Question No.

1:

What is psychology and what you get benefit from medical psychology in your life?

Answer:

Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and how it dictates and influences our behavior, from
communication and memory to thought and emotion.

It's about understanding what makes people tick and how this understanding can help us address many of the
problems and issues in society today.

As a science psychology functions as both a thriving academic discipline and a vital professional practice, one
dedicated to the study of human behavior - and the thoughts, feelings, and motivations behind it - through
observation, measurement, and testing, in order to form conclusions that are based on sound scientific
methodology.

Role of medical psychology in our daily life:

Advances in psychological, medical, and physiological research have led to a new way of thinking about health
and illness. This is reflected in the bio psychosocial model that views health and illness as the product of a
combination of factors including biological characteristics (e.g. genetic predisposition), behavioral factors, (e.g.
lifestyle, stress, health beliefs) and social conditions (e.g. cultural influences, family relationships and social
support). This conceptualization of health and illness has many scientific and practical benefits. At the top of
this list is the fact that people can reduce their risk of developing major medical problems, receive more
effective treatment, and reduce their health care cost when they seek treatment from an interdisciplinary team
including behavioral health providers. It is worth noticing here, that in the recent past, dealing with health The
services of the medical psychologist would be required in the following areas.

 Primary care
To provide important diagnostic interventions, and preventive services for the psychological problems in
primary health care, illness prevention, and behavioral health promotion.
 Secondary care
To give psychological assessments and diagnoses, psychological treatments, and rehabilitation. These
services are provided to a variety of age groups and special groups of patients. These would include
children, adolescents, adults, the elderly, and people with special needs such as those with learning
disabilities, the brain-damaged, and the mentally retarded.
 Tertiary care
A psychologist is a member of the treatment team caring for the psychological aspects of patients
suffering from acute and chronic life-threatening diseases such as cancer, respiratory and renal disease.
In addition, the role of clinical neuropsychologist in the identification, assessment, patient care and cognitive
rehabilitation of brain-damaged patients is increasing. Psychologists in hospitals and other health care facilities
may work independently, or as a part of a team.

Question No. 2:

What is unconscious? Give an example.

In Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, the unconscious mind is defined as a reservoir of
feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that outside of conscious awareness. Within this understanding, most of
the contents of the unconscious are considered unacceptable or unpleasant, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or
conflict. Freud believed that the unconscious continues to influence behavior even though people are unaware
of these underlying influences.

Example of unconscious in our daily life:

When you make a gesture automatically without thinking about it, this is an example of an unconscious gesture.
The unconscious can include repressed feelings, hidden memories, habits, thoughts, desires, and reactions.
Memories and emotions that are too painful, embarrassing, shameful, or distressing to consciously face are
stored in the enormous reservoir that makes up the unconscious mind.

Question No: 3

What is memory and three stores of multi stores of memory.

Answer:

Memory is our ability to encode, store, retain, and subsequently recall information and past experiences in the
human brain. It can be thought of in general terms as the use of past experience to affect or influence current
behavior whether that's soon after the information has been processed, or many years into the future. In other
words, Memory is the faculty by which the brain encodes, stores, and retrieves information. It is a record of
experience that guides future action.

While it's tempting to think of memory as computer storage or a tape recording that can be played back
perfectly at will, human memory is far more complex and changeable than that! Even our ideas of how memory
works have changed over the years. For example, did you know that during the 1960s, a theory known as cell
memory or cellular memory suggested that all cells in the body, not just brain cells, were capable of storing
memories.
Memory model:

Psychologists distinguish between three necessary stages in the learning and memory process: encoding,
storage, and retrieval (Melton, 1963). Encoding is defined as the initial learning of information; storage refers
to maintaining information over time; retrieval is the ability to access information when you need it. If you
meet someone for the first time at a party, you need to encode her name (Lyn Goff) while you associate her
name with her face. Then you need to maintain the information over time. If you see her a week later, you need
to recognize her face and have it serve as a cue to retrieve her name. Any successful act of remembering
requires that all three stages be intact. However, two types of errors can also occur.

Multi store model of memory:

The multi-store model of memory (also known as the modal model) was proposed by Richard Atkinson and
Richard Shiffrin (1968) and is a structural model. They proposed that memory consisted of three stores: a
sensory register, short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM).

The SR is where information from the senses is stored, but only for a duration of approximately half a second
before it is forgotten. It is modality-specific, i.e. whichever sense is registered will match the way it is
consequently held (for instance, a taste held as a taste).

However, if attended to, sensory information moves into the STM for temporary storage, which will be encoded
visually (as an image), acoustically (as a sound) or, less often, semantically (through its meaning). STM is
thought to have a capacity of 5-9 items and duration of approximately 30 seconds. This capacity can be
increased through ‘chunking’ (converting a string of items into a number of larger ‘chunks’, e.g. number
343565787 to 343 565 787).

Rehearsing information via the rehearsal loop helps to retain information in the STM, and consolidate it to
LTM, which is predominantly encoded semantically. Information can be stored and retrieved for up to any
duration, and equally has a seemingly unlimited capacity.
Question No. 4. What are psychosomatic diseases and what are the common psychosomatic diseases.

Answer: Psychosomatic disorder is a psychological condition involving the occurrence of physical symptoms,
usually lacking a medical explanation. People with this condition may have excessive thoughts, feelings or
concerns about the symptoms — which affects their ability to function well.

A common misconception is that a psychosomatic disorder is imaginary or "all in the head." In reality,
psychosomatic symptoms are real and require treatment, just as any other illness.

Unfortunately, the pervasive social stigma of psychosomatic illness prevents some people from seeking
treatment.1 Stigma is also present in research and medical communities, partly because of the health
professionals' own experiences.

Psychosomatic Symptoms

Learning about how mental and emotional stress manifests physically can be helpful in reducing the effects of
stress on your health. Common physical signs of stress include:

 Digestive issues
 Dizziness or shaking
 Headaches
 Muscle aches and pain
 Racing heart
 Elevated blood pressure

Types of Psychosomatic disorder:

These disorders may include the following:

 Somatization Disorder: A disorder in which a person experiences physical complaints such as diarrhea,
headaches, premature ejaculation, or ones that do not have a physical cause.
 Conversion Disorder: A disorder in which a person experiences neurological symptoms affecting their
movement and senses which do not seem to have a physical cause. Symptoms may include blindness,
seizures, or paralysis.
 Body Dysmorphic Disorder: An obsession or preoccupation with an imaginary or minor flaw such as
wrinkles, small breasts, or the size or shape of another part of the person's body. Body dysmorphic
disorder causes severe anxiety and might impact a person's ability to function as usual in their daily life.