ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY

CE-12101
INSTRUCTOR NAME : Dr. Pramod Soni

TEAM MEMBERS :-
1.Pradeep Kumar(Leader) 9.Ram Pravesh
2.Pratik Padmesh 10.Sandeep Saini
3.Rahul Kumar Mahato 11.Sara Shanker
4.Rajesh Kumar 12.Satyam
5.Ram Singh
6.Ritik Doneriya
7.Samar Vijeet
8.Sambit Kumar Behera
 CONTENTS
❖ INTRODUCTION

❖COMPOSITION OF BIOGAS

❖ADVANTAGES OF BIOGAS

❖DISADVANTAGES OF BIOGAS

❖CASE STUDIES IN INDIA

❖CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION

➢Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the

breakdown of organic matter by anaerobic process.
➢Microbially controlled production of biogas is an important part of
the global carbon cycle.
➢It is a renewable energy source.
➢The main source of raw material for production of biogas is plant and
animal biomass.
 TYPICAL COMPOSITION OF BIOGAS
COMPOUND MOLECULAR FORMULA PERCENTAGE
Methane CH4 50-75

Carbon Dioxide CO2 25-50

Nitrogen N2 0-10

Hydrogen H2 0-1

Hydrogen Sulphide H2S 0-3

Oxygen O2 0-0.5
 ADVANTAGES OF BIOGAS
➢ Alternate energy source.
➢ High calorific value.
➢ Renewable source of energy.
➢ Non polluting.
➢ Reduces Landfills.
➢ Economical technology. THE BIOGAS TRAIN “AMANDA” IN SWEDEN.

➢ Requires only locally and easily available materials for construction.

➢ Little operational skills and maintenance required.
➢ Biogas can be used in transport.
 DISADVANTAGES OF BIOGAS
➢Biogas can be explosive when mixed in the ratio of 1 part biogas to 8-
20 parts air.
➢Biogas leaks smell like rotten eggs (Hydrogen Sulphide).
➢Not feasible
➢Not attractive on large scale.
➢Little technological advancement.
➢Contains impurities.
➢Cannot be easily stored.
 CASE STUDIES IN INDIA
➢In India biogas is commonly known as “Gobar gas”.
➢India has potential maximum number of biogas plants has been estimated to
be 12-17 million.
➢Mainly biogas is produced based on dairy manure as feedstock and these
‘gobar’ gas plants.
➢In the last 2-3 decades research organisations with a focus on rural energy
security have enhanced the design of the systems resulting in newer efficient
low cost design.
➢India have additionally commissioned 158 projects under its biogas based grid
power generation programme with a total installed capacity of 2MW.
➢NBMMB is implemented in our country since 1981-82 for promotion of biogas
plants based on cattle dungs.
➢To support above programme government is providing 50% subsidy for
installation of biogas plants.
BIOMETHANATION OF TAPIOCA
2MW BIOGAS POWER AT KANORIA
PROCESSING WASTE WATER AT
CHEM, ANKLESHWAR
VARALAXMI STARCH, SALEM

3000 cum BIOMETHANATION 1MW POWER PROJECT BASED ON CATTLE

PROJECT OF SOLID WASTE AT DUNG AT HAEBOWAL DAIRY COMPLEX,
SLAUGHTERHOUSE IN AP LUDHIANA, PUNJAB
 CONCLUSION
➢ Although renewable energy power generation is a genuine clean
development success story , there are some problems that need to
be addressed to make the industry sustainable and self supporting.
➢ Biogas offers a vast set of benefits.
➢ Except India and China ,in other developing country the proportion
of functioning biogas plants is less than 50%.
➢ Considering government involvement is required for these support
network to be continued overtime.
➢ It is challenge to develop a new technology for biogas generation
which has low cost , high efficiency of production and proper
functionality.