A. Choose the correct option.

1. Which of the following leaves is used for the rearing of silkworms?

a. Mango
b. Pine
c. Mulberry
d. Apple

2. The process of separation of fleece on the basis of length, strength and colour is known as
a. scouring
b. carding
c. sorting
d. grading

3. Identify the given organism and find out where it is found.

a. India
b. China
c. Jammu and Kashmir
d. America

4. _____________ is a bacterial disease in sheep and cattle that infects human skin and lungs.
a. Pneumonia
b. Asthma
c. Sorter’s disease
d. Both a and c

5. Which of the following animals provides mohair wool?

a. Cashmere goat
b. Alpaca
c. Angora goat
d. Musk ox

6. The processing of wool involves various steps. The sequence of steps is given below. Choose
the correct sequence.
a. Carding - Shearing - Spinning - Grading - Scouring
b. Shearing - Scouring - Grading - Carding - Spinning
c. Scouring - Grading - Carding - Shearing - Spinning
d. Shearing - Scouring - Carding - Grading – Spinning

7. Which of the following cannot give woollen fibre?

a. Camel
b. Moth
c. Llama
d. Alpaca

8. In which of the following state/s is Nali sheep found in India?

a. Rajasthan
b. Punjab
c. Haryana
d. All of these

9. A tool is used to convert wool fleece into narrow, twisted fibres known as slivers. This tool is
used in the process of ____________________ wool.
a. sorting
b. shearing
c. scouring
d. carding

10. Given below are different stages in the life cycle of a silkworm. Which of the following is
missing

B. State whether the given statements are true or false. If false, correct
them.
1. Wool, jute and silk are plant fibres. – False
Wool and silk are animal fibres, Jute is plant fibre

2. Workers in the silk industry do not suffer from skin diseases. – False
Occupational hazards of silk industry: Burning of skin, blisters, open injuries, asthma and
respiratory disease

3. Bombyx mori is known as Eri silkworm. – False

Bombyx mori known as mulberry silkworm?

4. Anthrax is a viral disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. – True

5. Cocoons are boiled in milk to get silk. – False

Cocoons are collected and dipped in hot water to kill the developing worms inside them

C. Answer in one word.

a. Coarse outer hair of the sheep – Kemp
b. Silk called ahimsa silk - Eri silk
c. Process of removal of dust, dirt and grease by washing the wool with soap, detergents or
chemicals in hot water : Scouring
d. An example of wool-yielding animal: Angora goat
e. A silky case spun by the larvae of many insects for protection as pupae: Cocoon

D. Answer the following questions.

1. Name any two animal fibres.
Ans:
Wool fibre obtained from fleece of Sheep, Goat, Yak etc.
Silk fibre obtained from Silkworm

2. State the importance of selective breeding.

Ans:
Certain breeds of sheep have a thick coat of hair on their bodies which yields good quality wool
in large quantities. Thus, sheep are “selectively bred” with one parent being a sheep of good
breed. Once the reared sheep have developed a thick growth of hair, the hair is shaved off for
getting wool.

3. What is the main difference between the wool obtained from an Angora goat and an
Angora rabbit?

Ans:
Angora Goat (Mohair Wool) Angora rabbit (Angora Wool)
Warmest and light weight fibre Soft and fluffy fibre

4. What is the use of sericulture?

Ans:
Apart from silk, there are several other bye-products from sericulture. The mulberry fruits are
rich in minerals and vitamins and from the roots, barks and mulberry leaves several ayurvedic
and herbal medicines are prepared. Some of the woody mulberry trees provide timber which
are resistant to termites and the timber is used for making sports items, toys etc.

5. Why are long fibres used to make sweaters?

6. How do carding and combing differ from each other?

Ans:
The process that straighten out or disentangles, removes impurities and intermixes the fibres to
form thin sheets is called carding. This is done by passing the fibres through rollers, hand
carders or machine carders. Carding wool (thin sheet) is then twisted into a rope known as
sliver.

Combing is the process of straightening, parallelising and the removal of short fibres and
impurities using a comb assisted by brushes and rollers. Thus, it is the process of making carded
wool ready for spinning.

7. State any four main properties of wool.

Ans:
• Wool is a hard, rough and durable fibre.
• It is an elastic and anti-wrinkle fibre. It means that it returns to its natural shape after being
bent.
• The highly porous nature of the wool traps the air.
• Woollen fibres do not dry up quickly as they hold a large quantity of water. Therefore, it is a
good absorbent.
• It does not burn easily.
• Dirt, dust and stains do not penetrate on the fibre due to the presence of an outer layer of
scales

8. Sheep are sheared in late spring and early summer. Support your answer with valid
reasons.
Ans:
Shearing is a process in which the woolen fleece of sheep are cut off as the whole woolen layer is
taken off, it becomes very difficult for the sheep to survive in the cold weather without the
woolen coating. So as to reduce the chance of death of sheep due to shivering cold, the sheep
shearing is done in the early summer or spring season.

3. Complete the crossword with the help

of clues provided
Across
(A)
1. Thick covering of wool on sheep
5. Larva of silkworm
Down
(D)
2. A silky case spun by the larvae of
silkworm
3. Raising silkworms
4. Removal of tangles and impurities
6. Thorough washing of wool
Challenge
1. Why are Kashmiri pashmina shawls so expensive?
Ans:
Link: https://rb.gy/lhusyn
The making of pashmina includes many processes and all done by Hand. It starts with the
shaving of the goat capra hircus, an antelope found on the high altitude of Himalaya, where
temperature touches minus 40° Celsius in winters (Inside temperature of fridge is only -18° ).
Removing the dirt, washing the wool, combing the wool, selection process, spinning process and
continues to yarning, weaving, clipping and so on.. Now when your plain pashmina shawl is
ready you need to continue your process for Embroidery which includes, dying, designing,
printing, Embroidery and ends up on washing. The Making of Pashmina includes around 36
Process and these processes make it what you call THE PASHMINA

2. Sarika purchased a silk saree. How would you know whether a silk saree purchased by Sarika
is made from pure silk?
Ans:
Silk has some unique qualities that make it so different from other clothes. Silk can be identified
by touching as rubbing silk can make you feel warm, unlike other synthetic replacements. You
can pass a silk saree through a ring if it is of high quality. Silk has its own unique lustre, unlike
other artificial ones. Nowadays pure silk comes with silk mark as a proof of its authenticity.

Practice Questions
1. Garima buys a woollen sweater. She takes out a small strand of yarn and burns it. It smells
like a burning plastic. What does it indicate about the wool?
a. It is pure wool.
b. It is synthetic wool.
c. It is not wool, but silk.
d. It is pure cotton.
2. Which type of wool is called the king of fine wools and which animal produces this kind of
wool?
a. Angora, Angora rabbit
b. Mohair, Angora goat
c. Cashmere, Cashmere goat
d. Shahtoosh, Chiru

3. Which of the following is TRUE for the

sheep given?

a. It is found in Himachal Pradesh.

b. Wool is brown in colour.
c. Wool is used to make blankets.
d. All of these.

4. Observe the following pictures. These show different steps in the production of silk. A number
from (I) to (IV) is written below each picture. Select the correct order of the pictures.

a. V, III, I, II, IV
b. II, III, I, IV, V
c. I, III, IV, V, II
d. I, III, IV, II, V

5. Read the following statements.

Choose the option which fills the above blanks correctly.
Silkworm producing Eri silk feeds on __________ leaves.
The process of obtaining silk fibre from the cocoon is called _________
a. Oak, shearing
b. Castor, reeling
c. Som, reeling
d. Mulberry, reeling
6. A goat found in mountains of Tibet and China grows fine fur-like hair on its body during
severe winter months. Which type of wool is obtained from this goat?
a. Mohair
b. Merino
c. Cashmere
d. Angora

7. Sorter’s disease is one of the fatal blood diseases in the wool industry. Name its causative
agent.
a. Varicella zoster
b. Mycobacterium leprae
c. Bacillus anthracis
d. Plasmodium falciparum

8. Which of the following is incorrect?

a. Spinning is the process of making yarn from fibres.
b. Silk yarn is obtained in the pupa stage of the silk moth.
c. Caterpillar spins a cocoon
d. Muga silk moth feeds on the aromatic leaves of Som plant.

9. Silk fibre when burnt smells like burning hair. What can be a possible reason?
a. Presence of fats
b. Presence of protein
c. Presence of carbohydrates
d. Presence of vitamins

10. Read the given statements.

• It absorbs moisture (hygroscopic fibre).
• Takes dyes deeply. Obtain from Sheep.
• Fibre is durable and flexible.
They belong to _____________.
a. Cotton
b. Nylon
c. Wool
d. Silk

11. Patanwadi breed of sheep is found in Australia and India. Which of the following quality of
wool does it produce?
a. Superior carpet wool
b. Coarser fleece for hosiery
c. Fine and soft fleece
d. Both a and b
 12. Observe the given picture. Which type of
wool is obtained from this?

a. Cashmere
b. Angora
c. Pashmina
d. Shahtoosh

13. Refer the given pictures of steps involved in the processing of fibre ‘P’. Identify and name P.

a. Cotton
b. Nylon
c. Silk
d. Wool

14. Read the following stages involved in the life cycle of a silk moth. Arrange them in a proper
sequence of their occurrence.
1. Caterpillar called silkworm comes out of eggs.
2. Larva weaves a net and secretes a fibre made of protein, which hardens on exposure to air.
3. Pupa comes out of cocoon as a moth after metamorphosis.
4. Larva feeds on leaves and grows.
5. Larva covers itself completely within the tightly woven fibre, called cocoon.
6. Silk moth lays eggs.
a. 4, 6,1, 5, 3, 2
b. 6, 1, 4, 2, 5, 3
c. 6, 4, 1, 5, 3, 2
d. 4, 6, 2, 1, 5, 3

15. Which of the following organ affected by Anthrax?

a. Kidney
b. Skin
c. Lung
d. Both b and c