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 ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A

SYNOPSIS 11. Negative vector of a vector is the vector of same

magnitude but opposite direction. When a
1. Physical quantities having only magnitude are vector is added to its negative vector, the result
called Scalars. is a Null Vector.
Ex : Distance, Speed, Area, Volume, Mass,  
12. If P and Q are two vectors
  their resultant
Density, Work, Power, Energy, Time, Frequency, 
vector is given by R = P + Q .
Temperature, Electric Charge, Electric Current,

Potential, Resistance, Capacity, Velocity of Light, 13. The magnitude of resultant R is
Intensity of Sound etc,. R = P 2 + Q 2 + 2PQ Cosq
2. Physical quantities having both magnitude and  
direction and that obey vector laws of addition 14. If R makes an angle  with P , then
are vectors. Q sin q
tan a =
Ex : Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration, P + Q cos q
Momentum, Force, Impulse, Angular  
15. If R makes an angle  with Q , then
Displacement, Angular Velocity, Angular
Acceleration, Moment of a Force, Torque, P sin q
Magnetic Moment, Magnetic Induction Field, tan b =
Q + P cos q
Intensity of Electric Field.etc,....
16. Resultant of two vectors always lies in the plane
3. Electric current and velocity of light have both
direction and magnitude but they do not obey containing the vectors closer to vector of larger
laws of vector addition. Hence they are scalars. magnitude.

4. Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration, Force etc., 17. Special cases

which have natural direction are called polar or (i)  = 00  R(max) = P + Q
real vectors. 0 
(ii)  = 180 R(min) = P – Q
5. The direction of polar vector does not change Q
(iii) = 900  R = P 2 + Q 2 and tan a =
even though the coordinate system in which it P
is defined, changes
Ex. : Force, Velocity, Momentum.
(iv) P=Q  R = 2P cos
q
& 

(2 ) 2
6. The direction of Pseudo vecotr changes with 18. Vector addition follows.   
the change of coordinate system from right a) Commutative law : P + Q = Q + P
handed to left handed system in which it is      
defined. Ex. : All cross products
b) Associative law : P + (Q + R )=
 
(P + Q )+ R
c) Distributive law : k (P + Q )= k P + k Q ,
7. Torque, angular velocity, angular momentum
here ‘k’ is a scalar
etc., to which direction is assigned by 
convention are called axial or pseudo vectors. 19. The unit vector parallel to the resultant of P
 
 P+ Q
8. Unit vector in the direction of A is given by  n =  
and Q is given by P+ Q

A A x ˆi + A y ˆj + A z kˆ  
 =  = 20. If P and Q are two vectors then substraction
A A 2x + A 2y + A 2z  
of Q from P is given by
9. The magnitude of null vector is zero and     
direction is indeterminate.
( )
Þ S = P + - Q = P- Q
 
21. The magnitude of P- Q is given by
10. Equal Vectors : Vectors are equal if they have
same magnitude and same direction S= P 2 + Q 2 - 2PQ cosq

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PHYSICS - I A ELEMENTS OF VECTORS

22. Vector Substraction. 30. If the bob of simple pendulam is held atrest by
a) does not obey commutative law appling a horizontal force F as shown in fig.
   
P- Q ¹ Q- P
 
b) does not obey associative law T
     
P - (Q - R ) ¹ (P - Q ) - R
F
c) obeys distributive law x
   
k (P - Q ) = k P - k Q mg

23. If A is a vector making an angle with a) T sin   F b) T cos   mg

horizontal, then Horizontal component of A , 2
c) F  mg tan  d) F2   mg  T
is Ax = A cos  and Vertical component of a vector
 x  2  x 2
A is Ay=A sin  . e)  
F T mg
24. The components of a vector are scalars. But a
31. Relative Velocity
vector has vector components also.
a) Suppose two bodies A and B are moving with
 
25. If i and j are unit vectors along x and y axes velocities VA and VB

respectively then A  A x i  A y j and Velocity
 of
 A relative
 to B is given by
A  A VAB = VA - VB
  tan 1  y  or   cos 1  x 
 Ax   A  b) When A and B are moving in perpendicular

 directions,  is the angle made by VAB with
26. If A is resolved into three mutually vB
 
perpendicular components in a space then VA then V AB = VA2 + VB2 tan  =
 VA
A = A x ˆi + A y ˆj + A z kˆ 32. Motion of a Boat in a river :

V B WG
a) A  A 2x  A 2y  A z2

If angles made by A with x, y and z axis are 
 V BG
Ax Ay d V BW
a , b and g , then cos   | A | , cos   | A | , q
Az 900
cos  
| A | here cos , cos , cos  are known A
as direction cosines. (a) To cross a river by a boat in the shortest
path (or from a point on one bank to an exactly
27. cos 2   cos 2   cos 2   1 .
opposite point on the other bank). The angle
28. sin2 a + sin 2 b + sin 2 g = 2 . made by the boat with normal to the flow of
   VWG .
29. If three coplanar forces vector F1 , F 2 , F 3 acting water is Sin  =
simultaneously at a point ‘O’ keep it in VBW
F1 F F (b) The angle between the direction of motion
equilibrium as shown, then = 2 = 3 of boat and the direction of river
sina sinb sing
flow = 90 + 
 
2 2
F2 F3 (c) Resultant velocity V  VBW  VWG
a (d) Time taken to cross the river
d
g b t=
2 2 where d is the width of the
VBW - VWG
 d
F1 river (or)
VBW cos q .

AKASH MULTIMEDIA 99
ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A
 
(e) To cross the river in the shortest time : 34. The dot product of two vectors P and Q is
 
The boat is to be rowed in a direction given by P .Q = PQ cos q .
perpendicular to the direction of river flow
a) It is a Scalar
with velocity V BW .  
b) P .Q = 0 when =900 (Perpendicular Vectors)
B
  
V WG C c) P .Q = PQ when  = 00 (Parallel Vectors)
d) Dot product is negative if >90 0 and

V BW  <1800
d V BG    
q e) P .Q = P .Q (Commutative law)
      
A
d ( )
f) P . Q + R = P .Q + P. R (Distributive law)
(f) Time taken to cross the river t =
VBW . g) It doesnot obey associative law
 
h) P.P = P 2
2 2
(g) Resultant velocity VBG = VBW + VWG  
i) Angle between two vectors P and Q is given
(h) The boat reaches the other bank at an angle ,  
VWG P .Q
Tan  = V . by the relation cos q = .
BW PQ
 d   
(i) The drift (x) = VWG.t  VWG  j) The component of P along Q .
 VBW   
P.Q
(j) The boat is rowed always in a direction = P cos q = 
Q
making an angle  with the perpendicular  
drawn to the flow of river along PQ as shown. k) The component of Q along P
 
To find the drift of the boat as it reaches the P.Q
= Q cos q = 
opposite bank. P 
  
VWG l) Vector component of P along Q is P.Q Q .

( )
C B x D  
m) Vector component of Q along P is Q . P P . ( )
 
  n) The component of P perpendicular to Q in
d V BW V BE
q   
the same plane is C = P - P.Q Q ( )
A 
d 
k ) Time taken to cross the river t = o) The component of P perpendicular to Q in
VBW cosq   
 P
l) Resultant velocity along flow=VWG–VBW sin  the same plane is D = Q - Q.P ( )
m) Drift (x) = (VWG–VBW sin  )t.
p) iˆ.iˆ = ˆj. ˆj = kˆ.kˆ = 1 , iˆ. ˆj = ˆj .kˆ = kˆ.iˆ = 0 .
33. If rain drops are falling vertically with a velocity 

‘ VR ’ and a person is walking horizontally with q) If P = Px ˆi + Py ˆj + Pz kˆ and
   
a velocity VM , he should hold his umbrella at Q = Qx iˆ + Qy ˆj + Qz kˆ ,then P.Q = PxQx + PyQy + PzQz
 
an angle  with the vertical given by tan   VM r) Two vectors P and Q are perpendicular if
VR  
  P .Q = 0 (or) P XQX+P YQY+P ZQZ=0
VRM  VR
s) Examples of dot product :
  
- VM VM Work W = F.S
The person holds the umbrella along the
 
Power P = F .V
direction which is the direction of rain relative  
Magnetic Flux f = B.A
to the person.

AKASH MULTIMEDIA 100

PHYSICS - I A ELEMENTS OF VECTORS
  
35. The cross product of two vectors P and m) If d1 and d2 represents the diagonals of a
   
Q is given by P´ Q = PQsin q n parallelogram then the area of the parallelogram
Where n̂ is a unit vector perpendicular to  
  is 1 d1 ´ d 2
the plane containing P and Q . 2
a) It is a vector.  
n) If A and B represents the sides of a triangle
b) Direction is given by right hand screw rule.
1  
   then the area of the triangle is A´ B
c) P ´ Q = O when q = 00 (Parallel Vectors) 2
       
d) P ´ Q = PQ when  = 900 o) A, B and C are coplanar, if A B ´ C = 0 . ( )
(Perpendicular Vectors) 36. Examples of cross product :
   
e) P ´ Q = - Q´ P . i) Angular momentum L  r  P
  

      
P´ Q ¹ Q´ P ii) Linear velocity V    r
  
(commutative law is not obeyed) iii) Torque   r  F
        
f) P ´ (Q ´ R )¹ (Q ´ P )´ R iv) Torque on a magnet   M  B
  
(Associative law is not obeyed) v) Force on a conductor F  i  l  B 
        
g) P ´ (Q + R )= P ´ Q + P ´ R vi) Force on a charge
  
F  q  V  B 
 
(Distributive law is obeyed)   
vii) Torque on a coil   i  A B 
h) iˆ ´ iˆ = ˆj ´ ˆj = kˆ ´ kˆ = 0 ;  
 
viii) A force F acts at P and  is torque produced
iˆ ´ ˆj = kˆ , ˆj ´ kˆ = iˆ, kˆ ´ iˆ = ˆj 
about Q. If position vector of P is r1 and position
      
i) If P = Px iˆ + Py ˆj + Pz kˆ 
 vector of Q is r2 then   r xF  r2  r1 xF .  
Q = Q iˆ + Q ˆj + Q kˆ
x y z
EXERCISE - I
iˆ ˆj kˆ
  MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
then P ´ Q = Px Py Pz VECTORS & SCALARS
Qx Qy Qz 1. Of the following the vector quantity is
1) time 2) Electric Current
= (Py Qz - Pz Q y )iˆ - (Px Qz - Pz Q x ) ˆj + (PxQ y - Py Qx )kˆ 3) Velocity of light 4) gravitational force
 
2. Of the following the scalar quantity is
j) Unit
 vector
 normal to both P and Q is
P´ Q 1) Temparature 2) Moment of force
n =   . 3) Moment of couple 4) Magnetic moment
P´ Q
  3. Choose the correct statement
k) If two vectors P and Q are parallel 1) Temperature is a scalar but temperature
Px Py P   gradient is a vector
= = z = cons tan t or P ´ Q = 0
QX Qy Qz 2) Velocity of a body is a vector but velocity of
  light is a scalar
l) If P and Q represents the sides of a
3) Electric intensity and Electric current density
parallelogram then the area of the parallelogram
  are vectors
is P´ Q 4) all the above

AKASH MULTIMEDIA 101

ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A

4. Choose the false statement : 11. Choose the correct statement.

1) Electric current is a vector because it has both 1) Scalar + vector = scalar/vector
magnitude and direction vector
2) Time is a vector which has direction always 2) = scalar
vector
in the forward direction
3) scalar/vector = scalar (or) vector
3) All quantities having magnitude and direction 4) vector - vector = vector.
are vector quantities
  p
4) all the above 12. If angle between a and b is , then angle
  3
5. The pair containing a scalar quantity and between 2a and - 3b is
vector quantity is p 2p p 5p
1) Impulse and Angular momentum 1) 2) 3) 4)
3 3 6 3
2) work and Frequency
13. Which one of the following is a null vector ?
3) Electromotive force and force
1) Net displacement of a particle moving once
4) Electric power and Energy
around, a circle
6. The set containing only scalar quantities is 2) velocity of a body projected vertically up,
1) Temperature gradient, specific heat and latent heat when the body is at the highest point
2) Electric intensity, Electric potential and 3) acceleration of a particle executing S.H.M.
Electric capacity at the mean position
3) Polestrength, permeability and permittivity 4) all the above
4) Torque, Angular acceleration and linear
ADDITION & SUBTRACTIONS OF VECTORS
momentum      
7. The set containing only vector quantities is 14. If P  Q  P  Q , then the vectors P and Q are
1) Thermal capacity, Magnetic susceptibility and 1) parallel to each other
Electric charge 2) inclined at 450 to each other
2) Magnetic moment, Electric intensity and
3) perpendicular to each other
Torque
4) inclined at 600 to each other
3) Magnetic flux, Electric potential and Force
4) Magnetic induction, Electric capacity and 15. The resultant of two forces cannot exceed
Impulse 1) average of the forces
8. Which of the following units could be 2) algebraic sum of the two forces
associated with a vector quantity ? 3) difference of the two forces 4) none
 
1) newton/metre 16. If the Resultant of P and Q makes an angle
 
2) newton metre / second 1 with P and 2 with Q . Then
3) kg m2 s-2 4) newton second 1) 1  2 if P ³ Q 2) 1   2 if P  Q
9. A vector is not changed if 3) 1   2if P  Q 4) 1  2if P  Q
1) it is rotated through an arbitary angle
17. The addition of two vectors will be maximum,
2) it is multiptied by an arbitary scalar
if they are
3) it is cross multiptied by a unit vector
1) Non coplanar vectors 2) parallel vectors
4) it is slid parallel to itself
3) orthogonal vectors 4) coplanar vectors.
10. Which of the following is meaningful?
18. Subtraction of vectors obeys
Scalar
1) Vector/Vector 2) 1) commutative law 2) Associative law
vector
3) Scalar + vector 4) vector / scalar 3) Distributive law 4) All the above

AKASH MULTIMEDIA 102

PHYSICS - I A ELEMENTS OF VECTORS

19. Associative law is obeyed by 26. Three forces start acting simultaeously
 on a
1) Addition of vectors particle moving with velocity V . The forces
2) subtraction of vectors are represented in magnitude and direction by
the three sides of a triangle ABC (as shown).
3) both 4) none
The particle will now move with velocity
20. Choose the correct statement.   
     1) less than V A B
1) If A  B  A  B then B is a null vector  
2) greater than V
      C
2) If A  B  A  B , then A and B are 3) V in the direction of largest force
perpendicular vectors 
4) V remaining unchanged
3) both of the above 4) none of the above
  LAMI’S THEOREM
21. The maximum value of magnitude of A  B is   27. The minimum number of forces of equal
1) A-B 2) A+B 3) A2+B2 4) A2 -B2 magnitude in a plane that can keep a particle
     in equilibrium is
22. If A  B  C and the angle between A and B
 1) 4 2) 2 3) 3 4) 5
is 1200, then the magnitude of C
  28. The minimum number of unequal forces in a
1) must be equal to A  B plane that can keep a particle in equilibrium is
  1) 4 2) 2 3) 3 4) 6
2) must be less than A  B
  29. The minimum number of non coplanar forces
3) must be greater than A  B that can keep a particle in equilibrium is
 
4) may be equal to A  B 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
   RESOLUTION OF VECTORS
23. If P  Q  R
30. If component of one vector in the direction of
1) R is always greater than P another vector is zero, then those two vectors
2) R is always equal to P+Q 1) are parallel to each other
3) R is never equal to P+Q 2) are perpendicular to each other
4) R may be less than P or Q 3) are opposite to each other
  4) are coplanar vectors.
24. When two vectors A and B of magnitudes‘a’
and ‘b’ respectively are added, the magnitude 31. The component of a vector is
of resultant vector is always 1) always less than its magnitude
1) Equal to (a+b) 2) Less than (a+b) 2) always greater than its magnitude
3) always equal to its magnitude
3) Greater tha (a+b)
4) Less than or equal to its magnitude
4) Not greater than (a+b)
32. The horizontal component of the weight of a
  
25. If C  A  B then body of mass m is
  mg
1) C is always greater than A 1) mg 2) 3) Zero 4) Infinity
2
2) C is always equal to A+B 33. What are the maximum number of rectangular
3) C is never equal to A+B components of a vector can be split in space
    and in plane respectively.
4) It is possible to have C  A and C  B 1) 3,2 2) 3,3 3) 2,2 4)  , 

AKASH MULTIMEDIA 103

ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A

34. The maximum number of components a vector 40. A river is flowing from west to east at a speed
can be split are ? of 5 m/s. A man on the south bank of the river
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) infnite capable of swimming at 10 m/s in a still water
wants to swim, across the river in a shortest
RELATIVE VELOCITY
time. He should swim in a direction
35. A train is moving due east and a car is moving 1) Due north 2) 300 east of west
due north with equal speeds. A passenger in 3) 300 west of north 4) 600 east of north
the train finds that the car is moving towards
DOT & CROSS PRODUCT
1) North - East 2) North - West
3) South - West 4) South - East 41. Dot product of two vectors is a
1) Vector 2) Scalar 3) Tensor 4) None
36. A bus moves over a straight level road with
a constant acceleration a. A boy in the bus *42. How much work you do on an object as you
drops a ball out side. The acceleration of lift it to a height ‘h’ from the ground ?
the ball w.r.t the bus and the earth are re- 1) mgh 2) mgh/2 3) 2mgh 4) zero
spectively 43. If 1 , m1 , n1 and  2 , m2 , n2 are the direction
1) 2 2
a + g ,g 2
2) g, a + g 2 cosines of two vectors and q is the angle be-
tween them, then the value of cos q is
3) a, g 4) g, a 1) 1 2 + m1m2 + n1n2 2) 1m1 + m1n1 + n11
37. A particle P moves with speed ‘v’ along AB 3)  2 m2 + m2n2 + n2l2 4) m1 2 +  2 m2 + n1m2
   
and BC, sides of a square ABCD. Another 44. If A B  C, then magnitude of B is
particle Q also starts at A and moves with the 
1) C A

2) C – A
same speed but along AD and DC of the same
   
square ABCD. Then their respective changes 3)    
C B A B 4) C A  B A
in velocities are   
45. If a = mb + c . The scalar m is
1) equal in magnitude but different in directions        
a.b  b.c c.b  a.c c.a  b.c a.b  b.c
2) different in magnitude but same in directions 1) 2) 3) 4)
3) different both in magnitude and direction b2 a2 c2 a2
4) same both in magnitude and direction 46. Cross product of vectors obeys
1) Commutative law 2) Associative law
38. If A and B persons are moving with VA and VB
3) Distributive law 4) All the above
velocities in opposite directions. Magnitude of
47. Distributive law is obeyed by
relative velocity of B w.r.t. A is x and magnitude
1) scalar product 2) vector product
of relative velocity of A w.r.t B is y. Then
3) both 4) none
1) x > y 2) x = y 3) x = 2y 4) 2x = y
48. Choose the false statement
39. Wind is blowing to east along two parallel 1) Scalar product and vector product obey
railway tracks. Two trains moving with the commutative law
same speed in opposite direction have the 2) Scalar product does not obey distributive law
steam track of one double that of the other. where as vector product obeys commutative law
3) Scalar product and vector product obey
The speed of each train is
associative law
1) Equal to that of the wind 4) all the above
2) Three times that of the wind  
49. Three  vectors
 satisfy
 the relation A. B = 0
3) Double that of the wind and A. C = 0 , then A is parallel to 
4) Half that of the wind  
1) C 2) B 3) B ´ C 4) B.C

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PHYSICS - I A ELEMENTS OF VECTORS

50. Let F be the force acting on a particle having 59. The magnitude of the vector product of two
   
position vector r and  be the torque of this vectors P and Q may be
foce about the origin. Then (AIEEE-2003) 1) equal to PQ 2) less than PQ
    3) equal to zero 4) all the above
1) r . F  0 and r .   0
   
2) r .   0 and F .   0 60. i x (jxk) is
        1) unit vector 2) null vector
3) r .   0 and F .   0 4) r .   0 and F .   0
3) i+j+k 4) i+j-k
   
51. (A´ B)+ (B ´ A) is equal to 
61. If ' i' denotes a unit vector along incident ray,,
r a unit vector along refracted ray into a
1) 2 AB 2) A2 B2 3) zero 4) null vector
    medium of refractive index  and n is unit
52. If C = A´ B , then C is vector normal to boundary of medium directed
 
1) parallel to A 2) parallel to B towards the incident medium, the law of
 
3) perpendicular to A and parallel to B refraction is
 
    
4) perpendicular to both A and B
 
1) i.n   r.n   
2) i  n   n  r

   
53. If A and B are two vectors, then which of
the following is wrong ?
3) i  n   r  n
   
4)  r  n  n  i
   
        62. The angle between (A + B)& (A ´ B)
1) A.B = B. A 2) A + B = B + A
        1) 0, 2)  / 4 3)  / 2 4) 
3) A´ B = B ´ A 4) A´ B = - B ´ A
    63. The position vector r and linear momentum
54. The angle between (A´ B) and (B ´ A) is   
P are r = i and P = 4 j the angular
(in radian) momentum vector is perpendicular to
1)  / 2 2)  3)  / 4 4) zero 1) x-axis 2) y-axis 3) z-axis 4) xy-plane
  
55. If none of the vectors A, B and C are zero 64. The vector area of triangle whose sides are
     
and if A´ B = 0 and B ´ C = 0 the value of a, b, c is
 
A´ C is 1      1     
1) Unity 2) Zero 3) B2 4) AC cos q 1) b´ c + c´ a + a´ b 2) b´ c + c´ a + a´ b
6 2
56. Choose the false statement 1      1      
3) b´ c + c´ a + a´ b 4) - b´ c + c ´ a + a´ b
1) A vector having zero magnitude can have a 3 2

direction More than one option is Correct

    
2) If A´ B = 0 , then either A or B or both VECTORS & SCALAR
must have zero magnitude 65. Two vectors of same physical quantity are
3) The component of a vector is a vector unequal if
4) all the above a) They have the same magnitude and same
   direction
57. If A , B and C are coplanar vectors, then
      b) They have different magnitudes but same
( )
1) A.B ´ C = 0 (
2) A´ B .C = 0 ) direction
   c) They have same magnitude but different
3) (A.B).C = 0 4) all the above are true
directions
  d) They have different magnitudes and different
58. If A along North and B along vertically
directions
upward the direction of A  B is along
1) west 2) south 1) a & b are true 2) b, c & d are true
3) east 4) vertically downwards 3) only c and d are true 4) a, b, c & d are true

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ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A
        
66. Which of the following is a null vector 71. If PxQ  R ; QxR  P and RxP  Q then
a) velocity vector of a body moving in a circle   
a) P, Q & R are coplanar
with a uniform speed  
b) angle between P & Q may be less than 90°
b) velocity vector of a body moving in a straight   
line with a uniform speed c) P  Q  R can not be equal to zero
  
c) position vector of the origin of the d) P, Q and R are mutually perpendicular
rectangular co-ordinate system 1) c & d are correct 2) a, b & c are correct
d) displacement vector of a stationary object 3) only a is correct 4) only d is correct
1) both a & b 2) both b & c
ASSERTION & REASONING QUESTIONS
3) a, b & c 4) both c & d
VECTORS AND SCALARS
RESOLUTION OF VECTORS
These Questions consist of two statements each
& RELATIVE VELOCITY
printed as Assertion and Reason. While
67. Consider the following statements A and B answering these questions choose any one of
given below and identify the correct answer. the following four responses.
A) Vectors ˆi  3jˆ  5kˆ and 2iˆ  6ˆj  10kˆ aree 1) If both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
parallel
correct explanation of (A)
B) ˆi  ˆj  kˆ represents a unit vector
2) If both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the
1) Both A and B false 2) A is true B is false
correct explanation of (A)
3) B is true but A is false
3) If (A) is true but (R) is false
4) Both A and B are false
4) If (A) is false but (R) is true
68. A boat moves relative to water with a velocity
which is ‘n’ times the river flow 72. (A) : Electric current density is a vector
a) If n < 1 boat can not cross the river (R) : A physical quantity having magnitude and
b) If n = 1 boat can not cross the river without direction should be always a vector
drifting 73. (A) : The direction of velocity vector remains
c) If n > 1 boat can cross the river along unchanged though the coordinate system is
shortest path changed
d) Boat can cross the river what ever is the (R) : The direction of real vector is independent
value of n excluding zero value of coordinate system
1) only a is correct 2) a, b are correct 74. (A) : Every component of a null vector is zero
3) c, d are correct 4) b, c & d are correct
(R) : Origin and terminus of null vector are at
DOT & CROSS PRODUCTS the same point
69. Which of the following vector identities 1 ˆ 1 ˆ
75. (A) : i+ j is a unit vector
is/are false? 2 2
       
a) A.B = B . A b) A.B = - B. A (R) : The component vectors of a unit vector need
       
c) A´ B = B ´ A d) A´ B = - B ´ A not be unit vectors
1) both b & c 2) only a 76. (A) : Torque is a pseudo vector
3) both c & d 4) both a & b (R) : The cross product of two polar vectors is a
70. Which of the following physical quantities can pseudo vector
be obtained from dot product of two vectors 77. (A) : The division of a vector by another vector
a) work b) torque is not defined.
c) power d) magnetic flux (R) : The division of a vector by a direction is not
1) a, b 2) a, c & d 3) only b 4) a & d possible.

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ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION DOT AND CROSS PRODUCT

   
OF VECTORS 87. (A) : A x B = C where C is a vector normal to
 
78. (A) : Two forces 7N and 5N are acting at a point both A and B
and their resultant can be 3N (R) : Direction of cross product obeys right hand
 
(R) : If two vectors P and Q are acting at a thumb rule
point their resultant can have any value between   
88. (A) : A.( B + C ) is a scalar
P  Q to P  Q .
  (R) :The dot product of two vectors is a scalar
79. (A) : The resultant of P and Q makes the angles      
 
 and  with P and Q respectively.. If 89. (A) :If A B  C B , then C must be equal to A .
 
| P | > | Q | then  >  (R) : The magnitude of the cross product of two
(R) : Resultant is always closer to the vector of vectors depends upon the angle between them.
larger magnitude
MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS
80. (A) : iˆ + ˆj is not a unit vector
90. Match the following :
(R) : The addition of unit vectors never gives unit
List - 1 List - 2
vector  
a) Work e) r x F
          
81. (A) : If A  B C  0 then A  B  B C  C  A. b) Power f) F .S
 
c) Linear velocity g) F .V
(R) : The vector sum of three vectors can never 
be zero. d) Torque h)  x r
1) a-g, b-h, c-f, d-e 2) a-f, b-g, c-e, d-h
RESOLUTION OF VECTORS
3) a-f, b-g, c-h, d-e 4) a-g, b-f, c-e, d-h
82. (A) : When a vector is rotated, its magnitude
remains constant. 91. Match the following :
(R) : The magnitude of a vector is independent List - 1   List - 2
of the coordinate system. (Angle between A & B )
  
a) A  B  C and A – B = C e) 
83. (A) : The projection 3ˆj - 4kˆ along the y–axis is   
3 units. b) A  B  C and A – B = C f)2  /3
   
(R) : The projection of A along y–axis is Ay. c) A  B  C and A2 + B2 = C2 g)0
  
84. (A) : Vector sum of three coplanar forces can be d) A  B  C and A = B = C h)  /2
zero 1) a-g, b-h, c-f, d-e 2) a-h, b-e, c-f, d-g
(R) : Minimum number of unequal coplanar
3) a-f, b-e, c-h, d-g 4) a-g, b-e, c-h, d-f
vectors required to keep a point in equilibrium is   
three 92. If a and b are the two vectors R resultant of
 
RELATIVE VELOCITY a, b as shown a R

85. (A) : Relative velocity is zero when two bodies

are moving opposite to each other with same 

velocity 
b
(R) : Relative velocity of a body depend on LIST - I LIST - II
 
direction of motion. A : Component of a along b 1) a2 + b2
 
86. (A) : A man is on the northern bank of a river. B : Component of b along a 2) 0

To cross the river in a shortest time he should C : Component of R along a 3) R sin 

swim due south. D : Component of R along b 4) R cos 
(R) : Man should move opposite to the river flow 1) a–1, b–2, c–3, d–4 2) a–2, b–2, c–3, d–4
to cross in shortest time. 3) c–2, d–4, a–2, d–2 4) a–2, b–1, c–4, d–3

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ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A
  
93. If A, B, C are the three vectors the angle 99. Arrange the dot products in increasing order
      
between A, B is  , B and C is  and C and a) and B are parallel
 A
 
A is  , and k is constant then match the b) A and B are making an angle 60
0
following. 
c) A and B making, angle 1800
LIST-I LIST-II 1) c, b, a 2) a, b, c
a) A 1) k sin  3) b, c, a 4) c, a, b
b) B 2) k sin 
100. Arrange the magnitude of cross products in
c) C 3) k sin 
the decreasing order.
1) a – 1, b – 2, c – 3 2) a – 1, b – 3, c – 2  
a) A and B making angle Zero
3) a – 3, b – 2, c – 1 4) a – 2, b – 3, c – 1  
b) A and B making angle 300
ASCENDING & DESCENDING ORDER  
c) A and B making angle 1200
94. Set the following vectors in the increasing 1) a, b, c 2) b, c, a
order of their magnitude. 3) c, a, b 4) c, b, a
a) 3i + 4j b) 2i + 4j + 6k c) 2i + 2j + 2k
1) a, b, c 2) c, a, b 3) a, c, b 4) b, c, a ANSWERS
95. Arrange the vectors additions so that their 1) 4 2) 1 3) 4 4) 4 5) 3
magnitudes are in the increasing order.
  6) 3 7) 2 8) 4 9) 4 10) 4
a) two vector A and B are parallel
 
b) Two vectors A and B are antiparallel 11) 4 12) 2 13) 4 14) 3 15) 2
 
c) Two vectors A and B making an angle 600 16) 2 17) 2 18) 3 19) 1 20) 3

d) Two vectors A and B making 1200 .
21) 2 22) 3 23) 4 24) 4 25) 4
1) b, d, c, a 2) b, c, d, a
3) a, c, d, b 4) c, d, a, b 26) 4 27) 2 28) 3 29) 4 30) 2

96. Arrange the vectors subtractions so that their 31) 4 32) 3 33) 1 34) 4 35) 2
magnitudes
 are in decreasing order. If the two 36) 1 37) 1 38) 2 39) 2 40) 1

vectors A and B are acting at an angle | A || B | .
41) 2 42) 1 43) 1 44) 3 45) 1
a) 600 b) 900 c) 1800 d) 1200
1) d,c,b,a 2) a,b,d,c 3) c,d,b,a 4) c,d,a,b 46) 3 47) 3 48) 4 49) 3 50) 4

97. Set the drifts suffered by boat in increasing 51) 4 52) 4 53) 3 54) 2 55) 2
order. 56) 4 57) 2 58) 3 59) 4 60) 2
a) d = 1000 m VR = 2 m/s Vb = 4 m/s 61) 3 62) 3 63) 4 64) 1 65) 2
b) d = 500 m VR = 1 m/s Vb = 6 m/s
c) d = 1000 m VR = 6 m/s Vb = 6 m/s 66) 4 67) 2 68) 4 69) 1 70) 2
( d  width of river VR  velocity of river 71) 1 72) 3 73) 1 74) 1 75) 2
Vb  velocity of Boat). The boat moves 76) 1 77) 1 78) 1 79) 1 80) 3
perpendicular to width of the river
81) 3 82) 1 83) 2 84) 1 85) 4
1) a, b, c 2) b, c, a 3) b, a, c 4) c, b, a
98. Set the angles made by following vectors with 86) 3 87) 1 88) 1 89) 4 90) 3
x-axis in the increasing order. 91) 4 92) 2 93) 3 94) 2 95) 1
a) 3i + 4j b) 4i + 3j c) i + j
96) 3 97) 3 98) 3 99) 1 100) 4
1) a, b, c 2) c, b, a 3) b, c, a 4) a, c, b

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PHYSICS - I A ELEMENTS OF VECTORS
7. The resultant of two equal forces is 141.4N
EXERCISE - II(A)
when they are mutually perpendicular. When
(CLASS WORK) they are inclined at an angle 120º, then the
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION resultant force will be
 1) 100 N 2) 141.4 N 3) 196 N 4) Zero

*1. If A = 3i – 4j and B =– i – 4j, calculate A + B
  8. The magnitudes of two vectors P and Q differ
and A + B . by 1. The magnitude of their resultant makes
an angle of tan –1 (3/4) with P. The angle
1) 2i–8j, 8.1 2) 2i–4j, 4.2
between P and Q is
3) 2i, 3 4) 4j, 6
  1) 450 2) 00 3) 1800 4) 900
*2. If A = 3i – 4j and  B = –i – 4j, calculate   
9. If P - Q = R and P=Q=R,
  the ratio of angles
the direction of A + B . between P &R to P & Q is
1) tan–1(4) with + x– axis in clock wise 1) 1 : 2 2) 2 : 1 3) 1 : 1 4) 1 : 3
2) tan–1(4) with – x– axis in clock wise 10. The resultant of two forces 2P and 2 P is
3) tan–1(4) with + x– axis in anticlock wise 10 P. The angle between the forces is

4) tan–1 (4) with – x– axis in anticlock wise 1) 300 2) 600 3) 450 4) 900
11. Eleven forces each equal to 5N act on a particle
*3. A person runs along a circular path of radius
simultaneously. If each force makes an angle
5 m. If he completes half of the circle find the
30º with the next one, the resultant of all forces is
magnitude of the displacement vetor, How far
1) 15N 2) 55 N 3) 5 N 4) zero
the person ran ?
1) 10m, 5 p m 2) 5 p m 12. Which of the following sets of forces acting
simultaneously on a particle keep it in
3) 5 p m , 19m 4) 14m, 10 p m
equilibrium?
*4. A car makes a displacement of 100 m towards 1) 3N, 5N, 10N 2) 4N, 7N, 12N
east and then 200 m towards north. Find the 3) 2N, 6N, 5N 4) 5N, 8N, 1N
magnitude and direction of the resultant.
1) 223.7m, tan–1(2), N of E 13. The resultant of two forces 1 and P is
perpendicular to ‘1’ and equal to 1. What is
2) 223.7m, tan–1(2), E of N
the value of ‘P’ and angle between the forces
3) 300m, tan–1(2), N of E
1) 2 N , 1350 2) 2 N , 1500
4) 100m, tan–1(2), N of E
3) 2 N , 1200 4) 2 N , 1500
5. If the angle between two vectors of equal
14. If the sum of two unit vectors is also a vector
magnitude P is  , the magnitude of the
of unit magnitude, the magnitude of the
resultant vector is
difference of the two unit vectors is
  1) 1 unit 2) 2 units 3) 3 units 4) Zero
1) 2P cos 2) 2P sin
2 2      
3) 2P cos  4) 2P sin  15. If P + Q = R and P - Q = S , then R2+S 2 is
equal to
6. Maximum and minimum magnitudes of the 1) P2+Q2 2) 2(P2 -Q2 ) 3) 2(P2+Q2) 4) 4 PQ
resultant of two vectors of magnitudes P and
16. The greater and least resultant of two forces
Q are found to be in the ratio 3 : 1. Which of
are 7N and 3N respectively. If each of the force
the following relations is true ?
is increased by 3N and applied at 60°. The
1) P = Q 2) P =2Q
magnitude of the resultant is
3) P = 4Q 4) P = Q/3 1) 7N 2) 3N 3) 10 N 4) 129

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ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A

17. Two forces are such that the sum of their *24. The force acting on a particle makes an angle
magnitudes is 18N, the resultant is 228 when of 600 with the positive x-axis. If the magnitude
they are at 1200 . Then the magnitude of the of the force is 10 N what are its x and
forces are
y-components ?
1) 12N, 6N 2) 13N, 5N
1) 5N, 5 3 N 2) 2 3 N, 2N
3) 10N, 9N 4) 16N, 2N
3) 4 3 N, 5N 4) 3 3 N, 3N
18. Two

 vectors are given  by a =-2i+j-3k and *25. To go from town A to town B a plane must fly
b = 5i+3j-2k. If 3a + 2b - c = 0 then third

vector c is
about 1780 km at an angle of 300 West of north.
How far north of A is B ?
1) 4 iˆ + 9 ĵ – 13 k̂ 2) –4 iˆ – 9 ĵ + 13 k̂
ˆ
3) 4 i –9 ĵ –13 k̂ 4) 2 iˆ –3 ĵ + 13 k̂ 1) 1542km 2) 1452 km
3) 1254 km 4) 11 km
*19. A body starts with a velocity 2i – 3j + 11k m/s
 
and moves with an accelaration of 10i+10j+10k *26. Displacement vectors A = ( 3i+3j)m, B = (i – 4j) m

ms–2. What is its velocity after 0.25 s ? and C = ( –2i + 5j) m. Use the components
1) 4.5iˆ + 0.5 ˆj - 13.5kˆ 2) 4.5iˆ - 0.5 ˆj - 13.5kˆ method to determine the magnitude and
   
3) 4.5iˆ - 0.5 ˆj + 13.5kˆ 4) 4.5iˆ + 0.5 ˆj + 13.5kˆ direction of E = - A - B + C .
  
20. Figure shows three vectors a, b and c , 1) 5 2 , 600 clockwise with + ve x – axis
where R is the midpoint of PQ. Then which 2) 6 2 , 450 clockwise with + ve x – axis
of the following relations is correct? 3) 5 2 , 600 clockwise with – ve x – axis
   P
1) a + b = 2c 4) 6 2 , 450 clockwise with – ve x – axis
   
2) a + b = c a  R
   c
*27. An ant moves on the floor of a room making
3) a - b = 2c two displacements. One of magnitude 3 m and
   
4) a - b = c O b Q another of magnitude 4 m . If the angle
ur ur ur between the two displacements is 120 0 what
21. The resultant of twourvectors P and Q is R .
will be the magnitude of the resultant
If the magnitude of Q is doubled, the new re-
ur displacement ?
sultant becomes perpendicular to P , then the
ur 1) 6.082m 2) 5.2m
magnitude of R is
P2 - Q P+ Q P 3) 4.8 m 4) 3.606m
1) 2) 3) Q 4)
2 PQ P - Q Q *28. If A = 6.00i – 8.00j units, B = 8.00i + 3.00j
POSITION VECTOR, COMPONENTS units and C = 26.0i + 19.0j units, determine a
OF VECTORS, UNIT VECTORS and b when a A + bB+C = 0
*22. One of the rectangular components of a 1) a = 0.9, b = –3.93 2) a = 0.9, b = 3.93
velocity of 20 ms–1 is 10 ms–1 . Find the other 3) a = 0.6, b = –3 4) a = 0.4, b = 0.8
component.
1) 10 3 ms–1 2) 20 3 ms–1 *29. Two vectors a and b have equal magnitudes of
12 units. These vectors are making angles 300
3) 5 3 ms–1 4) 35 3 ms–1 and 1200 with the x axis respectively. Their sum
23. A car weighing 100kg is on a slope that makes is r . Find the x and y components of r .
an angle 30° with the horizontal. The
component of car’s weight parallel to the slope 1) (6 3 - 6),(6 + 6 3 ) 2) (6 3 + 6),(6 + 6 3 )
is (g=10ms–2 )
1) 500N 2) 1000N 3) 15,000 N 4) 20,000N ( )(
3) 6 3 - 6 , 6 - 6 3 ) 4) (6 )(
3 + 6 , 6- 6 3 )
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30. The displacement of the point of a wheel

 
*37. If vectors A and B are 3i – 4j + 5k and
initially in contact with the ground when the 2i + 3j – 4k respectively find the unit vector
wheel rolls forward half a revolution where  
parallel to A + B .
radius of the wheel is 1m, is (Assume the
forward direction as x - axis) (5i - j + k ) (5i + j + k )
1) 2)
1) 2m, tan 1 1/   with x - axis 27 27
(5i + j + k ) (5i - j - k )
2)  
 2  4 m, tan 1  2 /   with x - axis 3)
27
4)
27
3)    4  m, tan
2 1
1/ 2  with x - axis 38. A vector 3iˆ + 4 ˆj rotates about its tail through
4)    4  m, tan
2 1
1/ 2  with x - axis an angle 370 in anticlockwise direction then
the new vector is
31. Angle (in rad) made by the vector 3iˆ  ˆj with 1) - 3iˆ + 4ˆj 2) 3iˆ - 4ˆj
the x-axis is (2005 M)
3) 5jˆ 4) 5iˆ
1)  / 6 2)  / 4 3)  / 3 4)  / 4
*32.A bird moves in such a way that it has a LAMI’S THEOREM
displacement of 12 m towards east, 5 m 39. If ‘O’ is at equilibrium then the values of the
towards north and 9 m vertically upwards. tension T1 and T2 are x, y, if 20 N is vertically
Find the magnitude of its displacement. down. Then x, y are
600
1) 5 2 m 2) 5 10 m 3) 5 5 m 4) 5m 1) 20 N 30 N
T1
33. The position vector of a moving particle at ‘t’ 2) 20 3N, 20 N
 1500
sec is given by r = 3iˆ + 4t 2ˆj - t 3kˆ . Its displace- O 600
3) 20 3N , 20 3N
ment during an interval of t = 1s to 3 sec is T2
20N
1) ˆj  kˆ 2) 3i  4j  k 4) 10 N, 30 N
3) 9iˆ  36ˆj  27kˆ 4) 32ˆj  26kˆ 40. A body of mass 3 kg is suspended by a string
 to a rigid support. The body is pulled
34. The direction cosines of a vector A are
4 1 3 horizontally by a force F until the string makes
cos   , cos   and cos   , then an angle of 30° with the vertical. The value of
5 2 2 5 2
the vector A is F and tension in the string are.
1) 4 iˆ + ĵ +3 k̂ 2) 4 iˆ +5 ĵ +3 k̂ 1) 9.8 N, 9.8 N 2) 9.8 N, 19.6 N
3) 19.6 N, 19.6 N 4) 19.6 N, 9.8 N
3) 4 iˆ -5 ĵ -3 k̂ 4) iˆ + ĵ – k̂
 41. Two light strings of length 4cm and 3cm are
35. If P = i+2j+6k, its direction cosines are
tied to a bob of weight 500gm. The free ends
1 2 6 1 2 6 of the strings are tied to pegs in the same
1) , and 2) , and
41 41 41 41 41 41 horizontal line and separated by 5cm. The
3 8 7 ratio of tension in the longer string to that in
3) , , 4) 1,2 and 6
41 41 41 the shorter string is

36. If A =2i-3j+4k, its components in yz plane and 1) 4:3 2) 3:4 3) 4:5 4) 5:4
zx plane are respectively 42. A boy is hanging from a horizontal branch of
1) and 5 2) 5 and 2 a tree. The tension in the arms will be
13 5
maximum when the angle between the arms is
3) 2 5 and 13 4) 13 and 29 1) 00 2) 300 3) 600 4) 1200

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RELATIVE VELOCITY & *48. A man is travelling at 10.8 kmph in a topless

RAIN UMBRELLA PROBLEMS car on a rainy day. He holds an umberella at
*43. An aeroplane is flying with the velocity of an angle of 370 with the vertical so that he does
V1 = 800 kmph relative to the air towards not wet. If rain drops falls vertically downwards,
south. A wind with velocity of V2 =15 ms–1 is what is the rain velocity ?
blowing from West to East. What is the velocity 1) 1ms–1 2) 2ms–1 3) 3ms–1 4) 4ms–1
of the aeroplane with respect to the earth.
49. When a man is standing, rain drops appears
1) 221.7ms–1 2) 150ms–1 to him falling at 600 from the horizontal from
3) 82ms–1 4) 40ms–1 his front side. When he is travelling at 5 kmph
44. The wind is blowing from south at 10ms–1, but on a horizontal road they appear to him falling
to a cyclist it appears blowing from the east at at 300 from the horizontal from his front side.
10ms–1 . The velocity of cyclist is The actual speed of the rain is (in kmph)
1) 10 2 ms1 towards S – W 1) 3 2) 4 3) 5 4) 5 3
2) 10 2 ms1 towards N – W RIVER–BOAT PROBLEMS
3) 10 2 ms1 towards S – E 50. A man can swim in still water at a speed of
4) 10 2 ms1 towards N – E 6 kmph and he has to cross the river and reach
just opposite point on the other bank. If the
45. A particle is moving east wards with a velocity
river is flowing at a speed of 3 kmph, he has to
of 5 ms -1 . In 10 S, the velocity changes to
swim in the direction
5 ms-1 north wards. The average acceleration
1) 30o with the river flow
in this time is (AIEEE-2005)
2) 60o with river flow
1 ms- 2 towards north east
1)
2 3) 135o with the river flow
4) 120o with the river flow
2) 1 2 ms towards north
- 2
51. A person can swim in still water at 5 m/s. He
3) Zero moves in a river of velocity 3 m/s. First down
1 the stream next same distance up the steam
4) ms–2 towards north-west. the ratio of times taken are
2
1) 1 : 1 2) 1 : 2 3) 1 : 4 4) 4 : 1
46. A Ship ‘A’ steams down north at a speed of
8 kmph. and ship B due west at a speed of 52. A man can swim in still water at a speed of 6
6kmph. The velocity of A wrt. B is. kmph and he has to cross the river and reach
just opposite point on the other bank. If the
 4
1) 10 kmph, Tan–1   N of E river is flowing at a speed of 3 kmph, and the
3
width of the river is 2km, the time taken to
 4 cross the river is (in hours)
2) 10kmph, tan–1   E of N
3 2 2 2 2
1) 2) 3) 4)
3) 10 kmph NE 27 27 3 45
 4 53. The velocity of water in a river is 2 kmph, while
4) 2kmph, Tan–1   N of E
3 width is 400 m. A boat is rowed from a point
47. Rain drops are falling down ward vertically rowing always aiming opposite point at 8 kmph
at 4 kmph. For a person moving forward at of still water velocity. On reaching the opposite
3 kmph feels the rain at bank the drift obtained is
1) 7 kmph 2) 1 kmph 1) 93 m 2) 100. 8m
3) 5 kmph 4) 25 kmph 3) 112.4 m 4) 100 m

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PHYSICS - I A ELEMENTS OF VECTORS
54. A person swims at 1350 to current of river, to  
63. The component of A along B is 3 times that
meet target on reaching opposite point. The 
of the component of B along A . Then A:B is
ratio of person’s velocity to river water
velocity is 1) 1: 3 2) 3 :1 3) 2 : 3 4) 3:2
1) 3 :1 2) 2 :1 3) 1: 2 4) 1: 3 64. When a force (8i + 4j) newton displaces a
particle through (3i - 3j) metre, the power is
*55.A boat moves perpendicualar to the bank with
0.6W. The time of action of the force is
a velocity of 7.2 km/h. The current carries it
1) 20s 2) 7.2s 3) 72s 4) 2s
150 m downstream, find the velocity of the 
current. (The width of the river is 0.5 km).
  between unit vectors A and
65. If  is the angle
1) 0.4ms–1 2) 1.2ms–1


1  A.B
 

3) 0.5ms–1 4) 0.6ms–1 B , then 1  A.B is equal to
*56.A swimmer is capable of swimming 1.65 ms–1 in
 
1) tan2 (  / 2) 2) sin2 (  / 2)
still water. If she swims directly across a 180
m wide river whose current is 0.85 m/s, how 3) cot2 (  / 2) 4) cos2 (  / 2)
far downstream (from a point opposite her CROSS PRODUCT
starting point) will she reach ?
66. The cross product of the vectors (2i -3j+ 4k)
1) 92.7 m 2) 40 m 3) 48 m 4) 20 m and (i + 4j - 5k) is
DOT PRODUCT 1) - iˆ - 14 ĵ + 11 k̂ 2) iˆ + 14 ĵ + 11 k̂
*57. If P = 2i +3j – 4k and Q = 5i +2j + 4k find the 3) - iˆ + 14 ĵ + 11 k̂ 4) - iˆ + 14 ĵ + 5 k̂
angle between the two vectors. 67. A particle of mass 0.2kg is moving with
1) 300 2) 450 3) 600 4) 900 linear velocity (i-j+2k). If the radius vector
 r = 4i+j-k, the angular momentum of the
*58.A force F = 5i – 3j + 2k moves a particle
  particle is
from r1 = 2i +7j+4k to r2 = 5i+2j+8k.
Calculate the workdone. 1) 2.14 units 2) 4.28 units
1) 38 units 2) 20 units 3) 107 units 4) 5 units
3) 30 units 4) 15 units *68. The magnitude of scalar and vector products
59. A vector perpendicular to the vector (i + 2j) of two vectors are 48 3 and 144 respectively..
and having magnitude 3 5 units is What is the angle between the two vectors ?
1) 3 iˆ + 6 ĵ 2) 6 iˆ –3 ĵ 1) 300 2) 450 3) 600 4) 900
3) 4 iˆ –2 ĵ 4) iˆ –2 ĵ
 69. The torque of force F  2 i  3 j  4 k newton
60. If the vectors P  aiˆ  ajˆ  3kˆ and acting at the point r  3 i  2 j  3 k metre
ˆ ˆ ˆ
Q  ai  2j  k are perpendicular to each about the origin is
other then the positive value of 'a' is
1) 6 i  6 j  12 k 2) 17 i  6 j  13 k
1) Zero 2) 1 3) 2 4) 3
3)  6 i  6 j  12 k 4)  17 i  6 j  13 k
*61. A force of 2i + 3j + 2k N acts a body for 4 s
and produces a displacement of 3i + 4j + 5k m *70. The adjacent sides of a parallelogram are

calculate the power ? P = 2i – 3j + k and Q = – 2i +4j – k. What is
the area of the parallelogram ?
1) 5 W 2) 6 W 3) 7 W 4) 9 W
 1) 4 units 2) 7 units 3) 5 units 4) 8 units
62. If A  2i  3j and B  2 j  3k the component
*71. What is the condition for the vectors 2i+3j –
of B along A is 4k and 3i – aj + bk to be parallel ?
1 6 6 1) a = –9/2, b = – 6 2) a = –6, b = –9/2
1) 6 2) 3) 4)
6 13 13 3) a = 4, b = 5 4) a = 8, b = 2

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ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A
   
72. a, b are the magnitudes of vectors a & b . If *2. If A =3i – 4j and B = –i – 4j, calculate the
     
a x b = 0 the value of a . b is direction of A - B .
1) 0 2) ab 3) ab 4) a/b 1) along positive x–axis
      2) along negative x–axis
73. If A = 4N,B = 3N the value of | A xB |2 + | A.B |2 then
3) along positive y–axis
1) 5 N 2) 25 N 3) 144 N 4) 169 N
  4) along negative y–axis
ˆ 6kˆ and B = 3iˆ - 6j+
74. If A = 2iˆ + 3j+ ˆ 2kˆ then vector
  3. A person runs along a circular path of radius
perpendicular to both A and B has
5 m. find the magnitude of the displacement if
magnitude K times that of 6iˆ + 2j- ˆ 3kˆ . Then K =
he runs all the way around the circle ?
1) 1 2) 3 3) 7 4) 9
1) 10m 2) 20m 3) 3m 4) Zero
75. Vertices of a triangle are given by i  3j  2k ,
4. A car is moving 40m due east, turns towards
2i  j  k and i  2j  3k , then area of north moves 30m. then turns 450 east of north
triangle is (in units) moves 20 2 m. The net displacement of car
1) 107 / 2 2) 107 / 6 is (East is taken positive x – axis ,North as
positive y – axis)
107
3) 4) 207 / 3 1) 50iˆ  60 ˆj 2) 60iˆ  50 ˆj
2
3) 30iˆ  40 ˆj 4) 40iˆ  30 ˆj
ANSWERS
5. If the angle between two vectors of equal
1) 1 2) 1 3) 1 4) 1 5) 1
magnitude P is  , the magnitude of the
6) 2 7) 1 8) 4 9) 3 10) 3
difference of the vectors is
11) 3 12) 3 13) 1 14) 3 15) 3
 
16) 4 17) 4 18) 1 19) 3 20) 1 1) 2P cos 2) 2P sin
21) 3 22) 1 23) 1 24) 1 25) 1 2 2
 
26) 4 27) 4 28) 1 29) 1 30) 2 3) P cos 4) P sin
2 2
31) 1 32) 2 33) 4 34) 2 35) 2
6. Two forces are in the ratio of 5 : 2. The
36) 2 37) 1 38) 3 39) 2 40) 2
maximum and minimum of their resultants are
41) 2 42) 4 43) 1 44) 4 45) 4
in the ratio of
46) 1 47) 3 48) 4 49) 3 50) 4
1) 5 : 2 2) 2 : 5 3) 7 : 3 4) 3 : 7
51) 3 52) 2 53) 4 54) 2 55) 4
56) 1 57) 4 58) 1 59) 2 60) 4 7. Two equal forces of maguitude ‘p’ each are
61) 3 62) 4 63) 2 64) 1 65) 1 angled first at 60° later at 120°. The ratio of
66) 3 67) 2 68) 3 69) 2 70) 3 magnitude of their resultants is
71) 1 72) 3 73) 3 74) 3 75) 1 1) 1: 3 2)
3 :1 3) 1 : 1 4) 1 : 2
     
8. Three vectors P, Q, R obey P + Q = R and
EXERCISE - II(B)  
P2 + Q2 = R2 the angle between P & Q . is
(HOME WORK)
1) 0° 2) 30° 3) 60° 4) 90°
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION    
    9. P, Q, R,S are vector of equal magnitude. If
*1. If A = 3i – 4j and B =– i – 4j, calculate A - B     
  P + Q - R = O angle between P and Q is 1 .
and A - B .     
If P + Q - S = O angle between P and S is  2 .
1) 2i–8j, 8.1 2) 2i–4j, 4.2 The ratio of 1 to  2 is
3) 2i, 3 4) 4i, 4 1) 1 : 2 2) 2 : 1 3) 1 : 1 4) 1: 3

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PHYSICS - I A ELEMENTS OF VECTORS
10. The resultant of two forces 2N and 3N is 20. In an equilateral triangle ABC, AL,BM and
19 N. The angle between the forces is CN are medians. Forces along BC and BA rep-
1) 30° 2) 45° 3) 60° 4) 90° resented by them will have a resultant repre-
11. Twelve forces each of 5N act on a body sented
by   
simultaneously. If each force makes an angle 1) 2 AL 2) 2BM 3) 2CN 4) AC
of 30° with other their resultant is
  
21. Given that A + B + C = 0 , out of three
1) 5N 2) 60 N 3) 5N 4) Zero vectors two are equal in magnitude and the
12. Which of the following sets of forces acting magnitude of third vector is 2 times that of
simultaneously on a particle keep it in either of two having equal magnitude. Then
equilibrium?(in newton) angle between vectors are given by
1)2,3,6 2) 7,8,19 3) 3,4,5 4)1,3,7 1) 300 ,600 ,900 2) 450 ,1350 ,1500
3) 900 ,1350 ,1500 4) 900 ,1350 1350
13. The resultant of two forces, one double the
other in magnitude is perpendicular to the POSITION VECTOR, COMPONENTS
smaller of the two forces. The angle between OF VECTORS, UNIT VECTORS
the two forces is 22. The horizontal and vertical components of a
1) 150° 2) 90° 3) 60° 4) 120° force are 8N and 15N respectively. The force
14. If the difference of two unit vectors is also a is
vector of unit magnitude, the magnitude of the 1) 23 N 2) 20N 3) 17 N 4) 7 N
sum of the two unit vectors is 23. An aeroplane is heading north east at a speed
1)1 2)1/ 3 3) 3 4) 2 of 141.4ms–1. The northward component of its
  
15. The resultant of two vectors A & B is C . If velocity is
 
direction of B is reversed the resultant is D . 1) 141.4 ms -1 2) 100 ms-1
Then which of the following is true ? 3) zero 4) 50 ms-1
1) C2 + D2 = A2 + B2 2) A2 + C2 = B2 + D2 24. The horizontal and vertical components of a
3) C2 + D2 = 2(A2 + B2) 4) C2 – D2 = A2 + B2 vector are 20 and 30 units respectively. The
16. The greater and least resultant of two forces angle made by the vector with the horizontal is
are 9N and 5N respectively. If they are applied 3 2
1) tan-1 2) cos-1
at 60°. The magnitude of the resultant is 2 13
1) 100N 2) 119N 3) 119 N 4) 67 N 3
3) sin-1 4) all the above
17. The resultant of two forces at right angles is 13
13N. The minimum resultant of the two forces *25.To go from town A to town B a plane must fly
is 7N. The forces are about 1780 km at an angle of 300 West of north.
1) 20N, 6N 2) 10N, 20N How far West of A is B ?
3) 5N, 12N 4) 8 N, 15 N 1) 1542km 2) 1452 km
 3) 1254 km 4) 890 km
18. The ˆ ˆ
 resultant of the forces F1 = 4i - 3 j and 
F2 = 6iˆ + 8 ˆj is *26. D is plac ement v e ct o r s A = ( 3 i+ 3 j ) m,
 
1) 5 5 2) 10iˆ - 5 ˆj 3) 125 4) - 2iˆ - 3 ˆj B = (i – 4j)m and C = (–2i + 5j)m. Use the
components method to determine a) the
( )
19. A particle has an initial velocity 6i + 8 j ms–1
magnitude and direction of the vector
( )
and an acceleration of 0.8i + 0.6 j ms–2 . Its    
D = A+ B+ C .
speed after 10s is 1) 2 5 , tan–1(2) 2) 2 5 , 450
1) 20 ms–1 2) 7 2 ms–1
3) 2 5 , tan–1(1/2) 4) 2 5 , 600
3) 10 ms–1 4) 14 2 ms–1

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ELEMENTS OF VECTORS PHYSICS - I A
*27. An ant moves on the floor of a room making 34. If the two directional cosines of a vectors are
two displacements. One of magnitude 3 m and 1 1
another of magnitude 4 m . If the angle between and then the value of third directional
2 3
the two displacements is 600 what will be the cosine is
magnitude of the resultant displacement ? 1 1
1 1
1) 6.082m 2) 5.2m 3) 4.8 m 4) 6.8m 1) 2) 3) 4)
6 5 7 10
  
28. Three forces F 1= a(i–j+k) F 2 = 2i-3j+4k and
 35. If P = i+j+k, its direction cosines are
F3 = 8i-7j+6k act simultaneously on a particle.
1) 1,1,1 2) 1/ 3 ,1/ 3 ,1/ 3
If the particle is in equilibrium, the value of a is
1) 10 2) -10 3) 8 4) 2 3) 3, 3 , 3 4) 0,0,0

*29.Two vectors a and b have equal magnitudes 36. If A =2i-3j+4k, its component in xy plane is
of 12 units. These vectors are making angles 1) 4 2) 13 3) 29 4) 1
300 and 1200 with the x axis respectively. Their
sum is r. Find the magnitude and the angle r 37. The unit vector parallel to the resultant of the
 ^ ^ ^  ^ ^ ^
makes with the +x axis. vectors A  4 i  3 j 6 k and B   i  3 j 8 k is
1) 12 2,750 clockwise (2000 M)
2) 12 2,750 anticlockwise 1 ^ ^ ^ 1 ^ ^ ^
1) 7  3 i  6 j 2 k  2) 7  3 i  6 j 2 k 
3) 12, 450 clockwise    
4) 12, 450 anticlockwise 1  ^ ^ ^ 1  ^ ^ ^
3) 49  3 i  6 j 2 k  4) 49  3 i  6 j 2 k 
30. A wheel of perimeter 4  m is rolling on a    
horizontal surface. The displacement of the
38. A vector iˆ + 3 ˆj rotates about its tail
point of contanct of wheel and ground when
through an angle 600 in clockwise direction
the wheel completes one quarter of revolution is
then the new vector is
1 2
1) (   2)2  4 along tan with x-axis 1) iˆ + 3 ˆj 2) 3i - 4 j

2) (   2)2  4 along tan
1 2
with x-axis 3) 2 ˆj 4) 2iˆ

1 2 LAMI’S THEOREM
3) (   2)2  4 along tan with x-axis
2
39. A 10 kg wt is suspended as shown below then
12 tension T1 & T2 are
4) (   2)  4 along tan   2 with x-axis
2

1) 20kg wt, 20kg wt 600


31. Given two vectors A = i - 2 j - 3k  and

 20 20
B = 4i - 2j + 6k . The angle made by (A + B)
T1
2) kgwt, kgwt
3 3
with the X - axis is (2007 M) T2

0 0 0 20 10
1) 30 2) 45 3) 60 4) 900 3) kgwt kgwt 10Kg
3 3
32. A room has dimensions 3mx4mx5m. A fly
20
starting at one corner ends up at the 4) kgwt 10 3 kgwt
diametrically opposite corner. The magnitude 3
of the displacement of the fly is 40. A 10 kg body is suspended by a rope is pulled
1) 12m 2) 60 m 3) 2 5 m 4) 5 2 m by means of a horizontal force to make 60 0
33. The position vector of a particle is given by by rope to vertical. The horizantal force is
r = 3t 2i + 4t 2 j + 7k m at a given time ‘t’. The 1) 10 kgwt 2) 30 kgwt
net displacement of the particle after 10s is.
3) 10 3 kgwt 4) 30 3 kgwt
1) 500 m 2) 400 m 3) 300 m 4) 700 m

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41. ‘A’ and ‘B’ are the two pegs seperated by 47. A person is walking in rain feels the velocity
13 cm. A body of 169 Kgwt is suspended by of rain as twice to his velocity. At which angle
thread of 17 cm connecting to A & B, such he should hold the umbrella with vertical if he
that the two segments of strings are moves forward, if it is raining vertically
perpendicular. Then tensions in shorter and downwards
longer parts of string having are 1) 30° 2) 45° 3) 60° 4) 90°
1) 100 kgwt, 69 kgwt 2) 65 kgwt, 156 kgwt 48. When it is raining vertically down, to a man
3) 156 kgwt, 65 kgwt 4) 69 kgwt, 100 kgwt walking on road the velocity of rain appears to
be 1.5 times his velocity. To protect himself
42. If ‘P’ is in equilibrium then T1 / T2 is
from rain he should hold the umbrella at an
1) 3 T 1
T 2
angle  to vertical. Then tan  =
600
2) 2 300
2 5 2 3
1) 2) 3) 4)
3) 1/ 3 5 2 3 2
49. A shower of rain appears to fall vertically
4) 1/ 2 900 N
downwards with a velocity of 12 kmph on a
person walking west wards with a velocity of
RELATIVE VELOCITY &
5 kmph. The actual velocity and direction of
RAIN UMBRELLA PROBLEMS
the rain are
43. A person ‘P’ in train moving due south with 1) 7.5 kmph, clockwise to vertical
80 kmph and his friend Q moving due west at 2) 13 kmph, anticlockwise to vertical
60 kmph Q finds that P is travelling with a velocity 3) 13 kmph, clockwise to vertical
of
4) 17 kmph, clockwise to vertical
1 4
1) 100 kmph, Tan   S of E RIVER – BOAT PROBLEMS
3
50. A man can swim in still water at a speed of
41 4kmph. He desires to cross a river flowing at
2) 100 kmph, Tan   E of S
3 a speed of 3 kmph in the shortest time interval.
3) 100 kmph S of E 4) 100 kmph N of E The direction in which he has to swim is
1) making an angle tan –1 3/4 with the normal
44. A person crossing a road with a certain to the river flow
velocity due north sees a car moving
2) making an angle sin –1 3/4 with the normal
towards east. The relative velocity of the car
to the river flow
w.r.t the person is 2 times that of the
3) making an angle Cos –1 3/4 with the normal
velocity of the person. The angle made by
to the river flow
the relative velocity with the east is
4) making an angle 90o with the river flow
1) 300 2) 450 3) 600 4) 900
51. A boat takes 4 hr upstream and 2hr down the
45. A particle is moving eastwards with a velocity
stream for covering the same distance. The
15ms–1. Suddenly it moves towards north and
ratio of velocity of boat to the water in river is
moves with the same speed in a time 10 sec.
1) 1 : 3 2) 3 : 1 3) 1: 3 4) 3 :1
The average acceleration during this time is
52. A man can swim in still water at a speed of
1) 3/ 2 NE 2) 3 2 NE (1997) 4kmph. He desires to cross a river flowing at
3) 3/ 2 NW 4) 3 2 NW a speed of 3 kmph in the shortest time interval.
46. A ship ‘A’ steams down to North at 16 kmph, if the width of the river is 3km time taken to
and ship ‘B’ due west at 12 kmph. Relative cross the river (in hours) and the horizontal
velocity of B of w.r.t. A is distance travelled (in km) are respectively
1) 10 kmph 2) 25 kmph 3 9 3 1 15 3
1) , 2) ,3 3) , 4) ,7
3) 6 kmph 4) 20 kmph 4 4 5 4 4 7

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53. The width of a river is 2 3 km. A boat. is 63. The magnitudes of two vectors are 3 and 4
rowed in direction perpendicular to the banks units and their scalar product is 6 units. The
of river. If the drift of the boat due to flow is angle between the vectors is
2km, the diplacement of the boat is    
1) rad 2) rad 3) rad 4) rad
1) 3 km 2) 6 km 3) 5 km 4) 4 km 3 6 2 4
54. Person aiming to reach the exactly opposite 64. The work done by a force (2i - j + 5k) when it
point on the bank of a stream is swimming with displaces the body from a point (3,4,-6) to a
a speed of 0.5 ms –1 at an angle of 1200 with point (7,2,5) is
the direction of flow of water.The speed of 1) 65 units 2) 61 units
water in the stream is 3) 45 units 4) 35 units
1) 1 ms –1 2) 0.25 ms –1  
65. If p and q are two unit vectors and the angle
3) 0.67 ms –1 4) 3 ms –1  
(1 + p.q )
*55. A boat moves perpendicualar to the bank with between them is 600 then   is
(1- p.q)
a velocity of 7.2 km/h. The current carries it
150 m downstream, the time required to cross 1) 2 2) 3 3) 0 4) 1/2
the river. (The width of the river is 0.5 km). CROSS PRODUCT
1) 4.16min 2) 2.15min 3) 3.11min 4) 5.11min
66. (i+j) x (i-j) =
*56.A swimmer is capable of swimming 1) -2k 2) 2k 3) zero 4) 2i
1.65 ms–1 in still water. If she swims directly
67. The radius vector r =2i+5k and the angular
across a 180 m wide river whose current is 
0.85 m/s, How long will it take her to reach velocity of a particle is w = 3i - 4k . Then the
the other side ? linear velocity of the particle is
1) 1.82 min 2) 20 min 3) 4 min 4) 4.8 min 1) 15 iˆ - 8 ĵ + 6 k̂ 2) 2 iˆ + 3 ĵ + k̂
3) 15 iˆ + 8 ĵ - 6 k̂ 4) - 23 ĵ
DOT PRODUCT
 68. If the dot product of two vectors is equal to
*57. Find the angle between A = i +2j – k and
 the magnitude of the cross product of the same
B = –i+j – 2k. vectors, then the angle between the vectors is
1) 300 2) 450 3) 600 4) 900   
  1) rad 2) rad 3) rad 4)  rad
*58. If F =3i + 4j +5k and S = 6i +2j+5k, find the 2 4 3
work done by the force. *69. If F = 2i + 3j – k and r = i – j + 6k find r x F
1) 51 units 2) 20 units 1) – 17i + 13j + 5k 2) –17i – 13j – 5k
3) 30 units 4) 41 units 3) 3i + 4j – 5k 4) – 3i – 4j + 5k
59. A vector perpendicular to the vector(3i+5j) is
70. Area of a parallelogram formed by vectors
1) 5 iˆ -3 k̂ 2) 5 iˆ +3 ĵ 3) 3 iˆ -5 ĵ 4) 5 k̂
 
60. If A = 7i+2j-3k and B = i+j+2ck are
 3iˆ - 2jˆ + kˆ  m and  ˆi + 2jˆ + 3kˆ  m is
perpendicular vectors, the value of c is 1) 3 8 m2 2) 24 m2
1) -1.5 2) 1.5 3) 3 4) zero 3) 8 3m2 4) 4 3m2
   
*61. If F = i +2j+k and V =4i – j + 7k find F .V 71. Find the values of x and y for which vectors
 
1) 6W 2) 9W 3) 13W 4) 12W A = 6i + xj - 2k and B = 5i - 6j - yk may be
 
62. If A  5i  2 j  3k and B  2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ ,
ˆ ˆ ˆ parellel
  2 36 5
component of B along A is 1) x  0, y  2) x  ,y 
3 5 3
14 28 28 14
1) 2) 3) 4) 15 23 36 15
38 38 38 38 3) x  ,y  4) x  ,y 
3 5 3 14

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PHYSICS - I A ELEMENTS OF VECTORS

72. If a,b are the magnitudes of vectors a & b 2. Resultant of two vectors of magnitudes P and

  
and a.b = 0 the value of | a x b | is Q is of magnitude ‘Q’. If the magnitude of Q
is doubled now the angle made by new
1) 0 2) ab 3) ab 4) a/b 
resultant with P is
2 2
73. A x B   A . B  is equal to 1) 300 2) 900 3) 600 4) 1200
1) A2 + B2 2) A2B2 3) 2A2 B2 4) Zero 3. The two forces 2 2N and xN are acting at a
  
point their resultant is perpendicular to xN
74. If P = i + j + 2k and Q = 3i - 2j + k, the unit
and having magnitude of 6 N. The angle
vector perpendicular to both P and Q is
between the two forces and magnitude of x are
ˆi + ˆj -kˆ
1) 2) 5  ˆi + ˆj - kˆ  1)   120 0 , x  2N 2)   30 0 , x  2N
3 3)   150 0 , x  3N 4)   150 0 , x  2N
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ 1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
3)
3
 i - j+ k  4)
25

i + j- k  4. Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at a point,
having resultant as F. If F2 is doubled F is also
75. Two sides of a triangle are given by i  j  k doubled. If F 2 is reversed then also F is
doubled. Then F1 : F2 : F is
and i  2j  3k , then area of triangle is
1) 2: 2: 3 2) 3: 3: 2
1) 26 2) 26 / 2 3) 46 4) 26
3) 3: 2: 3 4) 2: 3: 2
ANSWERS 5. When forces F 1 , F 2 , F 3 are acting on a
1) 4 2) 1 3) 4 4) 2 5) 2 particle of mass m such that F2 and F3 are
mutually perpendicular, then the particle
6) 3 7) 2 8) 4 9) 2 10) 3
remains stationary, If the force F 1 is now
11) 4 12) 3 13) 4 14) 3 15) 3
removed then acceleration of the particle is
16) 4 17) 3 18) 1 19) 4 20) 2
1) F1 / m 2) F1 F3 / mF1
21) 4 22) 3 23) 2 24) 4 25) 4
26) 1 27) 1 28) 2 29) 2 30) 3 3)  F2  F3  / m 4) F2 / m
31) 2 32) 4 33) 1 34) 1 35) 2 6. The square of the resultant of two forces 4N
36) 2 37) 1 38) 4 39) 3 40) 3 and 3N exceeds the square of the resultant of
41) 3 42) 3 43) 1 44) 2 45) 3 the two forces by 12 when they are mutually
46) 4 47) 1 48) 1 49) 3 50) 4 perpendicular. The angle between the vectors is
51) 2 52) 1 53) 4 54) 2 55) 1 1) 30° 2) 60° 3) 90° 4) 120°
56) 1 57) 3 58) 1 59) 4 60) 2 7. The resultant of three vectors 1,2 and 3 units
61) 2 62) 4 63) 1 64) 1 65) 2 whose directions are those of the sides of an
66) 1 67) 4 68) 2 69) 1 70) 3 equilateral triangle is at an angle of
71) 2 72) 2 73) 2 74) 1 75) 2 1) 300 with the first vector
2) 150 with the first vector
EXERCISE – III 3) 1000 with the first vector
(CLASS WORK) 4) 1500 with the first vector

ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION 8. A person moving on a motor cycle in a ground

1. Two vectors of equal magnitude P are inclined takes a turn through 600 on his left after every
at some angle such that the difference in 50 m. Then find the magnitude of displacement
magnitude of resultant and magnitude of either suffered by him after 9th turn
D 60 0
of the vectors is 0.732 times either of the 1) 100 m 60 0
C

magnitude of vectors. If the angle between them 2) 50 m 600

E
is increased by half of its initial value then find 600
B
the magnitude of difference of the vectors 3) 50 3 m
600
4) 20 m O
1) 2 P 2) 2P 3) 3 P 4) 3P 600 A

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*9. At what angle two vectors of magnitudes A + B RELATIVE VELOCITY &

and A – B act, so that their resultant is RAIN UMBRELLA PROBLEMS
3A2 + B 2 ? 16. A ship is moving due east with a velocity of 12
1) 300 2) 450 3) 600 4) 900 m/ sec, a truck is moving across on the ship
POSITION VECTOR, COMPONENTS OF with velocity4m/sec. A monkey is climbing the
vertical pole mounted on the truck with a
VECTORS, UNIT VECTORS &
velocity of 3m/sec. Find the velocity of the
LAMI’S THEOREM monkey as observed by the man on the shore

10. A vector Q which has a magnitude of 8 is 1) 10 m/sec 2) 15 m/sec
 3) 13 m/sec 4) 20 m/sec
added to the vector P which lies along the
X-axis. The resultant of these two vectors is a 17. Two stones are projected from the top of a

third vector R which lies along the Y-axis and tower in opposite directions, with the same

has a magnitude twice that of P . The velocity V but at 30 0 & 600 with horizontal

magnitude of P is (2004 M) respectively. The relative velocity of first stone
6 8 12 16 relative to second stone is
1) 2) 3) 4) 2V V
5 5 5 5 1) 2 V 2) 2V 3) 4)
 3 2
11. If a vector A makes angles 450 and 600 with
x and y axis respectively then the angle made 18. A train is travelling relative to the earth at
by it with z - axis is velocity of 15ms –1 . A person in the train is
1) 300 2) 600 3) 900 4) 1200 walking relative to train at a velocity of 1ms–1
in the direction of motion of the train. The
12. The rectangular components of a vector lying
velocity of the person relative to the earth is
in xy plane are (n+1) and 1. If co.ordinate
system is turned by 60 0 . They are n & 3 1) 14 ms-1 2) 16 ms-1 3) 8 ms-1 4) 7 ms-1
respectively the value of ‘n’ 19. A car ‘A’ is moving in N-E direction at 80 kmph
1) 2 2) 3 3) 2.5 4) 3.5 another car ‘B’ in the S–E direction with 60
13. Two particles having position vectors kmph. The direction of velocity A relative to B
     
r1  (3 i  5j )m and r2  (5 i  3 j )m are makes angle  to the north. Then  is
  
moving
 withvelocities V1  ( 4i - 4 j)ms 1 and 1) Tan-1 1/7 2) Tan-1 3/4
V2  (a i  3 j)ms 1 . If they collide after 3) Tan-1 7 4) Tan-1 4/3
2 seconds, the value of 'a' is (2003 E)
20. A motor car A is travelling with a velocity of
1) 2 2) 4 3) 6 4) 8 20 m/s in the north–west direction and another
14. If four forces act at a point ‘O’ as shown in motor car B is travelling with a velocity of 15
the figure and if O is in equilibrium then the m/s in the north–east direction. The magnitude
value of '  ' & ‘P’ are of relative velocity of B with respect to A is
1) 150, 10 2N 10N
1) 25 m/s 2) 15 m/s 3) 20 m/s 4) 35 m/s
2) 450, 10 N P


0 21. A monkey is climbing a vetical pillar with a

3) 75 , 10 2 N 45 0
10 N

velocity of 5 ms–1 and a boy is running towards

4) 900 , 20 N 10 2 N
15. A uniform rod of 3kg and length 1m is suspen-
ded from a fixed point by means of two strings
of length 0.6m and 0.8m which are attached
to the free ends of rod, such that rod is horizan-
tal Find the tensions in the string in kgwt are
1) 1.8, 2.4 2) 1.2, 1.6 3) 3, 1.8 4) 2.4, 3.6
the pillar with a velocity of 5 3ms 1 . Velocity
of boy relative to monkey is
1) 10 ms–1 at 300 with the horizontal
2) 10 ms–1 at 600 with the horizontal
3) 8 3 ms–1 at 800 with the horizontal
4) 8 3 ms–1 at 600 with the horizontal

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22. When two bodies approach each other with 27. Rain, pouring down at an angle a with the ver--
the different speeds, the distance between then tical has a speed of 10 m/s. A girl runs against
decreases by 120m for every one minute. If the rain with a speed of 8 m/s and sees that the
they are moving in direction, the distance rain makes an angle b with the vertical, then
between them increases by 90m for every one relation between a and b is
minute. The speeds of the bodies are 8 + 10 sin a 8 + 10 cos a
1) 2ms-1 and 0.5 ms-1 2) 3ms-1 and 2ms-1 1) tan b = 2) tan b =
10 cos a 10 sin a
3) 1.75ms-1 and 0.25ms -1 10 sin a 10 cos a
3) tan b = 4) tan b = 8 + 10 sin a
4) 2.5ms-1 and 0.5ms-1 8 + 10 cos a

23. A boat going down stream crosses a float at a 28. To a man walking at the rate of 2 kmph the
point A. ‘t1’ minutes later the boat reverses its rain appears to fall vertically, when he doubles
direction and in the next ‘t2’ minutes it crosses his speed, the rain appears to fall at 300 to the
the float at a distance L from the point A. The vertical. The magnitude of actual velocity of
velocity of the river is the rain is
1) 2L/t1 2) L/(t1+2t2) 1) 2 kmph 2) 4 kmph.
3) 2L/(2t1+t2 ) 4) L/2t1 3) 6 kmph 4) 3 kmph
RIVER – BOAT PROBLEMS
24. Two persons P and Q are located in x – y plane
29. The velocity of a boat in still water is 10 m/s.
at points (0, 0) and (0, 10) respectively.
 At t = 0 If water flows in the river with a velocity of 6
they ˆ
 start moving simultaneously Vp = 4 j and m/s what is the difference in times taken to
VQ = 4iˆ m/sec. The time after which P and Q cross the river in the shortest path and the
are at closest distance is shortest time. The width of the river is 80 m.
1) 1.25sec 2) 2.5sec 3
1) 1s 2) 10s 3) s 4) 2s
3) 5 2 sec 4) 2 5 sec 2
25. It is raining at a speed of 5 ms–1 at an angle 30. A river is of width 120m which flows at a speed
370 to vertical, towards east. A man is moving of 8ms –1 . If a man swims with a speed of
to west with a velocity of 5 ms –1 . The angle 5ms–1 at an angle of 1270 with the stream, his
with the vertical at which he has to hold the drift on reaching other bank is
umbrella to protect himself from rain is 1) 50 m 2) 150 m 3) 200 m 4) 300 m
1) Tan– 1 (2) to west 2) Tan– 1 (2) to east 31. A river is flowing from west to east at a speed
3) Tan –1 (1/2) to south 4) Tan–1 (1/2) to east of 5 m per minute. A man on the south bank
26. To a man walking at 7 kmph due west, the wind of the river, capable of swimming at 10 m per
appears to blow from the north-west but when minute in still water wants to swim across the
he walks at 3 kmph due west, the wind appears river to a point directly opposite point. He
to blow from north. The magnitude and actual should then swim in a direction.
direction of wind are 1) 300 W of N 2) 600 W of N
æ3 ö
÷ east of north 2) 300 E of N 4) 600 E of N
1) 5 kmph, tan ççç ÷
- 1

è 4 ø÷ 32. A boat takes 4 hrs to travel certain distance

æ3 ö÷ in a river in down stream and it takes 6 hrs to
2) 5 kmph, tan ççç ÷
- 1
north of east
è 4 ø÷ travel the same distance in upstream. Then the
- 1 æ3 ö ÷ east of north time taken by the boat to travel the same
3) 4kmph, tan ççç ÷
è 4 ø÷ distance in still water is
- 1 æ3 ö
1) 4.8 hrs 2) 9.8 hrs
4) 58 kmph, tan ççç ÷
÷ north of east
è 4 ø÷ 3) 24 hrs 4) 10 hrs

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DOT PRODUCT 39. A particle of mass 80 units is moving with a

  uniform speed V  4 2 units In XY plane,
   
   ( )
33. If A  2i  3j and B = i - j then compo- along a line y = x + 5. The magnitude of the
 angular momentum of the particle about the
nent of A perpendicular to vector B and in
the same plane is origin is
5   5   1) 1600 units 2) 160 2 units
1)
2
 
i j
2
i j 2)   3) 152 2 units 4) 16 2 units
5   5      
3)
2
 
i j 4)
2
ik     
40. Find the value of a  b  a  b  
   
    
34. If A + B = R and 2A + B is perpendicular

1) a  b  
2) 2 a  b 
  

to B then  
3) 2 a.b 4) 2 a  b  
1) A = R 2) B = 2R
ANSWERS
3) B = R 4) B = A
1) 2 2) 2 3) 1 4) 4 5) 1
35. Velocity and acceleration vectors of charged
particle moving perpendicular to the direction 6) 2 7) 1 8) 1 9) 3 10) 2
of magnetic field at a given instant of time are 11) 2 12) 4 13) 4 14) 4 15) 1

J = 2i + cj and a  3i  4j respectively. Then 16) 3 17) 2 18) 2 19) 1 20) 1
the value of ‘c’ is (2007 E)
21) 1 22) 3 23) 4 24) 1 25) 1
1) 3 2) 1.5 3) – 1.5 4) –3
26) 1 27) 1 28) 2 29) 4 30) 2
CROSS PRODUCT
31) 1 32) 1 33) 1 34) 1 35) 3

36. A force of F = ˆi + ˆj + kˆ is acting at a point 36) 3 37) 2 38) 4 39) 1 40) 4
(–2,3,4) The moment of force about (1, 2, 3) is
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
1) -4jˆ + 4kˆ 2) - ˆj + kˆ 3) 4jˆ - 4kˆ 4) -4kˆ
Comprehension - I (1 - 3) :
37. A body of mass 2 kg is projected with a speed
V at an angle 45° to the horizontal, When the The velocity of a boat w.r.t. water is 5 kmph.
body is at the highest point in it's path, angular A person wants to cross the river of width 500
momentum of the body about the point of m in the boat. The velocity of flow of water is
projection is, 4 kmph.
i, ˆj are unit vectors in vertical plane  1. The minimum time taken by him to corss the
river in minutes
V3 V3 ˆ V3 ˆ V3
1)
4g
k̂ 2)
4g
-k  
3)
4g
j  4)
4g
î 1) 10 2) 8 3) 6 4) 4
2. If the person rows the boat in a direction
 1 1
38. If A  cos  ˆi  sin  ˆj , what will be always making an anlge 127 0 with the flow,
2 2  the drift of the boat
the unit vector perpendicular to A 1) 200 m 2) 100 m 3) 60 m 4) zero
1) cos i  sin j 2)  cos i  sin j 3. If the person rows the boat always at an angle
1270 with the flow, the time taken by him to
cos i  sin j cross the river in minutes
3) 4) sin  i  c o s  j
2 1) 10.5 2) 9 3) 7.5 4) 6

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* Comprehension - II (4 - 5) : 7. The component of the force along the

A ferry boat travels between two points A and displacement of the body
5 (2iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ) 5
B on the banks of a river shown in fig. always 1) 2) (iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ )
following the line AB. The distance S between 6 6
5 (iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ ) 5
points A and B is 1,200 m. The velocity of the 3) 4) (iˆ  ˆj  2 kˆ)
10 6
river current v = 1.9 ms–1 is constant over the
entire width of the river. The line AB makes an 8. Angle between the displacement and force
angle a = 600 with the direction of the current. 1) cos
1 25
2) cos
48
The angle b remains the same during the 54 54
passage from A to B and from B to A. 1 25 48
3) sin 4) tan
54 54
B
Comprehension - IV (9 - 11) :
v u b A force of (iˆ + 2jˆ + 3k)
ˆ N is acting on a body
having position vecotr (3iˆ + ˆj + 2k)
ˆ in the same
a frame of reference
A 9. The moment of the force about the origin is
1) iˆ  7 ˆj  7kˆ 2) 7iˆ  11 ˆj  5kˆ
4. With what velocity u, the ferry boat move to
3) iˆ  11 ˆj  7kˆ 4) 7iˆ  10 ˆj  7kˆ
cover the distance AB and back in a time t = 5
minutes ? 10. The direction of the moment of force is
1) 8ms–1 2) 4ms–1 3) 6ms–1 4) 10ms–1 iˆ  11 ˆj  7kˆ 7iˆ  10 ˆj  7kˆ
1) 2)
171 198
5. With what angle b to the line AB should the
ferry boat move to cover the distance AB and iˆ  7 ˆj  5kˆ 7iˆ  11 ˆj  5kˆ
3) 4)
back in a time t = 5 minutes ? 75 195
1) 120 2) 240 3) 300 4) 600 11. The area of triangle formed by the force vector
and position vector is
Comprehension - III (6 - 8) :
1) 5 3 2) 2.5 3 3) 10 3 4) 1.25 3
A force (2ˆi + ˆj + 2k)
ˆ N is acting on a body
shifted it from (1, 2, 1) to (2, 1, 3) in the same ANSWERS
frame of reference 1) 3 2) 2 3) 3 4) 1 5) 1
6. The work doen by the force in Joule is 6) 2 7) 4 8) 1 9) 1 10) 3
1) 6 2) 5 3) 4 4) 11 11) 2
U

AKASH MULTIMEDIA 123