PSA Agricultural Indicators System - Food Availability and Sufficiency 2019

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND SUFFICIENCY
PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

AGRICULTURAL INDICATORS SYSTEM

DENNIS S. MAPA, Ph.D.

Undersecretary
National Statistician and Civil Registrar General
SECTORAL STATISTICS OFFICE
MACROECONOMIC ACCOUNTS SERVICE
VIVIAN R. ILARINA
Assistant National Statistician
AGRICULTURAL ACCOUNTS DIVISION
TERMS OF USE Maria Carol G. Duran

Chief Statistical Specialist
Agricultural Indicators System (AIS) is a publication of the Philippine Manuela S. Nalugon

Statistics Authority (PSA). The PSA reserves exclusive right to reproduce Supervising Statistical Specialist
this publication in whatever form. Should any portion of this publication be
included in a report/article, the title of the publication and the PSA should
be cited as the source of the data. The PSA will not be responsible for any Maria Clarinda E. De Guzman
information derived from the processing of data contained in this Senior Statistical Specialist
publication.
Mylene M. Evangelista
Statistical Specialist II
ISSN-2012-0435
OCTOBER 2020
Donita Rose S. Baluso

FOREWORD
The Agricultural Indicators System (AIS) is one of the statistical

indicator frameworks maintained by the Philippine Statistics Authority
(PSA). As part of the continuing efforts of PSA to improve its products
and services, the coverage of the AIS was reviewed to rationalize
releases, merge related indicators and package these into reports with
more emphasis on statistics and indicators related to the development of
the agriculture sector. The AIS now comprises of eight (8) modules which
will be updated and released annually. These modular reports provide
measures for assessing socio-economic changes in the agriculture
sector, characterizing the agrarian structure of the economy and situating
agriculture in the national economy.
This is the sixth module entitled Food Availability and Sufficiency.

It provides information on per capita production, per capita net food
disposable and per capita supply of calories, protein and fats of selected
agricultural commodities. Further, this module is supplemented with
statistics on self-sufficiency ratio and import dependency ratio of selected
agricultural commodities and data on rice and corn stocks. The reference
years are 2015 to 2019.
The AIS aims to cover more agricultural development indicators

to support the information needs of our data users. We encourage the
readers to give their comments and suggestions on the improvement of
the AIS, in general, and this report, in particular.

Undersecretary
Quezon City, Philippines

October 2020
This page is intentionally left blank.

82 PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD i
LIST OF TABLES ii
Table 1. Annual per capita production index of selected

agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2015-2019 9
Table 2. Daily per capita net food disposable index of selected

Table 3a. Daily per capita calories supply of selected

Table 3b. Daily per capita protein supply of selected

Table 3c. Daily per capita fat supply of selected

Table 4a. Total annual family expenditure and percentage shares

of food in the total annual family expenditure, Philippines,
2012, 2015 and 2018 14
Table 4b. Percentage shares of food in the total annual family expenditure
by food item, Philippines, 2012, 2015 and 2018 15
Table 4c. Percentage shares of food in the total annual family expenditure
by region, Philippines, 2012, 2015 and 2018 16
Table 5. Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) of selected

Table 6. Import dependency ratio (IDR) of selected

Table 7a. Stocks of rice: Highest and lowest levels and

percentage shares of households, commercial
warehouses and NFA, Philippines, 2015-2019 19
Table 7b. Total stock of rice by month, Philippines, 2015-2019 20
Table 8a. Stocks of corn: Highest and lowest levels and

percentage shares of households, commercial
warehouses and NFA, Philippines, 2015-2019 21
Table 8b. Total stock of corn by month, Philippines, 2015-2019 22

16 ii
Table 8b. Total stock of corn by month, Philippines, 2015-2019

(in '000 metric tons)
Month 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
January 183.96 386.96 382.13 951.60 676.13

February 252.77 311.67 439.57 410.33 781.52
March 186.55 302.35 1,078.29 278.33 397.12
April 340.17 365.11 1,146.76 369.34 614.00
May 223.33 517.24 1,556.54 338.31 829.11
June 207.21 327.46 978.86 592.01 859.77
July 275.40 215.92 683.62 480.86 822.70
August 313.33 336.48 696.46 1,221.91 724.08
September 329.00 380.57 1,422.21 531.07 768.66
October 420.74 543.85 1,368.86 566.83 1,095.92
November 298.16 604.79 603.29 639.52 1,198.50
December 265.20 369.98 536.56 629.91 794.87
Source of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority

22
Per Capita Production

Table 7b. Total stock of rice by month, Philippines, 2015-2019
(in '000 metric tons) Per capita production refers to the volume of production of a particular commodity
available for each member of the population. Annual per capita production index
provides information on the change in the per capita production of the commodity in a
Month 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 given year compared to a base year. It measures the capacity of the country’s
agriculture sector to produce food commodities in pace with the growth of the
population.
January 2,662.05 3,198.79 2,765.12 2,289.65 2,550.70
February 2,350.60 2,942.84 2,296.32 1,795.78 2,141.23 Figure 1. Annual per capita production index of selected agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2019
2018=100
March 2,265.51 2,674.17 2,176.20 1,697.37 2,221.42 (in percent)
126.8
April 2,542.68 3,359.01 2,675.55 2,182.67 2,629.03
109.3
104.8 102.2 104.6
101.2 98.8 98.1 99.2 99.7 100.6 100.8 98.1 98.6
96.8 97.9 97.5
May 3,167.25 3,689.41 3,214.18 2,909.46 2,947.42 97.3 96.5 94.6 95.2 97.4
82.6
June 3,019.42 3,235.29 2,572.94 2,360.98 2,598.34

July 2,568.19 2,733.64 2,347.90 1,990.82 2,625.25
August 2,244.38 2,103.16 2,028.00 1,520.76 2,133.84
September 1,955.50 1,775.76 1,422.84 1,168.03 1,842.37
October 2,196.18 2,286.57 1,935.87 1,589.89 2,279.73
November 3,107.30 3,302.33 2,958.73 3,000.45 2,962.46
In 2019, the annual per capita production of rice dropped to 114.69 kilograms and
December 3,441.41 3,338.98 2,849.37 2,718.48 3,098.01 posted production index of 97.3 percent. This means that the per capita production of
rice in 2019 was 2.7 percentage points lower than the 2018 record. In contrast, the per
capita production level of corn increased to 74.37 kilograms in 2019. This was
equivalent to a production index of 101.2 percent which indicates that the annual per
capita production of corn in 2019 surpassed the 2018 level by 1.2 percentage points.
Meanwhile, the annual per capita production of sugarcane at 193.12 kilograms, coconut
at 137.62 kilograms and coffee at 0.16 kilogram were below their base year’s records.
Cacao exceeded the base year’s per capita production record by 4.8 percentage points
in 2019.
Among the reference fruits, mango and calamansi with corresponding per capita
production of 6.88 kilograms and 1.17 kilograms in 2019 were higher than the base
year’s records. Lower than the base year’s level was noted for banana, pineapple,
papaya and pomelo.
In the case of vegetables and rootcrops, the 2019 per capita production levels of onion,
cabbage, eggplant and ampalaya were above the base year’s records. Among the
reference crops, the per capita production of onion at 2.07 kilograms in 2019 indicated
the highest production index at 126.8 percent. On the other hand, declines in the 2019
per capita production levels were reported for tomato, garlic, peanut, mongo, cassava,
sweet potato and potato as indicated by less than 100 percent index.

20 1
Figure 1. Annual per capita production index … (Concluded)
127.2
107.7 104.8 108.8

103.4 102.2 100.0
98.6 98.2
97.6 96.9 97.6 97.8 96.3 92.1 Table 7a. Stocks of rice: Highest and lowest levels and percentage shares of
households, commercial warehouses and NFA,
Philippines, 2015-2019
Item 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Highest
Month December May May November December
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
Quantity ('000 MT) 3,441.41 3,689.41 3,214.18 3,000.45 3,098.01

All the reference livestock products exhibited lower per capita production estimates in
2019 as compared with the base year’s levels. Production indices of beef, carabeef,
pork and chevon ranged from 96.9 percent to 97.8 percent. Among the poultry Percent share
products, only duck (dressed) production with 0.21 kilogram per person in 2019 Households 47.8 40.0 46.4 51.9 51.9
recorded lower than the base year’s level. Meanwhile, the per person production Commercial 28.4 28.3 45.2 44.6 32.6
levels went up to 13.83 kilograms for chicken (dressed), 5.44 kilograms for chicken NFA 23.8 31.7 8.4 3.5 15.5
egg and 0.46 kilogram for duck egg in 2019. Their respective production indices were
estimated at 103.4 percent, 107.7 percent and 104.8 percent. Lowest
Month September September September September September
For the fishery products, higher than the 2018 production levels were observed for
milkfish, roundscad, shrimps and prawns, and oyster. Oyster production at Quantity ('000 MT) 1,955.50 1,775.76 1,422.84 1,168.03 1,842.37
0.35 kilogram per person in 2019 posted the highest production index of
127.2 percent. This was followed by roundscad, milkfish, and shrimps and prawns Percent share
with production indices of 108.8 percent, 102.2 percent and 100.0 percent, Households 29.2 35.4 48.4 52.2 36.5
respectively. These corresponded to annual per capita production at 1.76 kilograms, Commercial 29.7 29.4 47.0 38.2 41.2
3.87 kilograms and 0.49 kilograms in 2019. In contrast, the per capita production NFA 41.0 35.2 4.6 9.5 22.2
estimates of tilapia, tuna and crabs decreased in 2019 and fell below the base year’s
records (Table 1). Sources of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority and National Food Authority
Daily Per Capita Net Food Disposable (NFD)

Net Food Disposable (NFD) refers to the volume of commodity available in its original
(unprocessed) form for human consumption. Data on NFD are sourced from the
Supply Utilization Accounts. It is the remaining balance after all the "use" parameters
are taken into account. The daily net food disposable of a commodity of each
member of the population measured through an index indicates the movement of
food available for consumption in a specified year relative to a base year.
Figure 2. Daily per capita net food disposable (NFD) index of selected agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2019
2018=100
(in percent)
107.2 109.3
102.2 104.8 104.6 100.8
98.8 95.6 97.9 99.7 98.6 96.8 98.5 99.9
95.4 95.2
87.9 86.4 89.2 86.0
82.6
75.2
67.4

2 19
In 2019, the estimated per capita NFD of rice increased to 351.85 grams per day. It
Table 6. Import dependency ratio (IDR) of selected agricultural commodities, registered an index of 107.2 percent which means that the quantity of rice available
Philippines, 2015-2019 for consumption was 7.2 percentage points higher than the base year’s level.
(in percent)
Meanwhile, the daily per capita NFD of corn dropped to 51.08 grams or
Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 32.6 percentage points lower than the 2018 record. Likewise, the per capita NFD per
day of coconut at 18.85 grams was 1.2 percentage points lower than the 2018 record.
Rice 11.1 5.0 6.6 13.8 20.2 Likewise, the daily NFD per capita of sugarcane at 5.29 grams, coffee at 0.94 gram
Corn 8.7 10.0 5.7 11.6 5.4 and cacao at 0.17 gram were lesser than the base year’s levels by 12.1 percentage
points to 17.4 percentage points.
Coconut - - a/ a/ -
Sugarcane - - a/ - - Among the reference fruits, mango and calamansi with respective daily NFD
Coffee 67.0 68.1 55.7 71.0 67.6 at 17.37 grams and 3.02 grams in 2019 registered indices above 100 percent. On the
Cacao 31.7 32.5 44.3 29.9 17.1 other hand, the daily per capita NFD estimates of banana at 83.77 grams, pineapple
Calamansi - - - - - at 27.02 grams, papaya at 3.85 grams and pomelo at 0.64 gram were below their
Papaya - - - - - respective base year’s records.
Pomelo - a/ - - - .
The 2019 daily per capita NFD levels of garlic at 2.15 grams, cabbage at 3.01 grams
Tomato a/ - - - - and ampalaya at 2.10 grams were higher than the 2018 NFD with respective
Garlic 87.1 89.1 90.0 91.4 92.2
percentage point increments at 4.8, 4.6, and 0.8 percent. Other vegetable
Onion 16.0 52.6 15.6 38.5 9.6
commodities such as tomato, onion, eggplant, peanut, mongo, cassava, sweet potato
Cabbage - a/ - - -
and potato exhibited daily per capita NFD below the 2018 levels, with declines ranging
Eggplant - - - - -
Ampalaya - - - - -
from 0.1 percentage point to 14.0 percentage points.
Peanut 71.6 72.5 75.0 75.3 75.0 Figure 2. Daily per capita net food disposable (NFD) index … (Concluded)
Mongo 47.8 47.9 50.8 51.0 50.5 148.5
127.8
Cassava - a/ - - -
107.7 104.8 106.8
102.9
Sweet potato a/ a/ a/ - a/ 100.7 96.7 97.8 96.1
101.6 98.6 99.5 101.8
87.0
Potato 14.5 14.8 14.7 16.6 18.1
Beef 29.2 32.7 35.7 39.0 40.3

Carabeef 33.7 31.5 32.7 34.9 28.3
Pork 10.2 10.6 12.5 13.9 12.9
Chevon - - - - -
Chicken (dressed) 13.0 15.5 4.0 6.4 6.0

Duck (dressed) 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.6
Chicken egg - - - - - Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
Duck egg - - - - -
Milkfish a/ a/ 0.1 - 0.1

The daily per capita NFD estimates of all the livestock products except beef were
Roundscad 0.2 0.4 1.5 3.1 21.9 lower than their base year’s records. Pork, with the highest per capita NFD at
Tilapia a/ a/ 0.1 a/ a/ 42.94 grams per day in 2019, was down by 3.3 percentage points. The largest drop in
Tuna 22.5 21.2 22.5 24.5 27.9 NFD was registered in carabeef at 13.0 percentage points, with daily per capita NFD
Shrimps & Prawns 4.6 5.7 8.4 10.1 8.2 of 2.63 grams in 2019. On the other hand, the daily per person NFD of beef moved up
Crabs a/ 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 by 0.7 percentage point and was estimated at 2.63 grams in 2019. Meanwhile, the
Oyster a/ a/ a/ a/ 0.1 daily per capita NFD levels of the reference poultry products in 2019, except duck
(dressed), surpassed the base year’s records. The NFD levels of chicken (dressed),
chicken egg, and duck egg were up by 2.9 percentage points, 7.7 percentage points
a/ - less than 0.01 percent
import and 4.8 percentage points, respectively.
IDR = x 100% .
production + import − export

18 3
Most of the reference fishery products reported higher daily per capita NFD
Table 5. Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) of selected agricultural commodities,
estimates in 2019 relative to the 2018 levels. The daily per capita NFD of
roundscad at 4.49 grams and oyster at 0.96 grams recorded the highest NFD
(in percent)
indices of 148.5 percent and 127.8 percent, respectively. For milkfish, tuna and
crabs, NFD indices ranged from 101.64 percent to 106.81 percent. Below the Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
2018 NFD levels were observed in tilapia and shrimps and prawns
(Table 2). Rice 88.9 95.0 93.4 86.2 79.8
Corn 91.3 90.0 94.3 88.4 94.6
Per Capita Supply of Calories, Protein and Fats
Coconut 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Sugarcane 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Information on the nutrient equivalents of the different food intake measured on
Coffee 33.0 31.9 44.3 29.0 32.4
per capita per day basis will show the food items that contributed the highest Cacao 97.5 104.9 99.8 106.6 129.3
content of calories, protein and fats.
Calamansi 100.0 100.0 100.1 100.1 100.1
Rice continued to be the major source of calories as it supplied 1,252.59 kcal per Papaya 101.1 101.0 101.4 102.2 103.5
person per day in 2019. About 182.37 kcal came from corn. Among the Pomelo 100.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
commercial crops, the highest daily calorie content was noted in coconut at Tomato 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
19.23 kcal per person. The calorie contents of sugarcane, coffee and cacao Garlic 13.0 11.0 10.1 8.7 7.9
ranged from 0.44 kcal to 2.65 kcal per person daily. In the case of fruits, banana Onion 84.5 47.6 84.6 61.5 90.5
contained the biggest amount of calories at 94.13 kcal per capita per day. Cabbage 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Pineapple and mango contributed 14.86 kcal and 12.53 kcal of daily per capita Eggplant 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
calories, respectively. For vegetables and rootcrops, greater quantities of calories Ampalaya 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
were contributed by sweet potato at 15.39 kcal and peanut at 11.09 kcal. For the
livestock and poultry products, pork, chicken (dressed) and chicken egg were the Peanut 28.4 27.5 25.1 24.7 25.0
main sources of calories with corresponding contents of 153.36 kcal, 80.40 kcal Mongo 52.2 52.2 49.2 49.0 50.0
and 19.05 kcal. Low supply of calories came from the fishery products. Tuna had Cassava 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
bigger daily calorie content at 14.65 kcal per person (Table 3a). Sweet potato 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.1
Potato 85.5 85.2 85.3 83.4 81.9
In 2019, the daily per capita protein supply of rice was 26.04 grams while that of
Beef 70.8 67.3 64.3 61.0 59.7
corn, at 4.24 grams. Other prime sources of protein were pork at 6.51 grams and
Carabeef 66.3 68.5 67.3 65.1 71.7
chicken (dressed) at 7.31 grams. Among the reference fishery products, tuna
Pork 89.8 89.4 87.5 86.1 87.1
contributed more protein supply at 3.09 grams (Table 3b).
Chevon 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
For the fats supply, about 1.76 grams were sourced from rice and 0.77 gram Chicken (dressed) 87.3 84.7 96.1 93.6 94.1
came from corn in 2019. Coconut and chicken egg supplied 1.00 gram and Duck (dressed) 99.1 99.2 99.4 99.3 99.5
1.29 grams of fat contents, respectively. About 14.13 grams of fats supply were Chicken egg 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
provided by pork while around 5.70 grams by chicken (dressed). Minimal Duck egg 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
quantities of less than 1.00 gram of fats were supplied by the other reference Milkfish 100.8 100.8 100.6 101.0 101.4
agricultural commodities (Table 3c). Roundscad 99.9 99.6 98.6 96.9 78.1
Tilapia 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.9 99.9
Tuna 81.6 83.9 83.6 81.4 76.5
Shrimps & Prawns 104.0 107.0 113.1 103.2 103.7
Crabs 121.0 127.8 140.0 128.7 116.7
Oyster 101.1 100.2 101.4 100.6 100.1
production
SSR = x 100%
production + import - export

4 17
Food Expenditure
by region, Philippines, 2012, 2015 and 2018 The proportion of food expenditure to total annual family expenditure indicates the
extent of the allocation of the household’s disposable income to pay for the food
Year commodities.
Region
2012 2015 2018
As reported in the 2018 Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES), the total
annual family expenditure of Filipinos was estimated at PhP 5.906 trillion, recording a
Philippines 42.8 41.9 42.6
20.9 percent increase from the 2015 level of PhP 4.883 trillion (Table 4a).
NCR 36.5 36.3 38.1
In 2018, the share of food in the total annual family expenditures rose to
CAR 40.8 39.4 34.5 42.6 percent, from the 41.9 percent reported in 2015. Of this proportion,
Ilocos Region 45.3 44.4 46.6 33.6 percent were spent for food consumed at home while 9.0 percent were
Cagayan Valley 49.4 46.9 46.8 expenditures for food regularly consumed outside. Among the food items consumed
at home, breads and cereals had the biggest share in food expenditures at
Central Luzon 43.7 42.0 42.7 11.0 percent. This was followed by expenditures for meat and fish, and seafood with
CALABARZON 40.6 39.8 40.0 respective shares of 5.7 percent and 5.0 percent. The least share of 0.7 percent was
MIMAROPA Region 46.4 44.4 47.0 recorded for oils and fats (Table 4b).
Bicol Region 49.0 48.0 47.0 Figure 3. Percentage shares of food in the total annual family expenditure by region,
Philippines, 2018
Western Visayas 44.4 45.6 43.2
60.7
Central Visayas 44.5 44.3 42.5
49.7
Eastern Visayas 45.8 44.9 45.8 46.6 46.8 47.0 47.0
43.2
45.8 43.9
46.1 47.5
45.0
42.7 42.5
38.1 40.0
Zamboanga Peninsula 49.0 48.2 49.7 34.5
Northern Mindanao 43.8 40.6 43.9

Davao Region 47.6 43.6 46.1
SOCCSKSARGEN 48.2 44.7 47.5
Caraga 47.5 45.3 45.0
ARMM 59.8 59.0 60.7
Source of data: FIES, Philippine Statistics Authority
At the regional level, majority of the regions posted increasing proportions of food in
the total annual family expenditures as compared with the 2015 levels. ARMM
continued to record the biggest proportion of food expenditures in 2018 at
60.7 percent. About 46 to 49 percent shares were reported in Ilocos Region,
Cagayan Valley, MIMAROPA Region, Bicol Region, Zamboanga Peninsula, Davao
Region and SOCCSKSARGEN. In contrast, declining and least allocation for food
expenditures was noted in CAR at 34.5 percent (Table 4c).

16 5
Self-Sufficiency Ratio
Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) shows the magnitude of production in relation to Table 4b. Percentage shares of food in the total annual family expenditure
domestic utilization. It is the extent to which a country’s supply of commodities is by food item, Philippines, 2012, 2015 and 2018
derived from its own domestic production. A ratio of less than 100 percent indicates
Year
inadequacy of food production to cope with the demand of the population; equal to Item
100 percent indicates that food production capacity of the sector is just enough to 2012 2015 2018
support the food needs of the population; ratio of greater than 100 percent
indicates that domestic production is more than enough to support the domestic Food 42.8 41.9 42.6
requirements. The higher the ratio, the greater the self-sufficiency.
Food consumed at home 35.3 33.7 33.6
In 2019, the country’s self-sufficiency ratio Figure 4. Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) of selected agricultural
commodities, Philippines, 2019
Breads and Cereals 12.0 11.7 11.0
(SSR) of rice dropped to 79.8 percent (in percent) Meat 5.9 5.4 5.7
from the previous year’s ratio of Rice 79.8 Fish and seafood 5.4 5.0 5.0
86.2 percent. This implies that the Corn 94.6 Milk, Cheese and Eggs 2.9 2.8 3.0
country’s own production accounted for Coconut 100.0
Oils and Fats 0.7 0.6 0.7
79.8 percent of the domestic supply of Sugarcane 100.0
Fuits 1.3 1.2 1.3
rice. The decline in the SSR of rice was Coffee 32.4
brought about by the reduced share of Cacao 129.3

Vegetables 2.4 2.3 2.5
domestic production to the country’s Calamansi 100.1 Sugar, jam, honey, chocolate
supply while the share of rice imports was Papaya 103.5 and confectionary 1.0 0.9 0.8
on the uptrend. Meanwhile, the self- Pomelo 100.0 Food products not elsewhere classified 1.0 1.0 0.9
Tomato 100.0
sufficiency ratio of corn increased to Coffee, tea and cocoa 1.3 1.5 1.4
Garlic 7.9
94.6 percent from the 2018 ratio of Mineral water, Softdrinks, Fruit and
Onion 90.5
88.4 percent. This can be traced from the Vegetable Juices 1.4 1.3 1.2
Cabbage 100.0
increase in domestic production and Eggplant 100.0 Food regularly consumed outside 7.5 8.2 9.0
reduction in the level of corn importation. Ampalaya 100.0
Sufficiency in production was continuously Peanut 25.0
recorded for coconut and sugarcane. SSR Mongo 50.0
of cacao increased to 129.3 percent and Cassava 100.0
recorded the highest ratio among the Sweet potato 100.1
reference commodities in 2019. While Potato 81.9
coffee recorded an increasing SSR to Beef 59.7
32.4 percent, still, domestic production Carabeef 71.7
remained insufficient in 2019. Pork 87.1
Chevon 100.0
Adequacies in production continued for Chicken (dressed) 94.1
fruits such as calamansi, papaya and Duck (dressed) 99.5
pomelo. For vegetables and rootcrops, Chicken egg 100.0
Duck egg
self-sufficiency was likewise achieved for 100.0
Milkfish 101.4
tomato, cabbage, eggplant, ampalaya,
Roundscad 78.1
cassava and sweet potato. On the other
Tilapia 99.9
hand, the domestic production levels of
Tuna 76.5
garlic, peanut and mongo remained deficit Shrimps & Prawns 103.7
with their respective SSRs recorded at Crabs 116.7
7.9 percent, 25.0 percent and Oyster 100.1
50.0 percent. Onion posted a higher SSR
100.0 and Above Below 100.0
which went up to 90.5 percent in 2019 as
compared with the 61.5 percent in 2018. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
of potato to 81.9 percent in 2019. PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

6 15
compared with the 61.5 percent in 2018. This can be attributed to the higher share
Table 4a. Total annual family expenditure and percentage shares of of domestic production and lower volume of onion imports during the period.
food in the total annual family expenditure, Lesser share of local production led to the continuous decline in the SSR of potato
Philippines, 2012, 2015 and 2018 to 81.9 percent in 2019.
Among the livestock and poultry products, sufficiency in production was sustained
Share of Food for chevon, chicken egg and duck egg. In 2019, the country was almost
Total Annual Family
in the Total Annual Family self-sufficient for duck (dressed) at a ratio of 99.5 percent. Increases in SSRs were
Year Expenditure
Expenditure noted for carabeef at 71.7 percent, pork at 87.1 percent and chicken (dressed) at
(in million pesos) 94.1 percent. In contrast, SSR of beef declined to 59.7 percent in 2019.
(in percent)
Sufficiency in production was achieved for fishery products such as milkfish,
2012 4,125,312 42.8 shrimps and prawns, and oyster. Higher but declining SSR was recorded for crabs
at 116.7 percent. Production remained inadequate for roundscad and tuna whose
self-sufficiency ratios further slid to 78.1 percent and 76.5 percent, respectively
2015 4,882,860 41.9 (Table 5).
Import Dependency Ratio

2018 5,905,688 42.6
Import dependency ratio (IDR) indicates the extent to which a country’s supply of
Source of data: FIES, Philippine Statistics Authority commodities came from imports. A high ratio implies greater dependency on
importation.
Figure 5. Import dependency ratio (IDR) of selected
The country’s import dependency ratio agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2019
(IDR) of rice went up to 20.2 percent in (in percent)
2019. This means that 20.2 percent of the Rice 20.2
domestic supply of rice was sourced from Corn 5.4
imports. In the same year, corn recorded Coffee 67.6

Cacao 17.1
a reduction in importation as IDR dropped
Garlic 92.2
to 5.4 percent. Onion 9.6
Higher but declining dependency on Peanut 75.0
importation in 2019 was noted for coffee, Mongo 50.5

Potato 18.1
peanut and mongo. Their corresponding
Beef 40.3
IDRs in 2019 were estimated Carabeef 28.3
at 67.6 percent, 75.0 percent and Pork 12.9
50.5 percent. Minimal importation was Chicken (dressed) 6.0
noted for cacao, onion and potato with Duck (dressed) 0.6
IDRs at 17.1 percent, 9.6 percent and Milkfish 0.1
18.1 percent, respectively. On the other Roundscad 21.9

Tuna 27.9
hand, uptrend in importation was
Shrimps & Prawns 8.2
observed in garlic which resulted to the
Crabs 0.1
highest IDR among the reference Oyster 0.1
commodities at 92.2 percent in 2019. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
Continued importation was recorded for livestock and poultry products except for
chevon, chicken egg and duck egg. Higher IDR was observed for beef which went
up to 40.3 percent. In contrast, carabeef and pork registered lower and decreasing
IDRs in 2019 at 28.3 percent and 12.9 percent, respectively. Dependency on
imports was low for chicken (dressed) at 6.0 percent and duck (dressed)
at 0.6 percent.
14 7
Importation was minimal for most of the reference fishery products. High and Table 3c. Daily per capita fats supply of selected agricultural commodities,
increasing IDRs were noted for roundscad at 21.9 percent and tuna at
(in grams)
27.9 percent in 2019. Importation of shrimps and prawns declined as IDR dropped
to 8.2 percent. IDRs of milkfish, crabs and oyster were recorded at 0.1 percent
Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
each (Table 6).
Rice 1.53 1.48 1.63 1.64 1.76
Cereals Stocks Corn 0.84 0.93 0.62 1.14 0.77
Information on supply condition is vital to be able to maintain food balance. The Coconut 1.05 0.97 0.98 1.01 1.00
occurrence of typhoons and other calamities as well as volatile grains market Sugarcane 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01
structures necessitate the need to monitor stocks situation of the staple grains. This Coffee a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
is to ensure supply and demand equilibrium, access and price stability. Information Cacao 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.07
on monthly stockholdings can guide policy makers on how much and whether to Banana 0.54 0.53 0.46 0.45 0.34
export or import rice or corn in the future. Pineapple 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.05
Mango 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07
In 2019, the peak month of rice stocking was Figure 6. Cereals inventory levels during peak Calamansi 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
reported in December with a total volume of months of stocking, 2015-2019
(in '000 MT) Papaya 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
3.10 million metric tons. The bulk of the rice Pomelo a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
stocks inventory came from households 3,689.41
accounting for 51.9 percent while 32.6 percent 3,441.41 (May)
3,214.18
Tomato a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
(December) 3,098.01
3,000.45
were from commercial warehouses and the (May)
(November) (December) Garlic 0.01 a/ 0.01 0.01 0.01
remaining 15.5 percent were stocks from the Onion 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02
Cabbage a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
National Food Authority (NFA) holdings. In 1,556.54
(May) 1,221.91 1,198.50 Eggplant 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
contrast, the lowest rice stocks inventory was (August) (November)
Amplaya 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
604.79
consistently recorded in the month of 420.74
(October)
(November)
September at 1.84 million metric tons. Of this Peanut 0.68 0.66 0.76 0.76 0.74
total stock, 41.2 percent were held by 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Mongo 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
commercial warehouses, 36.5 percent were Rice Corn
Cassava 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
kept by households. Stocks in NFA Source: Philippine Statistics Authority and National Food Authority Sweet potato 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
depositories comprised 22.2 percent Potato a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
(Tables 7a and 7b)
Beef 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
Figure 7. Cereals inventory levels during lean Carabeef 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.09
For corn, the biggest volume of stocks in 2019 months of stocking, 2015-2019
(in '000 MT) Pork 13.58 14.13 14.36 14.62 14.13
was noted in November with 1.20 million
Chevon 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
metric tons. The commercial warehouses 1,955.50
1,842.37
(September) 1,775.76
comprised 81.4 percent while households (September)
1,422.84
(September) Chicken (dressed) 5.59 5.72 5.21 5.54 5.70
shared 18.6 percent in the total corn stocks. (September) 1,168.03 Duck (dressed) 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
(September)
On the other hand, the lowest volume of corn Chicken egg 1.04 1.06 1.12 1.20 1.29
stocks at 0.40 million metric tons was 382.13 397.12 Duck egg 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15
215.92 278.33
183.96 (January) (March)
(March)
recorded in the month of March. Of this (January) (July)
Milkfish 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.42 0.43
volume, 71.7 percent were in commercial 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Roundscad 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.09
holdings and 28.3 percent were stocks in the Rice Corn
Tilapia 0.31 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.30
households (Tables 8a and 8b). Tuna 0.26 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.26
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority and National Food Authority
Shrimps & Prawns 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02
Crabs 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
Oyster 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
a/ - less than 0.01 gram
Source of basic data: Philippine Food Composition Tables, Food and Nutrition Research Institute and
Philippine Statistics Authority

8 13
Table 3b. Daily per capita protein supply of selected agricultural commodities,
Philippines, 2015-2019 Table 1. Annual per capita production index of selected agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2015-2019
(2018=100)
(in grams)
(in percent)
Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2018 Indices 2019

Percentage
Per Capita Point Per Capita
Commodity
Rice 22.63 21.86 24.15 24.28 26.04 Production 1/ Production
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Difference
Corn 4.67 5.12 3.43 6.29 4.24 (kg/annum) (kg/annum)
Coconut 0.28 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.26 Rice 117.91 99.1 94.7 102.6 100.0 97.3 -2.7 114.69
Sugarcane 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Corn 73.49 100.7 95.1 103.4 100.0 101.2 1.2 74.37
Coffee 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.06 Coconut 139.25 104.2 96.2 96.9 100.0 98.8 -1.2 137.62
Cacao 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Sugarcane 233.85 96.5 92.7 120.2 100.0 82.6 -17.4 193.12
Coffee 0.16 124.9 116.9 104.5 100.0 98.1 -1.9 0.16
Banana 1.52 1.47 1.28 1.25 0.94 Cacao 0.08 78.6 80.4 89.1 100.0 104.8 4.8 0.08
Pineapple 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.11
Banana 88.49 101.1 97.5 99.4 100.0 96.5 -3.5 85.36
Mango 0.13 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.10
Pineapple 25.82 98.5 98.0 99.3 100.0 99.2 -0.8 25.61
Calamansi 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Mango 6.73 132.1 117.2 105.1 100.0 102.2 2.2 6.88
Papaya 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Calamansi 1.07 149.2 106.7 104.3 100.0 109.3 9.3 1.17
Pomelo 0.01 0.01 a/ a/ a/ Papaya 1.60 106.3 98.4 100.3 100.0 96.8 -3.2 1.55
Tomato 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 Pomelo 0.25 116.5 109.6 102.7 100.0 97.9 -2.1 0.25
Garlic 0.14 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.15 Tomato 2.09 101.3 97.7 100.6 100.0 99.7 -0.3 2.08
Onion 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.10 Garlic 0.07 143.5 101.2 104.1 100.0 94.6 -5.4 0.07
Cabbage 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Onion 1.63 109.3 72.7 108.4 100.0 126.8 26.8 2.07
Eggplant 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 Cabbage 1.14 108.5 104.5 103.1 100.0 104.6 4.6 1.19
Ampalaya 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Eggplant 2.32 99.0 98.6 100.3 100.0 100.6 0.6 2.33
Ampalaya 0.83 107.1 102.5 103.9 100.0 100.8 0.8 0.83
Peanut 0.45 0.43 0.49 0.50 0.48
Mongo 0.40 0.40 0.44 0.45 0.43 Peanut 0.28 103.3 97.2 101.3 100.0 98.1 -1.9 0.27
Mongo 0.35 95.5 95.1 97.9 100.0 97.5 -2.5 0.34
Cassava 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04
Sweet potato 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 Cassava 25.75 103.8 103.6 104.6 100.0 95.2 -4.8 24.52
Potato 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 Sweet potato 4.97 106.2 103.2 103.8 100.0 98.6 -1.4 4.90
Potato 1.11 105.1 101.9 101.7 100.0 97.4 -2.6 1.08
Beef 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11
Carabeef 0.67 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.57 Beef 1.46 105.5 105.2 102.7 100.0 97.6 -2.4 1.42
Pork 6.26 6.51 6.62 6.73 6.51 Carabeef 0.79 103.3 103.5 102.4 100.0 96.9 -3.1 0.77
Pork 18.50 95.2 98.5 99.1 100.0 97.6 -2.4 18.05
Chevon 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16
Chevon 0.42 104.8 103.1 102.0 100.0 97.8 -2.2 0.42
Chicken (dressed) 7.18 7.33 6.68 7.10 7.31
Chicken (dressed) 13.37 94.2 93.4 96.5 100.0 103.4 3.4 13.83
Duck (dressed) 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13
Duck (dressed) 0.22 114.7 107.1 102.5 100.0 96.3 -3.7 0.21
Chicken egg 1.36 1.39 1.47 1.57 1.69
Chicken egg 5.05 86.7 88.6 93.6 100.0 107.7 7.7 5.44
Duck egg 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14
Duck egg 0.44 94.7 97.0 99.0 100.0 104.8 4.8 0.46
Milkfish 1.35 1.36 1.40 1.31 1.34 Milkfish 3.78 102.2 103.1 105.6 100.0 102.2 2.2 3.87
Roundscad 0.81 0.75 0.65 0.62 0.92 Roundscad 1.62 136.8 126.6 108.5 100.0 108.8 8.8 1.76
Tilapia 1.48 1.40 1.44 1.46 1.44 Tilapia 3.04 101.1 95.9 98.3 100.0 98.6 -1.4 2.99
Tuna 3.15 2.71 2.87 2.89 3.09 Tuna 5.04 109.5 97.9 103.1 100.0 98.2 -1.8 4.95
Shrimps & Prawns 0.28 0.26 0.23 0.24 0.24 Shrimps & Prawns 0.49 118.3 110.9 103.7 100.0 100.0 0.02 0.49
Crabs 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.15 0.15 Crabs 0.53 81.2 85.6 91.9 100.0 92.1 -7.9 0.48
Oyster 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 Oyster 0.28 74.8 72.4 81.8 100.0 127.2 27.2 0.35
1/
a/ - less than 0.01 gram 2019 Index less 2018 Index, (2018=100)
Source of basic data: Philippine Food Composition Tables, Food and Nutrition Research Institute and Source of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority

12 9
Table 2. Daily per capita net food disposable (NFD) index of selected agricultural commodities, Table 3a. Daily per capita calories supply of selected agricultural commodities,
Philippines, 2015-2019 Philippines, 2015-2019
(2018=100)
(in kilo calories)
(in percent)
2018 Indices 2019 Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Percentage
Per Capita Per Capita
Commodity Point
NFD NFD
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Difference 1/ Rice 1,088.67 1,051.75 1,161.68 1,168.08 1,252.59
(grams/day) (grams/day)
Corn 200.93 220.23 147.33 270.56 182.37
Rice 328.11 93.2 90.0 99.5 100.0 107.2 7.2 351.85
Coconut 20.27 18.70 18.84 19.45 19.23
Corn 75.79 74.3 81.4 54.5 100.0 67.4 -32.6 51.08
Sugarcane 3.09 2.97 3.85 3.20 2.65
Coconut 19.07 104.2 96.1 96.9 100.0 98.8 -1.2 18.85 Coffee 0.55 0.54 0.34 0.50 0.44
Sugarcane 6.41 96.5 92.7 120.2 100.0 82.6 -17.4 5.29
Cacao 0.68 0.65 0.76 0.79 0.69
Coffee 1.07 109.8 106.4 68.5 100.0 87.9 -12.1 0.94
Cacao 0.19 85.9 81.7 95.2 100.0 86.4 -13.6 0.17 Banana 152.44 147.51 128.68 125.18 94.13
Banana 111.41 121.8 117.8 102.8 100.0 75.2 -24.8 83.77
Pineapple 16.82 14.69 15.75 16.66 14.86
Pineapple 30.30 100.9 88.2 94.5 100.0 89.2 -10.8 27.02 Mango 16.27 14.39 12.85 12.26 12.53
Mango 17.00 132.7 117.3 104.8 100.0 102.2 2.2 17.37
Calamansi 1.81 1.30 1.27 1.22 1.33
Calamansi 2.76 149.2 106.7 104.3 100.0 109.3 9.3 3.02 Papaya 2.30 2.13 2.16 2.14 2.04
Papaya 4.03 107.4 99.5 101.0 100.0 95.6 -4.4 3.85 Pomelo 0.39 0.37 0.34 0.33 0.33
Pomelo 0.66 116.3 109.6 102.7 100.0 97.9 -2.1 0.64
Tomato 1.13 1.09 1.12 1.12 1.11
Tomato 4.46 101.3 97.7 100.6 100.0 99.7 -0.3 4.45 Garlic 2.54 2.10 2.36 2.64 2.77
Garlic 2.05 96.1 79.5 89.2 100.0 104.8 4.8 2.15 Onion 3.15 3.73 3.12 3.97 3.42
Onion 6.62 79.3 93.9 78.6 100.0 86.0 -14.0 5.70
Cabbage 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.95
Cabbage 2.87 108.5 104.5 103.1 100.0 104.6 4.6 3.01
Eggplant 1.68 1.67 1.70 1.69 1.67
Eggplant 5.83 99.1 98.6 100.3 100.0 98.6 -1.4 5.75
Ampalaya 0.58 0.55 0.56 0.54 0.55
Ampalaya 2.08 107.1 102.5 103.9 100.0 100.8 0.8 2.10
Peanut 2.86 89.6 87.1 99.6 100.0 96.8 -3.2 2.77

Peanut 10.26 9.98 11.41 11.46 11.09
Mongo 1.93 89.5 89.2 97.3 100.0 95.4 -4.6 1.84 Mongo 6.14 6.13 6.68 6.86 6.55
Cassava 7.05 103.8 103.7 104.7 100.0 95.2 -4.8 6.71 Cassava 10.98 10.96 11.07 10.58 10.07
Sweet potato 12.89 106.2 103.2 103.8 100.0 98.5 -1.5 12.70 Sweet potato 16.60 16.13 16.22 15.63 15.39
Potato 2.73 101.6 99.0 98.7 100.0 99.9 -0.1 2.73 Potato 2.16 2.11 2.10 2.13 2.13
Beef 5.32 91.9 97.7 98.4 100.0 100.7 0.7 5.36 Beef 7.69 8.17 8.23 8.37 8.43
Carabeef 3.02 101.3 97.8 98.6 100.0 87.0 -13.0 2.63 Carabeef 3.65 3.53 3.56 3.61 3.14
Pork 44.43 92.9 96.7 98.2 100.0 96.7 -3.3 42.94 Pork 147.41 153.42 155.88 158.66 153.36
Chevon 0.88 104.8 103.1 102.0 100.0 97.8 -2.2 0.86 Chevon 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.89 0.87
Chicken (dressed) 39.13 101.0 103.3 94.1 100.0 102.9 2.9 40.27 Chicken (dressed) 78.94 80.68 73.49 78.13 80.40
Duck (dressed) 0.60 114.9 107.2 102.3 100.0 96.1 -3.9 0.58
Duck (dressed) 1.15 1.07 1.02 1.00 0.96
Chicken egg 12.72 86.7 88.6 93.6 100.0 107.7 7.7 13.70
Chicken egg 15.34 15.67 16.56 17.69 19.05
Duck egg 1.14 94.7 97.0 98.9 100.0 104.8 4.8 1.19
Duck egg 1.90 1.95 1.99 2.01 2.11
Milkfish 6.64 102.5 103.3 106.2 100.0 101.6 1.6 6.75
Roundscad 3.02 130.6 121.4 105.8 100.0 148.5 48.5 4.49 Milkfish 9.25 9.33 9.59 9.03 9.17
Tilapia 8.07 101.0 95.9 98.4 100.0 98.6 -1.4 7.96 Roundscad 3.95 3.67 3.20 3.02 4.49
Tuna 12.14 109.0 93.7 99.3 100.0 106.8 6.8 12.96 Tilapia 8.72 8.28 8.50 8.64 8.51
Shrimps & Prawns 1.28 117.4 106.9 94.4 100.0 99.5 -0.5 1.27 Tuna 14.95 12.85 13.62 13.72 14.65
Crabs 1.10 86.4 86.2 84.3 100.0 101.8 1.8 1.12 Shrimps & Prawns 1.38 1.26 1.11 1.17 1.17
Oyster 0.75 74.4 72.7 81.1 100.0 127.8 27.8 0.96 Crabs 1.16 1.15 1.13 1.34 1.36
Oyster 0.33 0.33 0.36 0.45 0.57
NFD- Net Food Disposable
1/
2019 Index less 2018 Index, (2018=100) Source of basic data: Philipine Food Composition Tables, Food and Nutrition Research Institute and Philippine
Source of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority Statistics Authority

10 11
Table 2. Daily per capita net food disposable (NFD) index of selected agricultural commodities, Table 3a. Daily per capita calories supply of selected agricultural commodities,
Philippines, 2015-2019 Philippines, 2015-2019
(2018=100)
(in kilo calories)
(in percent)
2018 Indices 2019 Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Percentage
Per Capita Per Capita
Commodity Point
NFD NFD
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Difference 1/ Rice 1,088.67 1,051.75 1,161.68 1,168.08 1,252.59
(grams/day) (grams/day)
Corn 200.93 220.23 147.33 270.56 182.37
Rice 328.11 93.2 90.0 99.5 100.0 107.2 7.2 351.85
Coconut 20.27 18.70 18.84 19.45 19.23
Corn 75.79 74.3 81.4 54.5 100.0 67.4 -32.6 51.08
Sugarcane 3.09 2.97 3.85 3.20 2.65
Coconut 19.07 104.2 96.1 96.9 100.0 98.8 -1.2 18.85 Coffee 0.55 0.54 0.34 0.50 0.44
Sugarcane 6.41 96.5 92.7 120.2 100.0 82.6 -17.4 5.29
Cacao 0.68 0.65 0.76 0.79 0.69
Coffee 1.07 109.8 106.4 68.5 100.0 87.9 -12.1 0.94
Cacao 0.19 85.9 81.7 95.2 100.0 86.4 -13.6 0.17 Banana 152.44 147.51 128.68 125.18 94.13
Banana 111.41 121.8 117.8 102.8 100.0 75.2 -24.8 83.77
Pineapple 16.82 14.69 15.75 16.66 14.86
Pineapple 30.30 100.9 88.2 94.5 100.0 89.2 -10.8 27.02 Mango 16.27 14.39 12.85 12.26 12.53
Mango 17.00 132.7 117.3 104.8 100.0 102.2 2.2 17.37
Calamansi 1.81 1.30 1.27 1.22 1.33
Calamansi 2.76 149.2 106.7 104.3 100.0 109.3 9.3 3.02 Papaya 2.30 2.13 2.16 2.14 2.04
Papaya 4.03 107.4 99.5 101.0 100.0 95.6 -4.4 3.85 Pomelo 0.39 0.37 0.34 0.33 0.33
Pomelo 0.66 116.3 109.6 102.7 100.0 97.9 -2.1 0.64
Tomato 1.13 1.09 1.12 1.12 1.11
Tomato 4.46 101.3 97.7 100.6 100.0 99.7 -0.3 4.45 Garlic 2.54 2.10 2.36 2.64 2.77
Garlic 2.05 96.1 79.5 89.2 100.0 104.8 4.8 2.15 Onion 3.15 3.73 3.12 3.97 3.42
Onion 6.62 79.3 93.9 78.6 100.0 86.0 -14.0 5.70
Cabbage 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.95
Cabbage 2.87 108.5 104.5 103.1 100.0 104.6 4.6 3.01
Eggplant 1.68 1.67 1.70 1.69 1.67
Eggplant 5.83 99.1 98.6 100.3 100.0 98.6 -1.4 5.75
Ampalaya 0.58 0.55 0.56 0.54 0.55
Ampalaya 2.08 107.1 102.5 103.9 100.0 100.8 0.8 2.10
Peanut 2.86 89.6 87.1 99.6 100.0 96.8 -3.2 2.77

Peanut 10.26 9.98 11.41 11.46 11.09
Mongo 1.93 89.5 89.2 97.3 100.0 95.4 -4.6 1.84 Mongo 6.14 6.13 6.68 6.86 6.55
Cassava 7.05 103.8 103.7 104.7 100.0 95.2 -4.8 6.71 Cassava 10.98 10.96 11.07 10.58 10.07
Sweet potato 12.89 106.2 103.2 103.8 100.0 98.5 -1.5 12.70 Sweet potato 16.60 16.13 16.22 15.63 15.39
Potato 2.73 101.6 99.0 98.7 100.0 99.9 -0.1 2.73 Potato 2.16 2.11 2.10 2.13 2.13
Beef 5.32 91.9 97.7 98.4 100.0 100.7 0.7 5.36 Beef 7.69 8.17 8.23 8.37 8.43
Carabeef 3.02 101.3 97.8 98.6 100.0 87.0 -13.0 2.63 Carabeef 3.65 3.53 3.56 3.61 3.14
Pork 44.43 92.9 96.7 98.2 100.0 96.7 -3.3 42.94 Pork 147.41 153.42 155.88 158.66 153.36
Chevon 0.88 104.8 103.1 102.0 100.0 97.8 -2.2 0.86 Chevon 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.89 0.87
Chicken (dressed) 39.13 101.0 103.3 94.1 100.0 102.9 2.9 40.27 Chicken (dressed) 78.94 80.68 73.49 78.13 80.40
Duck (dressed) 0.60 114.9 107.2 102.3 100.0 96.1 -3.9 0.58
Duck (dressed) 1.15 1.07 1.02 1.00 0.96
Chicken egg 12.72 86.7 88.6 93.6 100.0 107.7 7.7 13.70
Chicken egg 15.34 15.67 16.56 17.69 19.05
Duck egg 1.14 94.7 97.0 98.9 100.0 104.8 4.8 1.19
Duck egg 1.90 1.95 1.99 2.01 2.11
Milkfish 6.64 102.5 103.3 106.2 100.0 101.6 1.6 6.75
Roundscad 3.02 130.6 121.4 105.8 100.0 148.5 48.5 4.49 Milkfish 9.25 9.33 9.59 9.03 9.17
Tilapia 8.07 101.0 95.9 98.4 100.0 98.6 -1.4 7.96 Roundscad 3.95 3.67 3.20 3.02 4.49
Tuna 12.14 109.0 93.7 99.3 100.0 106.8 6.8 12.96 Tilapia 8.72 8.28 8.50 8.64 8.51
Shrimps & Prawns 1.28 117.4 106.9 94.4 100.0 99.5 -0.5 1.27 Tuna 14.95 12.85 13.62 13.72 14.65
Crabs 1.10 86.4 86.2 84.3 100.0 101.8 1.8 1.12 Shrimps & Prawns 1.38 1.26 1.11 1.17 1.17
Oyster 0.75 74.4 72.7 81.1 100.0 127.8 27.8 0.96 Crabs 1.16 1.15 1.13 1.34 1.36
Oyster 0.33 0.33 0.36 0.45 0.57
NFD- Net Food Disposable
1/
2019 Index less 2018 Index, (2018=100) Source of basic data: Philipine Food Composition Tables, Food and Nutrition Research Institute and Philippine
Source of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority Statistics Authority

10 11
Table 3b. Daily per capita protein supply of selected agricultural commodities,
Philippines, 2015-2019 Table 1. Annual per capita production index of selected agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2015-2019
(2018=100)
(in grams)
(in percent)
Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2018 Indices 2019

Percentage
Per Capita Point Per Capita
Commodity
Rice 22.63 21.86 24.15 24.28 26.04 Production 1/ Production
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Difference
Corn 4.67 5.12 3.43 6.29 4.24 (kg/annum) (kg/annum)
Coconut 0.28 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.26 Rice 117.91 99.1 94.7 102.6 100.0 97.3 -2.7 114.69
Sugarcane 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Corn 73.49 100.7 95.1 103.4 100.0 101.2 1.2 74.37
Coffee 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.06 Coconut 139.25 104.2 96.2 96.9 100.0 98.8 -1.2 137.62
Cacao 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Sugarcane 233.85 96.5 92.7 120.2 100.0 82.6 -17.4 193.12
Coffee 0.16 124.9 116.9 104.5 100.0 98.1 -1.9 0.16
Banana 1.52 1.47 1.28 1.25 0.94 Cacao 0.08 78.6 80.4 89.1 100.0 104.8 4.8 0.08
Pineapple 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.11
Banana 88.49 101.1 97.5 99.4 100.0 96.5 -3.5 85.36
Mango 0.13 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.10
Pineapple 25.82 98.5 98.0 99.3 100.0 99.2 -0.8 25.61
Calamansi 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Mango 6.73 132.1 117.2 105.1 100.0 102.2 2.2 6.88
Papaya 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Calamansi 1.07 149.2 106.7 104.3 100.0 109.3 9.3 1.17
Pomelo 0.01 0.01 a/ a/ a/ Papaya 1.60 106.3 98.4 100.3 100.0 96.8 -3.2 1.55
Tomato 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 Pomelo 0.25 116.5 109.6 102.7 100.0 97.9 -2.1 0.25
Garlic 0.14 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.15 Tomato 2.09 101.3 97.7 100.6 100.0 99.7 -0.3 2.08
Onion 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.10 Garlic 0.07 143.5 101.2 104.1 100.0 94.6 -5.4 0.07
Cabbage 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Onion 1.63 109.3 72.7 108.4 100.0 126.8 26.8 2.07
Eggplant 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 Cabbage 1.14 108.5 104.5 103.1 100.0 104.6 4.6 1.19
Ampalaya 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Eggplant 2.32 99.0 98.6 100.3 100.0 100.6 0.6 2.33
Ampalaya 0.83 107.1 102.5 103.9 100.0 100.8 0.8 0.83
Peanut 0.45 0.43 0.49 0.50 0.48
Mongo 0.40 0.40 0.44 0.45 0.43 Peanut 0.28 103.3 97.2 101.3 100.0 98.1 -1.9 0.27
Mongo 0.35 95.5 95.1 97.9 100.0 97.5 -2.5 0.34
Cassava 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04
Sweet potato 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 Cassava 25.75 103.8 103.6 104.6 100.0 95.2 -4.8 24.52
Potato 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 Sweet potato 4.97 106.2 103.2 103.8 100.0 98.6 -1.4 4.90
Potato 1.11 105.1 101.9 101.7 100.0 97.4 -2.6 1.08
Beef 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11
Carabeef 0.67 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.57 Beef 1.46 105.5 105.2 102.7 100.0 97.6 -2.4 1.42
Pork 6.26 6.51 6.62 6.73 6.51 Carabeef 0.79 103.3 103.5 102.4 100.0 96.9 -3.1 0.77
Pork 18.50 95.2 98.5 99.1 100.0 97.6 -2.4 18.05
Chevon 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16
Chevon 0.42 104.8 103.1 102.0 100.0 97.8 -2.2 0.42
Chicken (dressed) 7.18 7.33 6.68 7.10 7.31
Chicken (dressed) 13.37 94.2 93.4 96.5 100.0 103.4 3.4 13.83
Duck (dressed) 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13
Duck (dressed) 0.22 114.7 107.1 102.5 100.0 96.3 -3.7 0.21
Chicken egg 1.36 1.39 1.47 1.57 1.69
Chicken egg 5.05 86.7 88.6 93.6 100.0 107.7 7.7 5.44
Duck egg 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14
Duck egg 0.44 94.7 97.0 99.0 100.0 104.8 4.8 0.46
Milkfish 1.35 1.36 1.40 1.31 1.34 Milkfish 3.78 102.2 103.1 105.6 100.0 102.2 2.2 3.87
Roundscad 0.81 0.75 0.65 0.62 0.92 Roundscad 1.62 136.8 126.6 108.5 100.0 108.8 8.8 1.76
Tilapia 1.48 1.40 1.44 1.46 1.44 Tilapia 3.04 101.1 95.9 98.3 100.0 98.6 -1.4 2.99
Tuna 3.15 2.71 2.87 2.89 3.09 Tuna 5.04 109.5 97.9 103.1 100.0 98.2 -1.8 4.95
Shrimps & Prawns 0.28 0.26 0.23 0.24 0.24 Shrimps & Prawns 0.49 118.3 110.9 103.7 100.0 100.0 0.02 0.49
Crabs 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.15 0.15 Crabs 0.53 81.2 85.6 91.9 100.0 92.1 -7.9 0.48
Oyster 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 Oyster 0.28 74.8 72.4 81.8 100.0 127.2 27.2 0.35
1/
a/ - less than 0.01 gram 2019 Index less 2018 Index, (2018=100)
Source of basic data: Philippine Food Composition Tables, Food and Nutrition Research Institute and Source of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority

12 9
Importation was minimal for most of the reference fishery products. High and Table 3c. Daily per capita fats supply of selected agricultural commodities,
increasing IDRs were noted for roundscad at 21.9 percent and tuna at
(in grams)
27.9 percent in 2019. Importation of shrimps and prawns declined as IDR dropped
to 8.2 percent. IDRs of milkfish, crabs and oyster were recorded at 0.1 percent
Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
each (Table 6).
Rice 1.53 1.48 1.63 1.64 1.76
Cereals Stocks Corn 0.84 0.93 0.62 1.14 0.77
Information on supply condition is vital to be able to maintain food balance. The Coconut 1.05 0.97 0.98 1.01 1.00
occurrence of typhoons and other calamities as well as volatile grains market Sugarcane 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01
structures necessitate the need to monitor stocks situation of the staple grains. This Coffee a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
is to ensure supply and demand equilibrium, access and price stability. Information Cacao 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.07
on monthly stockholdings can guide policy makers on how much and whether to Banana 0.54 0.53 0.46 0.45 0.34
export or import rice or corn in the future. Pineapple 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.05
Mango 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07
In 2019, the peak month of rice stocking was Figure 6. Cereals inventory levels during peak Calamansi 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
reported in December with a total volume of months of stocking, 2015-2019
(in '000 MT) Papaya 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
3.10 million metric tons. The bulk of the rice Pomelo a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
stocks inventory came from households 3,689.41
accounting for 51.9 percent while 32.6 percent 3,441.41 (May)
3,214.18
Tomato a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
(December) 3,098.01
3,000.45
were from commercial warehouses and the (May)
(November) (December) Garlic 0.01 a/ 0.01 0.01 0.01
remaining 15.5 percent were stocks from the Onion 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02
Cabbage a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
National Food Authority (NFA) holdings. In 1,556.54
(May) 1,221.91 1,198.50 Eggplant 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
contrast, the lowest rice stocks inventory was (August) (November)
Amplaya 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
604.79
consistently recorded in the month of 420.74
(October)
(November)
September at 1.84 million metric tons. Of this Peanut 0.68 0.66 0.76 0.76 0.74
total stock, 41.2 percent were held by 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Mongo 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
commercial warehouses, 36.5 percent were Rice Corn
Cassava 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
kept by households. Stocks in NFA Source: Philippine Statistics Authority and National Food Authority Sweet potato 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
depositories comprised 22.2 percent Potato a/ a/ a/ a/ a/
(Tables 7a and 7b)
Beef 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
Figure 7. Cereals inventory levels during lean Carabeef 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.09
For corn, the biggest volume of stocks in 2019 months of stocking, 2015-2019
(in '000 MT) Pork 13.58 14.13 14.36 14.62 14.13
was noted in November with 1.20 million
Chevon 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
metric tons. The commercial warehouses 1,955.50
1,842.37
(September) 1,775.76
comprised 81.4 percent while households (September)
1,422.84
(September) Chicken (dressed) 5.59 5.72 5.21 5.54 5.70
shared 18.6 percent in the total corn stocks. (September) 1,168.03 Duck (dressed) 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
(September)
On the other hand, the lowest volume of corn Chicken egg 1.04 1.06 1.12 1.20 1.29
stocks at 0.40 million metric tons was 382.13 397.12 Duck egg 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15
215.92 278.33
183.96 (January) (March)
(March)
recorded in the month of March. Of this (January) (July)
Milkfish 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.42 0.43
volume, 71.7 percent were in commercial 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Roundscad 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.09
holdings and 28.3 percent were stocks in the Rice Corn
Tilapia 0.31 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.30
households (Tables 8a and 8b). Tuna 0.26 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.26
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority and National Food Authority
Shrimps & Prawns 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02
Crabs 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
Oyster 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
a/ - less than 0.01 gram
Source of basic data: Philippine Food Composition Tables, Food and Nutrition Research Institute and

8 13
compared with the 61.5 percent in 2018. This can be attributed to the higher share
Table 4a. Total annual family expenditure and percentage shares of of domestic production and lower volume of onion imports during the period.
food in the total annual family expenditure, Lesser share of local production led to the continuous decline in the SSR of potato
Philippines, 2012, 2015 and 2018 to 81.9 percent in 2019.
Among the livestock and poultry products, sufficiency in production was sustained
Share of Food for chevon, chicken egg and duck egg. In 2019, the country was almost
Total Annual Family
in the Total Annual Family self-sufficient for duck (dressed) at a ratio of 99.5 percent. Increases in SSRs were
Year Expenditure
Expenditure noted for carabeef at 71.7 percent, pork at 87.1 percent and chicken (dressed) at
(in million pesos) 94.1 percent. In contrast, SSR of beef declined to 59.7 percent in 2019.
(in percent)
Sufficiency in production was achieved for fishery products such as milkfish,
2012 4,125,312 42.8 shrimps and prawns, and oyster. Higher but declining SSR was recorded for crabs
at 116.7 percent. Production remained inadequate for roundscad and tuna whose
self-sufficiency ratios further slid to 78.1 percent and 76.5 percent, respectively
2015 4,882,860 41.9 (Table 5).
Import Dependency Ratio

2018 5,905,688 42.6
Import dependency ratio (IDR) indicates the extent to which a country’s supply of
Source of data: FIES, Philippine Statistics Authority commodities came from imports. A high ratio implies greater dependency on
importation.
Figure 5. Import dependency ratio (IDR) of selected
The country’s import dependency ratio agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2019
(IDR) of rice went up to 20.2 percent in (in percent)
2019. This means that 20.2 percent of the Rice 20.2
domestic supply of rice was sourced from Corn 5.4
imports. In the same year, corn recorded Coffee 67.6

Cacao 17.1
a reduction in importation as IDR dropped
Garlic 92.2
to 5.4 percent. Onion 9.6
Higher but declining dependency on Peanut 75.0
importation in 2019 was noted for coffee, Mongo 50.5

Potato 18.1
peanut and mongo. Their corresponding
Beef 40.3
IDRs in 2019 were estimated Carabeef 28.3
at 67.6 percent, 75.0 percent and Pork 12.9
50.5 percent. Minimal importation was Chicken (dressed) 6.0
noted for cacao, onion and potato with Duck (dressed) 0.6
IDRs at 17.1 percent, 9.6 percent and Milkfish 0.1
18.1 percent, respectively. On the other Roundscad 21.9

Tuna 27.9
hand, uptrend in importation was
Shrimps & Prawns 8.2
observed in garlic which resulted to the
Crabs 0.1
highest IDR among the reference Oyster 0.1
commodities at 92.2 percent in 2019. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
Continued importation was recorded for livestock and poultry products except for
chevon, chicken egg and duck egg. Higher IDR was observed for beef which went
up to 40.3 percent. In contrast, carabeef and pork registered lower and decreasing
IDRs in 2019 at 28.3 percent and 12.9 percent, respectively. Dependency on
imports was low for chicken (dressed) at 6.0 percent and duck (dressed)
at 0.6 percent.
14 7
Self-Sufficiency Ratio
Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) shows the magnitude of production in relation to Table 4b. Percentage shares of food in the total annual family expenditure
domestic utilization. It is the extent to which a country’s supply of commodities is by food item, Philippines, 2012, 2015 and 2018
derived from its own domestic production. A ratio of less than 100 percent indicates
Year
inadequacy of food production to cope with the demand of the population; equal to Item
100 percent indicates that food production capacity of the sector is just enough to 2012 2015 2018
support the food needs of the population; ratio of greater than 100 percent
indicates that domestic production is more than enough to support the domestic Food 42.8 41.9 42.6
requirements. The higher the ratio, the greater the self-sufficiency.
Food consumed at home 35.3 33.7 33.6
In 2019, the country’s self-sufficiency ratio Figure 4. Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) of selected agricultural
commodities, Philippines, 2019
Breads and Cereals 12.0 11.7 11.0
(SSR) of rice dropped to 79.8 percent (in percent) Meat 5.9 5.4 5.7
from the previous year’s ratio of Rice 79.8 Fish and seafood 5.4 5.0 5.0
86.2 percent. This implies that the Corn 94.6 Milk, Cheese and Eggs 2.9 2.8 3.0
country’s own production accounted for Coconut 100.0
Oils and Fats 0.7 0.6 0.7
79.8 percent of the domestic supply of Sugarcane 100.0
Fuits 1.3 1.2 1.3
rice. The decline in the SSR of rice was Coffee 32.4
brought about by the reduced share of Cacao 129.3

Vegetables 2.4 2.3 2.5
domestic production to the country’s Calamansi 100.1 Sugar, jam, honey, chocolate
supply while the share of rice imports was Papaya 103.5 and confectionary 1.0 0.9 0.8
on the uptrend. Meanwhile, the self- Pomelo 100.0 Food products not elsewhere classified 1.0 1.0 0.9
Tomato 100.0
sufficiency ratio of corn increased to Coffee, tea and cocoa 1.3 1.5 1.4
Garlic 7.9
94.6 percent from the 2018 ratio of Mineral water, Softdrinks, Fruit and
Onion 90.5
88.4 percent. This can be traced from the Vegetable Juices 1.4 1.3 1.2
Cabbage 100.0
increase in domestic production and Eggplant 100.0 Food regularly consumed outside 7.5 8.2 9.0
reduction in the level of corn importation. Ampalaya 100.0
Sufficiency in production was continuously Peanut 25.0
recorded for coconut and sugarcane. SSR Mongo 50.0
of cacao increased to 129.3 percent and Cassava 100.0
recorded the highest ratio among the Sweet potato 100.1
reference commodities in 2019. While Potato 81.9
coffee recorded an increasing SSR to Beef 59.7
32.4 percent, still, domestic production Carabeef 71.7
remained insufficient in 2019. Pork 87.1
Chevon 100.0
Adequacies in production continued for Chicken (dressed) 94.1
fruits such as calamansi, papaya and Duck (dressed) 99.5
pomelo. For vegetables and rootcrops, Chicken egg 100.0
Duck egg
self-sufficiency was likewise achieved for 100.0
Milkfish 101.4
tomato, cabbage, eggplant, ampalaya,
Roundscad 78.1
cassava and sweet potato. On the other
Tilapia 99.9
hand, the domestic production levels of
Tuna 76.5
garlic, peanut and mongo remained deficit Shrimps & Prawns 103.7
with their respective SSRs recorded at Crabs 116.7
7.9 percent, 25.0 percent and Oyster 100.1
50.0 percent. Onion posted a higher SSR
100.0 and Above Below 100.0
which went up to 90.5 percent in 2019 as
compared with the 61.5 percent in 2018. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
of potato to 81.9 percent in 2019. PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

6 15
Food Expenditure
by region, Philippines, 2012, 2015 and 2018 The proportion of food expenditure to total annual family expenditure indicates the
extent of the allocation of the household’s disposable income to pay for the food
Year commodities.
Region
2012 2015 2018
As reported in the 2018 Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES), the total
annual family expenditure of Filipinos was estimated at PhP 5.906 trillion, recording a
Philippines 42.8 41.9 42.6
20.9 percent increase from the 2015 level of PhP 4.883 trillion (Table 4a).
NCR 36.5 36.3 38.1
In 2018, the share of food in the total annual family expenditures rose to
CAR 40.8 39.4 34.5 42.6 percent, from the 41.9 percent reported in 2015. Of this proportion,
Ilocos Region 45.3 44.4 46.6 33.6 percent were spent for food consumed at home while 9.0 percent were
Cagayan Valley 49.4 46.9 46.8 expenditures for food regularly consumed outside. Among the food items consumed
at home, breads and cereals had the biggest share in food expenditures at
Central Luzon 43.7 42.0 42.7 11.0 percent. This was followed by expenditures for meat and fish, and seafood with
CALABARZON 40.6 39.8 40.0 respective shares of 5.7 percent and 5.0 percent. The least share of 0.7 percent was
MIMAROPA Region 46.4 44.4 47.0 recorded for oils and fats (Table 4b).
Bicol Region 49.0 48.0 47.0 Figure 3. Percentage shares of food in the total annual family expenditure by region,
Philippines, 2018
Western Visayas 44.4 45.6 43.2
60.7
Central Visayas 44.5 44.3 42.5
49.7
Eastern Visayas 45.8 44.9 45.8 46.6 46.8 47.0 47.0
43.2
45.8 43.9
46.1 47.5
45.0
42.7 42.5
38.1 40.0
Zamboanga Peninsula 49.0 48.2 49.7 34.5
Northern Mindanao 43.8 40.6 43.9

Davao Region 47.6 43.6 46.1
SOCCSKSARGEN 48.2 44.7 47.5
Caraga 47.5 45.3 45.0
ARMM 59.8 59.0 60.7
At the regional level, majority of the regions posted increasing proportions of food in
the total annual family expenditures as compared with the 2015 levels. ARMM
continued to record the biggest proportion of food expenditures in 2018 at
60.7 percent. About 46 to 49 percent shares were reported in Ilocos Region,
Cagayan Valley, MIMAROPA Region, Bicol Region, Zamboanga Peninsula, Davao
Region and SOCCSKSARGEN. In contrast, declining and least allocation for food
expenditures was noted in CAR at 34.5 percent (Table 4c).

16 5
Most of the reference fishery products reported higher daily per capita NFD
Table 5. Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) of selected agricultural commodities,
estimates in 2019 relative to the 2018 levels. The daily per capita NFD of
roundscad at 4.49 grams and oyster at 0.96 grams recorded the highest NFD
(in percent)
indices of 148.5 percent and 127.8 percent, respectively. For milkfish, tuna and
crabs, NFD indices ranged from 101.64 percent to 106.81 percent. Below the Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
2018 NFD levels were observed in tilapia and shrimps and prawns
(Table 2). Rice 88.9 95.0 93.4 86.2 79.8
Corn 91.3 90.0 94.3 88.4 94.6
Per Capita Supply of Calories, Protein and Fats
Coconut 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Sugarcane 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Information on the nutrient equivalents of the different food intake measured on
Coffee 33.0 31.9 44.3 29.0 32.4
per capita per day basis will show the food items that contributed the highest Cacao 97.5 104.9 99.8 106.6 129.3
content of calories, protein and fats.
Calamansi 100.0 100.0 100.1 100.1 100.1
Rice continued to be the major source of calories as it supplied 1,252.59 kcal per Papaya 101.1 101.0 101.4 102.2 103.5
person per day in 2019. About 182.37 kcal came from corn. Among the Pomelo 100.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
commercial crops, the highest daily calorie content was noted in coconut at Tomato 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
19.23 kcal per person. The calorie contents of sugarcane, coffee and cacao Garlic 13.0 11.0 10.1 8.7 7.9
ranged from 0.44 kcal to 2.65 kcal per person daily. In the case of fruits, banana Onion 84.5 47.6 84.6 61.5 90.5
contained the biggest amount of calories at 94.13 kcal per capita per day. Cabbage 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Pineapple and mango contributed 14.86 kcal and 12.53 kcal of daily per capita Eggplant 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
calories, respectively. For vegetables and rootcrops, greater quantities of calories Ampalaya 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
were contributed by sweet potato at 15.39 kcal and peanut at 11.09 kcal. For the
livestock and poultry products, pork, chicken (dressed) and chicken egg were the Peanut 28.4 27.5 25.1 24.7 25.0
main sources of calories with corresponding contents of 153.36 kcal, 80.40 kcal Mongo 52.2 52.2 49.2 49.0 50.0
and 19.05 kcal. Low supply of calories came from the fishery products. Tuna had Cassava 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
bigger daily calorie content at 14.65 kcal per person (Table 3a). Sweet potato 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.1
Potato 85.5 85.2 85.3 83.4 81.9
In 2019, the daily per capita protein supply of rice was 26.04 grams while that of
Beef 70.8 67.3 64.3 61.0 59.7
corn, at 4.24 grams. Other prime sources of protein were pork at 6.51 grams and
Carabeef 66.3 68.5 67.3 65.1 71.7
chicken (dressed) at 7.31 grams. Among the reference fishery products, tuna
Pork 89.8 89.4 87.5 86.1 87.1
contributed more protein supply at 3.09 grams (Table 3b).
Chevon 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
For the fats supply, about 1.76 grams were sourced from rice and 0.77 gram Chicken (dressed) 87.3 84.7 96.1 93.6 94.1
came from corn in 2019. Coconut and chicken egg supplied 1.00 gram and Duck (dressed) 99.1 99.2 99.4 99.3 99.5
1.29 grams of fat contents, respectively. About 14.13 grams of fats supply were Chicken egg 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
provided by pork while around 5.70 grams by chicken (dressed). Minimal Duck egg 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
quantities of less than 1.00 gram of fats were supplied by the other reference Milkfish 100.8 100.8 100.6 101.0 101.4
agricultural commodities (Table 3c). Roundscad 99.9 99.6 98.6 96.9 78.1
Tilapia 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.9 99.9
Tuna 81.6 83.9 83.6 81.4 76.5
Shrimps & Prawns 104.0 107.0 113.1 103.2 103.7
Crabs 121.0 127.8 140.0 128.7 116.7
Oyster 101.1 100.2 101.4 100.6 100.1
production
SSR = x 100%
production + import - export

4 17
In 2019, the estimated per capita NFD of rice increased to 351.85 grams per day. It
Table 6. Import dependency ratio (IDR) of selected agricultural commodities, registered an index of 107.2 percent which means that the quantity of rice available
Philippines, 2015-2019 for consumption was 7.2 percentage points higher than the base year’s level.
(in percent)
Meanwhile, the daily per capita NFD of corn dropped to 51.08 grams or
Commodity 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 32.6 percentage points lower than the 2018 record. Likewise, the per capita NFD per
day of coconut at 18.85 grams was 1.2 percentage points lower than the 2018 record.
Rice 11.1 5.0 6.6 13.8 20.2 Likewise, the daily NFD per capita of sugarcane at 5.29 grams, coffee at 0.94 gram
Corn 8.7 10.0 5.7 11.6 5.4 and cacao at 0.17 gram were lesser than the base year’s levels by 12.1 percentage
points to 17.4 percentage points.
Coconut - - a/ a/ -
Sugarcane - - a/ - - Among the reference fruits, mango and calamansi with respective daily NFD
Coffee 67.0 68.1 55.7 71.0 67.6 at 17.37 grams and 3.02 grams in 2019 registered indices above 100 percent. On the
Cacao 31.7 32.5 44.3 29.9 17.1 other hand, the daily per capita NFD estimates of banana at 83.77 grams, pineapple
Calamansi - - - - - at 27.02 grams, papaya at 3.85 grams and pomelo at 0.64 gram were below their
Papaya - - - - - respective base year’s records.
Pomelo - a/ - - - .
The 2019 daily per capita NFD levels of garlic at 2.15 grams, cabbage at 3.01 grams
Tomato a/ - - - - and ampalaya at 2.10 grams were higher than the 2018 NFD with respective
Garlic 87.1 89.1 90.0 91.4 92.2
percentage point increments at 4.8, 4.6, and 0.8 percent. Other vegetable
Onion 16.0 52.6 15.6 38.5 9.6
commodities such as tomato, onion, eggplant, peanut, mongo, cassava, sweet potato
Cabbage - a/ - - -
and potato exhibited daily per capita NFD below the 2018 levels, with declines ranging
Eggplant - - - - -
Ampalaya - - - - -
from 0.1 percentage point to 14.0 percentage points.
Peanut 71.6 72.5 75.0 75.3 75.0 Figure 2. Daily per capita net food disposable (NFD) index … (Concluded)
Mongo 47.8 47.9 50.8 51.0 50.5 148.5
127.8
Cassava - a/ - - -
107.7 104.8 106.8
102.9
Sweet potato a/ a/ a/ - a/ 100.7 96.7 97.8 96.1
101.6 98.6 99.5 101.8
87.0
Potato 14.5 14.8 14.7 16.6 18.1
Beef 29.2 32.7 35.7 39.0 40.3

Carabeef 33.7 31.5 32.7 34.9 28.3
Pork 10.2 10.6 12.5 13.9 12.9
Chevon - - - - -
Chicken (dressed) 13.0 15.5 4.0 6.4 6.0

Duck (dressed) 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.6
Chicken egg - - - - - Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
Duck egg - - - - -
Milkfish a/ a/ 0.1 - 0.1

The daily per capita NFD estimates of all the livestock products except beef were
Roundscad 0.2 0.4 1.5 3.1 21.9 lower than their base year’s records. Pork, with the highest per capita NFD at
Tilapia a/ a/ 0.1 a/ a/ 42.94 grams per day in 2019, was down by 3.3 percentage points. The largest drop in
Tuna 22.5 21.2 22.5 24.5 27.9 NFD was registered in carabeef at 13.0 percentage points, with daily per capita NFD
Shrimps & Prawns 4.6 5.7 8.4 10.1 8.2 of 2.63 grams in 2019. On the other hand, the daily per person NFD of beef moved up
Crabs a/ 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 by 0.7 percentage point and was estimated at 2.63 grams in 2019. Meanwhile, the
Oyster a/ a/ a/ a/ 0.1 daily per capita NFD levels of the reference poultry products in 2019, except duck
(dressed), surpassed the base year’s records. The NFD levels of chicken (dressed),
chicken egg, and duck egg were up by 2.9 percentage points, 7.7 percentage points
a/ - less than 0.01 percent
import and 4.8 percentage points, respectively.
IDR = x 100% .
production + import − export

18 3
Figure 1. Annual per capita production index … (Concluded)
127.2
107.7 104.8 108.8

103.4 102.2 100.0
98.6 98.2
97.6 96.9 97.6 97.8 96.3 92.1 Table 7a. Stocks of rice: Highest and lowest levels and percentage shares of
Item 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Highest
Month December May May November December
Quantity ('000 MT) 3,441.41 3,689.41 3,214.18 3,000.45 3,098.01

All the reference livestock products exhibited lower per capita production estimates in
2019 as compared with the base year’s levels. Production indices of beef, carabeef,
pork and chevon ranged from 96.9 percent to 97.8 percent. Among the poultry Percent share
products, only duck (dressed) production with 0.21 kilogram per person in 2019 Households 47.8 40.0 46.4 51.9 51.9
recorded lower than the base year’s level. Meanwhile, the per person production Commercial 28.4 28.3 45.2 44.6 32.6
levels went up to 13.83 kilograms for chicken (dressed), 5.44 kilograms for chicken NFA 23.8 31.7 8.4 3.5 15.5
egg and 0.46 kilogram for duck egg in 2019. Their respective production indices were
estimated at 103.4 percent, 107.7 percent and 104.8 percent. Lowest
Month September September September September September
For the fishery products, higher than the 2018 production levels were observed for
milkfish, roundscad, shrimps and prawns, and oyster. Oyster production at Quantity ('000 MT) 1,955.50 1,775.76 1,422.84 1,168.03 1,842.37
0.35 kilogram per person in 2019 posted the highest production index of
127.2 percent. This was followed by roundscad, milkfish, and shrimps and prawns Percent share
with production indices of 108.8 percent, 102.2 percent and 100.0 percent, Households 29.2 35.4 48.4 52.2 36.5
respectively. These corresponded to annual per capita production at 1.76 kilograms, Commercial 29.7 29.4 47.0 38.2 41.2
3.87 kilograms and 0.49 kilograms in 2019. In contrast, the per capita production NFA 41.0 35.2 4.6 9.5 22.2
estimates of tilapia, tuna and crabs decreased in 2019 and fell below the base year’s
records (Table 1). Sources of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority and National Food Authority
Daily Per Capita Net Food Disposable (NFD)

Net Food Disposable (NFD) refers to the volume of commodity available in its original
(unprocessed) form for human consumption. Data on NFD are sourced from the
Supply Utilization Accounts. It is the remaining balance after all the "use" parameters
are taken into account. The daily net food disposable of a commodity of each
member of the population measured through an index indicates the movement of
food available for consumption in a specified year relative to a base year.
Figure 2. Daily per capita net food disposable (NFD) index of selected agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2019
2018=100
(in percent)
107.2 109.3
102.2 104.8 104.6 100.8
98.8 95.6 97.9 99.7 98.6 96.8 98.5 99.9
95.4 95.2
87.9 86.4 89.2 86.0
82.6
75.2
67.4

2 19
Per Capita Production

Table 7b. Total stock of rice by month, Philippines, 2015-2019
(in '000 metric tons) Per capita production refers to the volume of production of a particular commodity
available for each member of the population. Annual per capita production index
provides information on the change in the per capita production of the commodity in a
Month 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 given year compared to a base year. It measures the capacity of the country’s
agriculture sector to produce food commodities in pace with the growth of the
population.
January 2,662.05 3,198.79 2,765.12 2,289.65 2,550.70
February 2,350.60 2,942.84 2,296.32 1,795.78 2,141.23 Figure 1. Annual per capita production index of selected agricultural commodities, Philippines, 2019
2018=100
March 2,265.51 2,674.17 2,176.20 1,697.37 2,221.42 (in percent)
126.8
April 2,542.68 3,359.01 2,675.55 2,182.67 2,629.03
109.3
104.8 102.2 104.6
101.2 98.8 98.1 99.2 99.7 100.6 100.8 98.1 98.6
96.8 97.9 97.5
May 3,167.25 3,689.41 3,214.18 2,909.46 2,947.42 97.3 96.5 94.6 95.2 97.4
82.6
June 3,019.42 3,235.29 2,572.94 2,360.98 2,598.34

July 2,568.19 2,733.64 2,347.90 1,990.82 2,625.25
August 2,244.38 2,103.16 2,028.00 1,520.76 2,133.84
September 1,955.50 1,775.76 1,422.84 1,168.03 1,842.37
October 2,196.18 2,286.57 1,935.87 1,589.89 2,279.73
November 3,107.30 3,302.33 2,958.73 3,000.45 2,962.46
In 2019, the annual per capita production of rice dropped to 114.69 kilograms and
December 3,441.41 3,338.98 2,849.37 2,718.48 3,098.01 posted production index of 97.3 percent. This means that the per capita production of
rice in 2019 was 2.7 percentage points lower than the 2018 record. In contrast, the per
capita production level of corn increased to 74.37 kilograms in 2019. This was
equivalent to a production index of 101.2 percent which indicates that the annual per
capita production of corn in 2019 surpassed the 2018 level by 1.2 percentage points.
Meanwhile, the annual per capita production of sugarcane at 193.12 kilograms, coconut
at 137.62 kilograms and coffee at 0.16 kilogram were below their base year’s records.
Cacao exceeded the base year’s per capita production record by 4.8 percentage points
in 2019.
Among the reference fruits, mango and calamansi with corresponding per capita
production of 6.88 kilograms and 1.17 kilograms in 2019 were higher than the base
year’s records. Lower than the base year’s level was noted for banana, pineapple,
papaya and pomelo.
In the case of vegetables and rootcrops, the 2019 per capita production levels of onion,
cabbage, eggplant and ampalaya were above the base year’s records. Among the
reference crops, the per capita production of onion at 2.07 kilograms in 2019 indicated
the highest production index at 126.8 percent. On the other hand, declines in the 2019
per capita production levels were reported for tomato, garlic, peanut, mongo, cassava,
sweet potato and potato as indicated by less than 100 percent index.

20 1
Table 8a. Stocks of corn: Highest and lowest levels and percentage shares of
Item 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Highest
Month October November May August November
Quantity ('000 MT) 420.74 604.79 1,556.54 1,221.91 1,198.50
Percent share
Households 43.4 30.1 6.6 5.7 18.6
Commercial 56.4 69.7 93.0 94.3 81.4
NFA * 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0
Lowest
Month January July January March March
Quantity ('000 MT) 183.96 215.92 382.13 278.33 397.12
Percent share
Households 46.2 22.0 45.8 26.0 28.3
Commercial 52.9 77.8 53.9 74.0 71.7
NFA * 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0
Sources of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority and National Food Authority
* Note: Generation of data for corn stocks of NFA warehouses has already stopped since May 2018. NFA will
no longer maintain buffer stock for corn. Hence, no data to be collected.

21
Table 8b. Total stock of corn by month, Philippines, 2015-2019

(in '000 metric tons)
Month 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
January 183.96 386.96 382.13 951.60 676.13

February 252.77 311.67 439.57 410.33 781.52
March 186.55 302.35 1,078.29 278.33 397.12
April 340.17 365.11 1,146.76 369.34 614.00
May 223.33 517.24 1,556.54 338.31 829.11
June 207.21 327.46 978.86 592.01 859.77
July 275.40 215.92 683.62 480.86 822.70
August 313.33 336.48 696.46 1,221.91 724.08
September 329.00 380.57 1,422.21 531.07 768.66
October 420.74 543.85 1,368.86 566.83 1,095.92
November 298.16 604.79 603.29 639.52 1,198.50
December 265.20 369.98 536.56 629.91 794.87

22
MODULES OF THE AGRICULTURAL INDICATORS

SYSTEM
1. Government Support in Agriculture Sector
2. Economic Growth: Agriculture
3. Output and Productivity
4. Agricultural Resources
5. Agricultural Exports and Imports
6. Food Availability and Sufficiency
7. Employment and Wages in the Agriculture Sector
8. Prices and Marketing of Agricultural Commodities

17
AGRICULTURAL INDICATORS SYSTEM


Undersecretary
SECTORAL STATISTICS OFFICE
MACROECONOMIC ACCOUNTS SERVICE
VIVIAN R. ILARINA
Assistant National Statistician
AGRICULTURAL ACCOUNTS DIVISION
TERMS OF USE Maria Carol G. Duran

Chief Statistical Specialist
Agricultural Indicators System (AIS) is a publication of the Philippine Manuela S. Nalugon

Statistics Authority (PSA). The PSA reserves exclusive right to reproduce Supervising Statistical Specialist
this publication in whatever form. Should any portion of this publication be
included in a report/article, the title of the publication and the PSA should
be cited as the source of the data. The PSA will not be responsible for any Maria Clarinda E. De Guzman
information derived from the processing of data contained in this Senior Statistical Specialist
publication.
Mylene M. Evangelista
ISSN-2012-0435
OCTOBER 2020
Donita Rose S. Baluso


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FOOD AVAILABILITY AND SUFFICIENCY

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

AGRICULTURAL INDICATORS SYSTEM

DENNIS S. MAPA, Ph.D.

SECTORAL STATISTICS OFFICE

MACROECONOMIC ACCOUNTS SERVICE

AGRICULTURAL ACCOUNTS DIVISION

TERMS OF USE Maria Carol G. Duran

Agricultural Indicators System (AIS) is a publication of the Philippine Manuela S. Nalugon

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

The Agricultural Indicators System (AIS) is one of the statistical

This is the sixth module entitled Food Availability and Sufficiency.

The AIS aims to cover more agricultural development indicators

DENNIS S. MAPA, Ph.D.

Quezon City, Philippines

This page is intentionally left blank.

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND SUFFICIENCY

Table 1. Annual per capita production index of selected

Table 2. Daily per capita net food disposable index of selected

Table 3a. Daily per capita calories supply of selected

Table 3b. Daily per capita protein supply of selected

Table 3c. Daily per capita fat supply of selected

Table 4a. Total annual family expenditure and percentage shares

Table 5. Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) of selected

Table 6. Import dependency ratio (IDR) of selected

Table 7a. Stocks of rice: Highest and lowest levels and

Table 7b. Total stock of rice by month, Philippines, 2015-2019 20

Table 8a. Stocks of corn: Highest and lowest levels and

Table 8b. Total stock of corn by month, Philippines, 2015-2019 22

Table 8b. Total stock of corn by month, Philippines, 2015-2019

Month 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

January 183.96 386.96 382.13 951.60 676.13

Source of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

Per Capita Production

June 3,019.42 3,235.29 2,572.94 2,360.98 2,598.34

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

107.7 104.8 108.8

Item 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Quantity ('000 MT) 3,441.41 3,689.41 3,214.18 3,000.45 3,098.01

Daily Per Capita Net Food Disposable (NFD)

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

Beef 29.2 32.7 35.7 39.0 40.3

Chicken (dressed) 13.0 15.5 4.0 6.4 6.0

Milkfish a/ a/ 0.1 - 0.1

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

Northern Mindanao 43.8 40.6 43.9

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

brought about by the reduced share of Cacao 129.3

reference commodities in 2019. While Potato 81.9

coffee recorded an increasing SSR to Beef 59.7

32.4 percent, still, domestic production Carabeef 71.7

remained insufficient in 2019. Pork 87.1

Adequacies in production continued for Chicken (dressed) 94.1

fruits such as calamansi, papaya and Duck (dressed) 99.5

pomelo. For vegetables and rootcrops, Chicken egg 100.0