Name : Khayam Ali Khan

Reg. no. : FA20-EEE-021

Submitted to: Dr. Sohail

Subject : EMT

Class : EEE-4A

Date : 7th-July-2022
 STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS
Static electric fields are constant fields, which do not change in intensity or direction over time, in
contrast to low and high frequency alternating fields. Hence, static electric fields have a frequency
of 0 Hz. They exert a force on charges or charged particles.

Effects of static electric fields on the body and health implications:

Static electric fields do not penetrate the human body because of its high conductivity. The electric
field induces a surface electric charge, which, if sufficiently large, may be perceived through its
interaction with body hair and through other phenomena such as spark discharges (microshocks).
The perception threshold in people depends on various factors and can range between 10 - 45
kV/ m. Furthermore, very high electric fields, such as from HVDC lines, can charge particles in
the air, including polluted particles. There was a hypothesis that charged particles might be better
absorbed by the lung than uncharged ones and so, raise people’s exposure to air pollution.
Current knowledge, however, suggests that an increased health risk from such charging of
particles is very unlikely.

VARYING ELECTRIC FIELD

These static field are not dependent on each other. However the time varying
electric and magnetic field are dependent on each other .In other world .a time
varying electric field id produced by a time varying magnetic field is produced by a
time varying electric field.
 Effects of varying electric fields

Maxwell’s prediction that a changing electric field generates a magnetic field was a masterstroke
of pure theory. The Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic field unified all that was hitherto
known about electricity and magnetism and predicted the existence of an electromagnetic
phenomenon that can travel as waves with the velocity of 1/Square root of√ε0μ0 in a vacuum. That
velocity, which is based on constants obtained from purely electric measurements, corresponds
to the speed of light. Consequently, Maxwell concluded that light itself was an electromagnetic
phenomenon. Later, Einstein’s special relativity theory postulated that the value of the speed of
light is independent of the motion of the source of the light. Since then, the speed of light has been
measured with increasing accuracy. In 1983 it was defined to be exactly 299,792,458 metres per
second. Together with the cesium clock, which has been used to define the second, the speed of
light serves as the new standard for length.

Steady Magnetic Field

Steady magnetic fields are produced by steady currents. The main objective of this chapter is to
provide detailed concepts of magnetostatics. They include: applications of magnetostatic fields.
Faraday's induction law, Biot-Savart law, Ampere's circuit law, Ampere's force laws for current
elements.

Magnetic field of steady currents

Magnetic fields produced by electric currents can be calculated for any shape of circuit using
the law of Biot and Savart, named for the early 19th-century French physicists Jean-Baptiste
Biot and Félix Savart. A few magnetic field lines produced by a current in a loop are shown
in Figure 1. These lines of B form loops around the current. The Biot–Savart law expresses the
partial contribution dB from a small segment of conductor to the total B field of a current in the
conductor. For a segment of length and orientation dl that carries a current i,
 Varying Magnetic Field
Time varying magnetic field produces electric field. According to Faradays law , when
magnetic flux changes in the region surrounded by conductor, it produce electric field
(induced emf) in conductor.

Electrostatic fields are usually produced by static electric charges whereas magnetostatic fields
are due to motion of electric charges with uniform velocity (direct current) or static magnetic
charges (magnetic poles); time-varying fields or waves are usually due to accelerated charges or
time-varying current.

Source:

 https://www.britannica.com/science/electromagnetism/Effects-of-varying-
electric-fields
 https://www.icnirp.org/en/frequencies/static-electric-fields-0-
hz/index.html#:~:text=Static%20electric%20fields%20are%20constant,on%
20charges%20or%20charged%20particles