SAFETY, HEALTH AND

ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS
POWER

PRE-PROGRAMME ADMINISTRATION
HOUSE KEEPING

PROGRAMME ADMINISTRATION

Mobile Phone

Facilities

Fire Exit

Fire Alarm

Course Duration.

3
REGISTRATION PROCESS

Training

Testing

EUSR Registration.

PROGRAMME

The Safety, Health and Environmental

Awareness, or SHEA Power scheme is
designed for all persons who require access
to operational sites within the power industry,
both permanent and temporary, including all
levels of operatives, supervisors and
management.

PROGRAMME STRUCTURE

Module 1: Power generation and distribution

Module 2: Understanding our workplace responsibilities
Module 3: Understanding the effects of our work on the environment
Module 4: Identifying and controlling risks
Module 5: Common hazards in the workplace
Module 6: Occupational health hazards
Module 7: Power industry hazards
Module 8: Responding to emergencies.

6
 POWER GENERATION AND
DISTRIBUTION
MODULE 1

At the end of this session you will

know and understand the following:

• Various forms of power generation

• Electricity generation, transmission and
OBJECTIVES
MODULE 3 distribution
• Network components and different
voltages.

POWER GENERATION

HOW IS
ELECTRICITY
GENERATED?

9
POWER GENERATION

10

OTHER FORMS OF POWER GENERATION

Wind Solar Tidal

Geothermal Bio/Anaerobic Digestion Nuclear

11

ELECTRICITY GENERATION

Comparison of electricity generated in 2015 and 2016:

Coal
9.1% Oil and
other

Renewables
How is electricity
Coal
22.3% Renewables
2.9%

24.6%
transmitted
Oil and and
24.4%

2015
2015 distributedother
2016
Nuclear
2.8% to the2016
Nuclear
20.7% Gas
29.5%
consumer? 21.2%
Gas
42.4%

Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, March 2017.

12
ELECTRICITY GENERATION
TRANSMISSION NETWORK &
DISTRIBUTION

13

POWER GENERATION
HIGH VOLTAGE AND LOW VOLTAGE

STEP UP TRANSMISSION
GENERATION
TRANSFORMER NETWORK

Overhead Lines
Power Substation
Power Station Underground Cables
High Voltage: 275kV or
High Voltage: 25kV High Voltage: 275kV
400kV
or 400kV

STEP DOWN DISTRIBUTION

TRANSFORMER CUSTOMERS
NETWORK
Primary Substation Distribution Substation
Grid Supply (GSP) Overhead Lines Overhead Lines
Substation Underground Cables Underground Cables
High Voltage: 132kV High Voltage: 33kV Low Voltage:
and 11kV 400/230V.
14

POWER GENERATION
TRANSMISSION NETWORK

Who can name the

Transmission Network
Operators in the UK?

Courtesy of Energy Networks Association

15
 POWER GENERATION
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK

Who can name the

Distribution Network
Operators in the UK?

Courtesy of Energy Networks Association

16

POWER DISTRIBUTION
NETWORK COMPONENTS

URBAN RURAL

17

POWER DISTRIBUTION
HIGH VOLTAGE AND LOW VOLTAGE

All voltages below 1kV

(1,000 Volts) are classed as
Low Voltage (LV).

Anything above this is classed as

High Voltage (HV).

LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT MEAN SAFE. ELECTRICITY IS

DANGEROUS AT ANY VOLTAGE 18
POWER
NETWORK COMPONENTS

275/400kV Substation

275kV overhead mast 132kV substations

11kV cable
and busbars

230/400v
O/Head
230v Consumer Unit.
LV
network
19

RECAP

 How power is generated

 The various forms of power generation
 The journey from power generation to transmission and distribution of
electricity across the network
 Voltages at various stages of transmission and distribution across the
UK network
 The transmission network operators in the UK
 The distribution network operators (DNOs) in the UK
 Types of network components found in urban, semi-rural and rural
settings.

20

MODULE COMPLETE
PLEASE PROCEED TO THE ASSESSMENT.
 UNDERSTANDING OUR WORKPLACE
RESPONSIBILITIES
MODULE 2

At the end of this session you

will know and understand:

OBJECTIVES
MODULE 3 • Our workplace responsibilities.

WHY SHOULD WE MANAGE

HEALTH, SAFETY & THE ENVIRONMENT?

MORAL REASONS

FINANCIAL REASONS

WHY?

LEGAL REASONS.
3
HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK ETC
ACT (1974)

? Management of Health and Regulations

?
Safety at Work
Approved Code of Practice
Manual Handling
Company Code of Practice
Working at Height
Guidance Notes
COSHH

? PUWER
LOLER ?
CONSTRUCTION, DESIGN
Who has duties under CDM, and
AND MANAGEMENT
what are they?
REGULATIONS 2015 4

ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION
WHAT’S COVERED?

AIR
WASTE &
POLLUTION.

LAND

ANIMALS

WATER

PLANTS
5

EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITIES
HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK ETC ACT
(1974)

Monitoring & Continuous Improvement.

Safe Place of Work Training

Personal Protective
Plant & Equipment
Equipment

Safety Policy and

Welfare Facilities Safety Management
System

6
SAFETY POLICY AND SAFETY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

SAFETY POLICY

Lays down the approach to health and safety by the organisation

SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Details the company actions and procedures in order to meet the requirements of
the safety policy

EMPLOYER EMPLOYEE

• Make aware of policy • Comply with the requirements of the

safety management system.
• Inform employees on their roles &
responsibilities in complying with
safety management systems
7

EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES

• Comply with Safe Systems of Work

• Consider the safety of yourself and What kind of behaviours are

others positive within a work
• Behave appropriately environment?

CONSEQUENCES
RIPPLE EFFECT
Long term health
Relationships
problems.
damaged

Injury
Lose job
caused

Prison Reputation
& Fines affected
9
 CONSEQUENCES
FINES AND PRISON

Employee spotted by a member of the Sentenced to 6 months imprisonment,

public, the individual was working fined £1,400 and was ordered to pay
unsafely on scaffold at a construction costs of £2,939
site in central Manchester

Supervisor filmed allowing workers to Sentenced to 6 months imprisonment,

enter an asbestos enclosure without fined £1,500 and was ordered to pay
any face masks or protective clothing costs of £3,000

Employee found to have illegally burnt Three employees fined £25,419

waste wood between the three of them

UNLIMITED FINE + UP TO 2 YEARS IMPRISONMENT

ENFORCEMENT

Regulators Functions

• Provide advice and assistance

• Health & Safety Executive
• Environment Agency • Enforce health & safety and
• Scottish Environmental Protection environmental legislation
Agency
• Investigate & seize
• Natural Resources Wales
• Northern Ireland Environment • Issue Enforcement notices
Agency
• Prosecute

YOU MUST COOPERATE WITH AND ASSIST ENFORCEMENT INSPECTORS

1117

RECAP

• Why it is important to manage health & safety at work

• Health & Safety at Work Act (1974)
• Principles of Construction Design Management (2015)
• Environmental Legislation, e.g. Environmental Protection Act (1990)
• Employer responsibilities
• How health & safety is managed in the workplace
• Employee responsibilities
• Consequences of getting it wrong
• Regulators, e.g. HSE & Environment Agencies.

12
MODULE COMPLETE
PLEASE PROCEED TO THE ASSESSMENT.
 UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECTS OF
OUR WORK ON THE ENVIRONMENT
MODULE 3

At the end of this session you will

know and understand the following:

• Understanding our workplace

environment
OBJECTIVES
MODULE 3 • Managing waste
• Sustaining our workplace environment.

OUR ENVIRONMENT

How does your work affect the

environment?

3
OUR ENVIRONMENT
WHAT IS AFFECTED?

Trees, Plants, Flora

Animals, Wildlife, Fauna

Lakes, Rivers, Streams, Ground

Water

Archaeology

Air

People 4

OUR ENVIRONMENT
CAUSE & APPROACH

Noise Smoke/Dust Energy Use

• Affect air quality &

• Monitor noise levels
• Irritation to humans
• Noise reduction
• Disturb local wildlife
methods
• Impair air quality
• Monitor and control ecosystems
• Affect humans • Energy Conservation
• Dampening • Light pollution
• Contain contaminants
• Climate change

Spills, Oils &

Ground Works Waste Disposal
Hazardous Liquids

• Identify the source

Contaminate land • Follow method
• Disturbing habitation
• Stem the water
Threaten flow statement/permits • Let’s explore
Potential for this
• Disturbing
• Prevent
courses,itwildlife
spreading
and • Report archaeological Contamination
further
• Report
plants the Incident archaeology
finds
5

OUR ENVIRONMENT
MANAGING WASTE

Reduce

Reuse
Segregation.
Recycle

Responsible Disposal

6
OUR ENVIRONMENT
SEGREGATING WASTE

Waste Oil for recycling, Some Batteries,

A WHITE AND RED DIAMOND SHOWS
Oils, Diesel, Pipe-coating, Pesticides,
THAT THE MATERIAL IS HAZARDOUS
Asbestos

Wood, Metal, Paper and Plastic

HAZARDOUS
NON-
HAZARDOUS Bricks and Rubble

INERT

OUR ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT (1990)

“All hazardous materials must be stored, handled,

used and disposed of with particular care as they
possess the potential to cause damage or harm to the
environment”

ENSURE COSHH ASSESSMENTS ARE OBTAINED AND COMPLIED TO WHEN

USING OR DISPOSING OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. FOLLOW COMPANY
8
PROCEDURES.

OUR ENVIRONMENT
HIGH RISK AREAS

• Bulk and drum storage tanks

• Chemical storage areas

• Waste storage areas

• Wash down areas

• Workshops

• Drains

• Plant oil changing.

9
 OUR ENVIRONMENT
WHAT IS WRONG IN THIS PICTURE?

Do Do not

• Use correct signage • Dispose of waste in any drain, ditch,

• Keep site clean and tidy stream or watercourse

• Burn any waste on site or in the

• Cover skips and containers where
necessary. construction yard

• Hazardous waste should be stored in

line with company policy.

10

OUR ENVIRONMENT
THE IMPORTANCE

GETTING IT RIGHT GETTING IT WRONG

• Can cause upset and illness in the

• Protects the environment for future
generations community
• Is the right and responsible thing to • Increases pollution
do
• Saves your company money • Can kill plants and animals
• Improves your reputation • Can lead to prosecution
• Ensures legal compliance

YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

YOU ARE WORKING IN 11

RECAP

• Awareness of how work activity can impact the environment

• The common causes of environmental damage, e.g. noise, dust, energy
use, etc, and their impact
• The approach to take to prevent harm to the environment
• The different types of waste, what they are and how we manage them
• The Environmental Protection Act (1990) and its purpose
• High risk areas for hazardous materials and substances
• Good and poor environmental management and its impact.

12
MODULE COMPLETE
PLEASE PROCEED TO THE ASSESSMENT.
 IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING
RISKS
MODULE 4

At the end of this session you will

know and understand the following:

• Identifying risks
• Controlling risks.
OBJECTIVES
MODULE 3

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

AT WORK REGULATIONS (1999)

HAZARD RISK
Something with the How great is the
potential to cause chance that someone
harm or something will be
harmed by the hazard.

3
 IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING RISKS
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

WORKING NATURAL
PEOPLE EQUIPMENT MATERIALS
ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT

Communication Glare Gas Heat / Cold Oil Spills

Inexperience Noise Smoke Ventilation Waste
Disability Electricity Chemicals Lighting Pollution
Stress Sharp Edges Toxicity Air Quality Dust
Attitude Moving Parts Dust Height / Depth Noise
Concentration Weight of Load Fire Trip Hazards Plants
Behaviour Sparks Pressure Space Animals
Capability Condition Cable Weather Water Courses.
Authorisation Certification Access / Egress
4

IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING RISKS

HAZARDS, NEAR MISSES & ACCIDENTS

HAZARD NEAR MISS ACCIDENT

An unplanned event at Any unplanned event

Anything that could
cause potential damage
or harm
work which could have
caused personal injury,
disruption and damage to
plant, property or
systems
which has resulted in
injury, disruption and or
damage to plant, property
or systems.
5

IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING RISKS

HOW SIGNIFICANT IS THE RISK?

How likely is ‘it’ to happen?

LIKELIHOOD

How often could it

happen?

FREQUENCY SEVERITY
How severe
is the
outcome?

6
IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING RISKS
ASSESSING RISK

HOW GREAT
SPOT A
IS THE
HAZARD
RISK?

IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING RISKS

RISK ASSESSMENT

IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING RISKS

HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

Elimination

Reduce

Isolate

Control

Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)

9
IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING RISKS
SAFE SYSTEMS OF WORK

Risk Assessment Method Statement Permit to Work

• Roles and
• Job Location responsibilities
• Hazard Identification
• Plant Identification • Precautions
• Control Measures
• Description of tasks necessary
• Legal Requirement
and limitations • Authorisation and
acceptance.
10

ELIMINATION OF HAZARDS
HOUSEKEEPING

• Remember, keep site clean and tidy

• Ensure material and plant storage areas are properly managed
• Clear up spillages promptly
• Return equipment to its rightful place – don’t just dump it
• Maintain measures to reduce dust
• Keep noise to a minimum

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING CAN PREVENT A HAZARD CAUSING HARM

11

IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING RISKS

WARNING SIGNS

PROHIBITION WARNING

MANDATORY INFORMATION.
12
 LAST LINE OF DEFENCE
TYPES OF PPE?

1 2 3

4 5 6

13

LAST LINE OF DEFENCE

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Employee Responsibilities Employer Responsibilities

• You MUST use PPE!
• Use in accordance with
information and training received
• Look after the PPE and report
loss or defect promptly
• Return PPE to its storage place
when not in use
• Assess suitability of PPE
• Assess compatibility of PPE
• Provide PPE free of charge
• Provide maintenance and
replacement of PPE
• Provide storage information
training, instruction and
supervision
• Competence check

IF IN DOUBT, SPEAK TO YOUR SUPERVISOR

14

RECAP

• Understand what we mean by a hazard, risk, ‘near-miss’, accident and other

relevant safety terms
• Hazard identification associated with resources, behaviours, equipment,
materials, working environment, natural environment
• Principles behind risk reduction methods
• The 5 step approach to risk assessment and management of systems
• The hierarchy of control
• Safe systems of work, e.g. risk assessment, method statement and permits
to work
• Reasons for and features of good housekeeping
• Signage used in the working environment
• Employer and Employee responsibilities relating to Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE).
15
MODULE COMPLETE
PLEASE PROCEED TO THE ASSESSMENT.
 COMMON HAZARDS IN THE
WORKPLACE
MODULE 5

At the end of this session you will

know and understand the following:

• Transport risks
• PUWER
OBJECTIVES
MODULE 3 • Avoiding other services
• Undertaking excavations
• Working at height
• LOLER.

HEALTH AND SAFETY GONE MAD? YOU

DECIDE

3
 USING A VEHICLE
DO YOU KNOW YOUR
COMPANY POLICY?

USING A VEHICLE
SAFETY PROVISIONS

Fire Wash Basin or

First Aid Kit Secure Load Seat Belts
Extinguishers Hand Wipes

How many can you

list?

CHECK YOUR COMPANY POLICY TO ENSURE YOU ARE FOLLOWING THE

CORRECT GUIDELINES! 5

TRANSPORT RISKS
THE IMPORTANCE OF REGULAR VEHICLE
CHECKS

• Vehicles must be in a good state of repair

• Drivers should complete start-up safety checks before using the vehicle

• Other periodic checks will be required

• Preventative maintenance helps avoid failures during use

• Your employer may have their own daily check list for vehicles

• Follow HSE guidelines for Vehicle Inspection, Maintenance and Repair

WHAT ARE THE POTENTIAL RISKS

IF YOU DON'T CARRY OUT VEHICLE CHECKS? 6
 TRANSPORT RISKS
BEFORE ENTERING A VEHICLE

Considerations for you and your colleagues before driving:

• Medically fit
• Fatigue
• Eye test
• Medication
• Alcohol intake
• Drug use
• Competence
• Authorisation

STOP! THINK! CONSIDER THE CONSEQUENCES BEFORE YOU DRIVE!

7

USING A VEHICLE
CONSIDERATIONS WHEN DRIVING

Travelling to, from and around site

• Weight or Width Limitations
• Bridges (weight or height limits)
• Services Overhead or Underground
• Location of High Risk Areas (e.g. Schools)
• Other Users
• Accident Black Spots
• Weather Conditions

REMEMBER – REVERSING IS DANGEROUS – BE CAREFUL!

8

USING A VEHICLE
DOs AND DON’Ts OF SAFETY

Do Don’t
• Wear a seat belt • Use your mobile phone
• Report accidents • Carry unauthorised passengers
• Use reversing assistant as per • Take pets to work
company policy • Allow anyone to ride on the
• Be aware of other road users and outside of the vehicle
pedestrians • Smoke in the vehicle
• Report defects • Drink alcohol or take drugs at
work and consider the night before

ALL PROBLEMS MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY!

9
PROVISION & USE OF WORK
EQUIPMENT REGULATIONS (PUWER)
1998

PUWER 98 is a set of 30 regulations made by the Health and Safety

Executive (HSE) that protect the manufacturers and end-users of machinery
and work equipment. For each piece of machinery/work equipment, it covers:

• Its initial integrity

• The place where it will be used
• The purpose for which it will be used
• To be used only by competent and authorised people

The scope of work equipment that falls under PUWER is extremely wide.

ALWAYS REPORT DEFECTS IMMEDIATELY

PROVISION & USE OF WORK EQUIPMENT

REGULATIONS 1998 (PUWER)

Employer Duties: Employee Duties:

• Ensure equipment provided is fit for
purpose
• Plant certification
• Inspection by a competent person
• Maintenance of vehicles &
appropriate records
• Ensure operators are competent to
operate the equipment
• Maintain safe working practices
• To use work equipment in the manner for
which it is intended
• Comply with company policy & processes
• Do not use unless competent to do so
• Use correct tools (avoid shortcuts)
• Report damaged and defective tools.

CHECK YOUR METHOD STATEMENT – IF IN DOUBT, ASK!

11

WORK EQUIPMENT AND HAZARDS

What are some hazards associated with powered work equipment?

• Glare • Sparks
• Noise • Condition
• Electricity • Certification
• Sharp Edges • Dust
• Moving Parts • Oil
• Weight of Load • Whole Body Vibration/HAVs.

12
 PORTABLE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
INSPECTION

All electrical equipment must be

visually inspected for damage.

Check your company’s policy on

inspections and frequency. A visual inspection can
What should you inspect
detect about 95% of faults
for?
or damage

DO NOT CARRY OUT MAKESHIFT REPAIRS. DAMAGED EQUIPMENT MUST BE

TAKEN OUT OF SERVICE AS SOON AS THE DAMAGE IS NOTICED 13

TYPES OF UNDERGROUND SERVICE

Communication Cables

Electricity Cables

Gas Pipeline

Water Mains

Oil Product Lines

Sewers and Drains.

14
-14-

HOW TO LOCATE UNDERGROUND SERVICES

SAFELY
HSG 47 REQUIREMENTS

• ‘Linesearch’ • Contact with third party service provider

• Take note of your surroundings • Utility drawings
• Dig safely • CAT and Genny
• Use the right equipment • Trial holes
• Look at street furniture for signs of any • Support / protection
services/ damage
• Signage
• Dial before you dig

REMEMBER NEVER RELY ON PLANS OR CAT AND GENNY ALONE, ALWAYS DIG
TRIAL HOLES! 15
-15-
 DANGERS OF UNDERGROUND
SERVICES

Suspecting Danger

Electricity

Natural Gas

Telecoms

Water Pipes/Sewers

Be Alert.
16

AVOIDING OVERHEAD SERVICES GS6

• Remove risk if possible

• Consult the owner to see if the line can be temporarily diverted/switched off
• Plan and consult before and in line with GS6
• Measure the height using non-contact devices – trained person!
• Manage the risks if working within the clearance zone

ALWAYS ASSUME THAT A POWER LINE IS LIVE UNLESS THE OWNER HAS
CONFIRMED OTHERWISE 17

AREAS OF SPECIAL RISK

Can you name any other areas?

ANY WORKS TO TAKE PLACE IN THE VICINITY OF AREAS OF SPECIAL RISK MUST BE DONE
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE THIRD PARTY OPERATOR 18
 EXCAVATIONS
HAZARDS AND CONTROL MEASURES

STRIKING OTHER
CAT AND GENNY
SERVICES

HAZARDS CONTROLS
GROUND TRENCH
COLLAPSE SUPPORT

FALLING INTO
TRENCHES BATTERING BACK

Can you think of any others? Can you think of any others?
FOR INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS, PLEASE SEE YOUR COMPANY’S HEALTH &
SAFETY
Have you experienced any RESPONSIBLE
yourself? Have youPERSON
had to organise control measures?

CONFINED SPACES

Any space in which, by virtue of its enclosed nature, there arises a reasonably
foreseeable specified risk.

Any place can become a confined space under certain conditions.

Can you think of examples of confined spaces?

ONLY THOSE WHO ARE TRAINED, COMPETENT AND AUTHORISED MAY

ENTER A CONFINED SPACE 20
-20-

CONFINED SPACES:
HAZARDS

Fire Explosion

Loss of
Asphyxiation
Consciousness

Drowning

THESE MAY OCCUR SINGULARLY OR IN COMBINATION

21
WORKING AT HEIGHT
THE WORK AT HEIGHT REGULATIONS (2005)

A workplace, where if measures required by the regulations were not taken, a

person could fall a distance liable to cause personal injury.

REMEMBER, WORKING AT HEIGHT CAN MEAN WORKING AT

THE TOP OF AN EXCAVATION, TOWER, TANK, MANHOLE OR CHAMBER 22
-22-

WORK AT HEIGHT REGULATIONS (2005)

THREE KEY STAGES

If Possible, Avoid The Need To Work At Height

If Unavoidable Risk Remains

Guard Rails Safety Lines
Working Platforms Harness
Vertical Ladders Airbags
Scaffold Nets

SCAFFOLD MUST BE INSPECTED BY A COMPETENT PERSON

WORK AT HEIGHT REGULATIONS (2005)

HAZARDS, FACTORS AND CONTROL
MEASURES

HAZARDS

Ladder use/stability
Overhead Powerlines
FACTORS
Fragile Roofs
Workplace Housekeeping

Weather Conditions
CONTROLS
Work duration
Personal Safety
Area Safety Use ladders appropriately
Maintain specified
distances
Effective housekeeping
Safe systems of working.
LIFTING OPERATIONS & LIFTING
EQUIPMENT REGULATIONS (1998)

Make sure a safe system

WHAT IS LOLER? of work is in place
PLANNING

SUPERVISION COMPETENCY

Appoint a competent person

IF IN DOUBT… ASK!
25

HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH

LIFTING/MOVING EQUIPMENT

• Crushing (for example, from falling structures)

• Falling from vehicles and platforms

• Collision/impacts of mobile lifting equipment

• Overturning and overloading

• Failure of lifting equipment during lifting mode.

26

OPERATING MOBILE PLANT SAFELY

TRAINING AND INSPECTIONS

All operators of contractors’ plant must receive:

• Adequate basic training
• Specific job training
• Job familiarisation training

DID YOU KNOW?

There is no HSE Approved Code of Practice for training plant operators other
than lift truck operators but there is still a legal duty for every employer to ensure
that their employees are adequately trained for the machinery they operate
(Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 regulation 9). 27
RECAP (1)

• Using a vehicle and knowing your company policy

• The importance of regular vehicle checks
• Risks from transport both to and from work and whilst at work
• The meaning and importance of safe, courteous driving and parking
• Responsibilities of employers and employees under PUWER
• Hazards and controls associated with the use of work equipment
• Basic checks required prior to operating portable electrical tools
• Types of underground services and how to locate underground services
safely
• Working with gas, water or electricity services and possible hazards
• Hazards of markers being used as an indicator of the position of
underground services.

28

RECAP (2)

• Safely moving mobile plant around in the vicinity of overhead lines

• Areas of special risk
• Hazards associated with excavations and control measures
• Confined spaces definition, who can enter and potential hazards
• Definition of working at height
• Basic principles of work at height regulations
• Hazards associated with working at height
• Controlling hazards associated with working at height
• LOLER, control measures and responsibilities
• Hazards associated with lifting/moving equipment
• Operating mobile plant safely and the need for specific training and
inspections.

29

MODULE COMPLETE
PLEASE PROCEED TO THE ASSESSMENT.
 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS
MODULE 6

At the end of this session you will

know and understand the following:

• The meaning and purpose of

occupational health in the workplace
OBJECTIVES
MODULE 3 • Physical health hazards
• Chemical health hazards
• Biological health hazards
• Psychosocial health hazards.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

What is it?
Heat
Sun stroke
Physical Asbestos
Noise
Welding
Leptospirosis
Occupational (Weil’s
Fumes
health disease)
concerns the
Stress
Radiant energy
protection and Hepatitis
promotion
Dusts e.g. of the health
silica
Chemical Long hours
Vibration
of Typhoid
persons
Solventsat work
Unmanageable
Electric workload.
shock
Tetanus
Radiation
Manual Handling
Biological
Repetitive Strain

Psychosocial

3
CHRISTOPHER MORGANS STORY
ASBESTOS

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

EMPLOYER? Who in your

organisation is
EMPLOYEE? responsible?
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH?

THE MANUAL HANDLING OPERATIONS

REGULATIONS (1992)

Potential injuries or ill health: Mechanical Lifting Aids:

• Cuts
• Hoists
• Fractures
• Cranes
• Musculoskeletal disorders
• Wheelbarrow
• Manhole lifting frame
Considerations:
• Flagstone lifter
Task
Individual
This list is not exhaustive
Load
Environment

MECHANICAL AIDS ARE YOUR FIRST OPTION IF YOU HAVE TO LIFT

6
 THE CONTROL OF NOISE AT WORK
REGULATIONS (2005)

NOISE is unwanted sound and CAUSES:

DISTRACTION
IRRITATION
STRESS
DEAFNESS.

NOISE AT WORK
ACTION LEVELS

Inform employees of risk and make Inform employees of risks and make
hearing protection available sure hearing protection is worn

FIRST SECOND
ACTION ACTION
LEVEL LEVEL
80dB (A) 85dB (A)

CAN YOU HOLD A CONVERSATION WITH SOMEBODY 6 FEET (2 METRES) AWAY,

WITHOUT HAVING TO RAISE YOUR VOICE? 8

EQUIPMENT NOISE LEVELS

PLANT & EQUIPMENT

OTHER SOUND PRESSURE

EQUIPMENT
EXAMPLES AT EAR dB (A)
You will need hearing Eardrum
Stihl Saw
Rupture 150+
110
protection when you
Jet JCB
Engine 108
140
use this equipment.
Vibrating
Jack Hammer
Roller 105
130
Vehicle
Road Saw
Horn 105
110
The Risk Assessment will
describe what type is Rack
LawnFeed
Mower
Borer 102
90
needed. Alarm
Whacker
Clock 100
80
Diesel
Vacuum Generator
Cleaner 94
70
1 Tool
Quiet
Compressor
Library 94
40

EMPLOYERS REDUCE RISK OF HEARING DAMAGE TO LOWEST LEVEL,

MAINTAIN MEASUREMENTS & PROVIDE HEARING PROTECTION 9
 HAND ARM VIBRATIONS (HAVs)

What is it?
Can set off when hands are cold and
It could affect
Keep those
warm of you who
CAN wet (VWF)
DAMAGE
Effects regularlyThe
useamount of vibration
high-vibration equipment
Wear warm gloves and extra clothing
Finger tips become white
The length of time
Do notVessels
Blood smoke
Early Signs Numbness,
HAVS is a mayof
range get ‘Pins & Needles’
conditions
How you use the tool such as:
Exercise your hands
Nerves in the and
finger fingers to
Unable to grip things properly
How
improve cold it is flow
blood
Risk Factors Muscles &Finger
Vibration
Loss in White
Bones(VWF)
strength in hands
Carpal Monitor
Tunnel; use
Syndrome
Whiteness changes to deep red flush
Prevention

REPORT ANY DEFECTIVE MACHINERY IMMEDIATELY.

10

WHOLE BODY VIBRATION

The shaking or jolting of the human body

through a supporting surface.
CAUSES:
PREVENTION:
• Driving or riding on a vehicle along rough
• Report defects
or uneven terrain
• Operating earth moving machines • Right tool for the job

• Standing on a vibrating surface • Task rotation and monitoring

EFFECTS: • Keep tools in good working order

• Fatigue • H&S training
• Stomach problems
• Headache
• Loss of balance
• Shakiness

REPORT ANY DEFECTIVE MACHINERY IMMEDIATELY

11
-11-

SUNLIGHT
RISKS AND CONTROLS

Symptoms
• Excessive sweating
Symptoms
• Stops sweating
• Vomiting Heat Sun
• Confusion
• Headaches Exhaustion Stroke
• Feeling faint • Disorientation
• Cramps

•
Drink small amounts
• Place person in a
of water frequently
shaded area
Prevention •
Cover skin Treatment
• Seek urgent
•
Use sunscreen
medical attention
•
Avoid caffeinated
drinks
SUN BURN BEING THE BIGGEST RISK, IN SOME CASES CAUSES SKIN CANCER!
12
 DISPLAY SCREEN EQUIPMENT (DSE)
CONSIDERATIONS

• Screen position
• Posture & seating
• Leg position
• Length of time on unit
• Screen intensity
• Environmental conditions.

DOES YOUR COMPANY HAVE A POLICY

FOR HANDHELD PORTABLE DEVICES? 13
.

CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES
HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH
COSHH: WHAT IS COVERED?

Additional Examples
• Cement These substances
What hazardous
• Paints WHAT HAZARDOUS
COSHH covers
substances can be can:
• Solvents substances SUBSTANCES
which can DO
found in the work that
cause ill healthYOU USE?
• Oils you do? • Be used directly in work
• Grease • Arise from the work
• Biohazards • Occur naturally

A RISK ASSESSMENT SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT

14

CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES
HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH
IDENTIFICATION

Flammable Oxidising Toxic Corrosive Explosive

Health Harmful to the Serious Health Gas under

Hazard environment Hazard pressure

ALWAYS CHECK THE LABEL!

15
 CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES
HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH (COSHH)
EFFECTS

Environmental impact Respiratory problems

Infections Skin irritation

Potential effects of
hazardous substances

Burns Poisoning

Occupational cancers Death

WHAT SHOULD YOU DO IF THERE IS NO LABEL?
16

BIOHAZARDS

Not all biohazards will be labelled:

• Leptospirosis (Weil’s Disease)
• Hepatitis
• Typhoid
• Tetanus
• Discarded sharps
• Human waste may be present

ALWAYS OBSERVE GOOD HYGIENE PRACTICES, DO NOT EAT, DRINK OR SMOKE

UNLESS IN DESIGNATED AREAS AND ENSURE YOU WASH YOUR HANDS 17

HYGIENE PRACTICES
CLOTHING, VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT

Vehicles should be kept as internally and externally clean as possible.

Equipment that must be kept as clean as possible:

• Clothing

• Vehicles

• Tools

• Fittings

18
HYGIENE PRACTICES
CLEAN HANDS

19

ILLNESS & INFECTION

ROUTES OF ENTRY

Injection Ingestion

Inhalation Absorption.

20

ILLNESS & INFECTION

CONTROLLING AND PPE

Control Measures should be put in place to control the risk from illness and
infections

What PPE do you have available?

Gloves Masks Eye Wear.

21
PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK FACTORS

Psychosocial risk factors are things that may affect workers'

psychological
The following response
are ways to
of addressing
their work and
a range
workplace
of psychosocial
conditions
risk factors:with supervisors and
(including working relationships
colleagues).

High Workloads
Mental Health Emotional
Tight Deadlines
wellbeing

Working
LackTime
of Control
Directive Work/Life
Stress
Balance

Welfare
Alcohol
Provision Managing
DrugsStress.

22

RECAP (1)

• The meaning of occupational health in the workplace

• Examples of different kinds of occupational health hazards
• Roles and responsibilities of occupational health officer/team
• Responsibilities of employer and employee
• Manual handling as a hazard
• Noise as a hazard
• Signs and effects of hand arm and whole body vibration
• Working in direct sunlight
• Effective use of display screen equipment.

23

RECAP (2)

• Risk assessments through COSHH

• Identification of and effects on health of hazardous substances
• Types of biohazard
• The importance of personal hygiene
• Routes of entry for illness and infection
• Psychosocial health hazards.

24
MODULE COMPLETE
PLEASE PROCEED TO THE ASSESSMENT.
 POWER INDUSTRY HAZARDS
MODULE 7

At the end of this session you will

know and understand the following:

• The purpose of electricity safety rules

• Hazards associated with electricity
OBJECTIVES
MODULE 3 • The purpose of written authorisations
(DNO and Company)
• Control measures when working with
electricity.

WHY SHOULD WE MANAGE HEALTH AND

SAFETY?

MORAL REASONS

FINANCIAL REASONS

REMEMBER?

LEGAL REASONS

ENVIRONMENTAL.
3
 THE LEGAL STATUTES STRUCTURE

Electricity Act (1989)

The Electricity at Work Regulations

(1989)

The Electrical Safety

Quality & Continuity
Regulations (2002)

Approved
CoP

Guidance Notes

SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS [DSRs]

LEGISLATION
ELECTRICTY ACT (1989)

This act is the main piece of

legislation from which ensures
electricity is generated, distributed,
transmitted and supplied safely to the
consumer

All employers and employees have a

responsibility to ensure the safety of
the public, themselves and others
involved in electricity related
activities.

LEGISLATION
THE ELECTRICITY AT WORK REGULATIONS
(1989)

The Electricity at Work The regulations impose

Regulations (1989) imposes
health and safety requirements
and duties for employers and
employees with respect to
electricity at work
restrictions on those who may
be engaged in work activities
where technical knowledge or
experience is necessary to
prevent danger or injury

IF IN DOUBT, SPEAK TO YOUR SUPERVISOR

6
LEGISLATION
THE ELETRICAL SAFETY QUALITY &
CONTINUITY REGULATIONS (2002)

These regulations require: These standards and requirements

are imposed upon network
• Safety standards aimed at
operators and network owners to
protecting the general public and
ensure safety, quality and continuity
consumers from danger
of electricity supplied to consumers.
• Power quality and supply
continuity requirements to
ensure electricity is supplied
efficiently and economically to
consumers

ALL WORK ACTIVITIES MUST COMPLY WITH THE COMPANY SAFETY

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 7

SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (SMS)

SMS are specific to each They cover employer and employee

Distribution Network Operator responsibilities in terms of safety
(DNO) Asset Owner/Contractor but rules, systems, procedures and
are written to achieve safety from documentation, such as Permit to
the system (electricity network) Work and written authorisations

They will relate to The Electricity at For example: MOCoPA

Work Regulations (1989) and The
Electricity Safety Quality &
Continuity Regulations (2002)

A COPY OF THE SAFETY RULES ARE SUPPLIED EITHER AS PART OF AN

INDUCTION OR BEFORE AUTHORISATION TO WORK ON THE SYSTEM. 8

WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY

WHAT HAZARDS WOULD YOU

FIND WORKING WITH POWER?

EQUIPMENT MUST ALWAYS BE TREATED AS LIVE

UNLESS PROVEN AND CONFIRMED NOT LIVE 9
WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY
LIVE, CHARGED OR NOT LIVE

CONNECTED TO A POWER SUPPLY

HAS STORED ENERGY

LIVE
ISOLATED FROM A POWER
CHARGED SUPPLY AND HAS NO
STORED ENERGY
NOT LIVE

10

WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY

LIVE, CHARGED OR NOT LIVE

HOW CAN YOU TELL IF

EQUIPMENT IS LIVE, CHARGED
OR NOT LIVE?

EQUIPMENT MUST ALWAYS BE TREATED AS LIVE

UNLESS PROVEN AND CONFIRMED NOT LIVE 11

WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY

LIVE, CHARGED OR NOT LIVE

12
 WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH ELECTRICITY

Muscular
Tissue Contractions
damage
Shock
Shock
OrganSeizures
damage
Burns
Respiratory
Eye
Eye damage
damagefailure
Shock
Burns Arrhythmia/Cardiac
Restriction of airways
Hearing damage arrest
Secondary
Burns incident
Vein/Artery as a result of
(tissue/Organs)
damage
Explosive
impairedblast (Arc
balance, Blast): break
e.g. falling
bones, damage
Nerve
Electrocution
damage organs
Arcing Minor burns
Entry and Heat
Infection
exit wounds
Fire
Amputation
Death
Induced/Impressed Voltages

ONE OR A COMBINATION OF THESE HAZARDS COULD RESULT IN DEATH

13

WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY

ELEMENTS OF IMPRESSED VOLTAGE

Energy Source Coupling Mechanism Receptor

Capacitive Conductors /
(Electric fields)
cables
OHL Inductive
(Magnetic fields) Scaffold
Under ground
cables Trapped charge Metallic fencing
(Stored energy)
Busbar Conductive Plant & equipment
coupling YOU
(Transferred potential)

14

THE PURPOSE OF WRITTEN

AUTHORISATIONS

Written authorisation is used to detail

the type of work an individual is
permitted (authorised) to carry out COMPETENT PERSON
through an assessment of
competence
AUTHORISED PERSON
Each company (Asset
Owner/Contractor) has its own set of
authorisations covering the SENIOR AUTHORISED
competencies required for a specific PERSON
type of work on the network.
Examples are:

YOU SHALL ONLY CARRY OUT WORK WITHIN YOUR WRITTEN AUTHORISATION
15
 WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

CONTROL

PPE

ERIC-PD
REDUCE

ISOLATE

ELIMINATE

DISCIPLINE

WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY

CONTROL MEASURES

Risk Assessment and Method Statements

Safety Management System

Compliance with safety rules and

procedures
Treat as live unless proven otherwise
Demarcation / Safe Working Area /
Exclusion Zones/Safety Distance
What elements of a safe
system of work prevent an
electrical incident?

Supervision, instruction, safety documents

Isolation of equipment

Earthing of equipment

PPE.
17

WORKING WITH ELECTRICITY

CONTROL MEASURES

THE ELECTRICITY AT WORK “No person shall be engaged in any

REGULATIONS (1989) work activity where technical
knowledge or experience is
REGULATION 16 – PERSONS TO necessary to prevent danger or,
BE COMPETENT TO PREVENT where appropriate, injury, unless he
DANGER AND INJURY possesses such knowledge or
experience, or is under such degree
of supervision as may be appropriate
having regard to the nature of the
work”.

18
RECAP

• The purpose of electrical safety rules

• The hazards associated with electricity
• The purpose of written authorisation
• Control measures in place when working with
electricity.

19

MODULE COMPLETE
PLEASE PROCEED TO THE ASSESSMENT.
 RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES
MODULE 8

At the end of this session you will

know and understand the following:

• Practising emergency response

procedures and reporting
OBJECTIVES
MODULE 3 • Roles and responsibilities within
investigation and enforcement
• Exploring the impact on employee and
employer.

NEAR-MISSES, ACCIDENTS AND

REPORTING

Near-misses
Accidents
Reporting Reporting of DANGEROUS
An unplanned NEAR-
EVENT at work
MISSES
which
which HAS
COULDand ACCIDENTS
resulted
HAVE causedis a
in personal
injury,
personal legal
injury,requirement.
disruption and or damage
disruption and orto
plant, property
damage
Employers must orproperty
to plant,
have systems.or of
a method
reporting and systems.
recording accidents to
enable a full investigation to be
undertaken to prevent similar
accidents in the future.
Employers must have an Accident
Report available to all employees
RIDDOR accidents should be
clearly identified.

EMPLOYEES MUST REPORT ALL ACCIDENTS, HOWEVER MINOR

3
 FIRE
THE FIRE TRIANGLE

.
4

FIRE PRECAUTIONS:
EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITIES

Carry out a Risk Assessment to determine the risk of fire or explosion

Take appropriate precautions:

• Health & Safety plan (fire procedures)
• Emergency instruction part of induction
• Everyone to know arrangements
• Arrangements regularly tested
• Persons trained in fire-fighting equipment.

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

CARBON DRY WET

CLASS OF FIRE WATER FOAM
DIOXIDE POWDER CHEMICAL

(A) Paper, Wood & Textiles OK OK X OK OK

(B) Flammable Liquids X OK OK OK X

(C) Flammable Gases X X X OK X

(D) Combustible Metals X X X OK X

Electrical Equipment Fires X X OK OK X

(F) Cooking Oils and Fats X X X X OK

YOU SHOULD ONLY USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER IF TRAINED

AND DEEMED COMPETENT
 HEALTH & SAFETY (FIRST AID)
REGULATIONS (1981)

Every employee must know:

• Who are the first aiders & appointed

persons

• Location of first aiders

• Location of first aid equipment

• The company accident reporting procedure

• The emergency response procedure.

EMERGENCY SPILLAGES AND

REPORTING ENVIRONMENTAL INCIDENTS

• Contact supervisor/follow company procedure

• Control spills and leaks only when it is safe to do so

• Evacuate the site, and if necessary nearby premises

IF SAFE:

• Contain

• Render Safe

• Vacuum or Absorb

• Wash the area.

8

ROLE AND POWER OF HSE

ENFORCEMENT INSPECTORS

Enforcement inspectors have the right to: Enforcement inspectors have the power
to:
• Enter premises without appointment
• Serve legal notices:
• Ask questions, maybe under caution improvement/prohibition -> Fee for
• Issue enforcement notices Intervention

• Investigate and examine • Prosecute -> fines or imprisonment

• See documents
• Dismantle, seize or take away articles and
substances
• Take photographs or samples
• Give advice all industries

EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYEES MUST ASSIST IN ANY INVESTIGATION IF

REQUIRED TO DO SO 9
 ENVIRONMENT AGENCIES

The environment is managed and regulated by:

Environment Agency in England

Scottish Environment Protection Agency
Natural Resources Wales
Northern Ireland Environment Agency.

10

ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENCES
PENALTIES

WATER POLLUTION HOLE IN THE STORAGE TANK

Water supplier fined £20m for a series of Pollution of stream resulted in a company
pollution incidents on the River Thames. paying a £29,900 fine and £39,000 in Court
costs.
Biggest freshwater pollution case in
Environment Agency’s 20 year history. Total cost: £3m including the clean up costs.
Visible sewage along 14km of river.
Death of birds, fish and invertebrates.
Staff failing to react with weeks of untreated
sewage (millions of litres per day) diverted
into rivers.

TOTAL COST (£) = FINE + LEGAL COSTS + CLEAN UP COST + ENVIRONMENTAL

COSTS + TIME

HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT
EFFECTS WHEN NEGLECTED

• Millions of lost working days

• Thousands of deaths from occupational diseases

• A million workers with work-related illness

• Hundreds of thousands of work-place injuries

• A death at work almost every day

• Uninsured losses

• Loss of reputation.
12
HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
BENEFITS FOR EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYEES

• Reduced costs
• Reduced risks
• Lower employee absence/turnover
• Fewer accidents
• Lessened threat of legal action
• Better reputation
• Increased productivity
• Better morale among staff
• Improved employee wellbeing.
13

RECAP

• Terms and definitions, eg recapping near-miss, accident

• Reporting processes including RIDDOR
• General emergency procedures
• Procedures for dealing with emergency situations
• Role and powers of enforcement authorities
• The need to assist in all investigations
• Costs of poor health and safety/environmental management
• The effects of accident investigation
• The outcomes that flow from improved health and safety.

14

MODULE COMPLETE
PLEASE PROCEED TO THE ASSESSMENT.