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PPM Studio - Final Prese
PPM Studio - Final Prese
PROJECT PROCUREMENT
MANAGEMENT SPA/NS/BEM/759
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
CONTENT
Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Institute of Archaeology
8. CHANGE MANAGEMENT 87 – 93
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PROJECT INTRODUCTION
Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Institute of Archaeology
Location: Galgotias University
Road, Knowledge Park II
Greater Noida , INDIA
Project Type: Educational
(Administrative and Academic
campus)
Year Completed: 2018(Phase 1)
Area of plot: 25 acre
Total built up area: 5.6 lakh sq.ft.
(Phase 1)
Client : Archeological Survey of
India
PHASE 1
• To perform the work/activities they are heired for with all due diligence subject to
contract document. Subcontractor is an independent contractor for all purposes.
Subcontractor shall provide and pay for all labor, materials, equipment, tools,
construction equipment and machinery, water, utilities, transportation, and other
facilities and services necessary for proper execution and completion of the Work,
whether temporary or permanent and whether incorporated in the Work.
Subcontractor shall be solely responsible for and have control over all construction
means, methods, techniques, sequences and procedures and for coordinating all
portions of the Work under the Agreement.
• To providing their own materials and equipment for the task they are hired for, if
required or specified in the contract.
• To mitigate the risks of the contractors through assistance in the Specialized Activities
in full/partial as per the agreement.
• Project Finance Manager: To provide financial advisory services and keep records
of Project Financing.
• Banks (commercial & investment) - To provide Financing for the Project and
working capital funding at minimum cost.
• Insurance companies – To insure the Project against insurable risks and transfer
certain risks
from clients, contractors, subcontractors and other parties involved in the constructio
n project to insurers to provide contingent funding in time of difficulty.
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
TYPE OF DELIVERY METHOD: DESIGN-BID-BUILD (DBB)
In the Design-Bid-Build delivery, the owner contracts separately with the design firm
that produces the construction documents, and the builder that physically builds the
building. The different phases in DBB are:
▪ Design phase: Requires services of the designer who is the "designer on record" for
the project.
▪ Bid phase: contractor is selected through tender.
▪ Build phase: Project is built by the selected contractor.
2 Control Client / Client • NBCC is able to exert a significant Direct Control of Procurement Procurement
Representativ degree of the Client / Client is under is under cont
e wants to control over the project’s Representative on contractors sc ractor's scope
retain the budget, quality and schedule. procurement (More ope (Less (Less
control of Transparent) Transparent) Transparent)
Design, Specif • Owner and NBCC had significant
ications, etc. flexibility to schedule the
all throughout execution of work as needed.
the Project
• NBCC ability to advise the owner at
the design stage of any potential
cost or constructability issues and
to resolve them prior to the design
being finalized.
3 Cost Adherence to • ASI has no experience or Client at risk Contractor at Contractor at risk
Project Budget expertise in the construction resulting in risk resulting in resulting
industry, thus involvement control on saving of cost in saving of
of NBCC to ensure that these budget to maintain cost to
expenses are managed profit. maintain profit.
appropriately.
• NBCC is responsible for
engaging and negotiating
individually with each trade
and supplier.
• NBCC is responsible for
monitoring
and controlling expenses.
4 Complexity Need for • Despite the involvement of the Multiple contract Single contract Single contract w
Clearly defined NBCC in the management of for multiple with clear risk ith clear
Contracts the trades, the owner retains stakeholders may allocation to risk allocation
the ultimate risk in relation to result in the contracting to the
the payment of discrepancy in entity contracting entity
trades and addressing their risk allocation. Contract Contract
individual concerns.
• Owner also bears the risk of
Sub-Contractual Faults
• Owner is legally bound to each
of the contracting parties and
subject to the complexity that
that entails.
5 Risks Allocation of • NBCC is in “At-Risk” scenario,and Client/ Client Risks are Risks are
major risks will be at risk for the completion of representative at transferred to transferred to
the project. Risk Contractor Contractor
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
STAGES OF PROJECT (DBB VS EPC)
STAGES OF DBB PROCESS
STAGES OF EPC PROCESS
DBB DBB
EPC EPC
DBB DBB
EPC EPC
2. In EPC as the engineering decisions lies under Contractor's purview some costs can be
saved by using alternative technology, discounts and negotiations etc. This may lower
the overall incurred costs in EPC resulting in lower bidding values.
3. In EPC since the major risk is transferred to the contractor so the risk of PMC reduces
hence leading to reduction in the PMC fee.
4. Risk Premium may increase in EPC as compared to DBB which may lead to
increase in overall mark-up.
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PROJECT SPECIFIC PROCUREMENT DETAILS
PROJECT
DELIVERY DESIGN - BID - BUILD
METHOD
BID SELECTION Quality and Cost Based selection- Single stage two
METHOD envelope system (Mentioned in NIT because quality of
(CONSULTANT)
consultancy was of prime concern to the client)
As per Rule 180 (GFR,2017) as the Ministry of Culture does not have any expertise in
the construction sector engagement of respective consultants may be resorted.
As per Rule 181 and 182 (GFR,2017) as the Department with NBCC formed the
preliminary requirements, budget and prequalification
As per Rule 183 (GFR,2017) the estimated cost of consultancy services was above Rs. 25
Lakhs, an enquiry for seeking EOI was published on Central Public Procurement Portal
DISCUSSION WERE MADE OVER EOI
SCOPE | ELIGIIBIITY | PREQUALIFICATION CRITERIA |
PAST EXPERIENCE
NIT floated
(two-envelope Bid) For relative weightage to the quality of proposal and cost of
services
As per Rule 187-194 (GFR,2017) the bid evaluation process was carried out
following QCBS system and first technical bid was evaluated and then there
was a design discussion followed by opening of financial bid.
DFI did all the discussions with NBCC and ASI and NEED OF CONTRACTOR
created the detailed Drawings, Specification, BOQ, etc. Now there was a need of contractor
which could do the execution work
NBCC has published a set of General Contract Conditions for procurement of Consultants
and Contractors, based on that document further decision were made
Experience of Contractor is in direct relationship with the project - Similar Nature of Work
Experience of the Consultant is Recent – 10 Years Experience Clause was added
Specific Project Related Results : On-time, In- budget and Quality – Completion Certificates
Number of Employees – NO JVs, Consortium were allowed
Level of Executive Support and Follow up – Mergers were allowed
Auditorium Expertise was required – The Clause for having finished Auditorium for 500 People was added
Open Bid was made by publishing the NIT OPEN SELECTION (QCBS)
The bid was made publically available, but had
in the papers and NBCC, ASI portals
REQUEST FOR BID (RFB)
The bid was submitted as two-envelope system with Technical Bid for Qualification Purposes
were present and the L1 was chosen from the Shortlisted Financial Bids
NATIONAL CONTRACTORS
As the project was not having any complexity and specification could be
procured easily, there was no need for international competition
According to GCC of NBCC any experience of the contract if is from outside India is also
considered
Retention 5.0% (of the gross value of each It ensures a fund to rectify any defects in
Money running/final bill) the work. It also ensures the fund retained
for DLP period.
Escalation No Escalation shall be applicable This clause is added to reduce any future
disputes on this matter
A = Maximum value of construction works executed in any one year during the last five
years (updated at the current price level), considering the completed as well as works in progress.
M = Multiplier Factor (usually 1.5)
N = Number of years prescribed for completion of the work in question.
B = Value (updated at the current price level) of the existing commitments and ongoing works to be
completed in the next ‘N’ years
What if the contractor takes up another bid/project in due course of the project?
Personnel Capabilities: Qualifications and Experience of Key personnel could have been
specified and accordingly qualification criteria must be adhered by the bidders.
Equipment Capabilities: It should have been assured that applicant have access to
specified key equipment in full working order that will be available for use on proposed project .
Production Capabilities: Criteria for minimum annual production value of key construction
activities achieved could have been stipulated.
However, on the other hand, these criteria should be restrictive enough so as not to allow even one
incapable bidder/ contractor and thus vitiate fair competition for capable bidders/ contractors to the
detriment of the Procuring Entity’s objectives.
Technical Capabilities: Bidder must have successfully completed similar works to show construction experience
and production rates where similarity of work shall be pre-defined based on the physical size, complexity,
methods/ technology and/ or other characteristics described, and scope of works. Have qualified key personnel
and equipment required for the project.
1. Made misleading or false representations in the forms, statements, affidavits and attachments
submitted in proof of the qualification requirements; and/ or;
2. Records of poor performance during the last five years, as on the date of application, such as
abandoning the work, rescission of the contract for reasons which are attributable to non-
performance of the contractor, inordinate delays in completion, consistent history of litigation
resulting in awards against the contractor or any of the constituents, or financial failure due to
bankruptcy, and so on.
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PROJECT SPECIFIC PROCUREMENT DETAILS
The lowest Financial Bid (Fm) will be given a financial score (Sf) of 100
points.
The financial scores (Sf) of the other Financial Bids will be determined using
the following formula:
Sf = 100 x Fm/F;
Where,
Sf is the financial score,
Fm is the lowest Financial Bid, and
F is the Financial Bid under consideration.
S = St x Tw + Sf x Fw
Where, S is the combined score, and
Tw = Weights assigned to Technical bid
Fw = Weights assigned to financial bid
St = Combined technical score
Sf = Combined Financial score
REFERENCE TECHNICAL WEIGHTAGE FINANCIAL WEIGHTAGE
PDDUIA (ACTUAL) 60 40
REFERENCE CONTRACT 1( 70 30
vishweshwariya Bhawan , UPRNN)
REFERENCE CONTRACT 2 (GMDC 70 30
corporate office, Gujarat)
FIDIC Guidelines, 2019 Less than 80 is not 0-20
preferred
2 Financial Strength 25
ANALYSIS
The Client had following needs:
•The project execution was not complex in nature, so a minimum criteria of Qualification
was required
•To get best Value for Money, there was a need of a Competitive Financial Bid
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
DESIGN STAGES (ACCORDING TO RIBA)
Spatial Technical
coordination design
Initiate Change Control Design changes during this stage are No Challenges Faced NBCC and
Procedures normally tracked and recorded. Architectural
Consultants
Prepare stage Design Set out key program dates. No Challenges Faced Architectural Cons
Program Update and Review of the ultants
project execution plan. Consider optio
ns for Construction Strategy.
Develop architectural Develop the design to provide execution No Challenges Faced Architectural
and engineering and detail drawings at the required scale and other
technical design consultants
Prepare and coordinate To and from coordination of the design Minor Co-ordination Architectural and
design team Building and technical incorporations between Challenges faced other consultants,
Systems information various consultants to achieve the final NBCC
design document.
Prepare stage Design Final BOQ and tender documents No Challenges Faced Architectural
Program prepared to float for contractor Consultants and
selection. Establish a project execution NBCC
plan.
OVERALL DELAY: 6
months
Project Procurement Management Group 1 Slide 77
ASSIGNMENT - 7 Group 1
CHALLENGES IN EXECUTION
PHASE SPA/NS/BEM/759
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PROCUREMENT PROCESS MAPPING:
FORMING THE PROCUREMENT
CONSTRUCTION
NEED DEVELOPING
PROCUREMENT INCEPTION
ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATIONS
PLAN REPORT
STAGE
PRE-
PREPARATION OF
AWARD OF BID PROCESS ESTIMATION
TENDER
CONTRACT MANAGEMENT APPROVAL
DOCUMENT
CONSTRUCTION
STAGE
. PROCUREMENT
PROCUREMENT PROCUREMENT CONTRACT
MANAGEMENT
SCHEDULE OPERATION MANAGEMENT
PLAN
CONSTRUCTION
POST -
STAGE
OUTCOME OF
LESSONS LEARNT PROCUREMENT
OPERATION
PROCUREMENT
PROCUREMENT PROCUREMENT CONTRACT
MANAGEMENT
SCHEDULE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
PLAN
COMMUNICATION The communication As per clause 4.5 The The Architect The PMC didn't take
GAP gap was developed contractor, after award of was not aware of any action for this
between the actual site work shall furnish along the pace of delay in written
condition and with his construction progr construction, format, But there
within architectural firm. am, the drawing requirem which clearly should have
The pace of the ent schedule for approval defines the mis- been a Proper
contractor was much by Project Manager and communication Documentation of
more than that of the the Architect. between NBCC the Delay and notice
. architects – leading and DFI. s should have been
to GFCs creating delays sent to
on the site. the Architectural
Firm Regarding the
same.
SITE VISITS The absence of regular As per Architect's duties Architectural Up to date
site visits, lead to mentioned in contract – It consultant information
unawareness of the is architects' responsibility regarding work
architectural firm about to Monitor the progress of progress at site
the pace of the project work in relation to the should be informed
development – leading program furnished by the regularly to
to GFCs creating delays contractor. architects as well.
on the site.
. COORDINATION The project already had As per clause 6.3 The Contractor Since the chain of
ISSUES a long chain for approval contractors shall provide approvals is already
(APPROVAL OF for materials and mock- samples for the approval of mentioned in the
MATERIALS ups, so there was not Architect/ Project Manager contract, so the
AND MOCK adequate buffer time and shall provide alternative contractor should take
UPS) taken by the contractor samples until an approval proper lead time for the
to approach NBCC for has been obtained. Samples samples and mockups
approvals which led to approved shall be kept at to be approved by the
delay in procurement of site under Custody of the client and the project
approved materials. Project Manager until manager in time.
completion of the Project
Non availability
of Material in
.
market (Inventory
Management)
Co-ordination
Delays
Conclusion:
1. Most of the procurement challenges faced during execution which lead to accumulated delay of 3
months were of excusable category which lead to extension of time to him.
2. The contractor shall pay to the Client an amount equivalent to 0.5% per week of delay subject to
maximum of 5% of the total contract value (If delays are proved to be from the Contractor's Side)
Project manager
• To verify and certify measurements of the contractor’s bills.
• Initiate reporting systems - daily registers, weekly progress reports, resource allocation and
deployment, monthly reports to Client, Safety, accident and reports, Quality control reports, sub
contractor status reports, change order procedures, etc.
• .To verify and certify measurements of the Initiate reporting systems - daily registers, weekly
•progress reports,
Co-ordinate resource of
procurement allocation and materials
long delivery deployment, monthly reports to Client, Safety,
and Equipment.
accident and reports, Quality control reports, sub contractor status reports, change order
•procedures,
Co-ordinateetc.
andbills.
conduct project review meetings with various Contractors and Architects.
• Give notice to the contractor/his representative of non-approval of any work or materials and
such work shall be suspended or the use of such materials shall be discontinued until the decision
of the Project Manager/Architect’s Engineer, but such examination shall not in any way exonerate
the contractor from the obligation to remedy any defects which may be found to exist at any stage
of the works or after the same is completed.
Architect's Engineer
• Issue “Good for Construction” drawings to the site/Project Manager.
• Instructions in matters pertaining to the design, drawings and technical specifications of the work.
• Monitor the progress of work in relation to the programme furnished by the contractor
• To inspect the quality of materials and workmanship in relation to GFC drawings
• Conduct regular site visits to monitor the progress of work.
• Actual Schedule
14-08-2018 = 0.911
09-03-2019 = 0.905
Assumption:
Cost Performance Index
Will be 1 in both the cases
Conclusion:
1. To recover the time lose a strict deadline was provided by NBCC, that was to be maintained by the
contractor. Thus, a smooth flow of cash is maintained by client side as per contractor's requirement.
2. SPI in terms of preliminary schedule got increased considerably showing that the large delay was
covered up with the entire process on the other hand the SPI in terms of changed schedule still
indicated the slight delay.
3. Contractor showed adherence to deadline instead of being provided strict schedule.
4. Irrespective of long chain of approvals, contractor managed to deliver required work till inauguration
date.
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PROCESS MAPPING OF CHANGE CONTROL SYSTEM IN PROCUREMENT:
The Architect / Project Manager, shall make any variation of the form, quality or
Identification of quantity of the works or any part thereof that may, in his opinion, be necessary
and for that purpose or if for any other reason it shall, in his opinion be
change desirable, he shall have power to order the contractor to do.
No such variation shall in any way vitiate or invalidate the contract, but the
value, if any, of all such variations shall be taken into account in ascertaining the
Assessment
amount of the contract price. No claims on account of variation compensation
of change will be entertained irrespective of the amount of variation in quantities of
individual items as well as the contract value.
Approval of No such variations shall be made by the contractor without an order in writing
change of the Project Manager.
All extra or additional work done, or work omitted by order of the Project
Manager shall be valued at the rates and prices set out in the contract. If the
contract does not contain any rates or prices applicable to the extra or
Impact analysis additional work, then suitable rates or prices shall be agreed upon between
of change the Project Manager and the contractor. In the event of disagreement, the
Project Manager in consultation with the Architect’s Engineer shall fix such
rates or prices as shall, in his opinion, be reasonable and proper. The decision
of the Client shall be final and binding on both parties.
Conclusion:
1. The change orders for HVAC and Rework of Lobby Flooring could have been omitted as
they were not hampering any critical stage of execution.
2. Core cutting became mandatory for proper working of plumbing services
3. The Solar Panels Quantity was to be increased for GRIHA Certification, so was a
mandatory step to take.
Conclusion:
1. The changes during execution of this project were not very extensive and hence did not
have any major impact on project cost and schedule. Therefore we can say that the
project did not face any issues in change management aspects.
2. In terms of contractual obligations regarding change management, there were some
loopholes in the contract regarding safeguarding the interest of the contractor when it
comes to changes.
3. There was no mention in contract regarding initiation of change requests from
contractor's side in case if he encounters any kind of inability to execute as per
requirements.
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/771
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PROCESS MAPPING OF CLOSURE IN PROCUREMENT PROCESS:
CLOSURE IN PROCURENMENT PROCESS
TRANSITION &
CLOSING PLANNING
COMPLETION OF THE
CONSTRUCTION BEGINNING OF THE
PHASE TRANSITION PERIOD
TRANSFER OF PROJECT
. FINAL TESTING PRE-COMMISSIONING DOCUMENTATION
COMPLETION OF LISTS
& CHECKLISTS
Physical closure in this project includes conducting remaining minor tasks after
client acceptance. Project manager completes a list of necessary
Physical Closure activities(Checklist) for terminating the project and requests project closure
confirmation from the head office.
To check that all project personal/staff and those on contract have been
released or reassigned to another project. All the equipments, vehicles and
Administrative offices been reallocated, sold or transferred?
Closure Completion of all needed project reports and closure documents.
Lastly, ensure that your project archives and/or files are up to date.
In PDDUIOA,
1. No major issues arose during Defects Liability Period leading to
smooth closure of the contract.
2. It was a soft-landing process with gradual transition from the
construction to operational phase.
A project closure report is the final document that assesses the success of the project and
catalogs project deliverables and officially ends the project. The primary objective of a project
closure report is to provide a complete picture of the successes and failures of a project.
Lessons – Lessons and conclusions from the project. Identification of issues and their resolutions
Recommendations – Recommendations for future expansions and future projects.
SPA/NS/BEM/765
SPA/NS/BEM/770
SPA/NS/BEM/774
SPA/NS/BEM/776
Masters in Building Engineering & Management (2019-2021)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi