‫عرفة‬%‫ نماذج إدارة ا‬PDF

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‫)‪ #‬ة‪ #‬ح‪ #‬ف‪#‬ص‬ ‫‪ #‬ة‪ #‬م‪ #‬ئ‪ #‬ا‪#‬ق )‪ #‬ا‪ #‬ي‪ #‬و‪ #‬ت‪ #‬ح‪#‬م‪ ‬‬
‫‪: ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪......................................................................................‬‬ ‫(ا&‪!"#$%‬‬

‫‪II‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(+,‬س(ر ‪......................................................................................‬‬

‫‪IV‬‬ ‫(ق‪(.‬ئ‪( !#‬ا‪(1‬ش‪(./‬ل‪................................................................................‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪(5#‬د‪........................................................................................!#‬‬

‫‪09-01‬‬ ‫‪#‬ا!'&‪#‬ث‪#‬ح‪#*  ‬ل‪#‬و‪#<'= :‬ة‪#‬ر‪#‬ا‪#‬د‪ #‬ج‪#‬ذ‪# ‬ا!'‪#56‬ف‪# 3‬ن‪#‬م‪# ‬ا!'‪#0,-‬ر‪# ‬ا!‪'+,-.‬‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫(ت‪(6+#‬د ‪.......................................................................................‬‬

‫‪03‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط" (ا‪(1‬ل(و‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪( ‬و<;(غ ‪......................................................... Wiig‬‬

‫‪06‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط" (ا&@ ?(ي‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪(C ‬س(ت(و‪( ‬و‪(C ‬و(ر‪(6B‬ن ‪.............................Bots and Bruijin‬‬

‫‪07‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط" (ا&@‪(&.‬ث‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪(F.# G66./;# ‬د(ر(ا(و ‪.............................Michel Marquardt‬‬

‫‪08‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط"(ب‪( ‬ا&(ر(ا‪(%‬ع‪(#?  :‬ذ(و &‪(?6‬د‪............................................... Lindssey .$‬‬

‫‪17-10‬‬ ‫‪#‬ا! '&‪#‬ث‪#‬ح‪# ‬ا!‪#=<H‬ي‪#<'= :‬ة‪#‬ر‪#‬ا‪#‬د‪ #‬ج‪#‬ذ‪# ‬ا!'‪#56‬ف‪# 3‬ع‪#E‬ى =‪ # <C‬س‪#‬ا‪#5.‬ت‪#‬ا‪# 3+@+‬ظ‪#‬و‪+>+‬‬

‫‪11‬‬ ‫(ت‪(6+#‬د ‪.......................................................................................‬‬

‫‪12‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط"(ب‪( ‬ا‪(1‬ل(و‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪...................................................Massey J.$.# ‬‬

‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪...Mertins & Heising & Vorbeck‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط"(ب‪( ‬ا&@‪(?.‬ي‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪(.#  ‬ت(ر‪(?6‬ز (ه‪(6.‬ز< (ر(و(ف(و‪M‬‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط"(ب‪( ‬ا&@‪(&.‬ث‪(  :‬ا?‪(#‬ج(ذ(و‪( ‬ي(ف(و(د‪....................................................... Duffy ‬‬

‫‪17‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط"(ب‪( ‬ا&(ر(ا‪(%‬ع‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪(/?6B ‬س‪( ‬و‪(  ‬و&‪(.#,‬ن ‪...........................Jennex & Olfman‬‬

‫‪24-18‬‬ ‫‪#‬ا!'&‪#‬ث‪#‬ح‪# ‬ا!‪#!<H‬ث‪#<'= :‬ة‪#‬ر‪#‬ا‪#‬د‪ #‬ج‪#‬ذ‪# ‬ا!'‪#56‬ف‪# 3‬ب<‪#‬ع‪#<&.‬ه‪#‬ر< ‪ #‬س‪#‬ا‪#5.‬ت‪#‬ا‪# 3+@+‬ع'<‪#‬ل‬

‫‪19‬‬ ‫(ت‪(6+#‬د ‪......................................................................................‬‬

‫‪20‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط"(ب‪( ‬ا‪(1‬ل(و‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪(,;,% ‬ر‪( ‬و‪($ ‬و(ت(و(ن‪..............................Pfeffer & Sutton ‬‬

‫‪22‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط"(ب‪( ‬ا&@‪(?.‬ي‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪( ‬ا(د;‪(6,‬د‪(6./$ ‬م(ر‪................................ David J. Skyrme ‬‬

‫‪23‬‬ ‫(ا&‪(#‬ط"(ب‪( ‬ا&@‪(&.‬ث‪(#? :‬ج(ذ(و‪($.B ‬و(ن‪( ‬و‪( ‬و(ق‪(M‬ت‪...............................Jason & Gupta  .‬‬

‫‪25‬‬ ‫(ا&(خ‪(.‬ت‪.......................................................................................!#‬‬

‫‪27‬‬ ‫(ق‪(.‬ئ‪( !#‬ا&‪(#‬ر(ا‪(B‬ع ‪.................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪III‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪:‬‬
  

: ‫ ش‬#‫ ك‬#‫ ا‬#‫ ل‬#3 ‫ق‬#‫ ا‬#‫ ئ‬#‫ م‬#‫ ة‬#
 

‫(ح‬,‫(ا&(ص‬ ‫م(ق(ر‬ /‫?(ا(و (ا&(ش‬R G/‫(ا&(ش‬ ‫م(ق(ر‬

06 Wiig?R ‫(ف(ر‬V#&‫(ذ(و (ر(ا(د(إ (ا‬#   1- 1

07 Bruijn & Bots & ;‫(ف(ر‬V#&‫; (ا‬5&‫" (ا‬$"$ ‫(ج(ذ(و‬#? 2- 1

08 Marquardt ?R ‫(ف(ر‬V#&‫(ج(ذ(و (ر(ا(د(ا (ا‬#? 3- 1

9 Lindssey ?R ‫(ف(ر‬V#&‫(ج(ذ(و (ر(ا(د(ا (ا‬#? 4- 1

12 Massey ?R ‫(ف(ر‬V#&‫(ج(ذ(و (ر(ا(د(إ (ا‬#? 1- 2

15 Mertins & Heising & Vorbeck ‫(ج(ذ(و‬#? 2- 2

16 Duffy ?R ‫(ف(ر‬V#&‫(ج(ذ(و (ر(ا(د(ا (ا‬#? 3- 2

17 Jennex and Olfman ?R ‫(ف(ر‬V#&‫(ج(ذ(و (ر(ا(د(إ (ا‬#? 4- 2

  IV

 
:
  

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‫‪1‬‬

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‫‪1‬‬

‫"ج‪" +.&0‬ا‪":I:;/‬ن ‪" ‬ا‪",/‬ن"ا"د"و ‪"  2018‬ص ‪.66‬‬

‫‪14‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
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‫‪15‬‬

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‫‪1‬‬

‫"ا‪"/‬ت‪"::,‬ر ‪" ‬ج‪"&C& +.&0‬د "‪ ‬و"ب‪"L‬ة"ر "‪ ‬و"ب&"س"ا"د"ر ‪"  2018/2017‬ص ‪.65‬‬

‫‪16‬‬

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19

 
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‫‪ ‬‬

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‫‪20‬‬

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‫"‪%‬ا(‪%" 9J#7‬ق!‪%>Y,; ‬ق‪% U‬أ(‪%.‬ق&‪%‬ج‪%‬ذ‪%=>=? ‬ر‪%‬ق ‪%‬و‪% ‬ق‪%‬س&;&‪%‬ن‪%j8D ‬ق}‪% ‬أ(‪%‬ق‪%_G % ‬ق‪%T? Pk‬ض‪%‬ق‪%  ‬ا‪9../‬ق‪%‬س‪%‬ف‪% , 9‬و‪%,V‬ق‪%" F‬ق!‪%T? ‬ض‪%‬ق‬
‫‪%‬ا‪%9../‬س‪%‬ف‪% , 9‬ا[‪%‬ر‪%‬خ‪% Å‬ا‪%D u8/‬ر‪%  !" Å‬و‪%g( RlK‬ر‪% i‬أ(‪%T; 9l‬ر‪%w UJ‬ر(‪% t"9‬ة‪%‬ف‪%‬ا‪%‬د‪%‬إ‪% ‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪ % RS‬خ‪%‬ا‪%‬د‪% U‬ا‪% R.ga./‬و‪%; ‬ق‪%" 2 'a‬ق!‪ ‬‬
‫‪%FJ‬ف;‪%YZ % ‬ى‪% ‬ا‪%d‬س‪% ^Y8`./  R?9k8‬ا‪% , 9TY78/‬و"!‪% ‬أ‪%&Z O2‬ا"‪% U‬ا‪% .9ka/‬ا‪%F,G u8/‬د‪% 92‬ا[(‪%&.‬ج‪%‬ذ‪  :Fk( ‬‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫‪% −‬ا‪%8/‬ك‪%‬ه>‪%YZ F‬ى‪% ‬ا‪% r(9k/‬ا‪% !" dFw u'>-78/‬ا‪%8/‬ر]>\‪%YZ ‬ى‪% ‬ا‪% r(9k/‬ا‪%ga/‬ر‪p‬‬

‫‪% }a" −‬ا[‪%F-./ R>YjS‬أ‪% ‬ا‪%9T8/‬و‪%‬ن‪%YZ ‬ى‪% ‬ا‪%F-./‬أ‪% ‬ا‪%9.Z !>w RnS9a./‬ل‪% ‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪RS‬‬
‫‪%  P>k_; −‬ا‪%9-./‬ة‪%‬ف‪%‬د‪% ‬و(‪% 1-‬ا‪%&.k/‬د‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫"ر"ا"د "ل"ا‪"<,‬ر‪", ;9‬ج"ر )"ب "ر"ك"ذ‬ ‫‪"  1‬ا"ر"ب‪" ,4‬و"ز"ر"ز ‪", :‬ح‪"8‬ا"ر"ض ‪8/:, 9‬‬

‫‪21‬‬

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‫[‬ ‫‪% ‬ا‪% <=/"3‬ا‪%9!;3‬ي‪%!"9 [  :‬ج‪%‬ذ‪% ‬ة‪%‬ر‪%‬ا‪%‬د‪%‬إ‪% ‬ا‪%*2"3‬ف&‪%!/+#!0 ‬ر‪% !-‬ا‪%*+,‬ا)'('&‪% ‬ا‪!"#‬‬

‫‪% −‬ا‪%8/‬ك‪%‬ه‪%‬ق>‪%YZ F‬ى‪% ‬ا‪% , 9>]&Yn/‬ا‪%FDFk/‬ة‪%9'Y/ ‬ة‪%‬د‪% !" dFw ‬ا‪%9.8Zd‬د‪%YZ ‬ى‪% ‬و‪%‬ف;>‪% , 9>a‬ا‪%>>n8/‬ر‪% ‬ا‪%‬و‪%d‬ة‪%‬ف‪%‬ا‪%‬د‪".‬‬

‫‪%‬ا‪%"3‬ط‪% CD‬ا‪%9!;3‬ي‪% :‬أ‪%F"9‬ج‪%‬ذ‪% ‬ا‪%‬د‪%, >'Il‬ك!`*‪%‬م ‪:David J. Skyrme‬‬

‫‪%9n;  +>,? % ?98]  uS  % ‬ل‪%‬ح ‪ :#' 9J ‬‬

‫‪%FJ‬م ‪% ‬ا‪%9-/‬ي‪ % +‬ا‪%‬د‪%   F>=G‬س‪%D9E‬م‪%‬ر ‪%12 ‬ا ‪% ‬ا[(‪%&.‬ج‪%‬ذ ‪% ‬إ‪%YZ  R?9K‬ى ‪%9n; ‬ل‪%‬ت ‪%Ñ ‬ي‪%‬ر‬
‫‪%-!M‬ي ‪% ‬ا‪%*+,O‬ا)'('!‪%‬ت ‪% ‬ا‪%+3‬ي ‪%  !?2/+) ‬ا‪%!"hT"3‬ت ‪%  R'h2+3 ‬ف‪%F‬ئ‪%‬ا>‪%  !-‬ا‪%   &'"'hT+3‬و‪%  F'S % >YZ‬ا‪%8J‬ر‪%   .‬أ(‪%&.‬ذ‪%â  9K‬ة‪%‬ف‪%‬ا‪%‬د‬
‫‪ 1.‬‬ ‫‪%‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪%&x8D RS‬ن‪%," !>;&J !" ‬ر]‪% !>8‬س‪%‬و‪% RT-‬ف‪%‬ا‪ % , 9TS‬س‪%‬ا‪%8‬ر‪%‬ا;>‪R>k‬‬
‫‪%1lS‬ا ‪% ‬ا[(‪%&.‬ج‪%‬ذ ‪%YZ  U.TG ‬ى ‪ %‬س‪%‬أ‪%,"  !>;FZ9J + 9‬ر]‪  !>8‬أ"‪%  9‬ا‪%d‬و‪%/‬ى ‪%  ulS ‬ا‪%d‬س‪%F`8‬م‪%‬ا ‪% ‬ا[‪%T.Y/  UjS‬ر‪RS‬‬
‫‪%‬ا‪% uS FK&;  u8/‬ا‪%  R.ga./‬ا‪%‬و‪%7/‬ر‪% 5‬ا‪% & ',; u8/‬ذ‪%-Z s/‬ر‪%9'; ‬س‪%  O‬ا‪%9../‬س‪%‬ف‪% , 9‬ا‪% UN&; u8/‬إ‪%/‬ى‪% ‬ا[‪% UjS‬و;‪%V&7‬ر‪ ‬‬
‫‪%&J‬ا‪%  FZ‬ا‪%  , 9(9>-/‬ي‪%  U‬ا‪%  ., #E_./‬ا‪%‬و‪%&'/‬ة ‪% ‬ا‪%,./‬ر]‪%  R‬ا‪%/‬ء‪%  u2  R>(9‬ا‪%9x8wd‬ف ‪% ‬ا‪%‬و(_‪%9‬ح ‪% ‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪% RS‬ا‪%FDFk/‬ة ‪% ‬و;‪%  9lYV&,‬ا‪%/‬ى‬
‫"‪% , 9k8a‬خ‪%‬و‪% , 9"F‬و‪%FDFK , 9>Y.Z‬ة‪% ‬و‪%&EV‬ن‪% ‬ا‪%8/‬ر]>\‪%YZ 9a2 ‬ى‪% ‬ا‪%7/‬ر‪% 5‬ا‪% \V\T8/ R/9T=/‬و ‪ %‬ر‪% %‬ث‪%‬إح‪%‬ا‪% ‬ا‪%9x8wd‬ف‪  .‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪%‬أ"‪% 9‬س‪% U-‬ا‪% .9ka/‬ا‪%12 uS P-n/‬ا‪% ‬ا[(‪%&.‬ج‪%‬ذ‪% ‬ا‪%‬و‪% 9lw O29n; u8/‬ة‪%‬ف‪%‬ا‪%‬د‪%‬إ‪% ‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪  3:ulS RS‬‬
‫‪%*2M .1‬ف&‪%  ‬ا‪%3‬ز‪%Fo‬ن‪:‬‬
‫‪%‬أ‪%V&7;  p‬ر ‪% ‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪%  RS‬ا‪%  !"  R>.YT/‬خ‪%#‬ل ‪%   , 9J#Z ‬ا‪%&I\/‬ن ‪% ‬س‪%‬ا‪%‬و‪%F`8‬ا"‪% %â 9l‬ر‪%‬ثح‪%‬ا ‪ ‬ع‪%‬ف‪%   9‬ا‪%&I\/‬ن ‪!" ‬‬
‫‪%‬خ‪%#‬ل ‪%  , 9k8a" ‬خ‪%‬و‪%YZ  U.T;  Ran,"  , 9"F‬ى ‪% ‬ا‪%9lw‬ف‪%  !"  i‬خ‪%#‬ل ‪%FDFK  , 9n./ ‬ة ‪%  % YTk; ‬ا‪%  U>.T/‬ا‪ i1l/  uS&/‬‬
‫‪%‬ا‪.R.ga./‬‬
‫‪% .2‬ا‪%*2"3‬ف& ‪ %‬ي‪%‬ف‪% ‬ا‪%!(+T"3‬ت‪% ‬ا‪%‬و‪%!M>W3‬ت‪:‬‬
‫‪%‬أ‪% p‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪% RS‬ا‪%Fnk./‬ة‪% uS ‬ا‪% , 9k8a./‬ز"‪%D 9‬ر;‪% 9lw ä-‬ا‪%‬و‪% , 9"F`/‬ا‪%‬و‪% % '>',; !E.G d p1/‬إ‪ !" d‬‬
‫‪%‬خ‪%#‬ل ‪% ‬ا‪%d‬س‪%F`8‬م‪%‬ا ‪% ‬ا‪%E./‬ء^ ‪%T.Y/ ‬ر‪%  ^Y8`"  uS  RS‬ا[(_‪%  R7‬ا‪%‬و‪%  , 9>Y.T/‬خ‪%‬ا‪%‬د‪%  U‬ا‪%  R.ga./‬و‪%  t8a;  FJ‬ا‪R.ga./‬‬
‫"‪%T" , 9k8a‬ر‪% uS Fnk8; R8,? R>S‬ا‪% 9x8w‬ا‪%‬ف‪%Ä !" , ‬ه(‪% OGF'; 9l‬ي‪%&Y‬ل‪%9_./ ‬ك‪.R=Y8`" U‬‬
‫‪% .3‬ا‪%*2"3‬ف& ‪ %‬ي‪%‬ف‪% ‬ا‪%B‬ف*‪%‬د‪%‬ا‪:‬‬
‫;‪%&,.8‬ف‪%  i12 ‬ا[‪%‬خ>‪%‬ة‪%‬ر‪% ‬ي&‪%‬ل‪%V&7; ‬ر‪% FJ ‬ا‪%‬ف‪% , ‬و"‪% 9l‬ا‪%‬ف‪% , ‬ا[‪%% S‬رد‪%‬ا ‪ %‬خ‪%‬ا‪%‬د‪% U‬ا‪% R.ga./‬ا‪%‬و‪%/‬ر‪%FJ !" PS‬ف‪%‬ا;‪ Ol‬‬
‫‪%‬ا‪%Fwd‬ا‪%  !"  R>Z‬خ‪%#‬ل ‪% ‬س‪%‬ف‪%‬ا‪%9‬ح ‪% ‬ث'‪%  RS9‬ا‪%   OYT8/‬و;'‪%9‬س‪%  O‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪%   RS‬و‪%-8TV‬ر ‪%12 ‬ا ‪% ‬ا‪%  r(9k/‬أ‪%&K  O2‬ا(‪%  r‬ة‪%‬ف‪%‬ا‪%‬د‪%‬إ ‪% ‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪%&]  RS‬ن‪ ‬‬
‫"‪%  OgT‬ا‪%  , 9>Y.T/‬ا‪%T./‬ر‪%YZ  F.8T;  R>S‬ى ‪% ‬ا‪%=/‬د‪%‬ر ‪%F/9? ‬ف‪%  RK‬ا[‪%‬و‪%/‬ى ‪%9-/9S ‬ي‪%   &2  +‬ا‪%=/‬د‪%‬ر ‪ ‬ا‪%‬و‪%   &2  OYT8./‬ا‪%=/‬د‪%‬ر ‪% ‬ا‪%‬و‪OYT./‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪" 1‬ن"ب‪" ‬ح‪",‬ة"د"و‪"/ ‬و)"ف ‪", ‬ع"ج"ر‪") ‬ق"ب‪" ‬ه"ر"ك"ذ ‪" ‬ص ‪.80‬‬
‫‪"/)   2‬ف ‪" ‬د"ل"ا‪"/‬ن ‪") ‬ب?"ي‪$ :‬ر‪$‬و‪$‬د ‪$ ‬ة‪$‬ر‪$‬ا‪$‬د‪$‬غ ‪$ ‬م‪$‬ل‪$‬ا‪$8‬ف‪$‬ر! ‪$ ‬ي‪$‬ف ‪$0 ‬ح‪$"4‬ق ‪$ ‬م‪$‬ل‪$‬ا"‪$‬ة‪$‬ز ‪$ ‬ل‪$‬ا‪$0‬ن‪$%‬ف‪$  !"+‬ب‪$%‬م‪$‬ل ‪$%++‬ت ‪ $‬ن‪$‬ص‪$‬ل‪$‬ا‪$%‬ع"! ‪$‬ر‪$‬ئ‪$‬ا‪$‬ز‪$‬ج‪$‬ل‪$‬ا" ‪", ‬ة"ر"ك"ذ ‪"8, ‬ج)?‪"/‬ر ‪"9 ‬ي ‪" ‬ل"ا<‪"B‬م"و "‪ ‬ل"ا)‪  ;/)8/‬‬
‫"ج‪", ;<,8‬ح‪",‬د‪" ‬خ‪"/‬ر"ض ‪" ‬ب)"ة"ر"ك ‪"  2016/2015‬ص ‪.50‬‬
‫‪$‬ر‪$‬ا‪$‬د ‪$‬م‪$‬ل‪$‬ا‪$8‬ف‪$‬ر ‪",‬ج"ر )"ب "ر"ك"ذ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪"  3‬ا"ر"ب‪" ,4‬و"ز"ر"ز ‪$ :‬ح‪$‬م‪$%‬ا‪$‬ر‪$‬ض ‪$‬ف ‪$‬م‪%"4‬‬

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