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Background of The Study
Background of The Study
Coping may seem to be a simple word with a deeper meaning, the word coping applies
to every individual from birth to the older stage of life. As everyone fights their own battle,
especially in this time of the pandemic, coping is the best word to fight all the negative
thoughts, emotions, and physical struggles. The Senior High School learners who
experienced this pandemic learned different ways to cope with the experiences affecting their
COVID-19 pandemic does not deal only with older people but also with learners.
Facing the pandemic gave every individual a roller coaster kind of emotion. Senior High
School Grade 12 students who are also affected, experience to feel mental health issues as
they are worried for their parents, family, and friends who are affected and will be affected by
the virus.
We need to address this gap to inform people that suffering from anxiety will never be
a joke and this study will help them to cope with the stressful life they are facing right now.
Grade 12 students of (DBAIHS) are in struggle as they are isolated physically, which means
they are no longer allowed to attend their classes physically, there is also a case where a
student attempt to kill her/himself because of too much depression. All of these are reasons to
The rationale of our study is to be a model and lesson to everyone. Learning some new
ideas about coping mechanisms is important because it teaches us how to deal with difficult
situations and helps us become more resilient. So whatever problem comes our way in the
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PARADIGM OF THE STUDY
The researchers want to know The Coping Mechanism among Grade 12 students (2
males and 5 females) of Don Benito Agro-Industrial High School (DBAIHS) under the
COVID-19 pandemic.
INPUT OUTPUT
1.3 Section
• Analyzing and
2. What are the different
coping Interpreting the Data
mechanisms/strategies
used by the Senior High
School (Grade 12)
students?
3. Is there a significant
relationship between the
coping mechanism of
Senior High School
(Grade 12) students
pertaining to their age,
gender and level of
academic performance?
2
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Researchers have a Theoretical point, which is used to design the research studies and
how person and situation factors influence cognitions, feelings, and arousal, which in turn
affect appraisal and decision processes, which in turn influence aggressive or non-aggressive
behavioral outcomes. (Johnie,2018) This theory is about the coping mechanism among Grade
Our research study focuses on the relationships between the processes connecting the
coping mechanism among Grade 12 students of (DBAIHS) under the COVID-19 pandemic.
It is also interesting to understand how these theories interact with each other and affect
together.
3
SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The scope of our study is particularly on which may include factors such as age,
sex, and section. We are doing this study to find out what are the effects on coping
mechanisms among Grade 12 students of DBAIHS under the COVID-19 pandemic. The
research was conducted during the second semester of School Year 2021-2022. The venue
where we had our inquiry and investigation is where a reception was given at one’s home
This study is limited only to the Grade 12 (2 males and 5 females), students in
Barangay Malokiat with a population size of 8 students with a margin of error of 15% which
N
n= 2
1+ N e
Where:
n = sample size
N = population
e = margin of error
Solution:
8
n=
1+8 ( 0.15 )2
8
n=
1+8 ( 0.0225 )
8
4 n=
1.18
n=6 . 78∨n=7
ASSUMPTIONS OF THE STUDY
The researchers assumed that addressing the coping mechanism will bring a positive
effect on the mental health issues of Grade 12 students (2 males and 5 females).
For some reason, coping mechanism is the best word to fight all the negative thoughts,
struggles, and physical struggles. Most of all, it can be more effective and helpful for the
Grade 12 students who are suffering from depression because of some reason about their
It was assumed that students were honest in responding to the questionnaire regarding
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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study aims to know The Coping Mechanism among Grade 12 students of Don
Benito Agro-Industrial High School under COVID-19 Pandemic. This study will be able to
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Section
2. What are the different coping mechanisms/strategies used by the Senior High
School (Grade 12) students pertaining to their age, gender and level of academic
performance?
6
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
With this study, we see how coping mechanisms affect the Academic Performance of
Grade 12 students (2 males and 5 females) in Don Benito Agro-Industrial High School. And
Students – are the main reason why we conducted this research study. It aims to provide
more knowledge about coping mechanisms for the Grade 12 students who are facing modular
Teachers and Faculty of DBAIHS – this study will help them to know what the effects of
coping mechanisms on their student’s academic performance and they are will also know
why other students can’t be able to submit their modules on time of retrieval.
Parents/Guardians – it is for them to know how their children goes day by day. And what
Future Researchers – they well get an idea on how to be more effective researchers in the
future.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
emotions.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC – is a disease outbreak that spams several countries and affects a
DEPRESSION – (major depressive disorder) is a common and serious medical illness that
negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you act.
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CHAPTER II
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between resilience and well-being of
college students during the Covid-19 pandemic and to determine the moderating role of
coping strategies in this relationship. Resilience was defined based on the concept of Connor
and Davidson (2003), who defined it as an individual characteristic that allows an individual
to thrive in the face of adversity, coping strategies were categorized into approach or avoidant
coping strategies as measured by COPE Brief, and well-being was conceptualized based on
relationship between resilience and well-being. Approach coping strategy also showed
significant positive relationships with the three criterion variables: academic, social, and
mental well-being, indicating that the more a student employs approach coping strategy, the
On the other hand, the Avoidant coping strategy was negatively associated with
academic-related emotions, showing that the less the use of the Avoidant coping approach,
the more positive are the academic-related emotions felt by students during online classes.
However, both coping strategies failed to moderate the relationship between resilience and
well-being. It is recommended that schools implement programs and services that will train
understand effective ways of coping with living through the pandemic. This paper contributes
discourse as vulnerable, frail, and disposable in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We
shift from this negative perspective to focus on the psychosocial strengths and resiliencies of
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older adults. Resilience has many definitions and is difficult to measure. Previous research
suggests that older adults with high psychological resilience are better able to utilize
internalized recourses that may help buffer the negative effects of experiencing adversity.
Coping involves cognitive and behavioral strategies that individuals employ to deal
with or control stressful circumstances and can be impacted by multiple biological and
psychosocial factors including physical health, personality, spirituality, and social support.
stressor or situation. Regulatory coping refers to reflection about the stressor in order to
reduce its effects, such as reframing a stressor or adapting through a change in attitude,
Not all coping strategies are successful or helpful. Denial, for example, may not be the
most appropriate response to a problem, but is a frequently used cognitive coping strategy as
psychological distress during the pandemic, there have been calls for more research exploring
factors that help to buffer against or exacerbate experiences. This is particularly important
given there are projected long-lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic alongside limited
mental health resources available. However, there were inequalities in those who were more
younger adults, women, people from Black Asian Minority Ethic (BAME) groups, and
people living alone experiencing poor mental health. Differences in mental health responses
Therefore, understanding coping strategies could help to identify the social and personal
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resources required by individuals to mitigate psychological stress as COVID-19 continues,
strategies an individual employs to manage stress. Numerous coping strategies have been
identified, including self-distraction, active coping, denial, substance use, use of emotional
There is much debate as to whether certain strategies are more beneficial than others.
For example, avoidance strategies may be helpful in reducing short term stress but are
generally considered harmful from the perspective of physical well-being as no direct actions
are taken to reduce the stressor, leaving the individual to feel helpless or self-blaming.
Therefore, this study examined predictors of coping strategies amongst adults during
of coping strategies align with usual predictors not during a pandemic, (ii) whether
psychosocial factors including individuals’ roles during the pandemic, their living situation
and their health status affected their use of coping strategies, and (iii) whether specific
adverse experiences during the pandemic predisposed individuals to using more avoidant
coping strategies above and beyond trait sociodemographic and psychosocial factors.(M
Fluharty,2021)
Remote learning in the middle of the COVID-19 crisis poses hurdles to students but
also drives them to survive despite the number of challenging tasks they need to experience
every day. Thus, this study aimed to describe how Filipino students cope with challenges
related to remote learning in the middle of the COVID-19 Pandemic. The emerging themes
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Since a stable internet connection is highly needed but a challenge in remote learning,
the students, especially those from marginalized families, cope by looking for good space and
time. Cook (2019) suggested that finding a better spot for the wireless router will help gain a
higher broadband connection. It is interesting to observe that using Wi-Fi at night can also
avoid traffic in the Wi-Fi spectrum because fewer people are competing for air space. This is
in line with the results of the study by Masset et al. (2020) where students who do not have an
internet connection look for every possible alternative to pass their requirements.
Students also cope with remote learning by borrowing learning resources. Since course
tasks require laptops or computers, a common coping strategy is asking for help from the
family and other relatives who can immediately assist (Osife, 2017). Seeking support from
peers is another coping strategy. Gore et al., (2014) maintain that students who experience
stress under a remote learning program often find social support from their friends. This is
congruent to the research of Bosco (2020) that students create strong relationships. It helps
Approaching the teachers is also one way of coping with bulks of lesson activities. This
e-learning initiatives aimed at providing venues for students to peer-tutor and communicate
with their teachers regarding concerns in subjects (Talbot, 2007). In this case, virtual
mentoring has also become a basic education service used as a way of providing advice and
guidance to students who are new to remote learning (Barrett & Lilly, 2000).
With regards to accomplishing lesson activities, the students cope by practicing time
management, doing learning tasks ahead, and extending the time for learning tasks. These
three coping strategies are interconnected because time management makes time flexible for
other tasks. J’ouvert (2020) suggested that students need to make a schedule of the tasks they
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need to accomplish to improve their time management skills including doing lesson activities
ahead and extending the time for learning tasks. She emphasized that students need to
Though remote learning poses serious educational problems, students still cope by
diverting their attention to leisure activities and merrymaking. This coping strategy is
correspondingly practiced by students who feel stressed in the study of Shams Uddin et al.,
(2013). Students were more likely to use recreational skill approaches to cope with stressful
events rather than through physiological or socio-psychological means. This type of students
is usually taking things slowly, organized, and can easily handle themselves when problems
Meanwhile, students beginning remote learning are more likely to feel uneasy about
higher expectations of teachers. However, they escape from this pressure and cope by
regulating themselves. These students must have cultivated a culture of identity management.
Breeches (2003) supports that identity management is a crucial strategy for individuals to
other words, they are flexible in regulating themselves, and less they are likely to feel
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
The researchers applied a descriptive research design to get the perception of the
students about the Coping Mechanism among Grade 12 students of DBAIHS under the
COVID-19 pandemic.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
information. The questionnaires such as name, age, and sex. The questionnaires also
were answered by Grade 12 students (2 males and 5 females) from Barangay Malokiat
Pozorrubio, Pangasinan.
The answers were analyzed and tabulated to determine the Coping Mechanism
among Grade 12 students of DBAIHS under COVID-19 pandemic who enrolled this School
Year 2021-2022.
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CHAPTER IV
The chapter discusses the results and discussion from the 7 questionnaires who
answered by the Senior High School Grade 12 students (2 males and 5 females) from
Barangay Malokiat, Pozorrubio, Pangasinan. The purpose of this study is to determine The
Coping Mechanism among Grade 12 students of Don Benito Agro-Industrial High School
The information from the respondents was gathered, tallied, studied, interpreted, and
analyzed.
f
P= ×100=%
n
Whereas:
P = percentage
f = number of respondents
answers
N = Total number of
respondents
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Table 1
Profile of respondents
n=7
AGE FREQUENCY (F) PERCENTAGE (%)
17 1 14%
18 6 86%
Table 1 represent the total number of respondents by their Age and Percentage.
The table showed that among 7 respondents; 86% (6) are age of 18 years old, while
14% (1) is age of 17 years old. Based on the result, majority of the respondents are age of 18
years old.
Table 1.1
n=7
GENDER FREQUENCY (F) PERCENTAGE (%)
Female 5 71%
Male 2 29%
Table 1.1 represent the total number of the respondents by their Sex and Percentage.
The table showed that among 7 respondents, 71% or 5 are female and 29% or 2 are
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Table 2
Level of Academic Performance of the Male Performance
n =2
DESCRIPTIONS FREQUENCY (F) PERCENTAGE (%)
TOTAL 2 100%
The table 2 represent the total number of the male respondents by their level of Academic Performance and Percentage.
The table showed that among 2 male respondents got a 100% which is equivalent to
very satisfactory.
Table 2.1
Level of Academic Performance of the Female Performance
n =5
DESCRIPTIONS FREQUENCY (F) PERCENTAGE (%)
Outstanding 4 80%
TOTAL 5 100%
Table 2.1 represent the total number of the female respondents by their level of Academic Performance and Percentage.
The table showed that among 5 female respondents, 80% (4) are outstanding and 20%
(1) is very satisfactory. Based on the result, majority of the female respondents are
outstanding.
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Table 3
Percentage weighted mean among the Grade 12 students in The Coping Mechanism
among Grade 12 students of Don Benito Agro-Industrial High School under COVID-19
pandemic.
n=7
GENERAL FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK
AVERAGE (F) %
AMONG THE
STUDENTS
90-95 above 4 57% 1
85-89 3 43% 2
80-84 0 0% 3
75-79 below 0 0% 4
The table 3 shows the total number of respondents by their General Average and Rank.
The table 3 represents the Percentage Weighted Mean (PWM) among the Grade 12
students in The Coping Mechanism among Grade 12 students of Don Benito Agro-Industrial
High School under COVID-19 pandemic. It can be seen in the table that 57% or 4 of the
respondents got the General Average of 90-95 and 43% or 3 of them also get 85-89 in their
all subjects that means to say that there is no impact among students because they all passed.
LEGEND:
Satisfactory 80-84
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APPENDICES B
TALLY OF QUESTIONNAIRES
n=7
time.
for a while.
by drinking more.
somehow.
angry/depressed.
and/or strength.
APPENDICES C
RESULT OF THE SURVEY
n=7
19
120%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10
The Bar Graph represents among the 7 respondents (2 male and 5 female), ages from
17-18 years old and limited only from Barangay Malokiat, Pozorrubio, Pangasinan. The
Question #2, Got away from things for a while, 42% answered occasionally.
Question #3, Tried to find out more about the situations, 57% answered occasionally.
Question #4, Tried to reduce tension by drinking more, 71% answered not at all.
Question #6, Made a promise to myself that things would be better next time, 100%
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Question #7, Prepared for the worst, 57% answered fairly often.
Question #9, Took it out on other people when I felt angry/depressed, 100% answered not at
all.
Question #10, Prayed for guidance and/or strength, 100% answered fairly often.
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CHAPTER V
This study presents the draw conclusions based on the findings of the study presented in
the previous chapter. The recommendations of the study are also presented in this chapter.
Summary of Findings
• The 2 male respondents got a 100% on their level of Academic Performance, which
means that both are in the very satisfactory. While, among 5 female respondents, 80%
• We found out that 57% or 4 of the respondents got a General Average of 90-95 and
43% or 3 of them also got 85-89 in their all subjects, that means to say that the coping
mechanism among Grade 12 students give positive impact to the learners because
Conclusions
Most of the respondents are female. Majority of the respondents are 17-18 years
old.
(Grade 12) students are active cognitive strategies, active behavioral strategies,
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Recommendations
Students must know themselves even more especially in dealing with the
The teachers may serve as the stress coping mechanism of the students. They
must be open for their students by giving them advice on what is right thing to
do.
Parents should guide their children on how to cope with the stress that they are
experiencing.
Friends may encourage their fellow friends to handle stress in a better way.
For the future researchers they may add more indicators that will make this
research more reliable. Also, adding respondents will help their study to get
concise and precise information ‘s. They may also study about the cause and
effects of stress.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Brechees. (2020). The Impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on mental health of undergraduate
students in New Jersey, cross-sectional study. 15.
David and Connor. (2013). Academic distress, perceived stress and coping strategies among
dental students in Calamba, Laguna. The Calamba Laguna Journal, 97.
Finlay, J. M. (07 April 2021). Coping During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
of Older Adults Across the United States. 38.
J'ouvert. (2011). Coping With Stress:Strategies Adopted by Students at the Winneba Campus
of University of Education. 50-57.
Valladolid, V. C. (2021). The Role of Coping Strategies in the Resilience and Well-Being of
College Students during COVID-19 Pandemic. 41.
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL PROFILE
NAME: MONICA L. MOSADA
GENDER: FEMALE
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL PROFILE
GENDER: MALE
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL PROFILE
Gender: FEMALE
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL PROFILE
Gender: FEMALE
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL PROFILE
Gender: FEMALE
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
29
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL PROFILE
Gender: MALE
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL PROFILE
Gender: MALE
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
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