ADDIS ABABA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

Global affairs
Group 2 assignment

Group Members name ID.NO

1.Bereket Tadiwos ..................................... ETS0214/13

2.Bereket Tekle ..................................... ETS0215/13
3.Bereket Teklew ..................................... ETS0216/13
4.Bereket Nigusse ..................................... ETS0214/13
5.Bereket yohannes.................................... ETS02
6.Bereket misgina .................................... ETSO2
7.Bereket Gebregzi .................................... EYS02
8.Bereket Tesfaye ..................................... ETS02
9.Bikila Amenu ...................................... ETS02
10.Bereket Birhanu .................................... ETS02

2. Describe the similarities and differences between existing global debates.

One of the major debates around the world is globalisation.

The definition of globalization is broad. It conveys different meanings in different contexts because the
fundamental ideas of globalization are not born out of theory or philosophy; they are rooted in the
evolutional and historical events and aspirations of the people of the world. Globalization debate is a
stark difference of opinion on how the internationalization of businesses is affecting countries’ cultural,
consumer, and national identities.

There are three perspective of globalization:

1. The Hyper-globalists
2. The Skeptics and
3. The Transformationalists

Differences

Hyper-globalists:

 "hyberglobalizers" trumpeted a world of dramatic transformation and new global dynamics a

world dominated by corporations and technologies, where government has no real power and
people have no faith in traditional politics. Giddens argued that this debate is now a thing of the
past. "The debate now is about the consequences of globalization, not about the reality of
globalization."
 They claim that the world has entered a 'truly global age' legalizing the dominance of 'global
capitalism.
 They believe that global market and free trade poses a threat to the National economy and puts
an end to the nation state ‘as the primary unit of Political organization.
 This approach to globalization would allow cultural hybridization through global interaction
where there are no cultural distinction or physical borders between the nation states.

Skeptics:

 skeptics of the notion argued that the degree of global integration had been greatly exaggerated
and that there was nothing fundamentally new about the globalism that did exist. Global trading
markets, currency exchange, mass migration, passport-free travel, and an international
cosmopolitan culture were all features of the world 100 years before. This position appealed to
the traditional left, for if there were no change in the international environment, then there
would be no need for concurrent changes in institutions and no need for new left politics.

 question the effectiveness of trading blocs and views the issue through historic perspective.
Moreover, skeptics do not perceive globalization as a novelty and do not observe any global
changes. The world is just the same. And if the reference of worldwide trade is made, they
consider that most of exchange takes place at a regional level rather than global. For instance in
Europe, there exists EU as site and expression of globalization; in North America, there
 exist a trading bloc, NAFTA, ASEAN in Asia European Union, the Pacific Rim and other trading
blocs.

Transformationalists:

 They represent intermediary, more balanced stance towards globalization.

 They doubt the novelty of the phenomenon and view it as ‘an Historically contingent process
replete with contradictions’.
 Belief that globalization is reconstituting or reengineering the power, function and the authority
of the state.

Similarities

 In todays great globalization debate, all sides accept that the world has been transformed in a
fundamental manner. Currently we are witnessing much more cross-border trade in physical
commodities and an even more dramatic increase in trade services and information.
 They do agree about an intensification of 'global interconnectedness' and recognize the all-
pervasive nature of globalisation process.
 They explain the position and status of states and their partners in the era of globalization.
 There is a North-South gap .
 They believe that there is a Corporate power and inequality:
A corporate power has to be regulated and must be on a transnational as well as national level
and involve incentives as well as negative measures.

On the other hand, it is a fundamental mistake to demonize business, demonize corporations,

because corporate involvement is needed for investment and, under the right conditions,
corporate investment in poorer countries is wanted. The question is how to achieve that. It
would be stupid to simply say that corporate power should in some sense wholly be held back
from the developing world. It has aptly been said that the only thing worse than being exploited
by a multinational corporation is not being exploited by one. Corporate investment is wanted,
but only under regulated conditions.

Fundamentally, inequality comes from a cluster of other sources—corruption, the overextended

power of states, technological change, demographic change and disease, the spread of AIDS in
Africa. Globalization, engagement with the wider changes in the world, is as crucial for the less
developed countries as it is for the more developed ones. No country which has cut itself off
from the wider world has prospered.
 References
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279713086_Theorizing_Global_Studies
 Myint, Tun (2011) “Globalization and the Institutional Dynamics of Global Environmental
Governance,”
 Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MoSHE) Common Course Teaching Module
(2019) “Global Affairs,”
 Nikoloz PARJANADZE (2009) “Globalisation Theories and Their Effect on Education,”