University of Saint Louis

Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING – LEVEL III

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Predisposing Factors:

 Age Precipitating Factors:

 Living in tropical area
 Presence of stagnant
 Living in cities or semi
water in surrounding area.
cities
 Seasons of rain

Aedes Aegypti (Dengue virus carrier):

8-12 days of viral replication on
mosquitos salivary glans

Bites of Mosquito Redness and

(Portal Entry in the Itchiness in the
Skin) area

Allowing dengue virus to be

inoculated towards the circulation or
blood (incubation period: 3-14 days )
 University of Saint Louis
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500
SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING – LEVEL III

Diagnostic:
Virus disseminated rapidly into the blood and stimulates
WBC’s including B lymphocytes that produces and WBC: L 2.7 X10^9/L
secretes immunoglobulins (antibodies) and (4.5-11.0)
monocytes/macrophages neutrophils.
Lymphocytes: L16 % (20-40)

Diagnostic:
Antibodies attach to the viral antigens and then
Monocytes: H 12 % monocytes/ macrophages will perform phagocytosis
(2-6) through Fc receptor (FcR) within the cells and dengue
Neutrophils: L 37 % (50-70) virus replicates in the cells of monocytes/ macrophages.
Entry to
Entry to
the
the bone
spleen
marrow
and liver
Recognition of
dengue viral
antigen on infected
monocyte by
cytotoxic T cells

Release cytokines which consists of vasoactive agents

such as interleukins, tumor, necrosis factor, urokinase
and platelet activating factors which stimulates WBC’s
and pyrogen release.
 University of Saint Louis
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500
SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING – LEVEL III

Signs and Symptoms: Dengue

 Febrile: 38.5 C Fever
 Diaphoresis
 Warm skin
 Flushed
 Headache of 3/10 pain scale
 Whitish spots; Body weakness

Virus ultimately target

liver and spleen
parenchymal cells
where infection
produces
apoptosis/cells death
Cellular direct destruction
and infection of redbone
marrow precursor cells as
well as immunological
shortened platelet survival
causing platelet lyses.

Hepatosplenomegaly
Thrombocytopenia Platelet: L43 X10^9/L
(150-450)
Abdominal pain with
Dengue Hemorrhagic
5/10 pain scale as
verbalized.  Red sclera in
both eyes
 Petechiae
 University of Saint Louis
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500
SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING – LEVEL III

Increase number and size of the

pores in the capillaries which
leads to leakage of fluid from the
blood to the intestinal fluid
(capillary leakage) of the
different organs and skin.

Profuse non-productive cough

with white sputum with blood Pleural effusion Ascites
spots noted; shallow and rapid
respirations of 21 cpm, crackles/
rales.

Recovery
Complications:

 Intense bleeding
LEGENDS:  Pulmonary edema
 Shock
PREDISPOSING FACTORS  Very low blood
pressure
PRECIPITATING FACTORS
 Liver cirrhosis
PATHOGENESIS MORPHOLOGIC  Death
CHANGES

Signs and Symptoms

Diagnosis

Complications