Journal Nursing , Volume XIII, No.

2, October 2017 ISSN 1907 - 0357

STUDY

EFFECT OF oxytocin massage on breast milk production in

postpartum mothers

Yusari love *
* Lecturer Major Midwifery Health Polytechnic Tanjungkarang
e-mail: yusariasih@gmail.com

breast milk is not go out is condition no milk production or at least milk production . This thing caused
influence hormone less oxytocin _ work because lack of stimulation puff activated baby _ work hormone
oxytocin . Massage oxytocin is one _ solution for resolve non-fluency milk production . Destination study this
for identify difference mother 's milk production given breath _ treatment massage oxytocin and without
treatment at BPM Lia Maria District Sukarame Bandar Lampung 2017. Method research used _ in study this
is experimental with design posttest design with group control . Population in research this is mother 3
hours postpartum at BPM Lia Maria totaled 80 people . Sample in study this taken through method
purposive sampling . Sample totaling 32 people consisting of of 16 people as respondents who were in the
intervention and 16 people as variable control . Instrument research used _ in the form of sheet observation
for observe milk production on the day to 6 and the scales . Statistical test results using chi-square (x 2 )
obtained p -value = 0.037 (p- value 0.05) which means there is influence significant Among massage
oxytocin to mother 's milk production post partum at BPM Lia Maria Sukarame Bandar Lampung in 2017.
Expected results study this could increase quality service for power health especially midwife as executor so
that could increase knowledge mother will massage oxytocin and can motivate mother and family for To do
massage oxytocin and provide guidance as well as counseling to mother postpartum about benefit massage
oxytocin .
Keywords : Massage _ oxytocin , milk In Riskesdas 2013 which is one of the indicators
production that can be used for appropriate PHBS with
PHBS criteria set by the Health Promotion
BACKGROUND Center in 2011, namely exclusive breastfeeding .
_ Start process breast-feed the most occurs 1-6
hours after births (35.2%) and less from 1 hour
In Indonesia almost 9 out of 10 mothers once ( initiation breast-feed early ) of 34.5%. While
breastfeed , but IDAI research ( Yohmi et al , the process starts breast-feed Lowest occurs 7-
2015) found only 49.8% gave breast milk 23 hours after birth that is by 3.7%
exclusively exclusive for 6 months in accordance
WHO recommendations . Low scope exclusive ( Ministry of Health RI, 2015)
breastfeeding _ this could impact on quality life Connection Among development baby and
generation successor nation and also on the breastfeeding has _ many researched . The meta
economy national . (IDAI, 2016) - analysis by Anderson et al. (1999) concluded
that breastfed babies have _ _ level

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Journal Nursing , Volume XIII, No. 2, October 2017
development more cognitive _ tall compared
formula - fed babies . one _ explanation from
results study the is 60% of brain baby arranged
from fats, especially DHA and fatty acids
arachidonic acid (AA), and breast milk contains
non- fatty acids fed up chain long (LCPUFAs)
such as DHA and AA which are substance ideal
nutrition for growth brain baby who hasn't ripe (
Fikawati et al , 2015)
Deficiency nutrition that occurs at the beginning
life could result in happening growth faltering
( failed grow ) so that baby will grow Becomes
more children _ short than normal. Besides that
, lack nutrition can also take effect to
development cognitive , morbidity and mortality
baby . Good nutrition _ will speed up recovery
and reduce the intensity ( emergency ) of the
disease infection in infants . Incident infection in
babies no could be ignored , remember infection
is reason main Dead baby in country
growing ( Fikawati et al , 2015)
Case Dead baby in Bandar Lampung city for
2009-2014 fluctuated . _ Dead baby the in 2009
to 127 cases , in period 2 years time next , IMR
in Bandar Lampung City in two year final
increase . In 2010 there were 195 IMR cases
recorded . 2011 is declining to 167 cases , but in
2012 _ _ increase return to 204 cases , in 2013
decreased by 168 cases and in 2014 increased to
169 cases . From 169 cases Dead baby , when
seen based on group age so neonatal mortality
(0-28 days ) accounts for number highest from
Dead existing babies , neonatal mortality year _
this 135 cases and deaths _ baby 34 cases . A
number of study obtained that one _
contributing factors _ influence Dead baby is still
low exclusive breastfeeding ( ASI ) . ( Lampung
Health Profile 2014, p . 82)
Case Dead baby in 2014 as many as 168 cases
spread over 30 health centers , with case highest
be at the health center Camping 14 cases and
not have case there are Puskesmas Permata
ISSN 1907 - 0357
Sukarame , Korpri , and Way Laga . Dead baby
this cover neonatal deaths 135 cases and deaths
baby 34 cases . Quantity data birth living in 2014
as many as 20,427 babies . Looking at national
targets as much as 23 per 1000 KH, then Dead
babies recorded in Bandar Lampung 169 per
20,427 KH (0.0082) still far below _ number
national (0.023). Although thereby still required
enhancement service health mother and baby
To use more push number Dead baby through
various activity good promotive , preventive nor
curative , and improve role as well as Public as
well as cross sector of course .
breast milk is not go out is condition no milk
production or at least milk production . This
thing caused influence hormone less oxytocin _
work because lack of stimulation puff activated
baby _ work hormone oxytocin .( Fikawati et al ,
2015: 83) Hormones oxytocin work stimulate
smooth muscle for squeezing the milk in the
alveoli , lobes as well as ducts containing the
milk that is secreted through the nipple.
( Walyani and Purwoastuti , 2015)
According to Fikawati , et al (2015) mention that
one _ necessary action _ conducted for
maximizing the quality and quantity of breast
milk, namely massage back . Massage back this
useful for stimulate expenditure hormone
oxytocin Becomes more optimal and the
production of breast milk becomes smoothly .
According to Lowdermik , Perry & Bobak (2000),
massage oxytocin is one _ solution for resolve
non-fluency milk production . Massage Oxytocin
is massage along _ bone back ( vertebrae ) to
bone fifth -sixth rib and is the effort for
stimulate hormone prolactin and oxytocin after
give birth .
From the results of a pre survey conducted by
researchers at BPM Lia Maria Kec . Sukarame
Bandar Lampung yet To do massage oxytocin at
_ give care midwifery to mother post partum
good for stimulate release of breast milk and for
uterine involution and Lia Maria BPM who is a
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Journal Nursing , Volume XIII, No. 2, October 2017 ISSN 1907 - 0357

BPM in the working area Permata Sukarame Usia f %

Health Center which does not there is amount <20 1 3,1
case Dead baby . 20-30 21 65,6
>30 10 31,2
Jumlah 32 100

METHOD Based on table 1 can is known of 32

respondents part big have 20-30 years old
namely 21 respondents (65.6%).
Study this conducted aim for knowing influence
massage oxytocin to mother 's milk production
postpartum at BPM Lia Maria. Method research
used _ in study this is experimental with design Table 2: Distribution Frequency Respondent
posttest design with group control . Based on Education
Population in research this is mother 3 hours
postpartum at BPM Lia Maria totaled 80
people . Sample in study this taken through Pendidikan f %
method purposive sampling . Sample totaling SD 2 6,2
32 people consisting of of 16 people as SMP 11 34,4
respondents who were in the intervention and SMA 14 43,8
PT 5 15,6
16 people as variable control .
Jumlah 32 100
Research data collected with To do massage
oxytocin after 3 hours postpartum and for 5
days each morning and evening next Based on table 2 can is known of 32
conducted observation on day 6. Collected respondents part big have SMA education is 14
data next processed and analyzed by univariate respondents (43.8%).
and bivariate using the chi-square test with
help device soft computer .
Table 3: Distribution Frequency Respondent
Based on Work

RESULTS
Pekerjaan f %
Bekerja 2 6,2
Analysis Univariate Tidak bekerja 30 93,8
Amount 32 100
Table 1: Distribution Frequency Respondent
Based on Age Based on table 3 is known of 32 respondents
part big respondent no work namely 30
respondents (93.8%).

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Journal Nursing , Volume XIII, No. 2, October 2017 ISSN 1907 - 0357

Table 4: Distribution Frequency Respondent significant Among massage oxytocin to mother

's milk production post partum at BPM Lia
Based on parity Maria Sukarame city
Lampung in 2017. From the results analysis also
obtained the value of OR = 11,667
parity f % (1,227110,953), which means mother post
Primigravida 9 28.1 partum that carries out massage oxytocin have
Multigravida 23 71.9 11,667 chances of experiencing sufficient milk
production compared with mother who doesn't
Amount 32 100
To do massage oxytocin .

Based on table 4 is known of 32 respondents

part big multigravida respondents were
23 respondents (71.9%). DISCUSSION

Analysis Bivariate Production in Postpartum Mothers Who

Table 5: Distribution Influence
Oxytocin to Breast Milk Production in
Post Partum Mothers
Do Massage Oxytocin
Based on results study is known that of the 16
Massage
respondents who did massage oxytocin there
are 15 people have sufficient breast milk
production and 1 respondent who has less milk
production .

This thing in line with existing theory _ that

Breast milk production p
massage stimulation oxytocin for mother
Massage Enough Less value OR breast-feed working for stimulate hormone
Oxytocin
oxytocin in order to facilitate breast milk and
f %f%
increase convenience mother .
11.667
Massage 15 93.75 1 6.25
Massage oxytocin is one _ solution for resolve
Not Massage 9 56.2 7 43.8
0.037 (1,227- non-fluency milk production . Massage
110,953) oxytocin is massage along _ bone back
(vertebrae) to fifth - sixth rib and is the effort
Total 24 75 8 25 for stimulate hormone prolactin and oxytocin
after give birth . ( Rahayu , 2016) Massage this
conducted for stimulate reflex oxytocin or
Based on analysis influence massage oxytocin to
reflex milk production. Mother who receives
Breast milk production is known that of the 16
massage oxytocin will feel more relax .
respondents who did massage oxytocin
there is 15 people experienced sufficient (Monika, FB Monika, 2014).
milk production , while of the 16 respondents The results of research conducted by Emy
who did not To do massage oxytocin there are 9 Syriac and Kh Endah Widhi Astuti at district
people experiencing sufficient milk production .
BPM Klaten Bivariate analysis results obtained
Statistical test results using chi-square (x 2 )
showing existence average difference _ baby
obtained p -value = 0.037 (p- value 0.05)
which means there is influence weight _ with p value : 0.001 , yes difference
significant BAK frequency with p value = 0.001

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Journal Nursing , Volume XIII, No. 2, October 2017
and there is difference frequency meaningful
breastfeeding _ with p value = 0.001 and there
is significant difference in sleep duration with p
value = 0.001. Could concluded that there is
influence massage oxytocin to milk production
with indication baby weight , frequency _ baby
breastfeeding , frequency baby bladder and old
baby sleep after breastfeeding .
According to analysis researcher adequacy
mother 's milk production postpartum at BPM
Lia Maria District Sukarame city
Lampung is good . Massage oxytocin
administered to the mother postpartum could
make relaxed and comfortable , so that could
reduce fatigue _ after give birth to especially
massage done _ after 3 hours postpartum.
Postpartum mother done _ massage oxytocin
say that During did massage oxytocin mother
feel comfortable and relax so that During
massage mother feel existence dripping milk
flow out .
Massage oxytocin is also easy conducted with
movement that doesn't too many so that could
remembered by family for done and not need
long time . Support from husband and family
also play a role important in breastfeeding . one
_ form Support the could seen from husband
and family agree for To do massage oxytocin so
that mother could motivated for breast-feed the
baby as well as existence member ready family _
help To do profession ordinary house _
conducted mother .
Milk Production in Postpartum Mothers
To do Massage Oxytocin
Based on results study is known that of the 16
respondents who did not To do massage
oxytocin there are 9 people have sufficient milk
production and 7 people have less milk
production .
A number of identified factors _ could influence
lactation in between is Factor Biological
ISSN 1907 - 0357
( Nutrition , condition breast , system
endocrine , parity , age pregnancy , habits ,
rest ), factors psychological factor _ social
( socio-emotional , socio-economic , level
education , factor other ( care breast massage _
oxytocin , technique marble )
The results of research conducted by Siti Nur
Endah and Imas Masdinarsah in the Midwifery
Room House Sick Muhammadiyah Bandung The
year 2011 is , time expenditure colostrum group
the average treatment is 5.8 hours, while the
length of time group control is an average of
5.89 hours . Amount colostrum released _ group
the average treatment is 5,333 cc while group
control is an average of 0.0289 cc. Massage
oxytocin take effect to amount production
colostrum with a P-value of 0.009 , and massage
oxytocin no take effect against the length of
time expenditure colostrum mother post
partum with a P-value of 0.939.
According to analysis researcher adequacy good
milk production because in general inadequate
milk production To do massage oxytocin enough
because part big parity respondent is multipara
so that pregnancy or 2nd delivery has trend
more good than the first in Thing lactogenesis
and galactopoiesis as well as have experience in
breastfeeding . Besides that , mother the breath
that becomes respondent no have taboos in
food so that pattern nutrition good protein from
fish, nuts that can increase milk production can
fulfilled . Majority profession mother is mother
house ladder so that moment afternoon day
mother have time for rest . where is mom
breastfeeding is necessary adequate and
effective sleep so that metabolism in her body
walk smoothly .
Influence Massage Oxytocin to breast
milk production in postpartum mothers
Based on analysis influence massage oxytocin to
adequacy mother 's milk production postpartum
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Journal Nursing , Volume XIII, No. 2, October 2017
is known that of the 16 respondents who did
massage oxytocin there are 15 people who have
sufficient milk production , while of 15
respondents who did not To do massage
oxytocin there are 9 people have sufficient milk
production .
Statistical test results use Chi Square ( x 2 )
obtained p-value = 0.037 (p-value 0.05 ) which
means that there is influence significant Among
massage oxytocin to breast milk production at
BPM Lia Maria Sukarame Bandar Lampung in
2017.
From result analysis also obtained the value of
OR = OR = 11,667 (1,227-110,953) which means
mother post partum who did massage oxytocin
have 11,667 times chance of having opportunity
Sufficient milk production compared with
mother who doesn't To do massage oxytocin .
Breast milk production is strongly influenced by
conditions psychological mother breastfeeding .
Moment mother breast-feed feel comfortable
and relax expenditure oxytocin could in progress
with good . There is the points that can facilitate
breastfeeding, among others , three point on
breast that is dot above _ nipple , point right on
the nipple and point under nipples , as well
point on the back that is in line with breasts .
Massage stimulation oxytocin for mother breast-
feed working for stimulate hormone oxytocin in
order to facilitate breast milk and increase
convenience mother . Massage in section back
mom made _ mother relax too _ stimulate
expenditure oxytocin .
Hormone oxytocin stimulate contraction layer
myometrium uterus in labour . _ Hormone it also
generates production of milk through
procurement contraction cells myoepithelium in
glands breast as response to nipple sucking done
si baby , who then happen reflex neurogenic (
flow electricity nerves ) that are delivered to
hypothalamus through strings nerves in the
spinal cord ( area bone back ) (Hendrik H., 2006)
ISSN 1907 - 0357
According to Hockenberry (2002) wrote that
massage oxytocin more effective given as much
twice in _ a day that is morning and evening.
This is also supported by Biancuzzo (2003) that
massage oxytocin conducted twice in _ a day
could affect postpartum mother's milk
production .
Massage oxytocin is something action massage
bone behind start from nerves to 5 - 6 until the
scapula will speed up work nerve
parasympathetic for convey order to brain part
behind so that oxytocin out ( Suherni , 2008
Suradi , 2006; Hamranani 2010) ( Dalam Faculty
Knowledge Padjadjaran University Nursing , Leli
Khairani et al , 2012)
Results of research conducted Lily Khairani ,
Maria Komariah , and Wiwi Mardia about
influence massage oxytocin to involution uterus
on mother post partum in the room post partum
class III RSHS Bandung that is identified
influence oxytocin to uterine involution in
mother post partum at the Post Partum Room
Class III RSHS Bandung, through statistical tests
Chi-square with p value < 0.05.
Based on theory and results research
above _ according to researcher existence
influence massage oxytocin to production
Breastfeeding at BPM Lia Maria District
Sukarame Bandar Lampung in 2017 because
with To do massage oxytocin could stimulate
hormone oxytocin that works in milk
production. View from side work , part big
respondent no work , should allow for doing
massage oxytocin good by husband in the
morning and evening or done by the family .
CONCLUSION
Based on results data analysis and discussion
study could concluded there is influence
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Journal Nursing , Volume XIII, No. 2, October 2017 ISSN 1907 - 0357

massage oxytocin to mother 's milk production
postpartum at BPM Lia Maria District Sukarame
2017 is _ 93.8% mother breath that does
massage oxytocin part big have sufficient milk
production , 56.2% mothers non - breathing To
do massage oxytocin there are 9 people who
have sufficient milk production .
Analysis result statistics more carry on conclude
that there is significant influence _ Among
massage oxytocin to mother 's milk production
postpartum with p value 0.037.
Based on conclusion the writer recommend to
BPM Lia Maria for To do massage oxytocin after
3 hours postpartum and teach mother
postpartum method To do massage oxytocin ,
do counseling about massage oxytocin in class
mom and can motivate mother and family for To
do massage oxytocin during the puerperium ,
and provide leaflets or brochure about massage
oxytocin so that could increase knowledge
mother postpartum will massage oxytocin .
Ministry of Health . 2014. Indonesia Health
Profile 2014. Bandar Lampung : Bandar
Lampung City Health Office
Khairani , Maria et al . 2012. Influence Massage
Oxytocin To Involution Uterus to Post
Partum Mother in Post Partum Room
Class III RSHS Bandung. Faculty Knowledge
Nursing
Padjadjaran University
Rahayu , Anik Praise . 2016.
Practical Guide Nursing Maternity .
Yogyakarta:DeepublishRamadhy , Suryani , Emy
& Kh Endah Widhi Astuti .
2013. Influence Massage Oxytocin To
Production Mother's Milk
Postpartum at District BPM Klaten .
Major
Midwifery Surakarta Health Polytechnic .
Walyani , Elisabeth Siwi and Endang
Purwoastuti . 2015. Upbringing
Postpartum and Breastfeeding Obstetrics .
_ Yogyakarta: PT. New Library .

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Endah , Siti Nur and Imas Masdinarsah . 2011.

Influence Massage Oxytocin to
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Muhammadiyah Hospital Bandung Year
2011. Stickers General A. Yani Cimahi

Monika's FB. 2014. Books Smart Breastfeeding

and Breastfeeding . Jakarta: Noura Books

Fikawati , Sandra; et al . 2015. Mother and Baby

Nutrition . Jakarta: PT
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Hendrik, H. 2006. Problema Menstruation . Solo:
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