Kerbala University Subject: EOR I College of Engineering Examiner: Department of Petroleum = Date: @/ @/ 2020 ‘Time: 3 Hours 4" YEAR , 2" SEMESTER, FINAL-EXAM (2019-2020) Note: Answer FOUR questions only; Qu 02; Multiple Choice (One correct answer for cach question if not specified) is Itis planned to initiate a water injection scheme in a reservoir in order to maintain reservoir pressure at a level ‘of 2700 psia (Pb=3330 psia). the current producing gas oil ratio (Rp) of the field is 3000 SCF/STB, what will be the initial water injection rate required to produce 10,000 STB/O of al. Contrast this with the water injection required to maintain the pressure at 3330 psia. Given: -At 2700 psia, =1.2022 RVB/STB, Ri=401 SCF/STB, By=0.00107 RVB/SCF -At 3330 psia, B,=1.2511 RVB/STB, Aj=510 SCF/STB, 8,=0.00087 RVB/SCF Interstitial velocity is equal to A-QIA in Darey equation Bsuperficial velocity/porosity C: Superficial velocity x porosity D: A&B ‘The difference in capillary pressure between drainage and imbibition is resulted from: ‘A- wrong measurement Bewettability CC: capillary pressure Ds hysteresis A capillary pressure was measured as follow; please identify which curve is for High permeability rock: A or B I B s q A £ 3 5 2 5 Water saturation, % 4 Which rock is poorly sorted: A or B — Zoe or. Ns esxX EORII, FinalExam, 4th Yea... [Q [% 4. Which rock is poorly sorted: A or B Capitary pressure, psi —e Water saturation, % = ————> 5. The following EOR method is mainly used to improve the mobility ratio, (a) SAGD. (by Surfactant (©) Polymer flooding (@ css 6. Forthe Figure below, please answer the following questions: A. From the marks A, B,C, D, E, F, and G to determine where are a. Pore entry pressure , Irreducible water saturation Free water level 4. Oil Water contact c. Moveable water B, The water saturation in the region between G and F is.... of 0, Swi, 1-Soi, or 100%) C. The ol saturation in the region of Eis =( 0, Swi, 1-swi, oF 100%) Govtiany | otegh oF ft Water Sanraton 120% 7. Avvery permeable rock contains oil, water and gas, its relative permeabilities are correctly measured, which relationship is right? Please explain your selection, A: KrovkrwiKrg <1 A: Kro*Krw+Krg >I A: KrotKrw+Kry Ple: tell ft 1- Capillary pressure and capillary number7. Avery permeable rock contains oil, water and gas. its relative permeabilities are correctly measured, which relationship is right? Please explain your selection, A: Kro*Kew!Krg 1 A: KrotKrwi Reg 1 O3:_Please briefly tell the difference of the following paired terms Capillary pressure and capillary nurmber ‘Interfacial tension and surface tension Effective permeability and relative permeability Enhanced oil recovery and improved oil recovery Microscopic displacement efficiency and Macroscopic displacement efficiency Intermediate wet and mixed wet & Drainage and imbibition h- Huff-n-puff'and flooding i. Miscible and imamiscible flooding J+ Viscous fingering and conformance problems PO EET, (1) Ifthe reservoir is a well sorted homogenous oil wet sandstone, and its oil viscosity is 1000 ep at reservoir condition. Please tell two best methods that ean be used to improve the microscopic displacement efficiency for the reservoir? Why? Explain your answer for all methods by using the figure below. (2) Ifthe reservoir is carbonate with wide pore size distribution and oil viscosity is | ep. please lst at least S ‘methods to improve its water flooding Sweep Efficiency. Explain your answer for all methods by using the figure below. "ie one [Typical ndaoe] Nonwetting residual saturation 8 107 wt 10% 10+ 10? w?1 Mobility-visous fingering 2+ 3D Water Coning 3+ 2D Water Coning 4+ High residual oil saturation reservoirs 3+ Heavy oil Reservoirs ‘Bz Present the main advantages and disadvantages for each EOR method: 1- Polymer flooding 2. In-situ combustion 3- Steam flooding 4 C88 5+ SAGD Examiner Good Luck Head of Department Xe Dheiaa Alfarge, PhD