1. Mga paraan para mapawalang bisa ang kasal?

Answer:
 Declaration of Nullity of Marriage (DN)
 Annulment (A)
2. Ano ang pinagkaiba ng dalawa?
 DN – void ab initio – meaning null and void ang kasal sa simula pa lang
 A – valid until declared annulled – meaning from the time of celebration of
marriage, valid yung marriage but it becomes annulled upon order of the
court
3. Kapareho ba ito ng legal separation? (LS)
 Hindi, ang legal separation naman ay isang paraan para sa mga mag-
asawa na manirahan ng magkahiwalay at mahiwalay ang mga ari-arian ng
hindi pinapawalang bisa ang kasal. – Legal separation is nothing more but
a bed and board separation of the spouses (Lapuz v. Eufemio G.R. No. L-
30977, January 31, 1972)
4. Pwede ka ba mag pakasal ulit kapag na-bigyan na ng court order ng declaration
of nullity of marriage, annulment at legal separation?
 DN and A – yes. Judicial declaration of nullity of marriage is REQUIRED
for purposes of remarriage
 LS – no (bed and board separation only)
5. Meron bang divorce sa Pilipinas?
 Wala
 What if foreigner ang asawa who is a citizen of a country where divorce is
recognized?
i. Philippines can recognize a divorce decree provided that a valid
divorce according to the national law of the foreigner is obtained
abroad by the alien spouse capacitating him or her to remarry
6. Common question: Matagal ng hiwalay na mag-asawa at may kanya-kanya ng
partners, pwede na po ba namin pakasalan ang mga partners namin?
 Kailangan ng judicial declaration of nullity of marriage bago ikasal
otherwise, ang pangalawang kasal ay macoconsider na bigamy na isang
krimen under Philippine law
7. Grounds for DN
 Void Marriages Due to Absence of any of the Essential and Formal
requisites of marriage
i. Kapag ang kasal ay between minors
ii. Bigamous or polygamous
iii. Kinasal ng walang marriage license (subject to exceptions provided
for by law)
iv. Kapag ang nag-officiate ng kasal ay walang authority para
magkasal unless ang isa or pareho sa mag-asawa ay naniwala in
good faith na may authority ang nag-officiate
v. Kapag nagkamali sa pinakasalan na tao dahil sa pang pisikal na
anyo (sorry ang labo but parang you married the twin brother of
your fiance instead)
 Psychological Incapacity
 i. Existing even before marriage which causes a spouse or both
spouses to be unable to fulfill basic marital obligations
 Incestuous Marriages
 Marriages contrary to public policy such as but not limited to:
i. Step-parents & step-children
ii. Parents in law & children in law
iii. adopted child & a legitimate child of the adopter
iv. the rest can be found in Art. 38 of the Family Code
 Void subsequent marriafges
i. Mga kinasal ng walang judicial declaration of nullity of marriage
ii. Mga kinasal ng walang judicial declaration of presumptive death of
absent spouse
8. Grounds for LS
 Repeated physical violence or grossly abusive conducted against spouse,
common child or child of the petitioner (complaining spouse)
 attempt of the respondent to corrupt or induce petitioner, common child or
child of petitioner to engage in prostitution
 Attempt on the life of the petitioner
 Final judgment sentencing respondent to imprisonment of more than 6
years
 Drug addiction or habitual alcoholism of respondent
 lesbianism or homosexuality of respondent
 abandonment of petitioner by respondent without justifiable cause for
more than 1 year
 Physical violence or moral pressure to compel petitioner to change religion
or political affiliation
 Contracting by respondent of a subsequent bigamous marriage
 sexual infideity or perversion