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    CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC: C C CCCCCC C

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    The document contains figures and page numbers describing various modulation techniques including: - SSB generation using a balanced modulator and bandpass filter (Fig. 2.9) - SSB generation using a balanced mixer in addition to a modulator and filter (Fig. 2.10) - Armstrong or indirect FM method using a balanced modulator, frequency multiplier, and mixer (Fig. 3.6) - Slope detector block diagram for demodulating an FM signal (Fig. 3.9(a)) - Balanced slope detector circuit diagram (Fig. 3.10(b)) - Classification of pulse modulation techniques including PCM, DM, ADM, DPCM, ADPCM (

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    CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC: C C CCCCCC C

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    ananth_cdm
    28 views9 pages
    The document contains figures and page numbers describing various modulation techniques including: - SSB generation using a balanced modulator and bandpass filter (Fig. 2.9) - SSB generation using a balanced mixer in addition to a modulator and filter (Fig. 2.10) - Armstrong or indirect FM method using a balanced modulator, frequency multiplier, and mixer (Fig. 3.6) - Slope detector block diagram for demodulating an FM signal (Fig. 3.9(a)) - Balanced slope detector circuit diagram (Fig. 3.10(b)) - Classification of pulse modulation techniques including PCM, DM, ADM, DPCM, ADPCM (

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    The document contains figures and page numbers describing various modulation techniques including: - SSB generation using a balanced modulator and bandpass filter (Fig. 2.9) - SSB generation using a balanced mixer in addition to a modulator and filter (Fig. 2.10) - Armstrong or indirect FM method using a balanced modulator, frequency multiplier, and mixer (Fig. 3.6) - Slope detector block diagram for demodulating an FM signal (Fig. 3.9(a)) - Balanced slope detector circuit diagram (Fig. 3.10(b)) - Classification of pulse modulation techniques including PCM, DM, ADM, DPCM, ADPCM (

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    28 views9 pages

    CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC: C C CCCCCC C

    Uploaded by

    ananth_cdm
    The document contains figures and page numbers describing various modulation techniques including: - SSB generation using a balanced modulator and bandpass filter (Fig. 2.9) - SSB generation using a balanced mixer in addition to a modulator and filter (Fig. 2.10) - Armstrong or indirect FM method using a balanced modulator, frequency multiplier, and mixer (Fig. 3.6) - Slope detector block diagram for demodulating an FM signal (Fig. 3.9(a)) - Balanced slope detector circuit diagram (Fig. 3.10(b)) - Classification of pulse modulation techniques including PCM, DM, ADM, DPCM, ADPCM (

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    of 9

    P.No.

    Fig. 1.6 Sine wave

    P.No.20

    Modulating Signal em

    Balanced Modulator

    Band pass filter

    SSB Signal

    Carrier

    Signal ec

    Fig. 2.9 Filter method of SSB generation

    Modulating Signal em

    Balanced Modulator

    Band pass filter

    Balanced mixer

    SSB signal

    Carrier Signal ec

    Crystal oscillator

    Fig 2.10 Filter method of SSB generation with mixer

    P.No.41

    90 Phase Shifter

    Crystal Oscillator

    Balanced modulator

    Frequency multiplier Narrow band FM

    Mixer

    Frequency Multiplier Wide band FM

    Integrator Modulating signal

    Crystal oscillator

    Fig. 3.6 Armstrong method or Indirect method

    P.No.43

    FM input

    Frequency selective network

    Diode detector Modulating signal

    Fig. 3.9(a) Block diagram of slope detector

    P.No.44
    SD1

    V1

    Frequency selective network

    Diode detector

    FM signal

    Subtractor

    Modulating signal Frequency selective network Diode detector


    V2

    SD2

    Fig. 3.10(a) Block diagram of balanced slope detector

    P.No.45

    D1

    f1 FM signal V f2

    D2
    Fig. 3.10(b) Circuit diagram of balanced slope detectors

    P.No.52
    Pulse modulation

    Analog Pulse modulation

    Digital Pulse modulation

    Pulse amplitude modulation

    Pulse time modulation

    1. Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) 2. Delta Modulation (DM) 3. Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM)

    Pulse duration modulation

    Pulse position modulation

    4. Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM) 5. Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM)

    Fig. 4.1 Classification of Pulse Modulation Techniques

    P.No.57

    x(t)

    (a) Analog signal

    (b) Sampling signal P(t)

    (c) Naturally sampled signal x(t) P(t)

    Fig. 4.8 Natural Sampling

    P.No.58

    x(t) (a) Analog signal

    P(t)

    (b) Sampling signal

    x(t) P(t)

    (c) Flat topped signal

    Fig. 4.9 Flat - top sampling

    Continuous samples x(t)

    Quantizer

    Discrete samples xq(t)

    P.No.62.
    quantized PAM Continuous time modulating signal x(t) Anti-aliasing filter Sampler PAM signal
    (a) Transmitter

    Quantizer

    Encoder PCM signal to communication channel

    PCM signal from communication channel

    PAM signal Quantizer quantized PAM (b) Receiver Decoder Filter x'(t) continuous time modulating signal

    Fig. 4.12 PCM System

    P.No.64
    flat top samples Analog modulating signal Sample and hold circuit
    +

    differential PAM

    quantized differential PAM Encoder Encoded pulses


    7

    Quantizer (difference amplifier) Predictor

    (a) Transmitter

    quantized differential PAM DPCM signal


    7

    Decoder

    Low Pass Filter Predictor

    Analog modulating signal

    (b) Receiver

    Fig. 4.13 DPCM System

    P.No.66

    Slope overload hunting

    x(t) x(t)

    Start up response
    Fig. 4.15 - Quantization error in Delta Modulation

    P.No.67

    x(t)

    x(t)

    basic step size S Fig. 4.16 - Adaptive delta modulation

    P.No.69 Digital or Analog data x(t) Digital or Analog data x(t)

    Modulator

    Demodulator Analog signal y(t)

    Fig. 5.1(a) Modulationtechnique

    Digital or Analog data x(t)

    Encoding

    Decoding Analog signal y(t)

    Digital or Analog data x(t)

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