R i z a l ,

h e R o m a n t i c
T
gro u p 5 Bunda, Queenie
Albelda, Trisha Anne Domingo, Diana Andrea
Barretto, Jean Carla Vidad, Kamyll

“WHEN BEAUTY AND UGLINESS ARE PLACED SIDE BY SIDE, THEY FORM A
CONTRAST THAT MAKES THE FORMER MORE VIVID; THE LATTER, MORE
SHAMEFUL.”

- JOSE RIZAL (FOREWORD OF ST. EUSTACHIUS, MARTYR)

THE ROMANTIC MOVEMENTS IN GERMANY, FRANCE, SPAIN AND
THE UNITED STATES HAD A PROFOUND IMPRINT ON RIZAL'S
PSYCHE IN THE LATER YEARS OF HIS LIFE.

SOME OF RIZAL'S OVERSEAS TRIPS

BARCELONA
June 16, 1882
PARIS
MADRID
Summer of 1883
September 12, 1882 to
May 1883

BERLIN, GERMANY SAN FRANCISCO,

beginning of 1886 CALIFORNIA
to mid - 1887 April 28, 1888
 IN GERMANY, THE AGE OF ROMANTICISM (1830 – 1840)
WAS POPULARIZED BY THE WORKS OF SCHILLER,
(RIZAL HAD TRANSLATED SCHILLER’S “WILLIAM TELL" IN TAGALOG),
STEPHEN, AND BADEN.

 AGE OF ROMANTICISM

The Romantic Age is often known as

the ‘Age of Revolutions’ on account of
the sweeping changes that were
taking place during the late
seventeenth and eighteenth century in
the social, political, industrial and
literary sphere.
Romanticism was a literary movement
that emphasized nature and the
importance of emotion and artistic
freedom.
JOHANN CHRISTOPH VON FRIEDRICH
SCHILLER
WAS A GERMAN POET, PHILOSOPHER, PHYSICIAN,
HISTORIAN, AND PLAYWRIGHT.

HIS PHILOSOPHICAL-AESTHETIC WRITINGS PLAYED AN

IMPORTANT ROLE IN SHAPING THE DEVELOPMENT
OF GERMAN IDEALISM AND ROMANTICISM IN
ONE OF THE MOST PROLIFIC PERIODS OF GERMAN PHILOSOPHY
AND LITERATURE.

WILLIAM TELL / WILHELM TELL

Swiss legendary hero who symbolized
the struggle for political and
individual freedom.

fun fact

Rizal had translated

Schiller’s “William Tell"
in Tagalog.
 BADER AND STEPHEN

LOVE IS...

“The organizing principle in life… the true common spirit

as well as the foundation of an entire existence.”

 JEAN – JACQUES ROUSSEAU

HE IS THE FATHER OF ROMANTICISM.
INTRODUCED ONE OF THE PRINCIPLES THAT LATER ON
WOULD BE A MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC OF ROMANTICISM,
THAT IS: IN ART, THE FREE EXPRESSION OF CREATIVITY IS MORE IMPORTANT
THAN FOLLOWING FORMAL RULES AND TRADITIONS.

FOR HIM, THE STATE OF NATURE IS A MORALLY NEUTRAL AND PEACEFUL

CONDITION IN WHICH (MAINLY) SOLITARY INDIVIDUALS ACT ACCORDING TO
THEIR BASIC URGES (FOR INSTANCE, HUNGER) AS WELL AS THEIR NATURAL
DESIRE FOR SELF-PRESERVATION.

In France, the writings of Rousseau, which Rizal was very familiar with, advocated a return to nature.
 VICTOR-MARIE HUGO
HE WAS A FRENCH POET, NOVELIST, ESSAYIST, PLAYWRIGHT, AND DRAMATIST
OF THE ROMANTIC MOVEMENT.

THE LEADER OF THE FRENCH ROMANTIC MOVEMENT.

HIS WELL

- KNOWN
WORKS

Influenced by another French romantic, Victor Hugo (his Les Miserables

was one of Rizal's favorite

books), Rizal presented in both his novels not only the good, but also the
bad and the ugly.

 ALEXANDER DUMAS
HE WAS ONE OF THE MOST PROLIFIC AND MOST POPULAR
FRENCH AUTHORS OF THE 19TH CENTURY.

THE COUNT OF MONTE

CRISTO

REVENGE
TELLS THE TALE OF A MAN WHO SEEKS

DEALS WITH
AFTER HIS ESCAPE FROM PRISON AND

JUSTICE,
THE CENTRAL THEMES OF VENGEANCE,
FORGIVENESS, AND MERCY.

“…Hate only creates monsters; crime criminals; only love can work wonders, only virtue can redeem, it will not be through
the corruption of its sons, some deceived, others bribed, redemption presupposes virtue; virtue, sacrifice, and sacrifice, love.”
- Padre Florentino in El Filibusterismo
THE LOVES OF
RIZAL
 WHO WAS HIS IDEAL WOMAN?
IN HIS LETTER TO HIS SISTER, TRINIDAD, HE PRAISED THE GERMAN FRAULEIN

“THEY DO NOT “GERMAN WOMEN

ARE ACTIVE AND
CARE MUCH

ABOUT CLOTHES
SOMEWHAT
AND JEWELS…”
MASCULINE.”

"THEY ARE HOME

LOVING, AND THEY

STUDY COOKING WITH “THEY ARE NOT
AS MUCH DILIGENCE
AFRAID OF MEN.”

AS THEY DO MUSIC

AND DRAWING.”

“It is a pity that in our country, the principal

adornment of all the women consists mostly

of luxurious
clothes and
jewelry rather than knowledge.”

 AT LEAST NINE (9) WOMEN LINKED WITH RIZAL

SEGUNDA KATIGBAK LEONOR VALENZUELA CONSUELO ORTIGA Y REYES

LEONOR RIVERA

JOSEPHINE BRACKEN

GERTRUDE BECKETT
NELLIE BOUSTEAD
O SEI - SAN

SUZANNE JACOBY
 #1 SEGUNDA SOLIS KATIGBAK
(1877)
PARENTS:
NORBERTO KALA

BORN: 1863 (LIPA, BATANGAS) W KATIGBAK

DIED: JANUARY 16. 1943 JUSTA LUZ SOLIS

RIZAL'S PUPPY LOVE

OF HER
RIZAL'S DESCRIPTION
“She was rather short with
eyes that were

ardent and
eloquent at times, and languid

at others, rosy cheeked,
with an enchanting provocative smile that


revealed

beautiful teeth…”

 #2 LEONOR "ORANG" VALENZUELA

(1878) PARENTS:
CAPITANA SAND

AY VALENZUELA

A TALL GIRL FROM CAPITAN JUAN

PAGSANJAN, LAGUNA

ER L O V E NO TE S

RIZAL SENT H LE INK THAT

W RIT TE N IN IN V IS I B

B E D E C IP H ER ED O VER WA TE R &

SALT
COU L D ON LY OR

H O F A LA M P
THE WARMT .

CANDL E

H E VIS ITED HER ON TH
DEPARTURE T E EVE
OF HIS

O S PA IN AN D
BADE
HER A LAST G

OODBYE.

Leonor riVERa
April 11, 1867
Camiling, Tarlac
second or third cousins

Father: Don Antonio Rivera

Mother: Donya Silvestre
Bauzon
 Leonor rivera Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

Dr. Jose Rizal’s sweetheart for 11 years

Model of Maria Clara in his Problem
two novels,
2 Noli Me
Tangere and El FilibusterismoElaborate on how this negatively
impacts people and their experiences.
Rizal was in his second year of studying Medicine at
University of Santo Tomas and Rivera was studying
at La Concordia College Problem 3
In 1880, they met and got engaged.
Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
 Leonor rivera Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

ENGAGEMENT OF THE TWO FLAMES - DR. JOSE

RIZAL AND LEONOR RIVERA
Problem 2

Thoughts of an early marriage were

Elaborate overruled
on how this negatively
impacts people and their experiences.
Pact between Paciano and Jose
Engagement lasted for over 10 years
Paciano and Jose had a huge agrument
Problem 3
Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
 Leonor rivera Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
When he arrived in Europe, he immediately wrote a
letter to Rivera but received no response.
Problem 2

Donya Silvestre intercepted theElaborate

exchangeon howofthis
letters
negatively
impacts people and their experiences.
between the two.

She disapproved of the relationship between

Problem 3 the two
as she was told that Rizal is obnoxious to theeffectively
Frame the problems Churchas it
and against the government. will set the stage of your entire pitch.
 Leonor rivera Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
The postman accidentally delivered to Leonor one of
Rizal’s letters and discovered that Rizal still loved her.
Problem 2

Donya Silvestre then gave all the unopened

Elaborate letters
on how this negatively
impacts people and their experiences.
from Rizal of over three years.

Because of the whole situation,Problem

Leonor 3 decided to
accept the marriage proposal ofFrame
Charles Henry
the problems effectively as it
Kipping. will set the stage of your entire pitch.
 Leonor rivera Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

“A mi inolvidable y
amadisimo amante; le dedica
Problem 2
Elaborate on how this negatively
este retrato su apasionada.
impacts people and their experiences.

Taimis”

Problem 3
Frame the problems effectively as it
The words Leonor Rivera wrote to Jose Rizal
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
on the back of a photograph in 1880.
Consuelo ortiga
Born in the year 1863
Daughter of Don Pablo
Ortiga y Rey
Ortiga's Residence
situated in Madrid
Crush ng Bayan
consuelo Ortiga Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
During Rizal sojourn in Madrid, he met Consuelo
Ortiga y Rey.
Problem 2
Elaborate on how this negatively
Despite the fact that he hasimpacts
a fiance, hetheir
people and grewexperiences.
fond of Consuelo and admired her.
Problem 3
Before the relationship turned into a serious
Frame the problems effectively as it
romance, he gave up and backed out.
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
consuelo Ortiga Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

Also, Rizal can’t risk friendship over

Problem 2
a woman.
Elaborate on how this negatively
Eduardo de Lete, a Philippine-born Spaniard
impacts people and theirwho
experiences.
is also part of La Solidaridad, is madly in love
with Consuelo.
Problem 3
Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
 consuelo Ortiga Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
Excerpt from her diary, dated January 18, 1883
“Rizal talked with me for a long time, Problem
almost 2the whole night.
He told me that I was very talented, that
Elaborate I
onwas
howvery
this negatively
impacts people and their experiences.
diplomatic, and that he was going to see if he could extract
some truth from me within two weeks; that I was mysterious
Problem 3
and that I had a veil over my ideas…”
Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
o sei san
Full name: Seiko Usui
Born in 1865, Edo (Tokyo),
Japan
Father: veteran samurai
and a trading businessman
“O Sei San” and “The
Honorable Miss Sei”
 O Sei San Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
In February 1888, Rizal left Hong Kong for Japan to
accept the invitation of Don Juan Perez Caballero,
Problem 2
secretary of the Spanish Legation.
Elaboratewith
Rizal found it difficult to communicate on how
thethisJapanese
negatively
impacts people and their experiences.
and spent a month and half learning the language.
He gradually learned the Japanese way of life, their
costumes and progress. Problem 3
He even admired the industry, courtesy, and cleanliness of
Frame the problems effectively as it
Japan. will set the stage of your entire pitch.
 O Sei San Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
One spring afternoon, Rizal set his eyes on a beautiful
Japanese woman who passed by at the Spanish Legation.
Problem 2to Seiko.
Rizal did all he could to introduce himself
Elaborate on how this negatively
Being a woman of “high culture,”impacts
O Sei Sanandintroduced
people their experiences.
Rizal to the Japanese culture.
Seiko was impressed with Jose’sProblem
wit 3and charm and
eventually developed into a romantic bond.
Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
Rizal was 27 and O Sei San was 23 when they met.
 O Sei San Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

"To you I dedicate the final chapter of these memoirs of my

youth. No woman, like you, has everProblem
loved 2me. No woman,
like you has ever sacrificed for me. Elaborate
Like theonflower
how thisof the
negatively
chodji that falls from the stem fresh andpeople
impacts whole
and without
their experiences.
falling leaves or without withering -- with poetry still despite
its fall -- thus you fell. Neither have you lost your purity nor
have the delicate petals of yourProblem
innocence
3 faded --
Sayonara, Sayonara!"
Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
 O Sei San Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
"You shall never return to know that I have once more
thought of you and that your image lives in my memory; and
Problem 2
undoubtedly, I am always thinking of you. Your name lives in
Elaborate and
the sight of my lips, your image accompanies on how this negatively
animates all
impacts people and their experiences.
my thoughts. When shall I return to pass another divine
afternoon like that in the temple of Meguro? When shall the
sweet hours I spent with you return?ProblemWhen3 shall I find them
sweeter, more tranquil, more pleasing? You the color of the
Frame the problems effectively as it
camellia, its freshness, itswillelegance..."
set the stage of your entire pitch.
gertrude beckett
From London
Nickname: Tottie, Gettie
Description: brown curly haired,
blue-eyed and buxom girl
Father: Charles Beckett -
organist in St. Paul
Oldest of the three Beckett
sisters
18yrs. old when she met Rizal
Gertrude Beckett Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
May 1888 - March 1889- Rizal lived in London annotating
“Succesos de las Islas Filipinas” ofProblem
Antonio 2
de Morga
Boarder in Becketts' house- walking distance from British
Elaborate on how this negatively
Museum impacts people and their experiences.
December 24, 1888 - Celebrate Christmas & New year
with Beckett Family
Problem 3
She helped him in his paintings and sculpture
Frame the problems effectively as it
Friendship turned to romance - Gettie and
will set the Pettie
stage of your entire pitch.
Gertrude Beckett Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

Reason that prevented him from falling for her: he was

Problem 2
engaged to Leonor Rivera and his mission in life
Elaborate on how this negatively
Rizal left London for Paris (March
impacts 1889)
people and their experiences.
He finished: Prometheus Bound, The Triumph of Death
over Life, The Triumph of Science over Death
Problem 3
The composite carving of the head of Beckett sisters
Frame the problems effectively as it
- a memento for their brief relationship
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
Gertrude Beckett
Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

Problem 2
Elaborate on how this negatively
impacts people and their experiences.

Problem 3
Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
Nellie Boustead

From Biarritz, France

Nickname: Nelly
Father: Eduardo- wealthy
businessman
Younger of the two
daughters
 Nellie Boustead Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

Biarritz where Rizal finished the last chapter of El

Filibusterismo Problem 2
Jose learned about Leonor Rivera'sElaborate
marriage to this
on how Henry Kipping
negatively
He's a guest of the Boustead familyimpacts
(Feb.people
1891)-
and Villa Eliada
their experiences.
He befriended the two sisters: Adelina and Nellie
Fencing with the sisters at Juan Luna's Studio in Paris
Problem 3
Antonio Luna courted Nellie
Party of Filipinos in Madrid- drunken
FrameAntonio
the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
Rizal challenged Luna to a duel - Luna apologized to Rizal
 Nellie Boustead Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
Rizal wrote some to his friends about the idea
of proposing to Nellie
Problem 2
Almost wife: 2 reasons
Elaborate on how this negatively
1. Rizal refused to be converted impacts
to thepeopleProtestant
and their experiences.
Faith
2. Nellie's mother did not like a physician without enough
paying clientele Problem 3
They parted as good friends whenFrame Rizal left effectively
the problems to as it
Europe will set the stage of your entire pitch.
suzanne Jacoby
From Brussels, Belgium
January 18, 1890- due to high cost of
living in Paris
Boarder in the house of two Jacoby
sisters
niece- Suzanne Thill
6 months - summertime festival
She wrote him when he was in
Madrid-
April 1891- went back to Brussels
Josephine Bracken

From Hongkong
Foster father: George Taufer
Josephine Bracken Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

Problem 2
Early 1895 - arrived in Dapitan
Elaborate on how this negatively
retraction as a pre-condition of marriage
impacts people and their experiences.
common-law wife
premature baby boy: Francisco
Problem 3
Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
TO JOSEPHINE Give a striking overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.

Josefina, Josefina;
To these shores you came in quest
Problem 2
Of a dwelling place, Elaborate
a nest, on how this negatively
Like an emigrating swallow;
impacts people and their experiences.
If your fortune you must follow
To Shanghai, China, orProblem
Japan,
3
Don’t forget that on these shores
Frame the problems effectively as it
Beats for you the heart of the
will set one.
stage of your entire pitch.
 R i z a l ' s
GREATEST LOVE
 march 13, 1884
an entry in his diary
"When they talk to me about my country, dormant
remembrances are awakened in my heart. Now and then a
vague melancholy takes possession of me and displays before my
eyes the whole past."

"... I have no regret except perhaps having deprived myself of

many pleasures."
 Consuelo ortiga
You wish to learn the cause of this dejection-
delirium of despair that anguish wove?
You wish to know the wherefore of such sorrows,
and, why a young soul, I sing not of love?

Oh, may you never know why! For the reason

brings melancholy but may set you laughing.
Down with my corpse into the grave shall go
another corpse that’s buried in my stuffing!
they ask me for verses
I left her… My native hearth,
a tree despoiled and shriveled,
no longer repeats the echo
of my old song of mirth.
I sailed across the vast ocean,
craving to change my fate,
not nothing, in my madness,
that, instead of the weal I sought,
the sea around me wrought
the spectre of death and sadness
 Governor general
eulogio despujol
March 21, 1892

Rizal' "The supreme obsession of my life has

always been my love of country and its

GR E ATE S
s moral and material development."

love T farewell to 1883

"I'll say in my heart I have suppressed all
loves except that of my motherland; in my
heart I have erased all ideas and my lips
have forgotten the names of the native
races in the Philippines in order not to say
more than the Filipinos."
 love of country
"Love of country is never effaced once it
has penetrated the heart, because it

Rizal' carries with it a divine stamp that renders

it eternal and imperishable. Well then, of

GR E ATE S
s all loves, that of country is the greatest,
the most heroic and the most

love T disinterested."

You who have lost the ideal of your souls,

you who, with wounded hearts, have seen
your illusions disappear one by one... and
desirous of loving, and find no one worthy
of you, there you have the Motherland:
love her.
 Rizal,
A Man of H onor
and a
Gentlemen
 Rizal & Antonio Luna
August 1890 in Madrid

R i z a l , Rizal challenged a drunken Antonio

an o f H onor Luna to a duel over the latter's

unsavory remarks about Nellie Bousted,
A M a n d a Rizal's Girlfriend.

n t l emen Rizal was a better shooter than Luna.

Ge But the latter was a better fencer.

By tradition, the challenged party
(Luna) had the choice of weapons.
Luna came to his senses and offered
his apology to Rizal.
R i z a l & W e n c e s l a o E . Retana
Retana, a leading counter propagandist attacked Rizal
Give a striking in an article
overview of the
problem and explain it briefly.
published in La Epoca, a newspaper in Madrid.
He had charged that Rizal's family and friends had not paid their
rents for their lands in Calamba. Problem 2
Rizal sent emissaries to Retana withElaborate
his challenged to negatively
on how this a duel
because of the article the latter wrote. impacts people and their experiences.
Retana was informed of Rizal's skill in both pistol and sword.
Problem
Retana published a retraction and an apology in 3the newspaper.
Frame the problems effectively as it
After this incident, Retana developed will
great admiration for his
set the stage of your entire pitch.
former enemy of the pen that later, he wrote a Rizal biography.
 Rizal & Juan lardet
During Rizal's exile in Dapitan

Juan Lardet purchased many logs from the lands

R i z a l , of Rizal
Lardet in a letter written to Antonio Miranda,

an o f H onor charged that Rizal sold him logs of poor quality.

A M a n d a Miranda sent this letter to Rizal.

en t l emen Rizal immediately confronted Lardet, and

G challenged him to a duel.
Dapitan Commandment Carnicero urged Lardet
to apologize than accept the challenge.
Lardet wrote to a letter of apology to the
former. Rizal, the gentlemen accepted the apology
R i z a l & M A r c e l o H . D e l Pilar
Give a over
Rizal and Del Pilar were vying for supremacy strikingthe
overview of theof
leadership
Filipinos exiles in Spain. problem and explain it briefly.

Del Pilar's editorial management and policy was occasionally contrary to

Rizal's political beliefs.
Problem 2
On Jan 1, 1891, about 90 gathered in Madrid. It on
Elaborate washowagreed that a
this negatively
Reponsable, be elected. impacts people and their experiences.
Rizal won the first two elections but the votes counted for him did not
reach the needed 2/3 votes.
Problem 3
After Mariano Ponce pleaded to the Pilaristas, Rizal was elected
Responsable. Frame the problems effectively as it
will set the stage of your entire pitch.
But he respectfully decline the position and transferred it to Del Pilar.
"Palabra de honor"
He was earnestly urged by Pio Valenzuela to escape and he
refused because he already gave his word to Carnicero, his
guardian.
Sept 7, 1896 - on his way to Cuba, Pedro Roxas and
Manuel Camus pleaded him to step off the ship in Singapore,
and refused again because he had given his word of honor
to the Governor Ramon Blanco.

"D Y i n g with honor to l i v i n g i n dishonor"

 to the women of malolos
”
Nang iniaabot ng isang ina ang kalasag sa papasa-hukbong anak, ay ito lamang ang
sinabi: “ibalik mo ó ibalik ka,” ito nga umuwi kang nanalo ó namatay ka, sapagkat
ugaling iwaksi ang kalasag ng talong natakbo ó inuwi kaya ang bangkay sa ibabaw ng
kalasag. Nabalitaan ng isang ina na namatay sa laban ang kanyang anak, at ang hukbo
ay natalo. Hindi umiimik kundi nagpasalamat dahil ang kanyang anak ay maligtas sa pulá,
ngunit at ang anak ay bumalik ng buhay; nagluksa ang ina ng siya’y makita. Sa isang
sumasalubong na ina sa mga umuwing galing sa laban, ay ibinalita ng isa na namatay
daw sa pagbabaka ang tatlong anak niya, ”hindi iyan ang tanong ko” ang sagot ng ina,
kundi nanalo ó natalo tayó? —“Nanalo!” ang sagot ng bayani. “Kung ganoo’y
magpasalamat tayo sa Dios!” ang wika at napasa simbahan.

Minsa’y nagtagó sa simbahan ang isang natalong harí nila sa takot sa galit sa bayan;
pinagkaisahang kuluñgin siya roon at patayin sa gutom. Nang papaderan ang pinto’y,
ang ina ang unang nag hakot ng bato…. Ang tao, ang wika ng mga taga Esparta, ay
hindí inianak para mabuhay sa sarili, kundi para sa kanyang bayan!

”
 T h a n k
Y o u !
gro u p 5 Bunda, Queenie
Albelda, Trisha Anne Domingo, Diana Andrea
Barretto, Jean Carla Vidad, Kamyll