Measurement and Geometry 195

10 The value of θ in the diagram, correct to two decimal places, is:

12
A 0.73° B 48.19° C 41.81°
D 33.69° E 4.181° θ
8

Short-answer questions
1 Write down Pythagoras’ theorem for these triangles, using the given pronumerals.
a b t c
z e
x f
s
u
y d
2 Find the length of the hypotenuse in these triangles. Round to two decimal places where
appropriate.
a 8 b 24 c
12
7 c
c 6 c
5
d 35 e c f
2
c 5
12
c 4

3 Find the length of the unknown side in these right-angled triangles. Round to two decimal
places.
a 5 b c 15
11
6 18
8
4 A steel support beam of length 6.5 m is connected to a wall at a height of 4.7 m from the ground.
Find the distance (to two decimal places) between the base of the building and the point where the
beam is joined to the ground.

6.5 m 4.7 m

5 For this double triangle, find the length: C

a AC D
b CD (correct to two decimal places) 5 cm
5 cm
A 12 cm B
196 Chapter 4 Right-angled triangles

6 Two different cafés on opposite sides of an atrium in a shopping centre are respectively 10 m and
15 m above the ground floor. If the cafés are linked by a 20 m escalator, find the horizontal distance
(to the nearest metre) across the atrium, between the two cafés.

7 Find the value of each of the following, correct to two decimal places.
a sin 40° b tan 66° c cos 44°

8 Which ratio (sin θ = O , cos θ = A or tan θ = O ) would be used to find the value of the unknown in
H H A
these triangles?
a 12° b 10 cm c
xm 6
18 m
x cm θ
60°
5
9 Find the value of each pronumeral, correct to two decimal places where necessary.
Use sin θ = O , cos θ = A or tan θ = O .
H H A
a b 10 c
y
26° 42 29°
x 14 x

54°
d e f 2.6
9 11 θ
5 29° θ 1.3
z

10 The angle of elevation of the top of a lighthouse from a point on the

ground 40 m from its base is 35°. Find the height of the lighthouse,
correct to two decimal places.
35°
40 m
11 A train travels up a slope, making an angle of 7° with the horizontal.
When the train is at a height of 3 m above its starting point, find the 3m
7°
distance it has travelled up the slope, to the nearest metre.

12 From a point on the ground, Ahbed measures the angle of elevation of a 120 m tower
to be 34°. How far from the base of the tower is Ahbed, correct to two decimal places?
13 From the roof of a skyscraper, Aisha spots a car at an angle of depression of 51° from the roof of the
skyscraper. If the skyscraper is 78 m high, how far away is the car from the base of the skyscraper,
correct to one decimal place?