Management Concepts: An Overview: Dr. Jamil Anwar

Management Concepts: An Overview
Dr. Jamil Anwar

PhD (Management), MSc (Statistics), MBA (Finance), DAIBP, OCP
Email: jamilanwar@cuiatd.edu.pk; Cell: 0333-2122634
COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus

Definition of Management:
Management is the
process of designing
and maintaining an
environment in which
individuals, working
together in groups,
efficiently and
effectively accomplish
selected aims or goals
What Is An Organization?
• An Organization is a deliberate
arrangement of people to
accomplish some specific purpose
(that individuals independently
could not accomplish alone).
• Common Characteristics of
Organizations
• Have a distinct purpose (goal)
• Composed of people
• Have a deliberate structure
Common Characteristics of Organizations
Goals Structure People


B
A
Objective of Management?
Means Ends
Efficiency Effectiveness
Goals
Goal Attainment
Resource Usage
Low High
Waste Attainment
Functions of Management
Figure 1.2
Resources
•Human
Planning Organizing
•Financial Assign responsibility
Select goals and
•Raw Materials ways to attain for task
them accomplishment
•Technological
•Information
Performance
•Attain goals Controlling Leading
•Products
Monitor activities & Use influence to
•Services make corrections motivate employees
•Efficiency
•Effectiveness
Need for Management/ Why Study management ?

Why Study Management?
• The better you can work with people, the
more successful you will be in both your
personal and your professional lives.

• Employers want to hire employees who can
participate in managing the firm.
• Even non-managers (Individual Contributors) are
being trained to perform management functions.

Why Study Management?
• The study of management builds the skills needed in today’s workplace to succeed in:
• Becoming a partner in managing your organization through participative
management.
• Working in a team and sharing in decision making and other management tasks.
• The study of management also applies directly to your personal life in helping you to:
• Communicate with and interact with people every day.
• Make personal plans and decisions, set goals, prioritize what you will do, and get
others to do things for you.
• Society Needs Leaders and Team Players
• Be Successful in our Community, Religious, Social, Professional, Recreational and
Other Organizations.
• Become Leaders for a “Just and Humane World”
Differences between Large and Small Businesses
ALSO OFTEN APPLIES TO NON-PROFITS AND CIVIC ORGANIZATIONS, WITH FOCUS ON THEIR MISSION
Who Are Managers?
• Someone who coordinates and
oversees the work of other
people so that organizational
goals can be accomplished.
What Do Managers Do?
• Management Functions (Different Scope at job level)
• Planning
• Setting objectives and determining in advance exactly (?) how the
objectives will be met.
• Monitor for Change and Anticipate or React
• PDCA – Plan – Do – Check - Act
• Organizing
• Delegating and coordinating tasks and allocating resources to
achieve objectives.
• Leading
• Influencing employees to work toward achieving objectives.
• Setting an Example (Shadow of the Leader)
• Controlling
• Establishing and implementing mechanisms to ensure that
objectives are achieved.
What Do Managers Do? (cont’d)
Skills Approach
• Technical skills
• Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field
• Human skills
• The ability to work well with other people
• Conceptual skills
• The ability to think and conceptualize about abstract and
complex situations concerning the organization
Managerial Concerns:
• Efficiency
• “Doing things right”
• Getting the most output for the least inputs
• Effectiveness
• “Doing the right things”
• Attaining organizational goals
Efficiency, Effectiveness, and Performance in an Organization
Supervise
Others
Top
Managers
Middle
Managers
First-Line
Managers
Work
Operative Employees
on Jobs
The Levels of an Organization

Levels of Management
CEO
COO Top Level Management
CIO
Middle Level Management General Manager

Plant Manager
Regional Manager
Office Manager
Shift Supervisor First-Line Management
Department Manager
Team Leader
Top Management Responsible for…
• Creating a context for change
• Developing attitudes of commitment and ownership in employees
• Creating a positive organizational culture through language and action
• Monitoring their business environments
Middle Management Responsible for:
• Setting objectives consistent with top management goals, planning strategies
• Coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions
• Monitoring and managing the performance of subunits and managers who report
to them
• Implementing the changes or strategies generated by top managers
Line-Managers are Responsible for:

• Managing the performance of entry-level employees
• Teaching entry-level employees how to do their jobs
• Making schedules and operating plans based on middle management’s
intermediate-range plans
Management Levels and Functional Areas

The Systems Relationship among the Management Functions
Planning Management
Functions
Controlling Organizing
Management
Skills
Leading
Skills @ Different Management Levels

Management Skills and Functions
Planning
Controlling Organizing
Leading
Specific Management Skills
• Handling conflicts
• Motivating employees
• Solving problems
• Handling information
• Growing and developing
• Controlling the environment
• Organizing and coordinating
Management Competencies
• Initiate and implement change and improvement
• Monitor, maintain, and improve delivery
• Monitor and control the use of resources
• Allocate resources effectively
• Recruit and select personnel
• Develop teams, individuals, and self
• Plan, allocate, and evaluate work
• Create, maintain, and enhance relationships
• Seek, evaluate, and organize information
• Exchange business information
Relative Amount of Time That Managers Spend on the Four Managerial Functions
Managerial Roles Approach (Mintzberg)
Managers play various roles as necessary while performing their

management functions so as to achieve organizational objectives.
The Roles That Managers Play

Small Firms Importance Large Firms
Spokesperson High Resource Allocator
Entrepreneur Liaison, Monitor

Figurehead Moderate Disturbance Handler
Leader Negotiator
Disseminator Low Entrepreneur

What Companies Look for in Managers
• Technical
• Interpersonal
• Conceptual
• Diagnostic
• Communication
• Decision-Making
• Time-Management
New Workplace Issues and Challenges
Technology and Speed
Networking and
Boundary less Globalization
Relationships and Diversity
Ethics and Knowledge,

Social Learning,
Responsibility Quality, and
Continuous
Improvement
Participative
Management, Knowledge
Empowerment, Management
and Teams
Change, Creativity, Innovation,
and Entrepreneurship
Building Blocks of Competitive Advantage
Management and Other Disciplines
• Anthropology
• Economics
• Philosophy
• Psychology
• Sociology
• Political Science
Thank You

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Management Concepts: An Overview

Dr. Jamil Anwar

COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus

Goals Structure People

Need for Management/ Why Study management ?

more successful you will be in both your

personal and your professional lives.

participate in managing the firm.

• Even non-managers (Individual Contributors) are

being trained to perform management functions.

The Levels of an Organization

Middle Level Management General Manager

Line-Managers are Responsible for:

Management Levels and Functional Areas

Skills @ Different Management Levels

Specific Management Skills

Managers play various roles as necessary while performing their

The Roles That Managers Play

Spokesperson High Resource Allocator

Entrepreneur Liaison, Monitor

Disseminator Low Entrepreneur

Ethics and Knowledge,

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