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Topic - XAMPP Installation: Assignment - 2
Topic - XAMPP Installation: Assignment - 2
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Name : Preeti
Div : TY-C
Roll No : 69
Batach : B2
GR Number : 11811321
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Xampp Installation
1. What is XAMPP ?
XAMPP is an open-source, cross-platform web server that consists of a web server,
MySQL database engine, and PHP and Perl programming packages. It is compiled and
maintained by Apache. It allows users to create WordPress websites online using a local
web server on their computer. It supports Windows, Linux, and Mac.
It is compiled and maintained by apache.
The acronym XAMPP stands for :
● X – [cross platform operating systems] meaning it can run on any OS Mac OX ,
Windows , Linux etc.
● A – Apache - this is the web server software.
● M – MySQL - Database.
● P – PHP
● P – Perl – scripting language
● Apache: ihe open source web server Apache is the most widely used server
worldwide for delivery of web content. The server application is made available
as a free software by the Apache Software Foundation.
● MySQL/MariaDB: in MySQL, XAMPP contains one of the most popular relational
database management systems in the world. In combination with the web server
Apache and the scripting language PHP, MySQL offers data storage for web
services. Current XAMPP versions have replaced MySQL with MariaDB (a
community-developed fork of the MySQL project, made by the original
developers).
● PHP: the server-side programming language PHP enables users to create
dynamic websites or applications. PHP can be installed on all platforms and
supports a number of diverse database systems.
● Perl: the scripting language Perl is used in system administration, web
development, and network programming. Like PHP, Perl also enables users to
program dynamic web applications.
Alongside these core components, this free-to-use Apache distribution contains some
other useful tools, which vary depending on your operating system. These tools include
the mail server Mercury, the database administration tool phpMyAdmin, the web
analytics software solutions Webalizer, OpenSSL, and Apache Tomcat, and the FTP
servers FileZilla or ProFTPd.
2. Why use XAMPP ?
XAMPP provides an easy-to-use control panel to manage Apache, MySQL, and other
programs without using commands. To use PHP, we need to install Apache and MySQL.
It’s not easy to install Apache and configure it as it needs to be set up and integrated
with PHP and Perl, among other things. XAMPP deals with all the complexity to set up
and integrate Apache with PHP and Perl.
3. How to Install XAMPP?
1. Download XAMPP
Click the link to download Xampp for Windows:
http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-windows.html
2. Start Installation
XAMPP Installation is just like installing any other windows program. There are
however, a few things that we must note.
3. Click Next
4. Choose the Installation path
In the next screen, Change the installation path if required. Click Next
5. Check the necessary services
In the next screen select Apache and MySQL. You may optionally select FileZilla
(FTP Client) if needed. Click Install
6. Finish the installation
XAMPP Control Panel
Controls for the individual components of your test server can be reached through the
XAMPP Control Panel. The clear user interface logs all actions and allows you to start or
stop individual modules with a single. The XAMPP Control Panel also offers you various
other buttons, including:
● Config: allows you to configure the XAMPP as well as the individual components
● Netstat: shows all running processes on the local computer
● Shell: opens a UNIX shell
● Explorer: opens the XAMPP folder in Windows Explorer
● Services: shows all services currently running in the background
● Help: offers links to user forums
● Quit: closes the XAMPP Control Panel
Starting modules
Individual modules can be started or stopped on the XAMPP Control Panel through the
corresponding buttons under ‘Actions’. You can see which modules have been started
because their names are highlighted green under the ‘Module’ title.
Module administration
You have an ‘Admin’ option located on the Control Panel for every module in your XAMPP.
Click on the Admin button of your Apache server to go to the web address of your web
server. The Control Panel will now start in your standard browser, and you’ll be led to
the dashboard of your XAMPP’s localhost. The dashboard features numerous links to
websites for useful information as well as the open source project BitNami, which offers
you many different applications for your XAMPP, like WordPress or other content
management systems. Alternatively, you can reach the dashboard through
localhost/dashboard/.
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Hello World! Testing on Xampp
Code:
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Network Utilities
Network utilities are basic software tools designed for analyzing and configuring various
aspects of computer networks. They usually focus on one part of the network
connection or one kind of device. Most network utilities were designed for Unix
computer systems, but they’ve now been developed for use on all operating systems.
Network utilities help you keep your network functioning properly by allowing you to
check the various aspects of your network, such as connections between devices,
packet loss, and latency between connections. If a network issue arises, a network utility
can help you pinpoint the problem—whether it’s rooted in a particular connection, a
particular device, and so on—and troubleshoot it before it affects your services,
applications, and users.
Commands :
1. Ping
Ping is a basic networking utility that comes with your operating system. You can
use it to check whether an IP address can be reached. Using ping is simple: open
a terminal and type in the command ping. You can also use it through a web
interface as linked above.
Ping does two main things. First, it checks whether there’s a connection between the
machine you’re pinging from and another machine (or more specifically, another IP
address) on the network. Second, it looks at the speed of the connection, also known as
the latency time. The latency time is the round-trip time, or the time a packet takes to
reach the other IP address and return, measured in milliseconds.
2. Netstat
Another useful command-line network utility is netstat. Netstat, short for
“network statistics,” allows you to display the network connections for TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). Essentially, it
lets you check whether the connections exist, and provides statistics to show
how the connection is performing. The netstat command will show a list of TCP
connections, the IP address of your computer, the IP address of the device the
connection goes to (the foreign IP address), the port numbers of both, and the
TCP state.
3. Nbtstat
Nbtstat is a primarily diagnostic network utility. It uses NetBIOS over TCP/IP, a
protocol for allowing old NetBIOS applications to be run on a TCP/IP network. If
there’s a problem with NetBIOS over TCP/IP, you use nbtstat to troubleshoot it.
Nbtstat has several features, including providing statistics for the NetBIOS over
TCP/IP protocol; showing NetBIOS name tables for local and remote computers;
and displaying the NetBIOS name cache. When NetBIOS over TCP/IP is working
properly, it resolves the NetBIOS names to IP addresses. So, if your names and
addresses aren’t being resolved, nbtstat may help you diagnose and address the
problem.
4. IPconfig
IPconfig is an application run on the console used for displaying information on
TCP/IP configuration and information pertaining to the DNS and DHCP (Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol).
5. Tracert
Tracert, also known as traceroute, is another basic networking utility. You can
access it through the command line on most operating systems.
Tracert is useful in a similar way to ping, in that it looks at the connection
between the sender and the destination. Unlike ping, however, tracert provides
details on all the “hops” the packet went through to get to the destination,
including switches and routers, along with the IP address and DNS information
of each. It then breaks down the information of each hop to show the latency
between points.
6. ARP
ARP stands for “Address Resolution Protocol.” It’s used to determine the MAC
address associated with a particular IP address. You can use the ARP network
utility to display the ARP table, which shows the mappings between IP and MAC
addresses.
7. Pathping
Provides information about network latency and network loss at intermediate
hops between a source and destination. Pathping sends multiple Echo Request
messages to each router between a source and destination over a period of time
and then computes results based on the packets returned from each router.
8. Route
The route command allows you to make manual entries into the network routing
tables. The route command distinguishes between routes to hosts and routes to
networks by interpreting the network address of the Destination variable, which
can be specified either by symbolic name or numeric address.
● Command name – route \?
● Command name – route print
9. Nslookup
Nslookup is a network administration command-line tool available in many
computer operating systems for querying the Domain Name System (DNS) to
obtain domain name or IP address mapping, or other DNS records. The name
"nslookup" means "name server lookup".
● Command name – nslookup /?
● Command name – nslookup host
● Command name – nslookup -server
10. Getmac
DOS command used to show both local and remote MAC addresses. When run
with no parameters (ie. getmac) it displays MAC addresses for the local system.
When run with the /s parameter (eg. getmac /s \\foo) it displays MAC addresses
for the remote computer. When the /v parameter is used, it also displays the
associated connection name and network adapter name.
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