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Search - Vortex-Induced Vibration
Search - Vortex-Induced Vibration
SHEAR7 Simulation
With over ten years of industry use and continuous development, SHEAR7 is one of the leading modeling tools for the
prediction of vortex-induced vibration (VIV). The program’s forte is the VIV response prediction of offshore structures
subjected to spatially varying currents; realistic of ocean environments. The program enables users to estimate
structural responses, mean drag force amplification factors and predict fatigue damage. It is simple and fast to run with
all the results summarized in a convenient standard output file. The new release allows for more accurate modeling of
Strakes.
The program evaluates natural frequencies and mode shapes of cables and beams with linearly varying or slowly
varying tension and with a variety of boundary conditions, including cantilevers and free hanging risers. The program is
capable of evaluating the natural frequencies and mode shapes and VIV response of horizontal catenary cables and
uses an approximate structural model for inclined catenary cables.
The user may choose to compute natural frequencies and mode shapes in a Sample SHEAR7 Input File
separate program, such as a finite element program and provide them as input to
SHEAR7 in a common.mds file. In this way, structures which are not in the Sample SHEAR7 Output File
standard solution set of SHEAR7 may be evaluated.
SHEAR7 can be used to predict the cross flow RMS displacement and stress; as well as fatigue damage rate and local
drag amplification coefficients.
Cylinders are not required to be of constant cross-section. The user may also model sections of risers with VIV
suppression devices (strakes and fairings) as well as staggered buoyancy modules.
The basic solution technique used is modal analysis and iteration (to account for the non-linear relationship between
response and lift coefficient.) The physical assumption is that the power input (by lift force) and power output (through
damping) for each mode should be in balance in a steady state. From initial values of lift and damping coefficients, the
program finds the lift and damping coefficients in a balanced state through iteration. The converged lift and damping
coefficients are used to compute cylinder response.
Throughout the years of development, SHEAR7 has remained a very simple to use program, that can quickly be run
from a standard desktop computer. Once the program has run, an out file is produced which conveniently summarizes
the results.
Incorporate your own lift coefficient and damping data from experiments to predict behavour of long flexible
structures.
The ability to define the lift and damping behaviour separately for each zone on the structure.
Results can be produced in the time domain for rainflow fatigue calculations or incorporation with other modeling
programs.
In V4.4 and in all earlier versions of the program utilized a ‘competing modes’ model of Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV), whereas
all potentially responding modes competed among each other for power-in length on the riser. Whenever response in more than
one mode was feasible, the whole power-in region was subdivided into individual power-in regions, one per mode. Any overlaps
between modal power-in regions were removed. The greater the number of modes left above the cutoff power level, the smaller
the individual power-in regions became. This had the effect of reducing the response of each mode. Recent research has
shown that this in not seen on typical risers. Rather, each mode appears one at a time. Over a long period several modes may
come and go, sharing the time that VIV is experienced. Each mode has a much larger power-in region than would be permitted
by removing spatial overlap in power-in regions. Each mode has more power-in and responds with larger amplitude than would
be predicted in the old method of response computation.
Time Sharing Concept
SHEAR7 versions 4.5 and 4.6 utilize the concept of time-sharing between the modes, making spatial overlap elimination between
the modes unnecessary. The concept of time sharing is based on observations from the Gulf Stream, Deepstar-funded, slender
pipe experiments. The data revealed that VIV response is dominated by one single frequency at a time, with the response
switching frequently among frequencies.
The time sharing principle is illustrated for a low mode number example below. Similar to the way that previous program
versions operated, the program first performs an initial modal power calculation using full bandwidth for the power-in region to
form a basis for deciding relative modal dominance in the final modal calculation. In versions 4.5 and 4.6, after the initial power
calculation, modes are allowed to respond with the full input bandwidth (power-in region) but the time over which they are
allowed to respond is reduced in accordance with calculated time sharing probabilities. As the default, the time sharing
probabilities are proportional to power ratios.
The program still works in the frequency domain and it still uses the Modal Superposition Method.
SHEAR7 version 4.6 introduces enhancements to version 4.5, while utilizing the same time sharing concept. In particular, V4.6
allows a vastly improved modeling of strakes, both partial and close to full coverage.
Licensing
Email: kimv@mit.edu
accessibility