Home Strategies to enhance speech delays:

1. Interactive or Reciprocal play + turn taking

This is one of the most effective ways to establish two-way communication with a young child.
Parents are often surprised to know they should be practicing this skill with their child. Taking
turns does not come naturally as toddlers and young children are more internally focused.

Here are a few easy ways to stimulate this skill:

• Roll a small ball back and forth with your child. You can have them sit down with legs
open to catch the ball first. Then say, "One, two, three!" and roll the ball to them. This is
every baby’s favorite game. It is so simple and wonderful because it establishes eye
contact, rapport, turn taking and even a little impulse control as the child waits for his/her
turn. Rolling a truck or car back and forth is the same idea.

• If child is engaged in quiet play by themselves with their favorite toy, simply ask them if
you could have a turn. Promise to give it right back when they are finished. Praise them
for sharing when you give it back. "Thank you so much for sharing! You let me borrow
your favorite car and I gave it right back.”

• Once they have practiced this skill at length with you and you feel it is now an
established skill, let them practice sharing with a sibling or maybe another child at the
playground.

2. Pick a handful of simple words to repeat over and over

Involve words in your everyday routine. Pick a few easy words or phrases that you know your
child is paying attention to during each daily routine (brushing teeth, bath time, mealtime,
leaving the house).

Say these words or phrases to your child every single day—the more repetition the better!
Remember, the key here is to find words or items you know your child is attending to, visually at
that particular time, and then label it for them.

Here are some examples of words and phrases to involve in daily routines:

• Bath time: splash, water, bubbles, wash, soap, clean up toys, all done bath, all clean
• Mealtime: fork, spoon, plate, peas, eggs, cookie, apple, banana, eat, more, yummy,
drink, water
• Leaving the house: shoes/put on shoes, let's go, bye-bye, ready, car, shirt on, car-seat,
buckle on
3. Make fun sounds + pair words with movement

Toddlers do so well imitating speech when it is paired with a movement or an action. This highly
encourages speech.

There is a reason that toddlers often learn how to make their animal sounds earlier than saying
actual words. It is because sounds are easier for young children to learn than words. So why not
take advantage of this and use fun sounds during play with your child?

Here are my go-to action words for encouraging speech:

• Say "zoom, zoom, zoom!" when making lines with a crayon

• Say "vroom, vroom!" when pushing a truck
• Say "jump, jump!" when jumping on the bed or trampoline
• Say "yay!" when clapping
• Say "pop, Pop" when popping bubbles with your finger
• Say "choo-choo" when pushing train on the track
• Say "eep, beep!" when pushing horn on a toy truck
• Say "bang, bang, bang" when banging two blocks together
• Say "up, up, up!" as child climbs stairs at the playground

4. Eliminate background noise and visual distractions

Eliminating over-stimulating visuals and loud background sounds is going to enhance your
child's auditory attention to what is being said. If you have the television on all day long while
you are trying to communicate with your child, there is a good chance the television is becoming
a barrier to his/her comprehension of what you are saying.

Many children have a difficult time filtering out what is being said vs what is going on in the
background. Basically what happens is the background noise and the talking all blend together
and it just sounds like noise to them. Keep TV time to a minimum and try to speak to him/her
when it is quiet so they can properly pay attention to you.

5. Point and repeat

Point to things in your everyday routine and repeat them three times. This might feel silly at first
but the more your child hears the word, the quicker they are going to comprehend it and be able
to repeat it back to you.

An example would be “sit, sit sit" when you want them to sit down to put their shoes on. Or
pointing at the pictures of a book, saying "ball, ball, ball.”

6. Imitate desired speech

When your child makes a gesture, or cries and whines and you know what it is that they want,
imitate the speech that you desire them to say. For example, if they are asking for milk by
crying, say, "Oh, you want milk! Say 'milk please!'" Even if your child doesn't say it initially,
continue to repeat the verbal command at least three times before giving it to them.
After you continue this drill every time, day after day, when they request their milk, they will
eventually formulate something that resembles an utterance of the word 'milk' or 'please' instead
of crying/whining/pointing.

Remember, from their perspective, if they have learned that they get what they want just by
pointing and crying, then there is no need for them to use words.

7. Simple books + puzzles with one picture

Choose books that have one familiar household item on the page against a white backdrop for
babies under the age of one. That way, when you point and say the word, they know what you
are pointing to. Babies don't have the ability to filter out visual distractions like adults can. When
there is too much going on or the items in the book don't resemble familiar items in their world,
they will quickly lose interest in reading. Even drawings can be too distracting and unfamiliar to
babies and young children, which is why real pictures are best.

Formboard puzzles starting with three pictures are best. Start with three pictures and work your
way up to those with nine pictures.

Take all of the pieces out, saying "take out, take out, take out" as you lay the pieces down.
Then, pick up a puzzle piece and say "Here is the dog! Where does the dog go?" If they don't
find it or guess wrong, that's okay. Say, "Oh, here's the dog!" and assist them in matching it into
the correct hole. The next time, your child can try it themselves. Give helpful, short, verbal
commands such as "turn, turn turn" or "put it in.”

8. Assist with the first sound

If you are trying to teach a specific word, or if you notice your child attempting to say a word but
having difficulty, this is often helpful. If they are trying to say the word "more", help them by
saying "mmmmore" annunciating the "m" sound. If they are trying to say "sit", help them by
saying "ssssit" annunciating the "s" sound. They might not get it the first time they try, but with
practice they will!