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Technology and Livelihood Education

Quarter 4 – Module 1
Draft Water Distribution System
TLE_ICTTD9-12SP-IVa-1

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 Technical Drafting – 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Draft Water Distribution System
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein
the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office
may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

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exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary : Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary : Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module

Writer : Jasmin P. Santiago

Content Editor : Florante C. Borlongan Jr.
Elmar S. Legaspi
Language Editor : Karhyz D. Maninang
Illustrator : Andres C. Dionisio
Layout Artist : Jenny M. Yumul
Content Evaluator:
Language Evaluator:
Layout Evaluator:
Management Team: Gregorio C. Quinto
Rainelda M. Blanco
Agnes R. Bernardo
Joel I. Vasallo
Glenda S. Constantino
Joannarie C. Garcia

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education--- Schools Division of Bulacan

Office Address: Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
E-mail address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

2
 9

Technology and Livelihood Education

3

Quarter 4 – Module 1
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need
to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests.
Read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

4
 This module covers various activities that will help you gain knowledge in water supply and water
distribution system.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 identify symbols and pictorial diagram used in water distribution system;

 be familiar with the different types of materials/ components used in water distribution system;
and
 draft simple water distribution system layout

Pick the right one!

Directions: Read each item carefully and encircle the letter of your chosen answer.

1. This water is collected from roofs of the buildings, houses and special water sheds and stored in
cisterns or ponds.
a. ground water c. rain water
b. natural surface water d. water main

2. It is a portion of the rainwater which has percolated into the earth to form the underground deposits
called aquifers – (water bearing soil formation).
a. ground water c. rain water
b. natural surface water d. water main

3. It is a mixture of surface run-off and ground water. Surface sources include rivers, lakes, ponds, and
impounding reservoirs.
a. ground water c. rain water
b. natural surface water d. water main

4. It refers to the public sewer system along the streets, or laid underground where the service to the
house is connected.
a. ground water c. natural surface water
b. rain water d. water main

5. What type of tank does not have any pressure concern but relies on gravity to supply water to fixtures
below?
a. overhead tank c. pressure tank
b. pneumatic water tank d. vessel tank

6. Which type of tank is used in the air pressure system and often used with a pump?
a. gravity supply tank c. pressure tank
b. pneumatic water tank d. vessel tank

5
7. It is the pipe from the water main or other source of potable water supply to the water distribution
system of the building.
a. fixture branch c. service pipes
b. riser d. water meter

8. What device is used to measure the amount of water that passes through the water service in liters or
galloons?
c. distribution pipe c. service pipes
d. fixture branch d. water meter

9. It is a pipe within the structure or on the premises which convey water service pipe to the point of
utilization.
a. distribution pipe c. riser
b. fixture branch d. service pipes

10. These fittings are used to change the direction of a pipeline to either 90 degree or 45 degree.
a. cap c. elbows
b. cross d. tee

11. Which of the following fittings is used to connect section pipes?

a. elbows c. union
b. tee d. plug

12. What fittings are used to close systems and to connect pipes that are to be disassembled
occasionally?
a. cap d. plug
b. elbows d. union

13. What type of valve automatically actuates when the pressure of the inlet side of the valve increases to
a predetermined pressure, to open the valve disc and discharge the fluid, and when the pressure
decreases to the prescribed value to close?
a. check valve c. safety valve
b. gate valve d. pressure valve

14. What type of valve allows flow in one direction and automatically prevents back flow ( reverse flow)
when fluid in the line reverses?
a. check valve c. globe valve
b. gate valve d. pressure valve

15. It refers to a system of pipes and fixtures installed in a building for the distribution of potable water and
the removal of waterborne waste.
a. connections c. pipes
b. fittings d. plumbing

Check your answers using the answer key. If you got 9-10 correct answers, that means you are
knowledgeable about the lesson on water distribution system. Congratulations! You can now move to
the next topic.
But if you got more than half wrong answers, read and study the lesson once again so you can
understand the concepts better.

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 Water is one of the most vital natural resources for all life on Earth. The availability and quality of
water always have played an important part in determining not only where people can live, but also their
quality of life. Even though there always has been plenty of fresh water on Earth, water has not always
been available when and where it is needed, nor is it always of suitable quality for all uses. Water must
be considered as a finite resource that has limits and boundaries to its availability and suitability for use

Domestic water use is probably the most important daily use of water for most people. Domestic

use includes water that is used in the home every day, including water for normal household purposes,
such as drinking, food preparation, bathing, washing clothes and dishes, flushing toilets, and watering
lawns and gardens.

Try to recall some of your lessons in science and complete simple water cycle below.

After answering the activity and you got a perfect score, it means you are definitely
knowledgeable about the basic water cycle.
To students who scored low, try to catch up with the lesson and you will get better in no time.

7
Look for it!
Directions: Find 5 words in the puzzle that are related to water distribution system.

1. 3.

2. 4.

5.

Water Supply and Distribution System

It is defined as water supply from water source, street main or a pump to the building and to the
various points in the building or residential area at which water is used.
 Cold water
 Hot water
Water plays an important role in plumbing system, providing water is one of most critical
requirements in commercial, residential and industrial area.

Sources of Water
1. rain water – collected from roofs of the buildings, houses and special water sheds and stored in
cisterns or ponds.
Advantages:
 Water is soft and pure and it is suitable for the hot water supply system.

8
 Dis-advantages
 only a source during wet season or rainy season
 storages become breeding place for mosquitoes
 roofs may not be clean
2. ground water - The portion of the rainwater which has percolated into the earth to form the
underground deposits called aquifers – (water bearing soil formation).
Advantages:
 usually has an abundant supply
 requires less treatment because of natural filtering
Dis-advantages
 may have organic matter and chemical elements usually treatment is
suggested

3. natural surface water – A mixture of surface run-off and ground water. Surface sources includes
rivers, lakes, ponds, and impounding reservoirs.
Advantages:
 usually easy to acquire and in large quantities
 used for irrigation, industrial purposes, and when treated for community water supply
Disadvantages:
 contains a large number of bacteria, organic and inorganic substances; purification and treatment
is necessary

4. water main
Water main refers to the public sewer system along the streets, or laid underground where the
service to the house is connected. Water coming from it is under pressure but normally could serve only
houses of moderate house.

WATER STORAGE FOR DOMESTIC USE

1. Overhead tank / gravity supply tank – does not have any
pressure concern but relies on gravity to supply water to
fixtures below.

materials used in overhead feed system:

1. supply pipe
2. inlet
3. overflow pipe
4. drin pan
5. gate valves

9
2. Pneumatic Water tank – used in the air pressure system and often used with a pump. Make use of
pressure relieve valve to release excess pressure if necessary.

Water Distribution System

It is a part of water supply network with components that carry portable water from a centralized
treatment plants or wells to water consumers in order to adequately deliver water to satisfy residential,
commercial, industrial and firefighting.

The water service pipe, water distribution pipes, and the necessary connecting pipes, fittings,
control valves, and all appurtenances in or adjacent to the structure or premises. Water distribution
system for residential and commercial buildings are conveyed through pipes, a PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride),
cast iron, or G.I (Galvanized Iron) pipe.

PVC CAST IRON G.I. PIPE

The Water Line Layout

10
 The water distribution system is the network of pipes and fittings for conveying water to the
plumbing fixtures while the system of pipes and fittings for carrying off wastes is referred to as sanitary
installation.
The building water entrance pipe is connected to the street by means of a corporation cock, if the
water is supplied by the community. The amount of water passing through the water service is measured
by the water meter. If water service is supplied through a deep well, a water meter is not necessary.
From this, the water pipes branch out to the fixtures inside the residential unit requiring water.
Clean water lines are represented on a plan by a visible line and two dashes, while sanitary lines
are represented by a bold continuous line. The fixtures are indicated by their common symbols. Storm
drainage lines are drawn with two invisible lines that run parallel to each other. While vent pipes are bold
hidden lines.
The operation of the basic plumbing system is readily understood through the diagram shown
here.
To get water to a structure for use by the tenants and to remove sewage and unwanted water is
the purpose of a plumbing system.
PARTS OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
 service pipes – the pipe from the water main or other source of potable water supply to the water
distribution system of the building served.
 water meter – device used to measure in liters or galloons the amount of water passes through
the water service.
 distribution pipe/ supply pipe – a pipe within the structure or on the premises which convey
water service pipe or meter to the point of utilization.
 riser – a water supply pipe that extends one full story or more to convey water to branches or to a
group of fixtures.
 fixture branch – the water supply pipe between the fixture supply pipe and the water distributing
pipe.
 fixture supply – a water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch.

Seven Types of Pipes used in Water Distribution System

1. cast iron

2. steel pipes

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 3. galvanized iron (GI)
pipes

4. copper pipe

5. plastic or Polyvinyl
Chloride (PVC) pipes

6. asbestos cement pipes

(AC pipes)

7. concrete pipes

Connections of Pipes
Pipes are connected by methods dependent upon material and the demand of service. Steel,
brass, or bronze pipes are normally threaded and screwed into coupling and fittings.

FOUR TYPE OF CONNECTIONS

1. threaded connections

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 2. soldered fittings

3. connection by bolted flanges

4. solvent cement weld connection

FITTINGS

Are used to join adjacent lengths of pipes and to provide changes and direction, and branch
connections at any angle and to effect a change in size.

COMMON TYPES OF FITTINGS

13
1. screwed fittings
1. welded fittings

2. flanged fitting 2. soldered fittings

3. slip fittings (for

plastic pipes)

Kinds of Fittings
1. elbows – are used to change direction 6. union - are used to close systems and to connect
of a pipeline either 90 degree or 45 degree pipes that are to be disassembled occasionally

2. tee – connect three pipes 7. cross – connects 4 pipes

3. couplings – are used to connect section 8. reducers – are used to connect straight
pipes section pipes of different sizes

14
4. nipples – are short piece of pipes 9. cap – is used to close the end of a pipe
threaded on both ends and classified
as close nipple and short nipple

5. plug - is used to close an opening in a 10. bushing - is used to reduce the size of
fitting an opening

VALVES
A valve is a device used for controlling the passage of fluid or air through a pipe, duct etc.

Types of Valves
1. gate valve – generally used to completely shut off fluid flow or, in the
fully open position, provide full flow in a pipeline

2. globe valve – used to control the flow of liquid in a pipeline.

they can be used to either stop fluid flow completely, slow it
down or allow the fluid to flow freely

3. check valve – allows flow in one direction and automatically

prevents back flow ( reverse flow) when fluid in the line
reverses

4. pressure reducing valve – is normally an open two way vlave

that allows system pressure fluid to flow through it until a set
pressure is reached

15
5. safety valve – a type of valve that automatically actuates when
the pressure of the inlet side of the valve increases to a predetermined
pressure, to open the valve disc and discharge the fluid, and when the
pressure decreases to the prescribed value to close.

Systems of Drawing Pipe Layout

1. scale layout is used for large pipes

2. diagrammatic layout is used for architectural plans

16
Plumbing

The plumbing system is important to the designer or draftsman. Although plumbing plans may be
omitted on small residential dwellings, they are always included in larger projects for small residences; the
plumbing layout is left to the contractor or the owner to decide.

Plumbing is the art of installing pipes, fixtures and other apparatuses in buildings and for bringing the
supply, liquids, substances, also refers to a system of pipes and fixtures installed in a building for the
distribution of potable water and the removal of waterborne wastes.

A plumbing system performs two major functions which are:

1. for water distribution
2. sewage disposal

17
 COMMON PLUMBING SYMBOLS

Water distribution systems, whether hot or cold, are distributed by pipes from the source to the
house. The water distribution system is shown in an elevation, on a plan and as an isometric drawing using
the different symbols, hence this is called a schematic drawing.

They are used to show the type and location of fixtures, joints valves and other devices. The
difference in appearance of an orthographic drawing of fixtures and other devices with that of a schematic
drawing is shown in the figure.

18
PLUMBING SYMBOLS

19
Shown below are the procedures to lay-out the water distribution system in the floor plan.
Procedure:
1. 1. From the plan shown below, indicate the location of water fixtures by drawing
their symbols on the place you think is the most suitable location for each. You
too, shall indicate the water supply source from the street water branch.

BEDROOM
KITCHEN

DINING

LIVING
BEDROOM
ROOM

2. After locating and indicating the location of the fixtures, draw the water line
connection from the water source. In addition, try to indicate the position of the
water meter and the check valve based on their layout and the source of water
supply.

3. Draw the water line layout of the pipe fittings and the fixtures to show the different kinds of
fittings use, and write down the specifications of the material used.

4. Indicate by writing down the material used for the pipe and fittings.
5. After doing number 4, Darken the water layout and write down the abbreviations
on the fixtures together with the legend to distinguish the different water fixtures.
20
 LEGEND:
F Faucet
GV Gate Valve
HB Hose Bibb
WM Water Meter
WC Water Closet
SHO Shower Head
LAV Lavatory
GIP Galvanized Iron Pi

Independent Activity 1

Know it!

Directions: Identify the following statements as TRUE or FALSE.

________ 1. Plumbing refers to a system of pipes and fixtures installed in a building.

________ 2. Gate valve is a device used to measure in liters or galloons the amount of water
passes through the water service.

________ 3. A cap is used to close the end of the pipe.

________ 4. The water distribution system is the network of pipes and fittings for conveying water
to
the plumbing fixtures.

________ 5. Tees are used to reduce the size of an opening.

Independent Assessment 1
Connect It!
Directions: Identify the following fittings and valves. Match the pictures in Column A with the
corresponding pictures in Column B. Write the letter of your answer on the space
provided before the number.

Column A Column B

_______1. gate valve

a.

________2. cap
b.
21
________3. union c.

d.
________4. elbow

e.
_________5. tee

Independent Activity 2
Choose it!

Directions: Identify the term described in each number. Choose your answers on the pool of words
inside the box below.

a. couplings c. elbow e. tee

b. cross d. pipes f. valves

1. It is a type of fitting that connects three pipes.

2. It is a type of fitting used for section pipes.

3. It is a type of fitting to connect four pipes.

4. It is a type of fitting used to change direction of a pipeline either 90 degree or 450.

5. A device used for controlling the passage of fluids or air through a pipe, duct, etc.

Independent Assessment 2
Draw it!
Directions: Draw the following plumbing symbols as indicated.

1. tee

2. elbow 90⁰

3. elbow 45 ⁰

4. cap

5. gate valve
22
Independent Activity 3

Write It!
Directions: Read each line carefully and determine what is being described. Write your answer on
the space provided.

____________ 1. It is the pipe from the water main or other source of potable water supply to the
water distribution system of the building serves.

____________ 2. It is a device used to measure in liters or galloons the amount of water passes
through the water services.

____________ 3. It is the art of installing pipes, fixtures and other apparatuses in buildings.

____________ 4. A water supply pipe that extends one full story or more to convey water to
branches
or to a group of fixtures.

____________ 5. It is a water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch.

Independent Assessment 3
Identify it!
Directions: Identify the names of the following plumbing symbols.

2.

3.
1.

4.

5.

1. 3.

2. 4.

5.
23
 ………………………………
Write it!

Directions: Having gone through different activities, have you realized the importance of learning
the
drafting scale and standards in house planning? Write your realization below. Refer to
page 29 for rubrics.

I realized that.…..
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

Picture and Identify It!

Directions: Go around in your house and look for the materials, fittings, valves used in water
distribution. Take a picture, identify the names and its symbols.

Choose It!
Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer. Write
the letter of your answer on the space provided before the number.

24
______1. It is a pipe within the structure or on the premises which convey water service pipe or
meter
to the point of utilization.
a. distribution pipe c. riser
b. fixture branch d. service pipes
______ 2. It is used to change direction of a pipeline either 90 degree or 45 degree.
a. cap c. elbows
c. cross d. tee

______ 3. Which of the following fittings is used to connect section pipes?

a. elbows c. union
b. tee d. plug

______ 4. What type of valve automatically actuates when the pressure of the inlet side of the valve
increases to a predetermined pressure, to open the valve disc and discharge the fluid,
and
when the pressure decreases to the prescribed value to close.
a. check valve c. safety valve
b. gate valve d. pressure valve

______ 5. What valve allows flow in one direction and automatically prevents back flow (reverse
flow) when fluid in the line reverse?
a. check valve c. globe valve
b. gate valve d. pressure valve

______ 6. It is a mixture of surface run-off and ground water. Surfaces sources includes rivers,
lakes,
ponds, and impounding reservoirs.
a. ground water c. rain water
b. natural surface water d. water main

______ 7. It refers to the public sewer system along the streets, or laid underground where the
service
to the house is connected. Water coming from it is under pressure but normally could
serve
only houses of moderate house
a. ground water c. natural surface water
b. rain water d. water main

______ 8. Which of the following tank does not have any pressure concern but relies on gravity to
supply water to fixtures below?
a. overhead tank c. pressure tank
b. pneumatic water tank d. vessel tank

______ 9. It is used in the air pressure system and often used with a pump. Make use of pressure
relieve valve to release excess pressure if necessary
a. gravity supply tank c. pressure tank
b. pneumatic water tank d. vessel tank

_____ 10. It is a pipe from the water main or other source of potable water supply to the water
distribution system of the building served.
a. fixture branch c. service pipes
b. riser d. water meter

_____ 11. What device is used to measure in liters or galloons the amount of water passes through
the water services?
a. distribution pipe c. service pipes
25
 b. fixture branch d. water meter

_____ 12. It is used to close systems and to connect pipes that are to be disassembled
occasionally.
a. cap c. plug
b. elbow d. union

_____ 13. It refers to a system of pipes and fixtures installed in a building for the distribution of
potable water and the removal of waterborne waste.
a. connections c. pipes
b. fittings d. plumbing

_____ 14. This a water collected from roofs of the buildings or houses and special water sheds and
stored in cisterns or ponds.
a. ground water c. rain water
b. natural surface water d. water main

_____ 15. It is a portion of the rainwater which has percolated into the earth to form the
underground
deposits called aquifers – (water bearing soil formation)
a. ground water c. rain water
b. natural surface water d. water main

Create it!

Directions: Based on the floor plan below, create and lay-out the water distribution system with the
guidance of the suggested procedure in the lecture. Refer to page 29 for rubrics.

26
 Independent Assessment 1
Connect It!

1. f
2. e
3. d
What I Can Do 4. a
Re-Draw it! 5. b What’s more
Independent Activity 1
(Answer may vary) Know It!

1. T
2. F
What I Have Learned 3. T
Write it! 4. T
Independent Assessment 3 5. F
Identify it!
(Answer may vary)
1. glove valve
2. union What’s New
3. cap 1. layout
4. elbow 45⁰ 2.. valves
5. fixture supply 3. pipe
4. plumbing
5. fitting

Independent Activity 3
Know it
Assessment
1. service pipes
2. water meter
1. a
3. plumbing What’s in
2. c Activity
Additional 4. riser 1. condensation
3. b
5. fixture supply
Independent Assessment 2 2. evaporation
4. c may vary)
(Answer Draw it 3. collection
5. a
4. precipitation
6. b
5. transpiration
7. d
8. a 1.
What I know
9. b 2. 1. c
10. c 3. 2. a
11. d 3. b
12. d 4. 4. d
13. d 5. a
5.
14. d 6. b
15. a 7. c
8. d
27
9. a
10. c
Independent Activity 2
Know it 11. b
12. d
1. e 13. c
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Rubrics
s for What I Have Learned 5 pts. 4 pts. 3 pts.

The ideas presented The ideas are stated has minimal ideas that has several ideas that
are clear clearly are not clear not clear

The ideas are The ideas can be clearly has minimal ideas that has several ideas that
comprehensible understood cannot be understood cannot be understood

The ideas are relevant

The ideas are related to Most of the ideas are Several ideas are
to the importance of
the topic related to the topic related to the topic
alphabet of lines

Total points: 15

Rubrics for Additional Activity

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 Rubrics 5 pts. 4 pts. 3 pts.
The drawing is remarkably The drawing has The drawing has minimal
Neatness of the drawing
neat unnoticeable clutter clutter
Drawing elements are Most of the drawing
The drawing elements are Several drawing elements
relevant to the water elements are related to the
related to the topic are related to the topic
distribution system topic

the output is accurately has one to two errors are three to four errors are
Accuracy of the drawing
done observed on the output observed on the output

Total points: 15

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan

Email Address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

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