1

Sun Coast Resources Research Project

Student’s First Name, Middle Initial(s), Last Name

Institutional Affiliation

Course Number and Name

Instructor’s Name and Title

Assignment Due Date

 2

Introduction

Sun Coast Resources is a wholesaling and distributing company focusing on lubrication

and petroleum products. The organization offers fueling, condensate fueling, lubrication, coolant

services and products and generator maintenance. Irrespective of the recent expansion of the firm

in the petroleum industry, it is evident that new global perceptions regarding the environment

and health impacts of petroleum products a significant threat to the existence of the firm in the

few years. Notably, the organization’s board has focused on completing up various intervention

programs aimed at reducing the pollution of the environment resulting from the adverse impact

of the firm’s major product.

Transportation, storage and manipulation are important to all the branches of the crude

and petroleum industry. Significant amount of petroleum and crude oil and petroleum products

tend to be stored in underground and are often transported through both water and road.

Consequently, this poses significant threats to the environment due to possible leaks and

accidents that could increase the amount of petroleum particles in the air. This research paper

aims at offering an insight into various ways and interventions which could be used to reduce the

emission of harmful petroleum substances in the ai hence improving the health of both workers

and communities.

Statement of the problem

The probability of fuel released or spilling to the environment at gas stations during retail

or during transport in the form of vapor losses or liquid spills, to elicit negative health outcomes

may be substantial due to the extensive spread of different petroleum retailers and distributors

across different communities and the intensive utilization of locomotion fuel in the industrialized
 3

countries. Illustratively, the United States consumed roughly 8 million barrels in 2020.

Therefore, if only a minimal amount of this petroleum product spills into the environment, it

could have significant impact on the environment and health of the community members

Irrespective of the growing strain o bn the petroleum industry in the US, it is vivid that there is

still growing demand for petroleum products resulting in reliance on imports to meet the

demand. Therefore, companies like San Coast Resources, need to find better ways of dealing

with the regulation of fuel leakage during transportation and retail to ensure that that it mitigates

the adverse impact of this problem. Although existing research aims at showing the major

impacts and adoption of new technologies to evade the impacts arising from petroleum oil, it

fails to offer vivid direction to the present problem of reducing such emissions and leakages.

This paper will examine immediate measures that firms may take to eradicate the major issue

being faced by companies like San Coast Resources.

Objectives

Objective One: To determine the PM level of the work site environment in San Coast Resources

organization

Objective Two: Showing the relationship between the employees’ safety training and reduced

lost time hours

Objective Three: Determining if there is any difference in efficiency between Group B who

undertook a revised safety program compared to Group A who took part in the initial safety

training program.

Objective Four: Determine if the blood lead levels of the selected employees had increased after

completing their 2-year remediation project.

 4

Objective Five: Determining the effectiveness of soil remediation, water reclamation, air

monitoring and safety and health training and their association with return on investment.

Research Questions

Question One: Does Sun Coast Resources job site environment have a PM with diameters less

than 2.5 microns?

Question Two: What is the type of relationship between employee safety training and reduction

of lost time?

Question Three: Was there any difference in efficiency between Group B who undertook a

revised safety program compared to Group A who took part in the initial safety training

program?

Question Four: Was there an increase in blood lead levels in employees who completed their 2-

year remediation project?

Question Five: Were the interventions soil remediation, water reclamation, air monitoring and

safety and health training effective and did they have a positive relationship with the return on

investment?

Hypothesis

Hypothesis One

HO: Sun Coast Resources working environment does not have a PM with a diameter below than

2.5

H1: Sun Coast Resources working environment have a PM with a diameter that is lower than 2.5

microns
 5

Hypothesis Two

HO: There is a negative relationship between employee safety training and the reduction of lost

time hours

H1: There is a positive relationship between employee safety training and the reduction of lost

rime hours

Hypothesis Three

H0: There was no difference between Group B who undertook a revised safety program

compared to Group A who took part in the initial safety training program

H1: There was a difference between Group B employees who undertook a revised safety program

and Group B employees who participated in the initial safety training program

Hypothesis Four

H0: There was no increase in blood lead levels in employees who completed their 2-year

remediation project

H1: There was an increase in blood lead levels in employees who completed their 2-year

remediation project

Hypothesis Five

H0: The interventions soil remediation, water reclamation, air monitoring and safety and health

training were ineffective and had a negative relationship with the return on investment

H1: The interventions soil remediation, water reclamation, air monitoring and safety and health

training were effective and had positive relationship with the return on investment
 6

Literature Review

According to the WHO (2021), air pollution is a primary environment issue impacting

everyone in all nations. Outdoor or ambient or outside air pollution in rural and urban areas

causes approximately 4.2 million premature deaths globally. The major cause of such a mortality

rate is the exposure to particulate matter having 2.5 microns or lower in their diameter., which

results in respiratory and cardiovascular cancers and diseases. A 2013 evaluation by the World

Health Organization reported that ambient air pollution tends to be carcinogenic to human beings

which ambient air pollution particular matter closely related with incidences of cancer.

According to studies, some cancer deaths are caused by other factors like excessive smoking.

However, most of them would be reduced or eradicated through improving air or eradicating

unhealthy habits like smoking.

According to Aiswaraya & William (2017), petroleum firms are responsible for the

emission or input of liquid, gaseous and solid wastes and emissions into the environment and the

wastes and emissions are characterized by poisonous substances. Such substances tend to be

released in form of acid rain to the plants, soils and various water bodies after undergoing

probable atmospheric reactions. Once they are released in the environment, these harmful

substances may pile in form of adipose issues of the living things and may also move towards the

trophic chain or web. Hydrocarbon compounds are considered the major pollutants emitted by

petroleum products, while other combustion petroleum devices release different pollutants like

carbon monoxide, particulate matter, sulphur oxides and lead.

Oladimeji et al (2015) states that hydrocarbons are te major producers of photochemical

oxidants particularly in urban regions with great technological processes and industries. These

processes and industries have a probable impact on the human health as well as the environment.
 7

Human exposure in high concentrations of such compounds may lead to cancer or mutation. The

CNS, liver and kidney could also suffer damages. Atigue, depression, dizziness and nausea

could also lead to different forms of concentration. Emmisions of hydrocarbon mau also ne

traced to impact luteal function as well as inducing premature abortion in expectant women.

References

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ambient-(outdoor)-air-quality-and-health

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/pdf/S2405-8440(20)32451-8.pdf

https://phys.org/news/2021-10-literature-ten-years-oil-gas.html
8