TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title……………………………………………………………………………………………………... i
Message ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ii
MDC Resolution………………………………………………………………………………………. iii
SB Resolution…………………………………………………………………………………………. v
Foreward……………………………………………………………………………………………….. vii
Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………………….. viii
Acronyms and Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………... ix
Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………………………... xi
List of Tables ………………………………………………………………………………………… xv
List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………………………. xviii
List of Maps……………………………………………………………………………………………. xix

CHAPTER 1

RATIONALE …………………………………………………………………………… 1
A. Background and Rationale…………………………………………………….. 1
B. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………… 2
1.1. Legal Mandate……………………………………………………………… 2
1.2. The NCCAP as Anchor of the LCCAP…………………………………… 2
C. Planning Context / Guiding Principles………………………………………... 5
D. Planning Approach……………………………………………………………… 6
E. LCCAP Framework…………………………………………………………...... 7

CHAPTER 2

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND………………………………………………………. 10
A. BRIEF HISTORY………………………………………………………………... 10
2.1. Etymology…………………………………………………………………… 10
2.2. Creation …………………………………………………………………….. 10
B. SOCIO-ECONOMIC - POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT……………………….. 11
2.3. Santol Ilocanized…………………………………………………………… 11

BRIEF PROFILE ………………………………………………………………………. 12

A. GEO-PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT……………………………………………. 12
2.4. Geographical Location…………………………………………………….. 12
2.5. Physical Boundaries……………………………………………………….. 12
2.6. Territorial Jurisdiction……………………………………………………… 12
2.7. Barangay Subdivision……………………………………………………… 13
2.8. Topography Elevation …………………………………………………….. 15
2.9. Soil Type…………………………………………………………………….. 15
2.10. Slope……………………………………………………………………….. 16
2.11. Land Resources…………………………………………………………... 17
2.12. Land Classification……………………………………………………….. 19
2.13. Existing General land Use……………………………………………….. 19
2.14. Urban Land Use Pattern…………………………………………………. 19

POPULATION AND SOCIAL PROFICE……………………………………………. 21

2.15. Population…………………………………………………………………. 21
2.16. Population Density……………………………………………………….. 21
2.17. Population Distribution ………………………………………………….. 21
2.18. Labor Force Age Groupings, and Dependency Ratio………………… 22
2.19. Mother tongue…………………………………………………………….. 24
2.20. Household Populations and Family Structure ………………………… 25
2.21. Health and Sanitation…………………………………………………….. 25
a. Health Resources ……………………………………………………… 25
b. General Health Situation………………………………………………. 26
c. Medical…………………………………………………………………... 26
d. Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity & Mortality……………………….. 27
2.22. Social Services …………………………………………………………… 27
a. Social Welfare…………………………………………………………... 27
b. Social Welfare Programs……………………………………………… 28
30

S A N T O L LCCAP, DRR- C C A xi
 c. 30
Education………………………………………………………………... 31
d. Employment ……………………………………………………………. 31
e. Non-Formal Education…………………………………………………. 31
2.23. Housing……………………………………………………………………. 32
a. Housing situation……………………………………………………….. 33
b. Residential Units and Types of Housing…………………………….. 35
c. Housing Facilities………………………………………………………. 37
2.24. Protective Services……………………………………………………….
2.25 Sports, Recreation, and Library / Museum Facilities………………….. 40
40
LOCAL ECONOMY……………………………………………………………………. 40
2.26. The Primary Sector………………………………………………………. 40
a. Agriculture………………………………………………………………. 41
b. Forest Resources………………………………………………………. 41
2.27. The Secondary Sector…………………………………………………… 42
a. Financial Institutions…………………………………………………… 42
b. Wholesale and Retail Trade…………………………………………... 43
c. Commerce Trade ……………………………………………………….
d. Information and Communications…………………………………….. 44
44
INFRASTRUCTURE / UTILITIES FACILITIES…………………………………….. 44
2.28. Transportation Network (internal and external Linkage)……………... 45
a. Road Network…………………………………………………………… 46
b. Public Land Transportation (Mobile)………………………………….. 46
2.29. Power Utilities…………………………………………………………….. 46
2.30. Water Utilities.…………………………………………………………….. 47
a. Water Systems………………………………………………………….. 47
b. Access to Drinking Water………………………………………………. 48
c. Management Water Delivery…………………………………………... 48
d. Demand for Water………………………………………………………. 48
e. Supply of Water Resources……………………………………………. 50
2.31. Communication Network………………………………………………… 52
2.32. Disposed Waste…………………………………………………………... 52
2.33. Generated Waste………………………………………………………….
2.34. Cemeteries………………………………………………………………… 54
54
LOCAL INSTITUTIONAL CAPABILITY…………………………………………….. 54
2.35. Organizational Structure…………………………………………………. 54
2.36. Local Fiscal management……………………………………………….. 55
a. Revenues by Source……………………………………………………. 55
2.37. Full Disclosure policy………………………………………….………….
2.38. Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007 or RA 9485…………………………………

CHAPTER 3 57
57
VULNERABILITY & ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT RESULT…………………… 57
A. Climate Related Hazards and Its Impacts to LGU ………………………….. 57
3.1. Natural Hazards……………………………………………………………. 58
3.2. Hydro-meteorological Hazards…………………………………………… 60
3.3. Geological and Environment Hazard Areas…………………………….. 60
B. Elements; Sectors and Institutions Exposed to Climate Change Impact…. 60
C. Vulnerability and Cross Sectoral Analysis…………………………………… 61
3.4. Impact Chain Analysis ……………………………………………………. 61
3.5. Climatological Condition…………………………………………………... 61
a. Type of Climate………………………………………………..………… 63
b. Average Annual Rainfall…………………………………...…………… 65
3.6. Disaster Risk Management……………………………………………….. 65
3.7. Hydro-meteorological Hazards…………………………………………… 65
a. Strong Winds……………………………………………………………. 65
b. Floorings…………………………………………………………………. 66
c. Rain Induced Landslide………………………………………………… 66
3.8. Geological and Environmental……………………………………………. 68

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 a. Fault Zones………………………………………………………………. 68
b. Areas Susceptible to landslide ………………………………………... 74
c. Areas Susceptible to Flooding…………………………………………. 74
D. Adaptive Mitigation Actions……………………………………………………. 76
3.9. Identified Adaptation and Mitigation options…………………………….. 77
a. Mitigation and Adaptation and Mitigation Options…………………… 78
b. Stakeholders Processes……………………………………………….. 79
c. Score Guide……………………………………………………………… 80
d. Vulnerability………………………………………………………………
3.10. Vulnerability and Adaptability ap Santol: The UNHABITAT STUDY...

CHAPTER 4 128
128
PLAN IMPLEMENTATION……………………………………………………………. 129
4.1. Tools for the Plan Implementation………………………………………..
a. Strengthening of Existing Institutional Structure and Mechanisms...
b. Review of existing local organizational structure, staff composition, 130
and responsibility centers (vis-à-vis the requirements to effectively
implement and enforce the LCCAP)………………………………….. 130
c. Revisit of existing operational guidelines (vis-à-vis the requirement 131
of the LCCAP)……………………………………………………………
d. Identification of mechanisms for LCCAP Policy Enforcement……… 131
e. Identification of other DRR/CCA and environmental regulations
needed to fully implement the LCCAP………………………………...
f. Consolidation of the results of the institutional review and agreeing 132
on proposed changes (in organizational structure and additional
mechanisms needed to implement the LCCAP……………………… 132
4.2. Assessment and Prioritization of Programs and Projects Identified in 132
the Santol LCCAP 2020-2030…………………………………………….
a. First Level Assessment: Checking for Relevance 133
b. Second Level Assessment: Determination of conflicts, compatibility
and complementarities………………………………………………….

CHAPTER 5 136
136
PROGRAM/PROJECT COORDINATION…………………………………………… 136
5.2. Project Filming…………………………………………………………….. 136
a. National Government Funding………………………………………... 137
b. Santol Government Funding………………………………………….. 137
c. Other Sources of Local Funding……………………………………… 137
5.3. Innovative Financing……………………………………………………… 137
a. Disaster Management Assistance Fund (DMAF)…………………… 138
b. Public Finance Mechanisms…………………………………………..
c. Payments for environmental services………………………………...

CHAPTER 6 139
141
REVIEW, MONITORING AND EVALUATION……………………………………… 141
6.1. Purpose……………………………………………………………………. 141
6.2. Expected Outputs………………………………………………………… 144
6.3. Steps……………………………………………………………………….. 144
6.4. Designing a Project Monitoring Scheme for Santol…………………… 145
a. Developing the Monitoring Objectives……………………………….. 145
b. Developing a Monitoring Plan ………………………………………... 145
c. Gathering Information………………………………………………….. 145
d. Analyzing Information…………………………………………………..
e. Providing Support Intervention…………………………………………

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 6.5. Evaluation Guidelines when Re-planning the Santol Local Climate
Change Action Plan 2020-2030………………………………………… 145
a. Objectives……………………………………………………………….. 146
b. Tools for Evaluation / Assessment……………………………………. 146
c. Parameters……………………………………………………………… 146
d. Project Inventory……………………………………………………….. 146
e. Procedural Guidelines…………………………………………………. 146
f. Review Questionnaire…………………………………………………. 147
g. Re-plan when…………………………………………………………… 147
147

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