12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

12
TVL – ICT – CSS
Quarter 3 – Modules 5-8:
Maintain Computer Systems
and Networks

NegOr_Q3_CSS12_Module 5-8_V2
TVL- ICT – CSS - Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Modules 5-8: Maintain Computer Systems and Networks
Second Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Richard D. Gomez
Editors: Louelyn M. Lajot, Reynald Manzano, Ruth Marie B. Eltanal
Reviewers: Ruth Marie B. Eltanal
Typesetter: Richard D. Gomez
Layout Artist: -
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispis, Ed D. Maricel S. Rasid
Joelyza M. Arcilla, Ed. D. Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita L. Ragay, Ed. D.
Antonio B. Baguio, Ed. D.

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home.
Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared
for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons
in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing
this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s
assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of
each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We
trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher
are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and
reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based
learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before
performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in
answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your
teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

2 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

l
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
learn how to maintain computer systems and network. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module has one lesson, namely:

• Lesson 1 – Maintenance of Computer Systems and Networks

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Familiarize a procedure in maintaining Computer Systems and Networks;

2. Perform to maintain Computer Systems and Networks using a checklist; and

3. Shows the ability in maintaining Computer Systems and Networks.

1 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 What I Know

You will be challenged to dig deeper into your prior knowledge and previous
experiences about Planning for Computer Maintenance and Repair.

SKILLS TEST

Directions: Listed below are some of the most important skills that you must master
in order to render quality service in planning maintenance and repair when you enter
the industry of Computer Systems Servicing. Read the skills carefully. Write “YES” if
you can do the skill and “NO” if not. Feel free to answer each skill. Write your answers
in your notebook or answer sheet.

I can… YES NO
Create Data Backup Discs
Remove Unused Programs
Run the Disk Cleanup Program
Run the Disk Defragmenter Program
Check for Hard Disk Drive Errors
Run antivirus and spyware for my PC
Update application Software and Operating system
Backup data
Clean up cabling
Note: If you got 100%, then skip this module. But if you come down with 50%-
99% then go on to this module.

2 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 Lesson MAINTENANCE OF COMPUTER

1 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

What’s In

In this lesson, you will learn how to maintain computer systems and
networks.

What’s New

Unlock the magic words on the blocks. Write the answer in your notebook or
answer sheet.

1.
G E F R A D

2.
P K C B U A

3.
U T D A P E

4.
D E I K U C S A N L P

3 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 What is It

Maintenance of Computer Systems and Networks

In the previous module, you learned about planning prior to preparation but
now you are going to execute the things that you have prepared which is to maintain.
According to Cambridge Dictionary, maintain is to continue in the same way or at
the same level. Maintain is a preventive measure. The question is “how to maintain
computers?” The following are the maintenance procedures:

1. Create Data Backup Discs

You can use the CD or DVD burning software included on your PC to create
backup discs of important information including personal files, e-mail messages, and
Web site bookmarks. Use software that includes write verification functionality when
writing data to a backup disc. This verification feature compares the data on your
hard disk drive with the data copied to the disc to ensure it is an exact copy.

There are several ways to back up your PC. The steps are listed below.

a. Select the Start button, then select Control Panel > System and
Maintenance > Backup and Restore.

b. Do one of the following:

o If you have never used Windows Backup before, or recently upgraded
your version of Windows, select Set up backup, and then follow the
steps in the wizard.
o If you have created a backup before, you can wait for your regularly
scheduled backup to occur, or you can manually create a new backup
by selecting Back up now.
o If you have created a backup before, but want to make a new, full
backup rather than updating the old one, select Create new, full
backup, and then follow the steps in the wizard.

Note: Do not back up files to the same hard disk that Windows is installed on.
For example, it is not proper to back up files to a recovery partition rather
always store media used for backups like external hard disks, DVDs, or CDs
in a secure place to prevent unauthorized people from having access to your
files. You can consider a fireproof location separate from your computer.

Recommended Backup Apps:

1. EaseUS Todo Backup Free
2. Cobian Backup
3. Paragon Backup & Recovery
4. FBackup
5. Google Drive
6. OneDrive
7. Dropbox

4 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

2. Remove Unused Programs

2.1. Click Start, and then click Control Panel.

2.2. Double-click Add or Remove Programs. The Add or Remove Programs window
opens.
2.3. Select the program you want to remove, and click the Change/Remove
button.

Recommended Uninstaller Apps:

1. Revo Uninstaller
2. Wise Program Uninstaller
3. Geek Uninstaller

3. Run the Disk Clean-up Program

The Disk Cleanup program allows you to have frees space on your hard disk
drive by removing temporary and unused files like the Temporary Internet Files and
files in the Recycle Bin. You can run Disk Cleanup manually, or you can set it up to
run automatically.

3.1 Running Disk Cleanup manually

3.1.a Click Start, All Programs, Accessories, System Tools, and then click Disk
Cleanup. Disc Cleanup searches for files to delete and calculates how
much disk space can be saved.
3.1.b Choose the files to delete by placing a check mark in the check box next
to the file types listed.
3.1.c Click OK, and then click Yes to finish deleting the selected files.
3.2 Scheduling Disk Cleanup to run automatically
3.2.a Click Start, and then Run, and type the following into the open field (note
there is a space between the r and the /): cleanmgr /sageset:100
3.2.b Select the types of files that you want removed (for example, temporary
files, Temporary Internet Files, and the files in the Recycle Bin).
3.2.c Click OK to save the settings.
3.2.d Click Start, All Programs, Accessories, System Tools, and then click
Scheduled Tasks.
3.2.e Double-click Add Scheduled Task and then click Next.
3.2.f Select Disk Cleanup from the application list and then click Next.
3.2.g Accept the default task name or type a name for the task, select when
the task is performed, and click Next.
3.2.h Select the time and reoccurrence (if available) and click Next. Disk
cleanup may take a long time, so select a time when the PC is on but
not in use.
3.2.i Enter your login name and password and click Next.
If you do not have a password, leave the Password field blank and click
Next.
3.2.j Select Open advanced properties for this task when I click Finish and
click Finish.

5 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 3.2.k In the Run field of the Disk Cleanup window add /sagerun:100 at the
end of the path. For example: C:\WINDOWS\system32\cleanmgr.exe/sagerun:100
3.2.l Click OK and, if prompted, verify your password.
Disk Cleanup runs at the time you have set.

Recommended cleaning Apps:

1. CCleaner
2. SlimCleaner
3. BleachBit
4. FileCleaner

4. Run the Disk Defragmenter Program

To improve PC performance, use the Disk Defragmenter program. This groups
the fragmented files together on your hard disk drive. Files stored in your hard disk
drive are often divided into multiple pieces (or fragments) so they fit into available
space on the drive so every time you attempt to open a fragmented file it is retrieved
from more than one place, so the process takes more time but this does not affect
the location of files and folders on your PC.
NOTE: You can run Disk Defragmenter program unattended overnight for this may
take a long time to complete.

4.1 Open the Windows Task Manager by pressing the Ctrl key, the Alt key,
and the Delete key at the same time.
4.2 On the Applications tab, select all the programs that are listed, and then
click End Task. Close the Task Manager.
4.3 Click Start, choose All Programs, Accessories, System Tools, and then click
Disk Defragmenter.
4.4 In the Volume column, select the hard disk drive you want to defragment
(typically C:), and then click Defragment.

6 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 4.5 If Disk Defragmenter repeatedly starts, a hidden background program is
still accessing the hard disk drive. Restart the PC in Safe Mode and run
the Disk Defragmenter program again:
4.5.a Click Start, Turn Off Computer, and then Restart.
4.5.b Press the F8 key as soon as the first logo screen appears.
4.5.c On the Windows Advanced Options menu, use the arrow keys to
select Safe Mode and press the Enter key.
4.5.d Press the Enter key again to select the operating system.
4.5.e Log on to Windows. When the Desktop message appears, click Yes
to continue in Safe Mode.
4.5.f After Windows starts, use the previous procedure to run the Disk
Defragmenter program

Recommended Defragmentation Tools:

1. Smart Defrag
2. Auslogics Disk Defrag
3. Puran Defrag

5. Check for Hard Disk Drive Errors

First close all open programs before beginning the disk check then perform
the following procedure to check the integrity of the hard disk drive in Windows OS.
5.1 Click Start, and then click My Computer.
5.2 In the window that opens, right-click the hard disk drive that you want to
check, and click Properties.
5.3 In the Properties window, click the Tools tab.
5.4 Under Error-checking, click Check Now.
5.5 If desired, click the check box next to Automatically fix file system errors
and Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors.
5.6 Click Start. If prompted to restart, click Yes to restart the PC.

Recommended Disk tools:

1. TestDisk 10. VeraCrypt

2. EaseUS Partition Master 11. CrystalDiskInfo
Free 12. Recuva
3. WinDirStat 13. TreeSize
4. CloneZilla 14. HDDScan
5. OSFMount 15. Disk2vhd
6. Defraggler 16. NTFSWalker
7. SSDLife 17. GParted
8. Darik’s Boot And Nuke 18. SpeedFan
(DBAN) 19. MyDefrag
9. HD Tune 20. DiskCryptor

7 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

6. Run antivirus and spyware scans regularly.
Antivirus software must be installed in any computer that is connected to the
internet. AVG free to enterprise-level solutions antivirus software are available
which will monitor the system for threats in real time and also protect against
adware and spyware, but not all. If you just want an extra layer of security, AdAware
and SpyBot are two of the best known (and free!) products available. Use whichever
you like best and do make time to run a full scan every month at the least.

Recommended Antivirus Softwares:

1. McAfee AntiVirus 14. AVG Antivirus
2. Norton AntiVirus 15. Avira Antivirus
3. Kaspersky Anti-Virus 16. Norman Antivirus
4. Bitdefender Antivirus 17. Panda Security Antivirus
5. Webroot SecureAnywhere 18. EScan Antivirus
AntiVirus 19. Vipre Antivirus
6. Trend Micro Antivirus 20. Adaware By Lavasoft Security
7. ESET NOD32 Antivirus 21. TrustPort Antivirus
8. Malwarebytes 22. Total Defense Antivirus
9. Sophos Home 23. Pareto Logic Antivirus
10. F-Secure Anti-Virus 24. F.Prot Antivirus
11. G Data Antivirus 25. Zone Alarm Antivirus
12. Bullguard Antivirus 26. ViRobot Antivirus
13. Avast Antivirus 27. CyberDefender Antivirus

7. Update everything

8 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 Check for updates for your hardware and software. Run Windows Updates,
check for updated drivers, and software patches. You can go to the manufacturer's
website’s support section and look for a 'downloads' section or search for your
product's name. To solve a piece of hardware or software issues, be sure to check for
patches or updates - if other people have been having similar problems, it is likely the
manufacturer has released a fix for it.

Updating motherboard BIOS or Flashing a BIOS is an exemption to this and

can be difficult. If it is incorrectly done you may need to send the computer for
professional repair to get it working again. Follow the manufacturer's directions
carefully or else leave it alone.

Recommended Driver Updaters:

1. Driver Booster by IObit
2. DriverPack
3. Driver Talent

8. Clean dust from your computer.

A dusty computer will trap heat that can reduce its performance and lifespan.
Clean it by opening the case then take it outside, and blow the dust out using
compressed air then wipe the exterior of the case a damp cloth. You can also use
household cleaners but extra care is needed as they can easily destroy circuit boards.
Beyond just getting the dust out, consider disassembling and cleaning the CPU and
video card heatsinks if you're comfortable doing so, or at least using compressed air
to specifically blow them out. If there is sticky residue or dirt on the circuit boards use
a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol to remove it but make sure first that the
computer is unplugged.

9. Clean up your cabling, and everything else too.

Messy cables and dust bunnies (ball of dust) are probably two things behind
your computer. So clean your desk and floor as well for this will help prevent problems
and stresses on your computer ports. Consider using cable management by simply
organizing cables using cable ties or cheap cable wraps.

CRT screens must be cleaned too with the use of dampened cloth or a product
specifically made for LCD screens. While keyboards can be turned upside down to
remove crumbs and dirt, keys can be pried off and the whole assembly can be cleaned
with compressed air. Check also if your computer has adequate ventilation, out of
direct sunlight and away from heat sources. Have a good surge protector and battery
backup. Smoking will make a mess of a computer faster since its electronics parts
absorb the smell very easily and even an all-metal case will retain the odor. A layer of
dust and tar on the circuitry can also be developed.

10. Other tools for PC maintenance

10.1 System Information Tools- A free tool that allows users to view
information about the computer, its hardware, drivers, and software
related data included with Microsoft Windows.

9 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 10.2 CHKDSK- a command that can fix any disk errors which shows the
status of the scan and what actions were taken after the command is
executed

10.3 /VERIFYONLY: a command that check the integrity but don’t repair
the files.
10.4 /SCANFILE: a command that scan the integrity of specific files and fix if
corrupted.
10.5 /VERIFYFILE: a command that verify the integrity of specific files but
don’t repair them.
10.6 /OFFBOOTDIR: a command that use this to do repairs on an offline
boot directory.
10.7 /OFFWINDIR: a command that use this to do repairs on an offline
Windows directory.
10.8 /OFFLOGFILE: a command that specify a path to save a log file with
scan results.

11. Check the network connectivity

11.1 Ping command a networking utilities most often used for detecting
devices on a network and for troubleshooting network problems. When
you ping a device you send that device a short message, which it then
sends back (the echo).

11.2 ipconfig Command is used for finding network information about your
local machine like IP addresses, DNS addresses etc

10 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 11.3 getmac Command is a command that shows the MAC address of your
network interfaces.

11.4 arp Command is used for showing the address resolution cache. This
command must be used with a command line switch arp -a is the most
common.

11.5 NSlookup is used for checking DNS record entries.

11.6 Nbtstat is a diagnostic tool for troubleshooting netBIOS problems.
11.7 Net Command is used for managing users,service,shares etc
11.8 Netstat Command is used for displaying information about tcp and udp
connections and ports.
11.9 TaskKill Command is used to view a list of running tasks using the
tasklist command and kill them by name or processor ID.
11.10 PathPing is an advanced version of ping that’s useful if there are
multiple routers between your PC and the device you’re testing.
11.11 Tracert is used to determine the path taken to a destination by sending
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request messages to the
destination with incrementally increasing Time to Live (TTL) field
values.

What’s More

Activity 1: Make your own Computer Maintenance Checklist or Monitoring

Plan. Write it on a separate sheet.
RUBRIC
Criteria Points Score
A. Applicability 40%
B. Organization 30%
C. Originality 20%
D. Timeliness 10%
TOTAL 100%

11 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 What I Have Learned

What I Can Do

Task: Ask permission to the office of the Barangay that you are going to render
service in your community. (This activity is subject to local IATF
protocols.)

Note: You can use the Service Rendered Form below or the form provided by your
teacher that can serve as Means of Verification of computer services that are
being practice in your school. Do not forget to take picture as a documentation
of the activities performed.

RUBRIC

Criteria Points Score

Performs the task with
complete MOVs (Pictures &
100
Service Rendered Form) with
a remarks of SOLVED
Performs the task with 90
complete MOVs (Pictures &
Service Rendered Form) with
a remarks of NOT SOLVED
Performs the task with 80
incomplete MOVs e.g. only
Pictures being submitted
Did not perform the task 70

12 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 Assessment

TEST 1: Direction: Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is not correct.

______1. Cleaning of the cables on your PC is not necessary.

______2. A clean work area will improve your computer's performance or lifespan,
it will certainly improve your peace of mind, and clean cabling will help
prevent snags and stresses on your computer ports.
______3. Computers are some of the most efficient dust collectors known to man.
______4. Disabled updates of your hardware and software can improve
performance of your PC.
______5. A license antivirus is recommended on your PC.
______6. Checking Hard Disk Drive Errors is not important in PC maintenance.
______7. Do not run the Disk Defragmenter Program because it can decrease the
lifespan of your PC.
______8. The Disk Cleanup program frees up space on your hard disk drive.
______9. Removing unused program on your PC can improve performance on your
PC.
______10. Creating Data Backup Disk is not necessary on your PC.

TEST 2: Direction: Select a word or a word phrase in the box that best describes
the given statement. Write the answer in your notebook/answer sheet.

CHKDSK /SCANFILE: Patching /VERIFYONLY:

Antivirus Software Disk Clean-up System Information Tools
Defragmentation tools /VERIFYFILE: Computer maintenance

___________1. The practice of keeping computers in a good state of repair.

___________2. It is designed to free up disk space on a computer's hard drive.
___________3. It is a set of changes to a computer program or its supporting data
designed to update, fix, or improve it.
___________4. A computer program used to prevent, detect, and remove malware.
___________5. It is used to analyze hard drive errors and run repairs automatically.
___________6. A PC maintenance tool that will put all the data in sequence to make
it easier for the hard drive to quickly access.
___________7. A PC maintenance tool that provides all the information about your
PC software and hardware components. Such as speed and type of
CPU, GPU, RAM, Motherboard, and hard drive, etc.
___________8. A PC maintenance command prompt that checks the integrity but
do not repair the files.
___________9. A PC maintenance command prompt that scans the integrity of
specific files and fix if corrupted.

13 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

 ___________10. A PC maintenance command prompt that verifies the integrity of
specific files but do not repair them.
TEST 3 (Optional)
Task: Perform Schedule Disk Cleanup of a given PC provided by your teacher.
(This task is applicable only when face-to-face classes is approved and must
conform to local IATF protocols and conditions.)

RUBRIC

Actual
Criteria Points
Score
Performs the task with zero error 30
Performs the task with 1 error 25
Performs the task with 2 errors 20
Performs the task with 3 or more errors 15
Did not perform the task 0

It.
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

Task: (Optional) Perform to enable/disable the automatic updates of Windows

Operating System. (This task is applicable only when face-to-face classes is approved
and must to conform to local IATF protocols and conditions.)

RUBRIC

Actual
Criteria Points
Score
Performs the task with zero error 100
Performs the task with 1 error 95
Performs the task with 2 errors 90
Performs the task with 3 errors 85
Performs the task with 4 errors 80
Performs the task with 5 or more errors 75
Did not perform the task 70

14 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2 15
ASSESSMENT
TEST 1
1. F
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. F
7. F
8. T
9. T
10. F
TEST 2
1. Computer maintenance
2. Disk Clean-up
3. Patching
4. Antivirus Software What’s New
5. CHKDSK
6. Defragmentation tools 1. DEFRAG
7. System Information Tools 2. BACKUP
8. /VERIFYONLY: 3. UPDATE
9. /SCANFILE: 4. DISK CLEANUP
10. /VERIFYFILE:
ANSWER KEYS
References

Dube, Ryan, “21 CMD Commands All Windows Users Should Know”, Help Desk Geek,
accessed October 25, 2020, https://helpdeskgeek.com/help-desk/21-cmd-
commands-all-windows-users-should-know/

Haider, Karrar, “10 Best Maintenance Tools for Better PC Performance”, Hongkiat,
accessed October 25, 2020, https://www.hongkiat.com/blog/best-pc-
maintenance-tools-for-better-performance/

Wyciślik-Wilson, Mark Sofia, Cat Ellis, and Brian Turner. “The Best Free Backup
Software 2021: Save Your Files and Folders and Work for Free.” TechRadar.
TechRadar, September 15, 2020. https://www.techradar.com/best/best-free-
backup-software.

Image References
“Preventive Maintenance Services.” Quick N Easy PC Repair, November 9, 2017.
https://qnepcrepair.com/preventive-maintenance-computer-repair/.

16 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net

17 NegOr_Q3_CSS 12_Module 5-8_V2