Name: Rebeca Maria Benavides Mejia and Andrea Victoria Martinez Sandoval.

Subject: Chemistry.

Teacher: Brother Jonathan Molina.

Topic: Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metal Family.

Date: 18-07-2022.

Class: 10 grade.
 GROUP 2: THE ALKALINE EARTH METAL FAMILY
1- ¿The Alkaline Earth Metal Family?

2- Characteristics or Properties of the Group 2

The alkaline earths possess many of the characteristic’s properties of metals,
some of them are:
 Two electrons in the outer shell and a full outer electron s shell.
 Low electron affinities.
 Low electronegativities.
 Relatively low densities.
 Relatively low melting points and boiling points.
 The alkaline earth metals are very reactive, although less so than the
alkali metals. Because of their high reactivity.
 All of these elements occur naturally. They are common in a variety of
compounds and minerals.
 These elements are shiny and silver-white as pure metals.

3- The History behind this group of elements.

- The earliest discovered alkaline earth was lime, known as calcium oxide; it
was used in ancient times in the composition of mortar.
- Magnesia, the oxide of magnesium, was discovered by Joseph Black in
1755.
- Strontia (strontium oxide), was identified by William Cruickshank and Adair
Crawford in 1789
- Beryllia (beryllium oxide) was recognized by Nicolas-Louis Vauquelin in
1798.
- Magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium, were isolated as impure
metals by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808.
- Radium was discovered in 1898 by Pierre and Marie Curie.
- Metallic radium was isolated in 1910 through the combined work of Marie
Curie and André-Louis Debierne.

4- Beryllium (Be) – Yo
Beryllium is a silver-white, soft metal. Its name is derived from the Greek
word for the mineral beryl, beryllo. It is found in the Earth's crust at a
concentration of 2.6 ppm, making it the 47th most abundant element.
The primary ores of beryllium are beryl [beryllium aluminium silicate,
Be3Al2(SiO3)6] and bertrandite [beryllium silicate hydroxide,
Be4Si2O7(OH)2]. Gemstone-quality beryls include emeralds and
aquamarine; the green color of these gems comes from trace amounts of
chromium.
 Because of its small size and high charge density, beryllium bonds
through covalent bonding instead of ionic bonding. Elemental beryllium
is very unreactive towards air and water, even at high temperatures.

Beryllium is used to make windows for X-ray tubes (it is transparent to X-

rays), and is used in alloys with other metals, such as copper and nickel,
to make spark-proof tools and watch springs. Beryllium is also using in
casings for nuclear weapons and in nuclear power plants because of its
ability to reflect neutrons. Beryllium accumulates in bones; long-term
exposure to beryllium results in inflammation in the lungs and shortness
of breath (a condition called berylliosis).
5- Magnesium (Mg) - Vicks
6- Calcium (Ca) – Yo
7- Strontium (Sr) - Vicks
8- Barium (Ba)- Yo
9- Radium (Ra) – Vicks