Training Manual on Project Development

CLIMATE CHANGE COMMISSION

The Climate Change Commission, an independent and

autonomous body that has the same status as that of a national
government agency, is under the Office of the President of the
Philippines. It is the lead policy-making body of the government
which is tasked to coordinate, monitor, and evaluate programs
and action plans of the government relating to climate change
pursuant to the provisions of the Republic Act No. 9729 or the
Climate Change Act as amended by Republic Act No. 10174 or
the People’s Survival Fund.

GLOBAL GREEN GROWTH INSTITUTE

The Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) is a new international

organization committed to strong, inclusive green growth. GGGI
assists developing and emerging countries with integrating their
ambitions for strong economic performance and environmental
sustainability with the goal of bringing about poverty reduction,
job creation, social inclusion, and climate change mitigation and
adaptation. Headquartered in Seoul, GGGI was established by
treaty in June 2012 at the United Nations Rio+20 Conference by
an initial group of eighteen nations who share the organization's
vision. To date, there are a total of 24 Member Countries who
joined the organization. GGGI has a diverse portfolio of
programs in developing countries around the world. These in-
country programs, together with global products and services,
focus on delivering results through an integrated approach of
evidence based green growth planning and implementation
aligned to countries' development priorities. The organization
also focuses on knowledge development and management
activities which build a strong theoretical and empirical basis for
green growth, while providing concrete options and guidance for
policymakers; as well as building the conditions for public and
private green infrastructure investments.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

PREFACE

The Philippines is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. As witnessed through
the devastation from typhoons Yolanda (2013), Glenda (2014), and Lando (2015), millions of
Filipinos were affected and communities incurred costly damages and forced to rebuild. In
anticipation of stronger typhoons hitting the country, climate change adaptation and mitigation
is vital to the development and preparedness of Local Government Units (LGUs) and the
people they serve.

The methodologies and tools offered in this publication are intended to raise national
awareness and competence among national and local government institutions, civil society,
private sector, and communities. This publication provides information outlining mechanisms
on how to develop capacities of decision makers, local planners and trainers in integrating
science-based assessments into policies, plans, and programs to make communities adaptive
and resilient to climate risks.

This manual is one of the many references that the users may utilize in developing their
respective development plans.

The Climate Change Commission (CCC) is grateful to our partner, the Global Green Growth
Institute (GGGI) – Philippines for providing the needed technical assistance in the
development of this manual together with the technical team composed of individuals from the
Resources, Environment, and Economics Center for Studies, Inc. (REECS).

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Disclaimer

This paper is a joint output of the Climate Change Commission (CCC) of the Government of
the Philippines and the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) – Philippines. Neither the two
parties nor any of its employees, nor any of its contractors, subcontractors or their employees,
makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the
accuracy, completeness, or any third party’s use or the results of such use of any information,
apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately
owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by
trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply
its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the CCC and GGGI – Philippines or their
contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not
necessarily state or reflect those of the CCC and GGGI – Philippines. Past performance is no
guarantee of future results.

Training Manual on Project Development [electronic resource] / Published by the Climate

Change Commission – Manila and the Global Green Growth Institute – Seoul: 2016.

Includes bibliographical references

ISBN 978-621-95649-0-8: Not for Sale

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 Training Manual on Project Development

CONTENTS

PREFACE ............................................................................................................................. iii

Disclaimer .............................................................................................................................iv
I. Training Design .............................................................................................................. 1
1.1. Course Overview .................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Learning Objectives ................................................................................................ 1
1.3. Expected Outputs ................................................................................................... 1
1.4. Criteria for Selection of Participants ........................................................................ 2
1.5. Length of Session ................................................................................................... 4
1.6. Course Methodology ............................................................................................... 4
1.7. Resource Requirements ......................................................................................... 5
1.8. Course Content....................................................................................................... 5
1.9. Training Activity Flow .............................................................................................. 8
II. Toolkits ........................................................................................................................ 11
2.1. PowerPoint Presentations ..................................................................................... 11
2.2. Case Study: The City of Borongan Project Proposal ............................................. 11
2.3. Exercises/ Practice Sets ....................................................................................... 26
2.4. Other Materials ..................................................................................................... 28
III. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) ........................................................................ 34
IV. Capacity Assessment Tool ....................................................................................... 35
4.1. Pre-Training Assessment on Project Development ............................................... 35
4.2. Post Training Assessment .................................................................................... 38
V. References .................................................................................................................. 41

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 Training Manual on Project Development

I. Training Design

1.1. Course Overview

Project Development in the context of the Communities for Resilience (CORE)

initiative is a process initiated as a response to an identified need due to arising
problems related to climate change and disasters.

Local governments indeed play a vital role in achieving the national targets and
development goals. Therefore, their planning capabilities in all aspects- from
preparing project proposals to implementing the project should be strengthened
through the provision of technical assistance. In order to write effective project
proposals and formulate projects, understanding the phases of project
development, methods of identifying projects, project development principles,
concepts and procedures as well as developing the proposal using the government
standards must be taught to the planners, who are the faces of the local
governance. Thus, the Project Development training manual intends to aid the
delivery of an efficient training program for the trainers that will be the guide of the
local governments in strengthening their planning capabilities, monitoring and
evaluation and developing project proposals through project development.

1.2. Learning Objectives

At the end of the training program, the participants will be able to:

 Learn the phases of project development, its principles, procedures, and

concepts;
 Identify projects that address climate change and disaster risk problems;
 Identify methods applicable to the type of project; and
 Write a comprehensive project proposal/ concept note integrating the
learnings from the other topics covered in the training (Natural Resource
Assessment [NRA], Environment and Natural Resource Accounting [ENRA],
Geographic Information Systems [GIS], Vulnerability Assessment [VA], and
Financial Literacy).

1.3. Expected Outputs

At the end of the training program, participating local planners are expected to
deliver the following outputs:

 A project proposal integrating concepts learned from the CORE

components covered during the Capacity Development Project;
 Local climate change action plans aligned with national development plans;
and
 Improved work plan and budget management.

For local decision makers, they should be able to:

 Assess, evaluate, and judge the projects fairly;

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 Training Manual on Project Development

 Allocate funding for climate change adaptation and disaster risk-reduction

management projects and activities; and
 Present and articulate the project proposal to funding institutions through a
complete understanding of how the project was formulated.

1.4. Criteria for Selection of Participants

Prospective Trainee
Screening
Parameters Local Technical
Local Managers and
As Trainers Working
Decision-makers
Group/Planner
Capacity to Must have experience Not necessary for Capacity to train is not
Train/ in teaching/handling decision makers pre-requisite;
Educational subjects related to: Educational
Background background: College
a. ENRA and NRA: graduate
natural resource
assessment
(includes forestry,
fisheries,
agriculture, marine
and coastal,
energy, and water)
and accounting,
climate change
impacts and
disaster risk
reduction
management and
rural development
planning, and Cost-
Benefit Analysis.

b. GIS and
Vulnerability
Assessment:
forestry,
agriculture,
information
technology,
environmental
science,
biodiversity,
disaster risk
reduction
management,
climate change
modelling,
geography and

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Prospective Trainee
Screening
Parameters Local Technical
Local Managers and
As Trainers Working
Decision-makers
Group/Planner
rural development
planning

c. Project
development and
Financial Literacy:
all subjects
mentioned above,
as all participants
will attend this
training session.
Extensive
knowledge in rural
development
planning is a plus.
Aptitude Have conducted Not a prerequisite Have prior experience
trainings in the past in planning or LGU
assessments
Current and Must have been or Have direct decision Directly involved in
future presently engage with making authority on either planning,
functions in local government units plans and programs environment, disaster
the in either of the local management planning
workplace/rele extension/research government unit, and
vant work program of local project management
experience planning projects decision making;
With higher level of Decides or provides Participated as member
familiarity with local clear guidance on of technical working
landscape, land use allocation of fund for group in either land use
planning including local the local government planning, disaster risk
government programs unit reduction planning,
and its regulatory coastal resources
elements management, or solid
waste management,
and waste water
management.
Experience Had prior training or (Not required) Had prior training or
experience in climate experience in climate
change adaptation and change adaptation and
mitigation; knowledge mitigation; some
in writing project quantitative analysis
proposals skills
Other Not retiring in the next Not retiring in the Not retiring in the next
Prerequisites six years and next six years and six years; not job order
committed to provide committed to provide holder or contractual
skills and knowledge to skills and knowledge employee of the LGU
local government units. to local government
units.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

1.5. Length of Session

For each topic in Project Development, the ideal length of session in minutes is
proposed below.

Length of Sessions
Topics Covered
(hours)

The cycles of Project Development 1

Methods of identifying problems and projects 3
 Analysis of the results of vulnerability assessment 1
 Participatory problem tree analysis 0.8
 Survey of affected sectors 0.2
 Theory of change 1
Project development principles, concepts, and procedures 5
 The National Economic Development Authority
1
Guidelines
 Concepts in project development 1
 Procedures in project development 3
Writing the Project Proposal (includes writing of concept
5
notes and presentation)

1.6. Course Methodology

Different approaches will be employed to the topics covered during the training.
While there will be lectures for all the topics, some involve exercises to measure the
learning of the participants, and presentation of case studies to demonstrate the
application of project development in the CORE Initiative.

Topics Covered Objectives Approach

The cycles of Project At the end of the session, the Lecture/discussion in

Development participants should have plenary using
learned the cycles of project PowerPoint
development. presentations.
Methods of identifying After the session, participants
problems and projects should have achieved the
following:
 Analysis of the results of Analyze samples of VRA Lecture/discussion
vulnerability assessment maps and problems and using PowerPoint
projects; presentations.
 Participatory problem Construct a problem tree Lecture/discussion
tree analysis analysis and be able to using PowerPoint
identify the causal factors, presentations.
and transform the problems
and causal factors into
projects;

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Topics Covered Objectives Approach

 Survey of affected Analyze survey data and Lecture/discussion

sectors identify problems and using PowerPoint
convert these into projects; presentations.
 Theory of Change Identify problems and Lecture/discussion
convert these into projects. using PowerPoint
presentations.
Project development At the end of the session for
principles, concepts and each topic below, the
procedures participants should have
learned the following:
 Basic project Understand the basic steps Lecture/discussion
development and principles in basic using PowerPoint
project development; presentations.
 Comprehensive project Learn the concepts, Lecture discussion
principles in using PowerPoint
comprehensive project presentations.
development.
Procedures in Understand the procedures in Lecture/discussion
comprehensive project project development. using PowerPoint
development presentations.
Writing the Project At the end of the session, the Workshop on writing a
Proposal participants should have project concept; Writing
learned to write a project of a project proposal in
proposal in topical outline form topical outline form.
and write a project concept.

1.7. Resource Requirements

The following equipment are needed during the conduct of the Project Development
training:

 Laptop or computer
 Universal Serial bus (USB) or flash drives
 LCD projector for PowerPoint presentations
 Scratch papers and pens for exercises

1.8. Course Content

The split sessions for Project Development contains the following topics:

Phases of Project Development

This section covers the phases of project development using the project cycle
prescribed by the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA). It includes
the following processes: 1) pre-investment which identifies, prepares, appraises,
and finances the project; 2) investment requires detailed project design and
implements the project; and 3) post-investment that covers project operations
and evaluation.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

The pre-investment phase includes activities that lead to knowing,

characterizing, and understanding the project. These activities are project
identification, project preparation, project appraisal, and financing.

On the other hand, the investment phase leads to a more in-depth understanding
and analysis of the details of the project in terms of technical, social, economic,
institutional, and environmental parameters. This phase includes detailed
engineering and design, or feasibility study and project implementation. Detailed
engineering and design apply to projects that are considered “big” in terms of
scope and budgetary requirements and projects intended for submission to
funding institutions aside from the government. Project implementation refers to
the conduct of start-up activities of the project that leads to a full blown operation.

The post-investment phase includes project operations in which all the continuing
and starting activities are implemented up to the project completion period, and
ex-post evaluation in which the project as implemented is going to be monitored
and evaluated (M&E) by project completion to assess if its objectives, outcomes,
and impacts are achieved. M&E can also be conducted during project
implementation to assess if the project is properly using its resources,
implementing the activities according to standards and on time, to meet activity
targets. Results from this M&E is important for improving decisions in project
operations.

Methods of identifying projects

While project development processes require knowing the project, different

methods of identifying the project were not discussed in the NEDA guidebook.
This section on methods of identifying projects aims to fill this gap by presenting
alternative methods of identifying projects. These methods are: a) analysis of
results of vulnerability assessments; b) participatory problem tree analysis; c)
surveys of affected sectors; and d) theory of change.

Project Development principles, concepts, and procedures

Using the NEDA Guidelines, this section presents and discusses the basic
principles, concepts, and procedures of project development. Understanding the
principles and concepts are necessary to execute the procedures. The NEDA
PD principles1 are the following:

 Society will continue to function even without public investment;

 The objective of public investment is to effect positive change and
catalyze development;
 Resources available today are more valuable than the promised
benefits in the future;
 There are several ways to produce an output and even an outcome;
and
 Public investment will produce gainers and losers.

The concepts are:

 Evaluation;
 Feasibility study;

1 NEDA. Guidelines on Provincial/Local Planning and Public Expenditures, Vol. 5: Project Development. 2007

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 Training Manual on Project Development

 Pre-feasibility study;
 Project appraisal;
 Economic life; and
 Discount rate.

These concepts are discussed in the contents of the modules.

Given the above principles and concepts, the PD procedures to be discussed in

this section are divided into two. First, for basic project development and second,
for comprehensive project development. Basic PD procedures are applicable
only to small projects, while big projects undergo the procedures for
Comprehensive PD. The size of a project is determined through its budgetary
requirements. Appropriate methods based on the type of project proposal are
discussed in the trainers and local planners’ modules.

Project Proposal Development

The NEDA proposal format is simplified in this manual. While waiting for the
finalization and approval of the People’s Survival Fund (PSF), the modules
explore and focus on the NEDA project proposal format, but will also briefly
discuss the PSF.

The NEDA format requires the following components of the proposal:

a. Project title;
b. Location/target population;
c. Implementing agency;
d. Executing agency;
e. Start date;
f. Duration;
g. Project cost;
h. Current situation/problem and needs;
i. Justification and benefits;
j. Project objectives;
k. Project description / main components;
l. Project management and organization;
m. Expected environmental impacts;
n. Monitoring and evaluation;
o. Budget;
p. Cost recovery and sustainability;
q. Terms of reference of the consultants; and
r. Appendices.

The Climate Change Commission (CCC) prescribed project proposal format for
PSF funding has the following sections:

a. Basic information of the proponent;

b. General information;
c. Project background and rationale;
d. Project goals and objectives;
e. Project application effectiveness;
f. Project implementation;
g. Environmental impacts;
h. Project sustainability plan;

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 Training Manual on Project Development

i. Project monitoring and evaluation;

j. Information of the implementing partner;
k. Attachments.

In the PSF format, each section is provided with a set of questions to be

answered in the project proposal unlike in the NEDA format, wherein the contents
of each section are described. The reason for this is that this training is intended
to assist LGUs in the preparation of project proposals to be submitted to the CCC
for PSF funding. Details of how the project proposal is prepared will be discussed
in the module contents.

1.9. Training Activity Flow

The CORE Convergence Initiative Training of Trainers is conducted in three

batches. Each batch follows the training program presented below.

Responsible
Time Activity Content
Unit

DAY 1 (PLENARY)
Training
7:30- 8:00 AM Registration of participants
secretariat
Preliminaries
National anthem
8:00- 8:30 AM
Climate Change
Welcome remarks Commission
(CCC)
Introduction of participants
House rules Training facilitator
Global Green
8:30- 8:40 AM Overview and objectives of Training of Trainers Growth Institute
(GGGI)
Orientation on the
CORE Initiative and
8:40- 9:00 AM CCC programs and initiatives the Ecotown CCC
Framework, and its
components
Introduction on
Ecotown Capacity support Ecotown
9:00- 9:30 AM Development and Support Project and its
GGGI
Ecotown Project objectives and
activities
9-30- 9:45 AM Open Forum
Snacks/ Pre-test on all
9:45- 10:15 AM
modules
Basics of Ecotown/CORE CORE
10:15- 12:00
Ecotown/Communities framework and its Component team
NN
Resilience (CORE) components leader
12:00- 1:15 PM Lunch
Project
Project development (PD) Project development
1:15- 4:45 PM Development
Part 1 cycle, project
expert

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Responsible
Time Activity Content
Unit

development
procedures and steps
4:45- 5:00 PM Open forum
5:00 PM End of day 1 sessions
DAY 2 (Breakout/Parallel sessions)
Training
7:30 AM Registration
secretariat
Recap
Training facilitator
8:00- 8:30 AM Breakout session mechanics
Breakout session 1:

Natural Resource
Assessment (NRA)/
Introduction to NRA NRA expert
Environment and Natural
Resources Accounting
8:30- 12:00 NN
(ENRA)
Introduction to
Breakout session 2: Vulnerability and
Vulnerability & Risk Risk Assessment Vulnerability
Assessment (VRA) and (VRA) Assessment
Geographic Information Expert
System (GIS) Regional and Local
Climate Change
12:00- 1:15 PM Lunch
Breakout session 1 Foundation of ENRA
(continuation): and Valuation ENRA expert
ENRA Approaches
1:15 – 5:00 PM
Principles, concepts,
Breakout session 2: VRA and
and frameworks in VRA expert
GIS
VA
5:00 PM End of day 2 sessions
DAY 3 (Breakout/ Parallel sessions)
Training
7:30 AM Registration
secretariat
Developing
Municipal ENRA;
Development of
physical account;
Breakout session 1: Social Accounting
ENRA expert
8:00- 12:00 NN ENRA Approach to
generating Municipal
Accounts estimating
generating gross
value added
Fundamentals of
Breakout session 2: VRA and GIS, data structure,
GIS expert
GIS and spatial analysis,
GIS-based mapping

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Responsible
Time Activity Content
Unit

and assessment,
and uses of GIS
12:00-1:15 PM Lunch
ENRA and climate
Breakout session 1 change use of NRA
ENRA expert
(continuation): and ENRA for local
1:15- 5:00 PM
NRA and ENRA CC mitigation and
adaptation planning
Breakout session 2: Workshop on
GIS expert
VRA and GIS VRA/GIS
5:00 PM End of day 3 sessions

DAY 4 (PLENARY SESSIONS)

Training
7:30 AM Registration
secretariat
Funding windows
8:00- 12:00 NN Financial literacy
Financial literacy and financial
expert
mechanisms
12:00- 1:15 PM Lunch
Workshop: Project
proposal Project
1:15- 5:00 PM Project development preparation; development
Presentation of expert
workshop outputs
5:00 PM End of day 4 sessions
DAY 5 (PLENARY SESSION)
Training
8:00 AM Registration
secretariat
Workshop: Project
proposal Project
Continuation of session:
8:30- 12:30 NN preparation; development
Project development
Presentation of expert
workshop outputs
12:30- 1:30 PM Lunch
1:30- 2:30 PM Open forum
2:00- 2:30 PM Posttest by topic/group
Participants will be
asked on what they
After activity review (AAR):
liked, do not like, and
Comments and
2:30- 3:00 PM suggestions to Training facilitator
recommendations on the
improve module
training
content, format, and
delivery
3:00- 3:45 PM Next stops CCC
3:45- 4:00 PM Closing session CCC

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 Training Manual on Project Development

II. Toolkits

2.1. PowerPoint Presentations

PowerPoint presentations on Project Development, which are attached as separate

materials will be shared to all the participants of the CORE Convergence Initiative
Capacity Development Project. The presentations are also made available
electronically through the repository online account officially administered by the
Climate Change Commission (CCC). 2

2.2. Case Study: The City of Borongan Project Proposal

Below is a sample proposal developed by the local government unit of Borongan,

Eastern Samar. Borongan City was one of the demonstration sites of the Ecotown
project of the CCC, in partnership with other agencies such as the Global Green
Growth Institute (GGGI).

The City of Borongan Project Proposal

2.2.1. Proposal Summary

A. Project Title: River Bank Stabilization thru Bamboo Plantation and

Construction of River Control Structure

B. Project Summary Description :

The project has two major components; the construction of River Control
Structures and Bamboo Plantation Establishments. These structures and
plantation will be located along the river banks within the barangays
identified as prone to flood and soil erosion areas. These aim to reduce the
risk and vulnerabilities, increase the adaptive capacity of the people, and
address the perennial problem of flooding and erosion. This project will be
established in the fifteen (15) barangays greatly affected when extreme
events like heavy rain occur. A ten meters height and forty meters long with
point sixty thick (10.00 m X 40.00 m X .60 m) will be constructed in the
settlements areas of the fifteen barangays situated along the river banks
of the three major rivers of Borongan i.e., Suribao, Loom, and Borongan
Rivers. Suribao River has seven (7) barangays identified as prone to flood
and erosion namely, Brgys. Penanag-an, Baras, Benowangan, Hebacong,
Banoyo, San Gregorio, and Camada. Loom River has six (6), i.e., Brgys.
San Gabriel, San Jose, Seha, Calico-an, and Sohutan. Borongan River has
two (2) barangays, namely Barangays San Mateo and Surok. On the other
hand, a fifty (50) hectares Bamboo Plantation will be established along the
river banks outside the settlements areas of said barangays.

2
Slide presentations of all the CORE Modules can be accessed at Dropbox: https://www.dropbox.com/home/CCC%20-
%20Training%20of%20Trainers%20(TOT)

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 Training Manual on Project Development

C. Project Cost : the Project Cost of this project is stipulated below:

Item Amount (Pesos)

Construction of River Control Structure 28,153,275.00

Bamboo Plantation Establishment 1,949,992.00

TOTAL PROJECT COST 30,103,267.00

D. Proponent : LGU- Borongan is the main proponent

2.2.2. Project Description

A. Background & Rationale

Borongan faces the Pacific Ocean in the east. It is bounded on the south
by the Municipality of Maydolong through the Suribao River, on the west
by the Municipality of Calbiga and Hinabangan of the Province of Western
Samar, and on the north by the Municipality of San Julian.

Geographically, Borongan has a limited lowland area along the eastern

coastal part, while the western part is a mountainous and forested area. Its
61 barangays are dispersedly located from coastal, lowland, to upland.
More than half of its barangays in the lowland and upland are situated
along major rivers traversing from the forested western part down to the
eastern coast.

Agriculture is the basic economic source of income for interior lowland and
upland barangays, while fishing is the basic source of income for coastal
barangays.

Borongan is under type II climate pattern where there is no distinct dry

season. This type of climate is characterized by the presence of rainfall
throughout the year wherein pronounced heavy rainfall is experienced
during the months of October to February. Within the last five years,
Borongan experienced three incidence of heavy rainfall, wherein at least
fifteen (15) barangays were affected. These barangays are situated along
the banks of rivers exposing them to recurring risk of flooding and river
banks erosion: inundation. The absence of interventions/adaptation
initiatives at the barangay-level was foreseen that would result to further
destruction of properties, and worst loss of human lives.

B. Statement of the Problem

The problem of flooding and erosion in the fifteen (15) barangays of

Borongan situated along the river banks is very alarming because of
extreme rainfalls due to climate change. Resident of these barangays are
always exposed to recurring risks of flooding and river banks erosion, that
result to the loss of properties and even human lives. These fifteen
barangays are directly affected by these events because majority of the
houses are built along the bank of the rivers. Therefore, in order to reduce

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 Training Manual on Project Development

and mitigate the impact of this extreme event, the local government needs
to construct a river control structure, particularly in lowland communities.

C. Objectives

Goal: The ultimate goal of this project is to reduce risks and vulnerabilities
of upland and lowland communities situated along the riverbanks from
extreme events that result to flooding and erosion.

Specific Objective:
To protect communities along riverbanks from flooding and soil erosion.

D. Project Components and Activities

The project on River Banks Stabilization has two components. The first one
is the Construction of River Control Structure, and the other is the Planting
of Bamboos along the river banks of these three major rivers of Borongan.
This will be established in fifteen barangays, namely Barangays Pinanag-
an, Baras, Benowangan, Hebacong, Banuyo, San Gregorio, Camada, San
Gabriel, San Jose, Siha, Calico-an,Suhotan, San Mateo, Surok, and
Calingatnan. All of these are located along the river banks of this three
major rivers.

Project Components Activities

BAMBOO A. Community preparation

PLANTATION  Consultation with land area claimants
ESTABLISHMENT  Training/Seminar on climate change and Bamboo
Nursery Establishment
 Preparation of Memorandum of Agreement (MOA)
 Signing of MOA between RBO and the local government
unit (LGU)
B. Procurement of organic fertilizers.
C. Procurement of polyethylene bags
D. Nursery establishment
 Collection of bamboo propagules
 Rearing and caring of bamboo propagules.
 Propagule selection and culling.
E. Land Preparation
 Land clearing/Under brushing
 Lay outing
 Hole Digging
 Basal fertilizer application (organic fertilizer)
F. Planting
G. Rearing and management
RIVER CONTROL A. Pre-implementation Activities
STRUCTURE  Site inspection
 Preparation of plans and estimate
 Bidding process
 Notice of award
B. Project Implementation Activities
 Clearing and excavation

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Project Components Activities

 Masonry works
 Periodic monitoring and evaluation
 Turn-Over

LOGICAL FRAMEWORK

Verifiable Means of Important

Objectives
Indicators Verification Assumptions

Goal
To reduce risks and % reduction in Report of Reduced
vulnerabilities of upland Number/Quantity of damages from number of flood-
and lowland communities damages; Disaster Risk affected
along the river banks, a. Properties Reduction households;
from flooding and erosion. b. Agriculture Management Reduced
Office erosion.
(DRRMO)
Purpose No. of households Barangay -do-
To protect communities that did not reports on
along river banks from experience DRRM
flooding and soil erosion. damages

Value and extent of

damages
Output 1 Bamboo Plantation Has. of Bamboo Monitoring
Establishment Plantation Reports
Established

Activities:
A. Community
preparation
a. Consultation with Consultation with Minutes of Cooperation of
land area land area claimants consultation land claimants.
claimants. conducted. meeting.

b. Orientation/training Barangay Attendance Barangay

of barangay constituents sheet of constituents’
constituents on oriented on climate participants support and
climate change, change and trained cooperation.
and planting and on raising, and
rearing of bamboo planting of bamboo
propagules. propagules.

B. Establishment of 90% percentage

nursery rate of survival
a. Procurement of Inspection
polyethylene bags. reports

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Verifiable Means of Important

Objectives
Indicators Verification Assumptions

12,000 pcs. of 8” x
b. Construction of 10” polyethylene Inspection
nursery shed. bags procured. reports
c. Collection and 15 nurseries Inspection
gathering of established reports
bamboo -12,000 bamboo
propagules. propagules
d. Raising of bamboo gathered
propagules. -12,000 bamboo
propagules raised.
C. Planting of bamboo
propagules along river
banks.
a. Site clearing/ -50 hectares site Inspection No extreme
brushing. cleared. reports weather events

b. Layouting Layouting following -do- No extreme

east-west rainfall/flooding
orientation.

c. Planting. 10,000 bamboo -do-

propagule planted in
straight row.
Output 2
River Control Construction

Activities:
A. Pre-Implementation
Activities
a. Conduct of Ocular -15 sites inspected. Monitoring
site inspection. reports

b. Preparation of -River Control Progress

plans and Structure plans and reports
estimate. estimates prepared.

c. Bidding and -Project bidded and Progress

Awarding of awarded. reports
project.

B. Project
Implementation
Activities
a. River Control -River Control Monitoring Good weather
Structure Structure Report condition
construction. Construction
completed.
Monitoring Refusal of
Report barangay

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Verifiable Means of Important

Objectives
Indicators Verification Assumptions

b. Conduct of project -Periodic project officials to

periodic monitoring accept the
monitoring. conducted. project.

C. Turn-over -Project turned-over. Acceptance

certificate

E. Methodology

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Throughputs of Outcomes
Inputs Outputs Goals
Process (Activities) Impact

-Financial -Resolution endorsing Reduced risk To reduce

resources the project to CCC for and risks and
project funding. vulnerabilities vulnerabilities
-LGU from flooding of upland and
personnel Bamboo plantation and erosion. lowland
(CAO, activities; communities,
CPDO, Provision of along the
CDRRMO, a. MOA signing MOA between livelihood riverbanks,
Engineering between LGU LGU and project opportunities. from flooding
office) and concerned beneficiaries and erosion.
project signed. Provide income
-Barangay beneficiaries. from
officials employment in
b. Orientation/ Barangay project
-Project training on project implementation.
beneficiaries. climate change beneficiaries
and raising and oriented on Barangay
-Report of planting of climate change, awareness on
damage from bamboo and trained on climate change.
CDRRMO propagules. raising and
planting of
bamboo
propagules.

c. Establishment of 15 nurseries one

nurseries. nursery per
barangay
established.

d. Raising of 12,000 bamboo

propagules. propagules
raised

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Throughputs of Outcomes
Inputs Outputs Goals
Process (Activities) Impact

e. Propagule 10,000
planting in the propagules
river banks. planted.

f. Care and 50 hectares of

maintenance of bamboo
planted plantation
propagules. maintained by
RBO in the
barangay.
River Control
Construction
a. Conduct of ocular Ocular sites
site inspection. inspection
conducted.

b. Preparation of Project plans

plans and and estimates
estimate. prepared.

c. Bidding and Project bidding

awarding of and awarding
project. conducted.

d. Project Project
construction construction
(River Control). completed
(1,500 linear
meter river
control
constructed).

e. Project Project
supervision and implementation
inspection. supervised and
inspected.

f. Turn-over Project
completed and
turned-over.

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2.2.3. Financial Proposal

Item Budget (Peso) CCC Proponent

Bamboo Plantation
Establishment
1. Capability Building 5,000.00 5,000.00
a. Training
Materials
b. Snacks and
lunch
c. Transportation
for LGU
personnel and
RPs.

2. Procurement of 75,000.00 250,000.00 75,000.00

polyethylene bags/
12,000 pcs.

3. Procurement of 45,000.00 600,000.00 45,000.00

Organic Fertilizers
@ 500.00 pesos
per bag. 500 bags

4. Nursery 60,000.00 47,250.00 60,000.00

Establishment 37,500.00
a. Construction of
Nursery shed
one per
Barangay
beneficiary.
b. Collection of 250,000.00
Bamboo
Propagules.
12,000 bamboo
propagules, to
be reared at the
nursery

5. Land Preparation 50,000.00

a. Land 37,5000.00
Clearing/under
brushing (15
sites)
b. Hole 600,000.00 250,000.00
digging/Basal
fertilizer
application MOA
with RBO
c. Planting 47,250.00 80,000.00
contracted with
RBO

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Item Budget (Peso) CCC Proponent

d. Care and 75,000.00

Maintenance of
the bamboo
planted. (
Contracted by
the RBO)
River Control Structure
1. Site inspection (15 50,000.00 504,000.00
sites)
2. Preparation of 250,000.00 27,658,275.00
plans and estimate.
3. Project bidding.
a. Payments of 80,000.00 112,500.00
BAC
Resolution
(PHILGEPS).
b. Notice of 75,000.00
Award to the
contractor.

4. Construction of the
projects.
a. Clearing and 504,000.00
excavation.
b. Masonry works. 27,658,275.00
c. Monitoring and 112,500.00
evaluation.

TOTAL
 For the construction
of River Control
Structure please 29,849,525.00 29,172,025.00 677,500.00
see attached
program of work.

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Cost – Benefit Analysis on River Bank Stabilization thru River Control Structure and
Bamboo Plantation Establishment

With CCA

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6

Labor Cost 472,975.00 472,975.00 472,975.00 472,975.00 472,975.00 472,975.00

All materials cost 4,351,003.20 4,351,003.20 4,351,003.20 4,351,003.20 4,351,003.20 4,351,003.20
Clearing and
84,000.00 84,000.00 84,000.00 84,000.00 84,000.00 84,000.00
Excavation
Monitoring and
50,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 10,000.00 6,500.00 6,000.00
Evaluation Cost
Project
Administration
and Management 35,833.33 35,833.33 35,833.33 35,833.33 35,833.33 35,833.33
Cost
Total Cost 4,993,811.00 4,963,811.53 4,963,811.53 4,950,381.53 4,950,311.53 4949811.53
Agricultural Area 200,000.00 300,000.00 350,000.00 350,000.00 350,000.00 350,000.00
Residential Area 5 million 5 million 5 million 5 million 5 million 5 million
Erosion/Flood
1.5 million 1.5 million 1.5 million 2.0 million 2.0 million 2.0 million
Control
Revenue 6,700,000.00 6,800,000.00 6,800,000.00 7,300,000.00 7,300,000.00 7,300,000.00
Net Income 1,706,189.00 1,836,188.00 1,836,188.00 2,349,618.5 2,349,688.5 2,350,188.47

NPV AND IRR

NPV and IRR comp DR (%) DR (%)

Net income Year 11.525 6

1,706,189.00 0 1,706,189.00 1,706,189.00

1,836,188.00 1 1,606,205.453
1,836,188,00 2 1,58,784.573
2,349,618.5 3 2,008,336.4129
2,349,688.5 4 1,984,899.36
2,350,188.47 5 1,961,819.433
NPV 9,426,234.2

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2.2.4. Implementation Plan

Project Implementation Schedule/Work Plan

Time Financial Responsible

Activities Location Strategy Beneficiary
frame Requirement Persons
I. Bamboo
Plantation
Establishment
A. Community/
Social
preparation
a. Consultation Barangay 2015 Barangay City Land
with land Assembly Implementing claimants
area conducted in Team
claimants. every (DRRMO)
barangay
beneficiary.
b. Training of Barangay 2015 Training City 15
barangay Agriculture barangays
constituents Office
on climate & RBO
change, and
planting and
rearing of
bamboo
propagules.
c. Procurement Barangay 2015 CAO
of RBO
Polyethylene Contract
bags
d. Procurement Barangay 2015 -do-
of bamboo
propagules.
e. Planting of Barangay 2015 -do-
Bamboo
Propagules
along river
banks.
f. Site clearing/ Barangay 2015 -do-
brushing.
g. Layouting Barangay 2016 -do-
h. Planting and
maintenance
of Bamboo
plated.
II. River Control
Construction
A. Pre-
Implementation
Activities
a. Conduct of 2014 Site visit CEO
ocular site
inspection.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Time Financial Responsible

Activities Location Strategy Beneficiary
frame Requirement Persons
b. Preparation 2014 Office work CEO
of plans and
estimate.
c. Bidding and 2015 Public PBAC
awarding of bidding
project.
d. Project 2015 Site project Contractor
Implementati construction
on Activities.
e. Conduct of 2015 Quarterly CPDO
project ocular visit
periodic
monitoring
f. Turn-over 2016 Blessing & Brgy. officials
ribbon
cutting

2.2.5. Role of the Implementing Agency

The LGU shall organize a Project Management Team, which shall have specific
functions and responsibilities in the project implementation to wit;

City Mayor - The lead project implementer and the chairman of the Project
Management Team.

Project Manager – Shall be the over-all in charge of all field activities related
to project implementation.

Office of the City Agriculture (OCA) - Shall be the technical in-charge on the
aspect of bamboo nursery establishment, rearing, and management of
propagules.

City Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office (CDRRMO) - Shall be

responsible on social preparation activities (FGD, IEC on climate change, etc.).

City Planning and Development Office (CPDO) - shall be responsible in

project development activities, and project monitoring and evaluation.

City Engineering Office (CEO) - Shall be responsible in the engineering and

technical aspect of the project, specifically related to River Control Structure.

City Accounting Office (CAO) - Shall be responsible in keeping financial

recording and accounting of project funds, and preparation of quarterly financial
reports.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) – Shall extend

technical assistance on forestry matters related to project implementation.

Climate Change Commission (CCC) – This agency shall be responsible in

the funding requirements of the project.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Barangay Council – Shall be responsible in the coordination of barangay-level

project activities particularly in social preparation.

Rural-based Organization (RBO) – this barangay-based organization shall be

contracted responsible in the implementation activities related to bamboo
plantation establishment.

2.2.6. Organizational Structure and Staffing

Local Chief
Executive

Project Manager

OCA CEO CDRRMO CAO CPDO DENR

BARANGAY PROJECT BENEFICIARIES

Financial Management Process

During the project implementation stage, all project financial disbursements shall
pass through the disbursement process;

1. Local chief executive shall approve all payments/expenditures related to

project implementation.
2. Accounting office shall record all disbursements and be responsible in
maintaining financial accounting of the project fund.
3. Treasurer shall be responsible in the release of payments.

Reporting System

Assigned personnel from the CPDO shall be responsible in monitoring the status of
project implementation. Monitoring activities shall be conducted on a quarterly
basis. Reports shall be submitted to the local chief executive, who shall serve as
reference person during project evaluation meetings.

Project evaluation meetings shall be regularly conducted on a quarterly interval.

This shall be chaired by the LCE and co-chaired by the project manager. These
meetings are primarily intended to track down the progress of the project
implementation.

Sustainability Strategy

To ensure the project’s sustainability beyond project implementation period, the City
LGU shall forge a MOA with the project beneficiaries, particularly with a rural-based

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Organization (RBO), which was contracted in the planting and rearing of bamboo
propagules. This MOA shall assign the RBO as the co-owner of the implemented
project in their respective barangay so as to inculcate a sense of ownership at the
barangay level.

Monitoring and Evaluation Plan

Performance Target
Outcome/ Outcome/ Baseline Method of
Output Output Indicator Information Measurement
YR. 1 YR. 2 YR. 3

Outcome
Reduced risk Number/Quantity Reports of Annual
and of Damages; flood Reports
vulnerabilities a. Properties incidence
from flooding b. Agriculture damages
and erosion.

Provision of
livelihood
opportunities.

Provision of No. persons List of RBO 150 150 Payroll

income from employed members
employment in
project
implementation.

Barangay No. of persons Brgy. 750 - - Attendance

awareness on who attended the CBMS Sheet
climate change orientation Data
Outputs
Approved Approval of CCC 1 - - Notice of
resolution and resolution and Approval Approval
project funding. availability of
project funding

MOA between No. of signed List of 15 - - MOA signed

LGU and MOA between target barang
project LGU and project barangays ays
beneficiaries beneficiaries
signed.

Consultation of No. of Attendance 15 - - Monitoring

land area consultation sheet/ meetin Reports
claimants meetings Minutes gs
conducted. conducted of meeting

-Barangay No. of orientation Work Plan 15 - - Monitoring

project meetings meetin Reports
beneficiaries conducted gs
oriented on
climate change
and trained on
raising and
planting of

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Performance Target
Outcome/ Outcome/ Baseline Method of
Output Output Indicator Information Measurement
YR. 1 YR. 2 YR. 3

bamboo
propagules.

-15 nurseries No. of nurseries Nursery 15 - - Monitoring

established established Plan Nurseri Reports
es
- 12,000 -No. of bamboo Work Plan 12,000 - - Monitoring
bamboo propagules propag Reports
propagules gathered/raised. ules
raised

-10,000 -No of bamboo Work Plan 10,000 - - Monitoring

propagules propagules Propag Reports
planted planted ules

-50 hectares of -No. of hectares Work Plan 50 50 50 Monitoring

bamboo site cleared/ has. has. has. Reports
plantation maintained
maintained.

-Ocular sites No. of site Work Plan 15 Progress

inspection inspected sites - - Report
conducted.

- Project plans No. of project Work Plan Plans & - - Progress

estimates
and estimates plans and completed Report
prepared. estimates
prepared

-Project bidding -No. of project Work Plan Bidding - - Progress

&
and awarding bidded and awarding Report
conducted. awarded completed

-Project -No. of linear Project 1,000 500 - Monitoring

construction meters Plans l.m. l.m. Report
completed. constructed
(1,500 linear
meter river
control
constructed).

-Project No. of project Project 15 15 15 Monitoring

implementation supervised and Monitoring sites x sites sites x Report
supervised and Inspected Plan 4 qtrs. x 4 qtrs.
inspected. 4
qtrs.
-Project -Project turned- Certificate 15 Monitoring
completed and over of proje Report
turned-over. Completion cts

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2.2.7. Monitoring and Evaluation Activities

Responsible Time
Type of M&E Activity Source of Data
Parties Frame/Frequency
Project
Inception Workshop & documents,
CEO, OCA, CPDO Inception Period
Report Field-gathered
information/data
Quarterly Monitoring
Accomplishments & CPDO, CAO Reports, Quarterly
Financial Reports Financial Report
Verification of On-site/Ocular
Progress CPDO Inspection/ Quarterly
and Performance Validation
On-site Inspection,
Mid-term through
Mid-Term External Monitoring
CCC , CPDO project
Evaluation Reports/
implementation
Financial Reports
As required by the
Co-Financing Report CAO Financial Report Funding Agency
(CCC)
Annual Audit COA, CAO Financial Records Once a year

2.3. Exercises/ Practice Sets

2.3.1. Exercise 1: Multi-criteria evaluation of alternative projects

Directions: Choose one climate change-related problem in your area and propose
three alternative projects. Evaluate the alternative projects and select the best one
using multiple criteria. You may select specific indicators for each criterion or add
more if necessary (an example indicator for each criterion is provided). Sample
alternative projects and indicators are provided in the table below. For easy
evaluation, rate the indicators using positive and negative potential impacts/effects
of the projects, or use scoring system. Prepare to justify your evaluation.

Project C
Project A- Planting Project B –Construction
Relocation of
of Mangroves of Cement Breakwater
Coastal Residents
Criteria
Positive Negative Positive Negative Positive Negative
Social criteria
a. Social
acceptability
b. Employment
opportunity
Economics

a. Productivity

b. Cost

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Project C
Project A- Planting Project B –Construction
Relocation of
of Mangroves of Cement Breakwater
Coastal Residents
Criteria
Positive Negative Positive Negative Positive Negative

c. Benefit
Environmental

a. Water

b. Land/Soil

c. Air

Biological

a. Increase of
marine species

b. Influx of rare
marine species

Institutional
a. Allows multi-
institutional
participation
b. Presence of
implementing
mechanism for
institutional
participation
Total
Net positive
(Negative)

Requirements:

a. Individual desk exercise to be accomplished by each of the participants.

b. Evaluate the three proposed projects according to the above criteria.
c. Which of the three projects is the best project?

2.3.2. Exercise 2: Preparing a Project Proposal

Objectives:

1. To further enhance the capability of trainers in assessing and evaluating

project proposals by preparing one;
2. To translate the learnings from the different CORE components (ENRA and
NRA, GIS and VRA, and Financial Literacy) into a project proposal; and
3. To encourage participatory discussion among participants with different
expertise in making a project proposal.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

Directions: Once you have selected the best project based from Exercise #1, write
a project proposal using the guide/ format below. Identify data needs in relevant
subtopics (i.e.: municipal/ barangay population in location). Observe specified word
limit for each section and prepare the proposal using Word (.doc format).

1. Project Title(max: 15 words)

2. Location/ Target Population (max: 10 words)
3. Implementing Agency (i.e.: DENR Central)
4. Executing Agency (i.e.: Forest Management Bureau, convergence initiatives
of different agencies)
5. Start Date
6. Duration
7. Project Cost (identify cost elements)
8. Current Situation (max: 100 words)
9. Justification of Benefits (max: 40 words)
10. Project Objectives (max: 40 words)
11. Project Description/ Main Component (max: 500 words)
12. Project Management and Organization- should be shown in chart with
description of the roles of each unit. (max: 600 words)
13. Expected Environmental Impacts (max: 300 words)
14. Monitoring and Evaluation (max: 400 words)
15. Cost Recovery and Sustainability (max: 200 words

2.4. Other Materials

2.4.1. Tools for Net Present Value (NPV) and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)

How to compute NPV using Microsoft Excel?

1. From the raw table indicating benefit and cost columns, subtract the cost
from the benefits.
2. Click Function x or fx.
3. Select a function, select NPV.
4. Click NPV, then OK.
5. Indicate interest in Rate ___. This is the discount rate, then click.
6. Cursor will go to Value 1, then highlight the fields where the results of
subtracting the cost from the benefit are located, then click.
7. The NPV is pasted on the cell where the cursor was positioned.

If NPV is negative, do not implement the project.

If NPV is positive plus a minimum standard, implement the project.

How to treat risk in the CBA?

1. Suppose in year 3, there is a projected drought that will substantially reduce

the harvest of rice, reflect the risk in the calculation.
2. Suppose under normal condition, the yield of rice is = 100 cavans.
3. Projected rice yield at drought condition is 30%, the rice yield that should be
considered in the calculation is 30% of 100 cavans or 30 cavans only. Also,
this means that the probability of occurrence of drought is 70%. Thus,
leaving 30% harvest.

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2.4.2. People’s Survival Fund Proposal Template

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III. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. How to decide if there is a tie on the alternative projects using multi-criteria

evaluation?

A: With a science-based data, one can decide and weigh on the criteria of the projects
being evaluated.

2. What is the role of Project Development in the CORE Initiative?

A: Project Development cuts across all the CORE components. It will reflect all the
application of learnings from NRA-ENRA, VRA- GIS, CORE Concepts and Financial
Literacy. Concepts in PD will also help them evaluate the proposals to be done by
LGUs in applying for PSF.

3. Feedback/Mentoring of participants: Points to remember:

a. Projects must follow the SMART principle.

b. The objectives of the project should be specific.
c. Stick to climate change and problems arising from it. Remember that the executing
agency is the Climate Change Commission, and therefore all the projects must be
hinged on climate change adaptation.
d. Enumerate the specific components of the project.
e. In order to identify the right project, the right problem and the right indicators should
be identified first.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

IV. Capacity Assessment Tool

4.1. Pre-Training Assessment on Project Development

Directions: Encircle the correct answer.

1. Rate yourself regarding the level of your understanding on climate change?

a. None
b. Moderate
c. High

2. What are its possible effects to the following sectors (encircle):

a. Agriculture
1. Increase in harvest
2. Decrease in harvest
3. No effect

b. Fishery
1. Destruction of corals, increase of fish population
2. No effect
3. Decrease in the number of fishermen

c. Forestry
1. High mortality of newly planted seedlings
2. Good growth performance of young trees
3. High tree density, high soil erosion

d. Domestic water supply

1. Drying up of creeks
2. No effect on ground and surface water
3. Increase in water content of reservoir

e. Health
1. Increase in skin disease
2. Increase in incidence of insect infestation to coconuts
3. No effect to high blood pressure

f. Industry
1. Increase in productivity
2. Increase in water supply for the industry

3. How do you relate climate change to project development? (Encircle and explain
why).
a. No relationship, why? ________________________
b. Moderate relationship, why? _________________________
c. High relationship, why? _______________________________

4. Which of the following methods are used for identifying problems and project?
(Encircle your best answer):
a. Listen from gossips of actresses in television.
b. From newscast reports about affected areas.
c. From the instructions of the mayor.
d. From reports on the impacts of typhoons, extreme rainfall events, drought to
areas, sectors, and other objects.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

e. From reports on the sufferings of the people affected by droughts, floods, and
typhoons.
f. From reports of factors that create problems on climate change that were
carefully analyzed by stakeholders.
g. From the analysis of the changes that happened between the present and past
situations, and identifying what brought the changes.

5. Which of the following activities is not part of project development? (Encircle the
best answers)
a. Know the project
b. Characterize the project
c. Analyze the project
d. Judge the project
e. All of the above
f. None of the above

6. Project development works within certain principles.3

a. Society will continue to function even without public investment;
b. To effect positive change and catalyze development;
c. Resources available today are more valuable than the promised benefits in the
future;
d. There are several ways to produce an output and even an outcome;
e. Public investment will produce gainers and losers.

7. Project development follows certain concepts in order to work effectively and

efficiently. Which of these are not included? (Encircle the best answers).
a. That projects do not necessarily require evaluation.
b. That projects may be implemented even if the benefits are way below the cost.
c. Pre-feasibility study
d. Project appraisal
e. That the economic life of a project is forever.
f. Discount rate

8. The items below are parts of a project proposal, arrange them according to how
they should be written in a project proposal.
a. Judge the project ___
b. Recommendation _____
c. Budget ____
d. Schedule of activities ______
e. Background and introduction _____
f. Objectives _____
g. Scope and coverage ______
h. Strategies or activities _____
i. Results/Logical framework _____
j. Statement of the problem and its causes ____
k. Organizational structure ____
l. Multi-year plan ____
m. Title of the proposal ___
n. References __

9. Which is the easiest method of identifying problems and projects?

a. VRA reports, why? _________________________________
b. Survey reports, why________________________________

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 Training Manual on Project Development

c. Problem tree analysis, why? _______________________

d. Theory of change? __________________________________

10. Why is cost-benefit analysis important in project development? (Encircle the best
answers).
a. Helps in identifying the social viability of the proposal.
b. Provides insights on the environmental implications of the proposal.
c. Basis for determining whether the project proposal, when implemented, will be
able to recover its cost with a gain.
d. Any project will have to be financed if the present value of cost is higher than
the present value of revenue.
e. Since project funds are government funds, it is not necessary to subject any
project proposal to cost-benefit analysis.

11. Results monitoring and evaluation is important to (Encircle the best answers):
a. Allow delays in project implementation.
b. Determine problems during implementation of the project.
c. Improve decision-making in project management.
d. Allow changes of the activities without proper documentation and approval.
e. Check whether activity inputs are properly used resulting in expected outputs.
f. Ensure that the expected outcomes of the project are achieved.
g. Find errors in project implementation.

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 Training Manual on Project Development

4.2. Post Training Assessment

1. Rate yourself regarding the level of your understanding on climate change.

a. None
b. Moderate
c. High

2. What are its possible effects to the following sectors (Encircle the best answers):
a. Agriculture
1. Increase in harvest
2. Decrease in harvest
3. No effect

b. Fishery
1. Destruction of corals, increase of fish population
2. No effect
3. Decrease in the number of fishermen

c. Forestry
1. High mortality of newly planted seedlings
2. Good growth performance of young trees
3. High tree density, high soil erosion

d. Domestic water supply

1. Drying up of creeks
2. No effect on ground and surface water
3. Increase water content of reservoir

e. Health
1. Increase in skin disease
2. Increase in incidence of insect infestation to coconuts
3. No effect to high blood pressure

f. Industry
1. Increase in productivity
2. Increase in water supply for the industry

3. How do you relate climate change to project development? (Encircle and explain
why).
a. No relationship, why? ________________________
b. Moderate relationship, why? _________________________
c. High relationship, why? _______________________________

4. Which of the following methods are used for identifying problems and project?
(Encircle your best answer):
a. Listen from gossips of actresses in television.
b. From newscast reports about affected areas.
c. From the instructions of the mayor.
d. From reports on the impacts of typhoons, extreme rainfall events, drought to
areas, sectors, and other objects.
e. From reports on the sufferings of the people affected by droughts, floods, and
typhoons.
f. From reports of factors that create problems on climate change that were
carefully analyzed by stakeholders.

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g. From the analysis of the changes that happened between the present and past
situations, and identifying what brought the changes.

5. Which of the following activities is not part of project development? (Encircle the
best answers):
a. Know the project
b. Characterize the project
c. Analyze the project
d. Judge the project
e. All of the above
f. None of the above

6. Project development works within certain principles4

a. Society will continue to function even without public investment;
b. To effect positive change and catalyze development;
c. Resources available today are more valuable than the promised benefits in the
future;
d. There are several ways to produce an output and even an outcome;
e. Public investment will produce gainers and losers.

7. Project development follows certain concepts in order to work effectively and

efficiently. Which of these are not included? (Encircle the best answers).
a. That projects do not necessarily require evaluation.
b. That projects may be implemented even if the benefits are way below the cost.
c. Pre-feasibility study
d. Project appraisal
e. That the economic life of a project is forever.
f. Discount rate

8. The items below are parts of a project proposal, arrange them according to how
they should be written in a project proposal.
a. Judge the project ___
b. Recommendation _____
c. Budget ____
d. Schedule of activities ______
e. Background and introduction _____
f. Objectives _____
g. Scope and coverage ______
h. Strategies or activities _____
i. Results/Logical framework _____
j. Statement of the problem and its causes ____
k. Organizational structure ____
l. Multi-year plan ____
m. Title of the proposal ___
n. References __

9. Which is the easiest method of identifying problems and projects?

a. VRA reports, why? _________________________________.
b. Survey reports, why_________________________________
c. Problem tree analysis, why? __________________________
d. Theory of change? ________________________________

4
NEDA. Guidelines on Provincial/Local Planning and Public Expenditures Vol. 5: Project Development. 2007

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10. Why is cost-benefit analysis important in project development? (Encircle the best
answers).
a. Helps in identifying the social viability of the proposal.
b. Provides insights on the environmental implications of the proposal.
c. Basis for determining whether the project proposal, when implemented, will be
able to recover its cost with a gain.
d. Any project will have to be financed if the present value of cost is higher than
the present value of revenue.
e. Since project funds are government funds, it is not necessary to subject any
project proposal to cost-benefit analysis.

11. Results monitoring and evaluation is important to (Encircle the best answers):
a. Allow delays in project implementation.
b. Determine problems during implementation of the project.
c. Improve decision-making in project management.
d. Allow changes of the activities without proper documentation and approval.
e. Check whether activity inputs are properly used resulting in expected outputs.
f. Ensure that the expected outcomes of the project are achieved.
g. Find errors in project implementation.

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V. References

Balangue, Tonie. Impact Assessment of the National Greening Program- Biological

Component. Philippine Institute for Development Studies: 2015.

Balangue, Tonie. UNDP Wealth Creation Program. Manila: 2015.

Ballesteros, Marife. Assessment of vulnerability to natural hazards at subnational level:

provincial estimates of the Philippines. Philippine Institute for Development Studies: 2012.
Retrieved from http://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/pn/pidspn1214.pdf

Climate Change Commission and the Global Green Growth Institute. Demonstration of the
Ecotown Framework in San Vicente Palawan. Seoul: 2014.

Climate Change Commission. Proponent’s Handbook: A Guide on How to Access the

People’s Survival Fund. Climate Change Commission- Manila: 2015. Retrieved from
http://psf.climate.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/PSF-Handbook-Revision-FINAL.pdf

Gilgor. Gabriela. . Cost Benefit Analysis- A Project Management Tool. n.d. Retrieved from
http://www.upm.ro/proiecte/EEE/Conferences/papers/S233.pdf.

Iloilo City Technical Working Group. Local Climate Change Action Plan 2014-2028. Iloilo:
2013: http://iloilocity.gov.ph/images2013/LCCAPlan.pdf.

Martin, Ray. Internal Rate of Return Revisited. Japan International Cooperation Agency. 1997.
https://www.jica.go.jp/jica-ri/IFIC_and_JBICI-Studies/jica-ri/.../wp05_e.pdf

National Economic Development Authority and Asian Development Bank. Project Evaluation
and Development: Provincial Local Planning and Expenditures Management Guidelines
Volume 5. Asian Development Bank: 2007. Retrieved from http://www.neda.gov.ph/wp-
content/uploads/2013/10/PLPEM-Guidelines-Vol5.pdf

Scheuren, Fritz. What is a Survey. American Statistical Association: 2004. Retrieved from
http://www.amstat.org/sections/srms/pamphlet.pdf

Sera, Yumi and Susan Beaudry. Project Development. The World Bank: 2007. Retrieved from
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTBELARUS/Resources/Project_Development.pdf.

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