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Concrete Durability Report

Table 9-8 SBC 304-07 Requirements for Sulphate Exposure

Sulphate Water- Sulphate Cement Type Max. Water- Min. Min. f’c,
Exposure Soluble (SO4) in Cementitious Cementitious MPa
Sulphate Water, ppm Ratio, by Materials
(SO4) Weight* Content,
in Soil, % by kg/m3
Weight
Negligible 0.00 to 0.1 0 to 150 - - - -
Moderate+ 0.1 to 0.2 150 to 500 II 0.50 330 28
Severe 0.2 to 2.0 1500 to 10000 V 0.45 350 30
Very Over 2.0 Over 10000 V plus 0.45 350 30
Severe+ Pozzolan
++
+ If sulphate ions are associated with magnesium ions, supplementary protection, such as application of a
barrier coating, is required,

++Pozzolan that conforms to relevant ASTM standards or that is shown to improve the sulphate resistance
by service records should only be used.

SBC 304-07 table below provides requirements for chloride exposure conditions as summarised in the table
below:

Table 9-9 SBC 304-07 Requirements for Chloride Exposure

Chloride Water- Chloride (Cl-) Cement Type Max. Water- Min. Min. f’c,
Exposure Soluble in Water, Cementitious Cementitious MPa
Chloride (Cl-) ppm Ratio, by Materials
in Soil, % by Weight* Content,
Weight kg/m3
Negligible < 0.05 < 500 - - - -
Moderate 0.05 to 0.1 500 to 2000 - 0.50 330 28
Severe 0.1 to 0.5 2000 to 10000 I 0.45 350 30
Very > 0.5 > 10000 I plus 0.40 370 35
Severe Pozzolan
+

+ Pozzolan that conforms to relevant standards shall only be used.

SBC 304-07 Clause 4.5.1 provides recommendations for durability when concrete is subject to sulphate plus
chloride exposure. This provision states that if concrete is exposed to both chlorides and sulphates, the
lowest applicable maximum water-cementitious materials ratio and highest minimum cementitious materials
content of above tables shall be selected. The corresponding highest fc’ shall be the governing value for
quality control purposes. The cement type shall be the one required by Table above. The provisions of this
clause are based upon the principle that since reinforcement corrosion is the major form of concrete
deterioration in a chloride-sulphate environment and as sulphate ions do not penetrate deeper into the
concrete cover, it is suggested to use the cement type specified in Table above, rather than that dictated by
the severity of the sulphate exposure conditions.

The Requirements from CS163

Similar to the provisions of BS 8500-1 and BRE SD1, Concrete Society report CS163 assesses the ground
conditions by analysis of groundwater and water/soil extracts and consideration of groundwater mobility and
pH to give an Arabian Peninsula sulphate classification.

Atkins Concrete Durability Report | Rev 1 | 5 April 2017 | 5147554 44