Name: ____KC-ROSE V.

CARMEN______ Year Level/Course: BSED ENGLISH IA

FOUNDATION OF SPECIAL AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

MODULE 8
STUDENTS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME

READ AND RESPONSE

1. What is hearing impairment? How does deafness differ from the condition of hard of hearing?

Hearing impairment is defined as "an impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that
adversely affects a child's educational performance." While deafness is defined as "a hearing impairment that is
so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without
amplification." Thus, deafness may be viewed as a condition that prevents an individual from receiving sound in
all or most of its forms. In contrast, a child with hearing loss can generally respond to auditory stimuli, including
speech.

IDEA defines deafness as a hearing impairment that is so severe that the student is impaired in
processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification, that adversely affects the
student’s educational performance.

2. Enumerate the causes or etiology of hearing impairment and discuss each briefly?

Hearing impairment affects people of all ages and can be caused by many different factors. The causes
of Hearing impairment may occur during before birth, birth process and after the birth.

BEFORE BIRTH

 Family history of childhood deafness – Deafness in family members

 Consanguineous marriages-Marriage between close relations such as uncle-niece, first cousin.
 Blood group complications or Rh incompatibility –
 Infectious diseases or illnesses during pregnancy (e.g. syphilis, German measles or Rubella with fever,
mumps)
 Very poor physical condition of the expectant mother.
 Excessive alcohol or nicotine intake by the expectant mother.
 Intake of ototoxic drugs. (Ototoxic drugs are drugs that can damage the hearing mechanism if used
indiscriminately. For e.g Gentamycin, amikacin, quinine preparations etc.)
 Excessive exposure to X-rays.

DURING THE BIRTH PROCESS

 Birth Asphyxia (lack of oxygen supply to the new born due to inability to breathe normally resulting
in blueness of baby due to various reasons).
 Delayed or feeble birth cry.
 Birth weight less than 1200 grams.
AFTER BIRTH

 Pre–maturity.
 Deformities of ear, nose, face & throat.
 Jaundice, high fever or convulsions immediately after birth.
 Infectious diseases (e.g. whooping cough, mumps, measles, syphilis, meningitis, viral fever, T.B.)
 Intake of antibiotics for a long duration. (especially those known to be ototoxic)
 Injury to the head and /or ear – (by accidents etc.)
 Continuous exposure to loud sounds. High blood pressure, diabetes.
 Aging
 Tumor on the auditory nerve.
 Middle ear infections, ear discharge etc.

As with any medical condition, it’s best to know what you “have” before deciding what to do about it. A
consultation with a hearing professional can help determine the type, cause and degree of your hearing loss.

3.What are the formal methods of evaluating hearing loss? Describe each method briefly.

In evaluating hearing loss we have different formal methods used it includes:

Hearing screening a test to tell if people might have hearing loss. Hearing screening is easy and not
painful. In fact, babies are often asleep while being screened. It takes a very short time — usually only a few
minutes.

Full hearing test this test is also called an audiology evaluation. An audiologist, who is an expert
trained to test hearing, will do the full hearing test. In addition, the audiologist will also ask questions about birth
history, ear infection and hearing loss in the family.

There are many kinds of tests an audiologist can do to find out if a person has a hearing loss, how
much of a hearing loss there is, and what type it is. The hearing tests are easy and not painful. The evaluation
will probably last about 20 to 30 minutes in length. If the determination is made that you need hearing aids, allow
for sufficient time to discuss your options. It is recommended that you bring a family member with you to the
evaluation appointment. Most audiologists agree that hearing loss is a family issue. It helps to have another
supportive person at the appointment to help you understand the information and recommendations. Simple tests
with tuning forks can help your doctor detect hearing loss. This evaluation may also reveal where in your ear the
damage has occurred. The Audiometer tests were during these more-thorough tests conducted by an
audiologist, you wear earphones and hear sounds and words directed to each ear.

4. Enumerate at least five (5) characteristics of a student with hearing impairment.

The student with hearing impairment may appear to hear normally, when in fact the student cannot hear
speech sounds clearly enough and is misinterpreting the information. The student may have difficulties
pronouncing speech sounds correctly, poor vocal quality, or trouble explaining ideas clearly. Here are some of
the common characteristics of students with hearing impairment commonly observed in classrooms:

 Difficulty following verbal directions

 Some difficulties with social/emotional or interpersonal skills
 Will often have a degree of language delay
 Often follows and rarely leads
 Can become easily frustrated if their needs are not met — which may lead to some behavioral difficulties
5. What are the classifications of deafness?

Degree of Hearing Loss

Degree of hearing loss Hearing loss range (dB HL)

Moderate 41 to 55
Moderately severe 56 to 70
Severe 71 to 90
Profound 91+

The deaf classified from the point of view of incapacity as a result of deafness:

1. The true deaf-mute, developmental.

2. The muted or semi-muted, totally deaf because of disease occurring shortly after birth.
3. The speaking deaf, totally deaf from disease occurring after two years of age.
4. Partially deaf, hard of hearing.