SIR APOLLO KAGGWA SCHOOLS SINCE 1996

P.4 ENGLISH
HOME STUDY ACTIVITIES WEEK 2

LESSON 1
LANGUAGE STRUCTURES
Use of ‘either’
Using “either” at the beginning of the sentence.
✓Either is used with the word or. Either………..or………….
✓We use Either………..or………… to show that one of the two things mentioned
will happen or has happened or happens or happened.
OR
✓We use Either………or…….to show that one of the two people mentioned is
for example, tall, short, fat etc.
Examples:
1. Tom is tall. Tim is tall.
Either Tom or Tim is tall.
2. Sandra is clever. Sam is clever.
Either Sandra or Sam is clever.

OR
✓We use Either……….or……..to show that one of the two people mentioned
does, did, will do, or has done something.
Examples:
1. Jacob cooks food. Mary cooks food.
Either Jacob or Mary cooks food.
2. Ben eats posho. Sam eats posho.
Either Ben or Sam eats posho.
Note: If the first subject or sentence is in singular, then we leave our
answer in singular form when using ‘either.’
✓We use either at the beginning of the sentence if the same action is
referring to two different subjects (people or objects).

Activity 1
Join the sentences beginning Either…………or…………
1. George is my friend. Fred is my friend.
_______________________________________________________

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2. Tom drives cars. Tim drives cars.
_______________________________________________________
3. Wasswa buys sweets every day. Kato buys sweets every day.
_______________________________________________________
4. Sandra writes neatly. Jacob writes neatly.
_______________________________________________________
5. My mother will cook food. My aunt will cook food.
_______________________________________________________
6. Teddy is a farmer. Tom is a farmer.
_______________________________________________________
7. My mother cooks food. My aunt cooks food.
_______________________________________________________
8. Diana takes care of the baby. Prima takes care of the baby.
_______________________________________________________
9. Tom is clever. Tim is clever.
_______________________________________________________

Use of either………..or………..
If two different actions refer to the same subject (person, object), either is
used in the middle of the sentence.

We put either after the same first common words (first words appearing in
the two sentences apart from the articles).

Examples
1. Tom is fishing. Tom is swimming.
Tom is either fishing or swimming.
2. Stella eats chicken. Stella eats beef.
Stella eats chicken or beef.
3. Judith goes to school every day. Judith goes to church every day.
Judith goes either to school or to church every day.
4. Paul will take soda. Paul will take juice.
Paul will take either soda or juice.

Activity 2

Join the sentences using either……….or……….

1. Brenda goes to Dubai. Brenda goes to Nairobi.

_______________________________________________________
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2. Stella is my sister. Stella is my friend.
_______________________________________________________

3. Enock has a Benz car. Enock has a Prado car.

_______________________________________________________

4. Andrew drinks juice. Andrew eats food.

_______________________________________________________

5. Mary sings in the choir. Mary dances in the troupe.

_______________________________________________________

6. My mother is a doctor. My mother is a nurse.

_______________________________________________________

7. Prima is a farmer. Prima is a pharmacist.

_______________________________________________________

8. Frank takes sodas. Frank takes juice.

_______________________________________________________

9. Solomon is fat. Solomon is thin.

_______________________________________________________

LESSON 2
GRAMMAR
Using the present simple tense to ask questions.
✓ This tense can be used to ask questions where do and does are used at
the beginning of the sentence.
✓ The word does is used on singular nouns and pronouns i.e.

✓ We use do on plural nouns and pronouns i.e.

Note: When a sentence has no verbs, then is or are, are used in singular and
plural respectively.
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Examples

Form questions from the sentences below

1. The sun rises in the East.

Does the sun rise in the East?
2. The children write the work neatly.
Do the children write the work neatly?

Activity 3
Rewrite the sentences below in question form.
1. Plants need carbon dioxide
_______________________________________________________
2. Tracy’s shoes are dirty.
_______________________________________________________
3. Anna bathes weekly.
_______________________________________________________
4. The children play rough games.
_______________________________________________________
5. It eats rats for dinner.
_______________________________________________________
6. They love eating grasshoppers.
_______________________________________________________
7. Solomon is a kind boy.
_______________________________________________________
8. The sisters are so beautiful.
_______________________________________________________
9. Her shirt is short.
_______________________________________________________
10. Henry comes from America.
_______________________________________________________

Replying or answering to the questions that start with do, does, is, are or
am.
✓The responses must begin with either yes or no followed by a comma.

Examples;
1. Is the butter soft?
Yes, the butter is soft.
No, the butter is not soft.
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2. Does the dog bite? (Yes)
Yes, the dog bites.

3. Does it pain too much? (No)

No, it doesn’t pain too much.

4. Do we carry desks? (Yes)

Yes, we carry desks.

Activity 4

Answer the questions below using the words in brackets.

1. Is this ball new? (Yes)

_______________________________________________________

2. Do you buy black dolls? (No)

_______________________________________________________

3. Does she look like a queen? (Yes)

_______________________________________________________

4. Do girls wear trousers? (No)

_______________________________________________________

5. Are the children sick? (Yes)

_______________________________________________________

6. Am I your friend? (No)

_______________________________________________________

7. Do boys play volleyball at night? (Yes)

_______________________________________________________

8. Does the baby eat little food? (Yes)

_______________________________________________________

9. Does the teacher mark your book? (No)

_______________________________________________________

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LESSON 3
FORMATION OF ADJECTIVES
Some adjectives add – er – in the comparative degree and -est in the
superlative degree.
Activity 1
complete the table;
Positive Comparative Superlative
long
small
old
short
clean cleaner cleanest
new
narrow
quick
smooth smoother smoothest
kind
shy shyer shyest
clever
Adjectives ending in y change the y to i before adding -er in the
comparative and -est in the superlative.
Example
pretty prettier prettiest

Complete the table.

Positive Comparative Superlative
busy
healthy
funny
tiny
lovely
lousy
shabby

Activity 5
Arrange the words in alphabetical order.
1. clever, shy, quick, cleverer
______________________________________________________
2. kindest, kind, kinder, busy
______________________________________________________
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3. long, clean, shabby, smart
______________________________________________________

Other words that describe people

clever, shabby, polite, rude, cruel, dull, shy, clean, funny, lovely.

Forms of adjectives.
Adjectives are words that describe a noun or pronoun.
They are used in three forms namely;
1. positive
2. comparative
3. superlative

The positive degree is used to talk about only one thing / person.
e.g. Jane is short. Juma is short.
Cathy is a short girl.
The comparative degree is used when comparing only two things or people
using the word than.
e.g. Jacob is fatter than James.
Cathy is shorter than Joan.
The superlative degree is used when comparing one person or thing to many or
the rest of the group.
e.g. Teddy is the tallest girl in the class.
Cathy is the shortest girl in class.

Illustration

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Use the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the sentences.

4. John is ______________________than Mary. (tall)

5. Our teacher of English is __________________than the bursar. (smart)

6. Osama is _____________________than Okoth. (short)

7. My mother is __________________than my father. (kind)

8. Santo is _____________________than Sande. (ugly)

9. Martha is ____________________than Mary. (heavy)

10. Maureen was the _______________________girl in our class. (proud)

11. Rose was the ______________________girl in the city. (tall)

12. This is the _____________________man here. (rich)

13. Ronnie is _____________________than his brother. (funny)

14. Of the four girls, Brenda is the _______________________, (weak)

15. Phillip is the ______________________of the two boys. (strong)

16. Serene is the _____________________of the triplets. (smart)

17. Paula is ________________________than the twin sister. (clever)

Use the words below to form sentences

18. lucky: __________________________________________________

19. shyer: __________________________________________________

20. smart: __________________________________________________

21. cleverest: _______________________________________________

22. dirtier: _______________________________________________

23. lousy: ________________________________________________