Made in America: Unit 3

Unit 3 3
Made in America
Focus on ...
The American dream 99
Native Americans 125
The basics
Complex sentences 105
Job hopping
Minimum wages 116
Shuffle
Las Vegas 118
Digging deeper
What are sources? 114
How to …
Forms 110
Reading matters
A short story: The Secret
Life of Walter Mitty 119
Bizz app
International students 130
On the spot
97
Can you become a U.S. citizen?
Test your knowledge of the United States with these sample questions
from the ‘U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services naturalization test’.
If you wanted to become a U.S. citizen, could you pass it?
1) What is the economic system in the United States?
❐Capitalist economy
❐Socialist economy
❐Communist economy
❐None of these answers
2) Why does the flag have 13 stripes?
❐ Because the stripes represent the numbers of signatures on the U.S Constitution.
❐ Because the stripes represent the original colonies.
❐ Because the stripes represent the members of the Second Continental Congress.
❐ Because it was considered lucky to have 13 stripes on the flag.
3) Who vetoes bills?
❐ the Speaker of the House
❐ the Vice President
❐ the President
❐ the President Pro Tempore
4) Who is in charge of the executive branch?
❐ the Chief Justice
❐ the Prime Minister
❐ the Speaker of the House
❐ the President
5) What is the name of the national anthem?
❐ the Star-Spangled Banner
❐ God Bless the USA
❐ America the Beautiful
❐ My Country Tis of Thee
6) Under the Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?
❐ to provide schooling and education
❐ to print money
❐ to create an army
❐ to make treaties
7) What are the two major political parties in the United States?
❐ Democratic and Republican
❐ Reform and Green
❐ American and Bull-Moose
❐ Democratic-Republican and Whig
8) What are two rights of every US citizen?
❐ Freedom of worship and freedom to make treaties with other countries.
❐ Freedom of speech and freedom to run for president.
❐ Freedom to petition the government and freedom to disobey traffic laws.
❐ Freedom of speech and freedom of worship.
9) What is the capital of the United States?
❐ Washington, D.C.
❐ New York, NY
❐ Boston, MA
❐ Philadelphia, PA
10) What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?
❐ the House of Representatives and the courts a bill:
❐ the House of Lords and the House of Commons een wetsvoorstel
❐ the Senate and the courts an anthem:
❐ the Senate and the House of Representatives een volkslied
The actual civics test is not a multiple choice test but an oral test. During a naturalization interview, you
would be asked up to 10 questions from a list of 100 questions that you could study beforehand. You
would have to answer 6 out of 10 questions correctly to pass the civics portion of the naturalization test.
Besides these questions, a USCIS Officer would ask you questions about the reasons for your application
and your background.
98 Unit 3 Made in America

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1 Focus on … The American dream
1 Watch the basketball scene from the Pursuit of Happyness and

answer the questions.
1) What is Chris Jr.’s dream?
2) What’s Chris Sr.’s reaction at first?
3) On second thought, Chris reformulates his opinion. What does he say?
4) Did you see anything in the background while watching the clip?
5) Do you notice anything about the title?
2a Discuss the following questions in pairs. Then report your findings to the class.
• Who are the people that are depicted?
• What do you know about their backgrounds?
• What did they accomplish?
• Did it come easy to them?
• Do they have anything in common?
• What is the link between the people and the other pictures?
1 2 3
Middle-class, suburban President Obama

Arnold Schwarzenegger
American house
4 5 6
American Idol logo Steve Jobs Statue of Liberty
2b What can you say about the phrase?
UNITED STATES
Declaration of Independence
“W e hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are
to endow:
to give large gifts endowed* by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are
a pursuit Life, Liberty and the pursuit* of Happiness.”
a chase, search
Unit 3 Made in America 99

3 Discuss. Personal answer.
• From what you know, what have you always thought the American Dream was?
• Why do Americans claim it as their dream? Don’t Europeans or Asians have the same dream?
• Shows like the X-factor, the Voice and America’s got Talent often claim they make the American dream
come true for talented people. Do you agree?
4a Vocabulary exercise. Answer the questions.

1) Look at the words below, in the quiz they are underlined. What do you notice?
• a representative: a congressman or –woman or someone who represents others
• to represent: to stand for, to be equal of, to take the place of
2) Can you find two other underlined words in the quiz that match the definitions below and have the
same root?
• capital : the most important city of a country, where the government is seated
• capitalism : an economy that is based on private ownership and profit
3) In the grid below some words are filled in (English words in green, Dutch translations in grey). Can
you complete the missing words with the help of the word clouds? Use a green pen to complete
the English words. Use a pencil to complete the Dutch translations. If the words are not in the
word cloud, try to derive their meaning.
noun adjective adverb verb
the economy
1) ____________________ 2) economic 4) economically 6) to economise
(de economie)
economisch
(____________________) economisch
(____________________) besparen, bezuinigen
(____________________)
3) economical 5) economically
spaarzaam, zuinig
(____________________) spaarzaam, zuinig
(____________________)
7) a representative 8) representative (of)

___________________ 9) to represent
een volksvertegen-
(_____________________ (representatief) vertegenwoordigen,
(____________________
woordiger
______________________ ) ergens voor staan
____________________)
an executive
10) ___________________ 14) executive 15) to execute
___________________
(een kaderlid) uitvoerend, leiding-
(____________________ (uitvoeren)
een execution
11) ___________________
gevend
____________________)
(een uitvoering van een 16) to execute
___________________
plan) (terechtstellen)
an execution
12) ___________________
een terechtstelling
an executioner
13) ___________________
een beul

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noun adjective adverb verb
17) a coin 18) to coin money

een munt
(____________________) smeden
(____________________)
19) to coin words
woorden bedenken
(____________________)
20) politics 22) political 23) politically 24) to politicise

de politiek
(____________________) politiek
(____________________) politiek
(____________________) de politiek betrekken
(____________________
21) politician bij iets wat op zich
____________________)
geen politiek onder-
een politicus
(____________________) werp is
25) a capital 27) capital 28) to capitalise

een hoofdletter
(____________________) aanzienlijk, aanmer-
(____________________ met hoofdletters
(____________________
26) a capital kelijk
____________________) schrijven
____________________)
een hoofdstad
(____________________)
29) capitalism 30) capitalist (syn. 31) capitalistically

capitalistic)
kapitalisme
(____________________) kapitalistisch
(____________________) kapitalistisch
(____________________)
4b Complete the sentences with words from the grid above. Not all words are used and some
words are used twice if they have two meanings.
1) During a decade of … growth, millions of people rose out of poverty. economic
2) The painting was … in watercolour. executed
3) Millionaires like John D. Rockefeller are exemplary of America’s early … . capitalism
4) An … weak Europe cannot be a diplomatically and militarily strong Europe. economically
5) For some reason, students no longer like to be elected class … in 11th representative
grade, whereas in 7th grade they are still very eager.
6) Driving alone in your car for 300 miles has always been … nonsense. economical
7) The terrorists threatened to … the hostages if their demands weren’t met. execute
8) We’ll have to trust the surgeon and his team on the perfect … of the execution
operation and hope for the best.
9) While trying to be … correct, people often avoid mentioning race when politically
describing a person, even if it’s the most obvious characteristic.
10) Shakespeare … the word ‘lacklustre’, which means ‘without brilliance, coined
vitality or shine’ in his play ‘As you like it’.
11) To some people it still comes as a surprise that Washington D.C. and not
New York is the … of the US. capital
12) She thought it looked classy for DeLeon to be spelled as one word, with
a … in the middle. capital
13) The sample in this poll may not be very … of the population, so you could representative
doubt its value.
14) She took out some large dollar notes and three one-dollar … . coins

5 Read the text and answer the questions.
Millennials Put
Their Surprising
Stamp on the
American Dream
Shaped by the times, Millennials dream
about travel and self-employment – and
staying far off the corporate ladder*.
1 Every generation 45 investment results and crumbling

puts its stamp pensions. It seems the Great Recession
on the American left its mark. As a group, Millennials
Dream. But none prize job mobility, flexible schedules,
5 have re-engineered any work that is more interesting than
the term quite 50 punching a keyboard, and the ability to
like Millennials, travel and be with friends. Millennials
who mostly want (11%) are far more likely than boomers
to travel and not (3%) to identify close friends as part
10 work slavishly for of their family. To an extent, they are
the man. 55 starting to get what they want at the
The American Dream has been part office.
of our culture since the 1930s, and has Many find this new worldview
at times referred to home ownership, troubling. If a recent Millennial-
15 a good job, retirement security, or focused Rolling Stone article
each generation doing better than the 60 championing a socialist agenda is
last. Now comes a new young adult anywhere near correct, the worriers
population to say it means none of that; may have a point. The author is looking
the dream is really about day-to-day for the second coming of Karl Marx “to
the corporate ladder: 20 control of your life. grow old in a just, fair society, rather
the hierarchy within a In a new poll, 38% of Millennials say 65 than the economic hellhole our parents
company travel is part of the American Dream, have handed us.” He wants guaranteed
biennial:
happening every second
exceeding the 28% who name secure jobs, government-supplied minimum
year retirement. They identify the dream of income, real estate confiscation* and
to come of age: 25 homeownership at a far lower rate than more.
to reach a certain age Gen X and baby boomers. 70 The argument is absurd and grossly
that marks a transition to Meanwhile, 26% of Millennials cite self- overstated*. But it points up how
maturity
a foreclosure:
employment as part of the dream – more different the landscape is for young
when the bank takes back than Gen X (23%) and older boomers adults today, and the growing level of
property because the 30 (16%), according to MassMutual’s third frustration that has emerged since the
money owed for the prop- biennial* study “The 2013 State of the 75 recession. A true American Dream has
erty has not been paid American Family”. to feel attainable, and many Millennials
lackluster:
dull, ‘blah’, without vitality.
These attitudes make a lot of sense in the aren’t feeling they can attain much more
Shakespeare first coined context of the era that Millennials have than a day-to-day lifestyle that suits
the word ‘Lackluster’. 35 come of age*. Home ownership? Many them.
a confiscation: of them saw the foreclosure* crisis up 80 They aren’t alone, by the way. Some
repossession by the gov- close. A good job? The rate of 16- to 45% of older boomers agree that the
ernment
grossly overstated:
24-year-olds out of school and out of American Dream is slipping away –
greatly exaggerated work is unusually high at 15%. Many up from 30% two years ago. Boomers
a broad swath: 40 college graduates have taken jobs that still cling to the old American Dream
literally: a wide strip of don’t require a degree. 85 of financial independence (80%) and
land, here: a lot of people What about retirement security? Again, home ownership (78%). But for a broad
Source:
this generation has seen the retirement swath* of the population those dreams
www.time.com hopes of its parents fade with lacklustre* too are starting to feel elusive.

Shuffle T his
1) In the left hand column you will find the underlined words from the text. Match them with their
explanations in the column on the right hand side.
1) to refer to a) to recognise and correctly name someone or something
2) a poll b) to go beyond expectations, or to go too far
3) to cite c) what you earn from a college or university after passing all the courses
4) an era d) to need
5) to identify e) to promise that something is true or will happen
6) to exceed f) a questionnaire / survey done to gather information about a subject
7) a rate g) to come out, to appear
8) to require h) to accomplish, to achieve, to reach
9) a degree i) to make a reference to whoever said something and give them credit, to
quote
10) to guarantee
j) to hold firmly, usually with one’s hands
11) to emerge
k) to enjoy and feel comfortable with it
12) to attain
l) a period marked by distinctive character, e.g. the … of the dinosaurs
13) to suit you
m) a certain quantity or amount
14) to cling to
n) to relate to something
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 9 9 1010 1111 12 12 13 1314 14

i f a l n b m d c e g h k j
2) In exercise 4a you learned about derivatives, words that are formed from existing words. Do you
understand the derivatives in this text?
a) If biennial means ‘occurring every two years’, then … means ‘relating

to a span of 1000 years’. millennial
b) You hope your money is secure in a bank. Knowing it is safe there, gives
you a feeling of … . security
c) As long as the dream is … , it is within reach and not too difficult to
achieve. When you arrive at it, you attain it. attainable
d) To populate a country means that the country is filled with inhabitants.
These inhabitants are then called this country’s … . population
e) When you have worked long enough, you can retire. This period in your
life is called … . retirement
3) Which three generations are named in the text? Write them down in the correct order.
Born
Name
between
1946-1965 Baby boomers
1966-1976 Generation X
1977-1994 Millennials or generation Y
1995-2012 Generation Z
(This one is not mentioned, but what do you think?)

4) The text contains quite a few statistics. Some are represented in the bar chart below, but it is
incomplete.
a) Complete the labels on the x-axis.

b) Complete the labels of the legend.
90 %
80 %
70 %
60 %
50 %
40 %
30 %
20 %
10 %
0%
Travel Secure Home Self Friends as part

retirement ownership employment of family
Baby boomers Generation X Millennials
c) If the graph has no bars for certain data, does it mean the value is 0 or that the value is
unknown?
d) Could you estimate what the bars would look like for the missing value, after having read the text?
5) Reread the text. Are these statements true or false, according to the text? Corrrect the false ones.
T F
a) The American Dream has always been part of American culture.
X
It has been part of American culture since the 1930s.
b) The American Dream is no longer about having your own house, a good job and
being financially independent after your retirement. X
At least for the Millenials. For them it is also about being able to travel.
c) Home ownership doesn’t appeal to Millennials because many of them saw how
their parents, neighbours, family were forced out of their houses when they
couldn’t afford to pay the mortgage anymore. X
Many saw the foreclosure crisis up close.
d) Millennials don’t like to have a job at all.
Many graduates have taken a job that doesn’t require a degree. They value job X
mobility, flexible schedules and self-employment, rather than working for a boss
(Working slavishly for the man.)
e) The author of the recent Rolling Stone article would rather live in a socialist
society than in the society he inherited from his parents. X
The author is looking for the second coming of Karl Marx ‘to grow old in a just,
fair society, rather than the economic hellhole our parents have handed us.

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6 Discuss. Personal answer.

• Do you understand the Millennial Generation?
• What would be most important to you in your future life: homeownership, self-employment, travel or
secure retirement. Rate them in order of importance. Then, compare with your neighbour. Does she /
he have the same priorities?
• Since you belong to Generation Z, how would you re-engineer your own American dream? Would you
add any elements?
2 The basics It isn’t complex!
7a Read the text The Grand Canyon explained for children and mind the text structure. Then
What do you get where you mix erosion, How did this great gash in the Earth
volcanoes, a hot and dry climate and the happen?
Colorado River? Water is responsible for most of the
If you’re really lucky and have a lot of time erosion. Lots of water flows through the
– at least a million years – you get the Colorado River, and it has done so for a
Grand Canyon. It is located in Arizona. long time. When it rains in the desert-
This huge hole in the ground shows the country of the Grand Canyon, the baked
Earth right down to the bone. The Grand dirt quite often cannot take the moisture
Canyon is gigantic. It is the eleventh in. The rainwater begins to run down
largest national park, but is the fourth toward the river, so flash floods are
largest in the continental US. It is 277 common. The flood water moves so fast
miles long. The width of the park varies that it topples rocks and boulders in its
from one end to the other, but in some path. Dirt is swept along, leaving behind
places it is 18 miles wide. All of the only hard rock formations. During the
acreage totals 1904 square miles! The harsh winters of the region, water seeps in
Grand Canyon is not just big around. It is the tiny cracks and crevices of the rocks.
also deep. It averages one mile in depth, When it freezes, it gets bigger. Then the
but parts of it are much deeper than that. rocks crack even more. Wind also adds to
Source:
http://kidsgeo.com/geology-for-
In fact, it is so big and so deep that it can the erosion process of the Grand Canyon,
kids/0078B-grand-canyon.php be seen from space! which is still changing every year.
1) The text above is a text about the Grand Canyon, written for children. What do you notice about the
underlined sentences?
2) Mark all the sentences you talked about in the previous exercise. Cut each sentence up in pieces
and write it down in the grid below. What do they all have in common?
subject verb rest of the sentence
It is located in Arizona
This huge hole in the ground shows the earth ...
The Grand Canyon is gigantic.
It is 227 miles long.
All of the acreage totals 1904 square miles.
Water is responsible for most ...

Simple sentences
Grammatically they are called simple sentences. They have only one clause.
e.g. The Rocky Mountains average 9,670 feet in height. They are located in the Western United States.
7b In the text you will also find a few longer sentences combined with ‘and’ or ‘but’ or ‘so’. Mark
them in another colour.
1) How many verbs does each of these sentences have? And how many subjects?
Each sentence has two verbs. Most sentences also have two subjects, but one subject can be left
out if it is the same in both sentences.
2) Which of the two sentences is more important?
Neither, they are equally important.
Complex - compound sentences

These sentences are called complex-compound sentences. They are made from two independent
clauses, that are equally important.
They are linked by coordinating conjunctions or linking words, as you already saw in unit 1. The
only function of the coordinating conjunction is to connect the clauses and indicate a very simple
relationship between them.
‘And’, ‘so’, ‘but’ and ‘or’ are the most common coordinating conjunctions.
e.g. The Rocky Mountains grew and volcanoes spewed out lava and ashes.
A mountain day may start sunny in summer but it frequently ends in formidable afternoon
thunderstorms.
7c Now study the sentences below, coming from the text.

1) First, cover up the part of the sentence that does not start with a word in bold. What do you notice?
These phrases cannot stand alone, they have no or a different meaning.
2) Then, replace the clause starting with the word in bold with the
phrase between brackets.
a) What do you get where you mix erosion, volcanoes, a hot and
dry climate and the Colorado River? (in the Grand Canyon)
What do you get in the Grand Canyon?
b) When it rains in the desert-country of the Grand Canyon, the baked dirt quite often cannot take
the moisture in. (During the monsoon season)
During the monsoon season, the baked dirt quite often cannot take the moisture in.
c) When it freezes, it gets bigger. (During periods of frost)
During periods of frost, it gets bigger.
3) Which clause in the original sentence is then the main clause?
The one that was not replaced.

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Complex sentences with subordination

These sentences are complex sentences with subordination. One clause, the main clause, is
grammatically more important than the other clause, the sub clause.
Common linking words are divided into different categories.
Below you’ll find the overview from unit 1 p. 8. Some new important categories have been added!
1 Continuation
and also moreover too furthermore
2 Contrast
but however (al)though even though on the contrary
whereas rather than even on the other hand
3 Sequence
first(ly) second(ly) next then later
4 Time
until till since when as soon as while
after before as whenever
5 Cause / effect
because since due to thus therefore consequently
6 Condition
if, if … then if only unless in case even if whether or not
7 Manner
as if as though
8 Conclusion
to conclude finally so last of all in conclusion
It is important to use compound sentences if you want to make your writing interesting and more
detailed. It makes your writing ‘richer’ and takes it to a higher level. In reading it helps you to
understand how the parts of a sentence are connected.
e.g. Although the park is most famous for its large animals, a glimpse of a hummingbird can be
equally exciting.
8 Now, have a look at the following sentences from the Grand Canyon National Park newspaper.
It offers advice on hiking into the Grand Canyon. Since it is aimed at grown-ups, the style is more
difficult. Circle the most suitable conjunction.
1) Consider purchasing a trail guide at Park Stores rather … venturing down the trail. than / before
2) It takes twice as long to hike up … it does to hike down. as / although
3) Even … you are not hungry, you should eat often. if / whenever
4) … many trails are well marked, it is impossible to do so with all paths and Although / Unless
trails in the park.
5) … you may end up hiking in the dark unexpectedly, flashlights remain crucial. Even if / As
6) … hiking trails reach 95°F (35°C), you might consider shortening your plans. When / Whereas
7) … looking from the rim into the Grand Canyon everything looks close. When / Where
8) Turn around to return on your hike … you feel tired. even if / before
9) Hiking to the river and back in one day is not recommended … the long if only /due to
distances and extreme temperature changes.
10) Do not swim in the cold Colorado River … you will drown! if / because

9 Write complex sentences with the following snippets. You need two snippets for each sentence.
Don’t forget to capitalise and add punctuation. Be careful: there will be two snippets left!
ur right make sure you lock the door

library on yo s the school
you’ll see the after you pas
even though she only has a sma
rtphone to take pictures with
whereas I was alway
s pretty good at it
tographer
she dreams of becoming a pho
dress
for the red
I would go rather th
an buy th this tragedy wouldn’t have happened
e blue on
e
because they have a test tomorrow he wants to
if only s go to the c
omeone inema
om e h a d li stened to
u leave h his prob
before yo lems
my brother always had trouble learning English
1) Even though she only has a smartphone to take pictures with, she dreams of becoming a photographer.
2) My brother always had trouble learning English, whereas I was always pretty good at it.
3) After you pass the school you’ll see the library on your right.
4) I would go for the red dress rather than buy the blue one.
5) Make sure you lock the door before you leave home.
6) If only someone had listened to his problems, this tragedy wouldn’t have happened.
10 Complete the sentence with a suitable conjunction while choosing from the green box below.
Each conjunction is used only once and there are 3 conjunctions left.
as if – although – if – while – as – like – because – due to – as soon as – even if – until – since –

whereas – if only – before
1) Wait here … mum gets back. until

2) … he’d be begging on his knees, she says she doesn’t want him back. even if
3) … the snow was blocking all the roads, they closed the schools. because/as
4) … we’ve been friends for a long time, I had no idea she liked surfing. although
5) We’ve kept in touch … he left Australia. since
6) They were late … an accident happening right in front of them. due to
7) My headache was so bad. It felt … someone was sticking a knife behind as if
my eyes.
8) … you don’t mind, we’ll come with you. if

9) I’ll text you … the plane lands. as soon as
10) I’m going to get up early … I have so many chores to do before dad as / because
gets home.
11) It looks … those two guys are going to get into a fight. like
12) She said their relationship was wonderful … it lasted. while

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11 Link the given phrases together into a complex sentence with the help of a conjunction.
1) The flag of the United States has 13 stripes. The stripes represent the original colonies.
The flag of the United States has 13 stripes because they represent the original colonies.
2) The American colonies belonged to Great Britain. They became independent in 1776.
The American colonies belonged to Great Britain before they became independent in 1776.
3) The ocean on the West Coast of the US is the Pacific Ocean. The ocean on the East Coast is the
Atlantic Ocean.
The ocean on the West Coast of the US is the Pacific Ocean, whereas the one on the East Coast is
the Atlantic.
4) For Millennials the American Dream is about day-to-day control of their lives. For the older
generation it is about home-ownership.
For Millenials the American Dream is about day-to-day control of their lives while for the older
generation it is about home-ownership.
5) It rains in the Grand Canyon. The baked clay soil cannot take the water in.
When it rains in the Grand Canyon, the baked clay soil cannot take the water in.
6) Millennials prefer to travel. They don’t like to climb the corporate ladder.
Millenials prefer to travel rather than to climb the corporate ladder. (American English)
Millenials prefer travelling rather than climbing the corporate ladder. (British English)
12 Write a college application essay. Personal answer.

In the United States, you are not always automatically admitted to the university or college of your
choice. Therefore, most high school students apply to several schools by writing a personal essay, which
says a lot more about who you really are than your grades and test scores.
Read the example of Elijah’s college application essay. You’ll notice that he uses coordinating and
subordinating conjunctions throughout his essay. The conjunctions are underlined.
Outgrowing the Garage – Elijah

The air is tainted with fumes of grease, wood, and burnt electrical tape.
Oil slicks stain the floor. A workbench lies buried beneath papers, rulers
and cans. An uncomfortable growl pours from the water heater. Even
though most people wouldn’t describe my garage as pleasant, I love
spending my free time here. It’s where I built a 2 ft catapult in sixth grade
and a 4 ft catapult in seventh grade. Ever since I watched the film Iron
Man, I’ve spent weekends experimenting in my garage, trying to learn
everything I can about engineering and robotics.
Sure, outside of my garage I love wildlife and hiking, history, and
weird foods. I love classic rock, jazz, and maybe even secretly Katy
Perry. Nevertheless, I’ve always had a life plan centered on robotics:
go to a great college, learn robotics, build robots, get a Bernese
mountain dog, and live happily ever after in a beautiful forest home.
It seems strange that I’ve committed myself to robotics so easily
in spite of all the interests I have, but in reality, robotics combines
nearly all of them. Computer science, electrical engineering, and
mechanical engineering are crucial to the robot, but combine them
with biology, astronomy, music, or ecology, and that’s when robotics

becomes amazing. I could help the sick with robots that give surgeons
more ability while operating. I could help the poor with affordable,
robot-made products. I could aid the elderly, replace the limbs of
wounded warriors, and keep fire fighters from dangerous situations, all
with robots. Although these robots may not be the Iron Man suit that
first got me interested, I love the realistic and heroic possibilities in the
field of robotics.
Source:
https://apply.jhu.edu/apply/
But until my dream of building robots comes true, I will go on working
essays/ in my garage, competing for space with the family car.
Now follow the strategy below to write your own essay.
What? Write an essay in which you express why you think you are a good candidate.
Why? To prove you can write an essay to ‘sell’ yourself.
What matters? Text structure, grammar (compound and complex sentences?), spelling, content (Does
it give a true picture of who you are?), correct use of the tenses.
How? 1) Write down keywords / thoughts. E.g. interests, hobbies, school subjects you are
good at. What kind of personality do you have? What is the link between your
personality and these interests?
2) Look at how these key words are connected. E.g. Elijah loves normal teenage things,
nevertheless he wants to make a future in robotics. Do your keywords express a
contrast / reason / condition ?
3) Think about how you are going to organise your information. Create an outline.
4) Now, start writing your first draft.
o introduction: brief and memorable. The reader is drawn into the rest of the essay.
o body: several paragraphs explaining the main idea with examples.
o conclusion: one paragraph that summarises and ends the essay.
5) Use conjunctions to make your text look more professional and grown-up.
6) Try to be creative, original. Be honest and true to yourself.
7) Let someone else read it and correct any mistakes. Grammar and spelling mistakes
don’t make a good impression on the admissions board, nor on your teacher!
3 How to … Forms
13 Watch the clip and discuss afterwards. Personal answer.

• Have you already had to fill in forms?
• Why do people have to fill in forms?
• In which jobs you have to fill in a lot of forms?
• Do you think people have to fill in too many forms or is it a necessary evil?
14 Read the information about the people and complete the appropriate form for each person.
Jenny Hutch used to live at 28 Liverpool Road, Islington, London, London, N1 0RW. She was born on 23
September 1963. Recently she got a work offer to go abroad as an engineer at the IT support company Lucidica.
Her email address is J.Hutch@skynet.com and her mobile phone number is 0778 899 8877. Her job requires
frequent meetings with customers, therefore it is important that she pays enough attention to her looks. This
means regular visits to the beauty salon and the hair dresser. She is still single, because she broke up with her
fiancée before moving to Hong Kong. There, she shares a flat with a colleague in an area where lots of expats live.
The address is 18-19A, Fung Fai Terrace, Happy Valley, Hong Kong. 1

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Cecilia Barton is a young mother

of four, always on the lookout for a
bargain. Because with a big family
like hers, it is not always easy to
make ends meet. Especially since
she decided become a stay-at-home
mother after her 4th child was born.
She lives at 22 Stracey Rd, Norwich
NR1 1EZ. Her phone number is +44
1603 628005 and you can mail her at
CeciB@btinternet.com. 2
Mark Cooper is a student at

Hurstpierpoint College, College
Lane Hurstpierpoint, Hassocks, West
Sussex BN6 9JS. He is in his sixth
form and will be taking A-levels in
Applied ICT, Design and Technology,
and Computing. In July 2016 he
expects to be sitting his exams for
these A-levels. He lives at 15 Vicarage
Gardens, Horsham, West Sussex,
RH13 5UT and his phone number
is +44 1273 833636. He visited his
cousin Jenny in Hong Kong and
therefore he only got back to school
on 5 September this, which meant he
was two days late for the start of the
autumn term. However, he was back
in time to celebrate his 17th birthday
with his friends on 8 September. 3

15 You are going on a trip to the United States. You are all excited about it, but also rather nervous,
because you haven’t travelled extensively. What really worries you is the flight and how to get
through customs. Read the text below, it will give you some basic information about traveling by
air and going through customs.
The text has been jumbled. Read the paragraphs and highlight the linking words that mark the
transition from one sentence to the other. Also mark the words and / or sentences that mark the
beginning and end of the text.
a) After you’ve booked your flight, the only thing you need to do is to confirm it a few days in advance
and print your boarding pass. Don’t forget your national ID-card. But when you’ve booked a flight
to the US, you will need an ESTA document. Nowadays you can apply for it online. ESTA is short
for Electronic System for Travel Authorization.
b) It means you no longer need a visa but you can complete, apply and submit the ESTA document
online. Keep in mind that it is important to read carefully what you have filled in before pressing
the send button.
c) While completing a form, whether it is online or by hand, you don’t always need to fill in every
line. Only the fields with an asterisk are required. Sometimes you only need to tick the appropriate
boxes, sometimes you need to provide more factual information.
d) And finally, when you touch US soil and you’ve gone through all this paperwork and passed
through customs, you can start to enjoy your holiday!
e) Once all your preparations are done and you are on the plane you are not finished with filling in
forms! The flight attendants will give you the blue document below, so you can say whether you
have any goods to declare or not. You might want to complete it in in block capitals, so it is legible
for the customs officer.
f) Do you love traveling? Booking a flight has never been easier! Whether you fly with a traditional
or a low cost airline, the website may ask you to register. Sometimes you will have to pick a
username, which is often your email address, a nickname or your real name and then you’ll also
need a password. When you want to pay, make sure you are on a secure site. You can see this by
the padlock and the ‘https’ in the url.
1 1 22 3 34 54 6 5 6
f c a b e d
16 Some time before the landing a flight attendant hands out a blue customs document.
Complete the customs document with your own personal data and with the information you
find in your flight ticket and the hotel voucher. Personal answer.

U.S. Customs an
Border Protectiodn
Customs Declarat
Shuffle T his
19 CFR 122.27, 148

ion
.12, 148
.13, 148.110, 148.111
Each arriving tra , 1498; 31 CFR 531 FORM APPROVED
veler or responsi 6 OMB NO. 1651-0009
information (on ble family memb
ly ONE written er must provide
declaration per the following
1. Family Name family is required
):
First (Given)
2. Birth date Day Middle
Travalco Res #: 736329 3. Number of Fami
Month Year
Issued 16-May-14 4. (a) U.S. Street Ad
ly members traveling
with you
LAX-SPOR dress (hotel name/de
stination)
rd
12825 Ventura Bouleva (b) City
y, Lo s An gel s
Studio Cit 5. Passport issued
by (country)
(c) State
CA91604 6. Passport numb
er
SELS 7. Country of Resid
CONNECTIONS BRUS ence
8. Countries visite
d on this
s)
Total of 4 pax (4 adult trip prior to U.S. arr
ival
taxes at
tel accomodations and
9. Airline/Flight No
This voucher covers ho
. or Vessel Name
10. The primary pu
SPORTMEN’S LODGE re: 08-Jul-14 11. I am (We are) bri
rpose of this trip is
business:
rtu
Arrival: 06-Jul-14 Depa 82433 nging
(a) fruits, vegetable
Yes No
Ni gh ts: 2 Ho tel Re f: s, plants, seeds, foo
# of (b) meats, animals, d, ins ect s:
animal/wildlife produ Yes No
Run of House cts:
Room #: 2 Catergory: (c) disease agents, cel
l cultures, snails: Yes No
(d) soil or have been Yes No
an a farm/ranch/pastu
12. I have (We have) re: Yes
been in close proxim No
(such as touching or ity of
13. I am (We are) car handling) livestock:
rying currency or mo Yes No
instruments over $1 netar y
0,000 U.S. or foreig
(see definition of mo n equivalent:
netar y instruments Yes No
14. I have (We have) on reverse)
comm
(articles for sale, sam ercial merchandise: Yes
ple
or goods that are no s used for soliciting orders, No
15. Residents — the t con sid ere d pe rso nal effects)
total value of all
merchandise I/w goods, including
e have purchased commercial
gifts for someon or acquired abro
e else, but not ite ad
are bringing to th ms mailed to the , (including
e U.S.) is U.S.) and am/
Visitors — the total
value of all articl $
including comm es
ercial merchandis that will remain in the U.S.,
Read the instruction
s on the back of thi e is: $
items you must decla s form. Space is pro
re. vided to list all the
I HA
VE READ THE
FORM AND HA IMPORTANT INF
VE MADE A TR ORMATION ON
UTHFUL DECL THE REVERSE
ARATION. SIDE OF THIS
(Signature)
For Official Use Onl Date (day/month/ye
y
17
ar)
Your flight went fine, you’ve filled in your
customs declarations form, and now you
are ready to go through customs. Carry out CBP Form 6059B (10
/07)
the dialogue with your neighbour, using the
frame below. Add five questions of your own and switch roles when you’re finished.
Personal answer.
Customs officer Traveller
Welcome the traveller to country … and ask if Answer affirmatively and show them your
you may see his / her passport. passport.
Ask where he / she is coming from. Tell them where you’re coming from.
Ask for the purpose of their visit. Tell them the purpose of your visit. (I’m here on
business / visiting relatives / as tourist / … .)
Ask how long he / she is planning to stay. Tell them how long you will be staying.
Ask where they will be staying. Tell them where you will be staying.
Ask if they’ve ever been to X before. Answer the question.
… Answer the question.
Finish by asking if he / she has anything to Tell them you have nothing to declare.
declare.
Tell them to enjoy their stay. Thank the officer.

4 Digging deeper What are sources?
Once you have identified the main topic for your research, find one or more sources of background
information to read. These sources will help you understand the broader context of your research
and tell you in general terms what is known about your topic.
And don’t consider your butcher’s wife or your Russian cleaning lady as a reliable source, you’ll
need a little bit more effort to gather some useful information.
Where to look!?
a) the Internet
• Start with a simple search. Search engines, such as Google or Yahoo! are great places
to start when you’re first reading up on your writing topic. Be as specific as possible in
entering your search terms. “Dear Google can you please tell me something about drug
addiction” is not an example of a good search term. Use keywords instead, and be brief.
Terms such as ‘drug addicts’ or ‘drug addiction’ will produce much better results.
• Avoid Wikipedia! Encyclopaedias, such as Encyclopedia Britannica and InfoPlease.com are
excellent sources from which to gather material. But be careful of sites such as Wikipedia
that allow multiple users to edit! Wikipedia is a great starting point in terms of figuring
out what to search for, but double-check all of the facts by using credible sources of
information.
• Google Scholar is the place to be if you need scholarly literature about your topic.
b) the library
• Often this rich source of information is overlooked because students think it’s easier to look
subjects up online. Moreover, a trip to the library is much less fun than browsing the Internet
while checking out the latest Facebook updates.
• Good news: most libraries have online catalogues, so you can browse books and other print
sources without moving your lazy *** from your sofa.
• www.bibliotheek.be/ provides an online catalogue of all Flemish public libraries.
c) newspapers and magazines

• They are also rich sources of information about what is happening now. Consider browsing
through the paper and online versions of the New York Times, The Daily Telegraph, the
Independent and the Wall Street Journal, and skip the comics and crossword puzzles for
once.
18 Can you find a correct source for the following assignment topic: ‘Women and homelessness in
the United States: an overview’? Personal answer.
1) Develop a search term and write it down. What are the keywords? What specific terms are you
going to look for? What synonyms could you use?
Write your search term here:
2) Look for a relevant online article.
a) Use the search term developed in question 1 to find an online article that is relevant to your
topic.
b) Select a title that appears to be suitable for the topic.

Shuffle T his
c) Download the article or email it to yourself.

d) Write the title of the article you have selected here:
3) Use Google Scholar for a preliminary search.
a) Open Google Scholar.

b) Use the search statement developed in question 1.
c) Select a relevant title.
d) Check to see if the full text version is available, open it and download it or email it to yourself.
e) Write the title of the article you have selected here:
19 Try to find out in which Flemish library you can consult a paper version of the following books.
1) New York City for Dummies Muntpunt, Munt 6, 1000 Brussel
2) Discover Las Vegas Dilbeek, Muntpunt, Vilvoorde, Schoten, Lille, Mol
3) The encyclopedia Americana Not available
4) One of us: Richard Nixon and the American Dream Antwerpen
20 Discuss. Do you think these are good sources? Why (not)?
1 2 3
4 5 6

21a Find one online source and one print source relating to the following research topics. Personal answer.
1) Why do we sleep?
2) Cyber-bullying in the USA.
3) What is addiction?
4) Pros and cons of school uniforms.
5) The link between fast food restaurants and obesity.
21b Present your sources to your teacher and classmates. Who has the most relevant sources? Why?
Personal answer.
5 Job hopping Minimum wages
22a Discuss. Personal answer.

• What does the word ‘McJob’ remind you of?
• What kind of job is it?
• Which qualities do you need for a job like this? Is it multi-tasking, independent thinking,
communicative skills, patience, good physical condition, … ? Or anything else?
22b Read the following text about the ‘McJob’. No answer.
Many McDonald’s products and branding concepts start with ‘Mc’, like McMuffins, McChicken and Mayor
McCheese of McDonaldland.
But when Merriam-Webster included

the word McJob in its dictionary in 2003,
McDonald’s considered bringing a lawsuit
based on its trademark McJobs. This was
the name and image for the training of
the handicapped as employees at their
restaurants.
The trademark had already expired in 1992.

But McDonald’s quickly re-registered it
after Douglas Coupland described a McJob
as a “low pay, low prestige, low dignity, low
benefit, no future job in the service sector”
in his novel Generation X in 1996. Coupland
was not talking about McDonald’s but the
word stuck with people as a slang word for
this kind of job.
There are many brand names and trademarks
that have become common nouns in English.
This usually happens when a company invents a product that is very popular. The brand name or trademark
becomes a synonym for that product. Don’t we all use Kleenexes?

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22c Match each picture with an underlined word form the text.
1 2 3 4
a trademark a concept a law suit a brandname
5 6 7 8
the service sector low pay to expire an employee
23a Discuss. Personal answer.

• What fast food chains do you know?
• What jobs are available at these chains?
• Who are these jobs mostly meant for?
• Would you like to work there or, possibly, do you work there?
23b Watch the advert Working Together to Make Your Day Better and discuss. Personal answer.
• Does this ad convince you to work for McDonald’s?
• Why? Why not?
• Could you name some of the advantages and disadvantages of
working there?
• Which feeling is the clip trying to convey?
• Does it make their employees’ days better?
24a Listen to the BBC report on fast food strikes and answer the questions.
1) What does the reporter mean when she says that although
the economy has been improving, the gains haven’t been
shared equally? Explain in your own words.
2) What does the fact that Royal has to live in a shelter and
needs food stamps prove?
3) The people on strike are calling for two things. Which ones?

4) For which group of employees were the fast food jobs originally designed, according to Mr Moesel?
5) What will happen, according to Mr Moesel, if the wages are raised?
6) Which of the two trends President Obama describes refers to the pay gap?
7) What does it mean ‘to make ends meet’?
8) Which expression is used to say that it has a strong effect because it forces people to understand
something unpleasant?
24b What do you think about it? Personal answer.

• Have you changed your opinion on working at a fast food restaurant? Is it acceptable to earn the little
money they get?
• How much is $ 7.25 in euros?
• What do you think of the fact that a worker on minimum wage would need to work 1.2 million hours
to earn the $ 8.75 million paid annually to McDonalds’ previous CEO Jim Skinner?
• Does the representative of the New York State Restaurant Association have a point when he says that
restaurants will have to close if the wages are raised and then even more people are out of a job?
• Why is increased inequality and decreasing mobility a threat to the American Dream like Obama
says?
6 Shuffle Las Vegas
25 Watch the video clip and answer the questions.

1) What was the purpose for making this clip?
2) How do you know?
3) Which references to other countries do you see?

Tick off.
❏ London Tower Bridge
❏ Egyptian Sphinx and The Pyramids
❏ Venetian canals and gondolas
❏ Roman Colosseum
❏ Eiffel Tower
4) Tick of the things you can do in Las Vegas.
❏ shop
❏ hike (you have to leave the city to do that, to go to
❏ go to a show the Grand Canyon or Valley of Fire)
❏ go out to dinner
❏ go to drink something in a cocktail lounge
❏ ride a rollercoaster
❏ gamble
❏ take the metro
❏ go to a piano bar
❏ swim
5) What are the two most famous streets of Las Vegas?
The Strip and Fremont Street

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26 Las Vegas has many nicknames, can you explain them? Look
them up on the Internet to explain them.
1) Sin City
2) Gambling Capital of the World
3) City of Lights
4) City that Never Sleeps (Although that nickname is also claimed by

New York City).
27 Discuss in class. Personal answer.

• What surprised you most about Las Vegas?
• Would you like to visit it?
• If you planned on going there, what would you do?
• What do you think the dangers of a city like Las Vegas are?
7 Reading matters A short story: The Secret Life

of Walter Mitty
28 Discuss in class. Personal answer.

• Has it ever happened to you that you were daydreaming in class when you were called on to answer?
• Have you ever imagined you were somewhere else, someone else, doing something different?
• When do you daydream? Is it something that makes you happy?
• Is daydreaming allowed or encouraged? When is it or is it not?
29a Watch the excerpt from The Secret Life of Walter Mitty and write down the words that are
displayed to form a motto. How could the motto connect with Walter Mitty’s character in the
story?
29b Read the introduction first. Then read the short story The Secret Life of Walter Mitty by James Thurber.
No answer.
Ben Stiller loosely based his film on the 1937 short story The
Secret Life of Walter Mitty by James Thurber. While Walter
Mitty and his wife are driving to town to do some shopping, Mr
Mitty is daydreaming that he is a military pilot of a hydroplane.
But Mrs Mitty stops his daydream by yelling that he is driving
too fast. Soon Mr Mitty drifts off into another daydream,
but every time his daydreams are interrupted by reality. For
example, when he hears a newsboy is shouting something about a
court case, he is dreaming he is a criminal, called to court to defend
himself in a murder case

1 “We’re going through!” The Commander’s voice was like thin ice
breaking. He wore his full-dress uniform, with the heavily braided
white cap pulled down rakishly* over one cold gray eye. “We can’t
make it, sir. It’s spoiling for a hurricane, if you ask me.” “I’m not asking
5 you, Lieutenant Berg,” said the Commander. “Throw on the power
lights! Rev her up to 8,500! We’re going through!” The pounding of the
cylinders increased: ta-pocketa-pocketa-pocketa-pocketa-pocketa.
The Commander stared at the ice forming on the pilot window. He
James Thurber
walked over and twisted a row of complicated dials. “Switch on No. 8
• 8 December 1894 – 10 auxiliary!” he shouted. “Switch on No. 8 auxiliary!” repeated Lieutenant
2 November 1961
• American cartoonist,
Berg. “Full strength in No. 3 turret!” shouted the Commander. “Full
author, journalist, strength in No. 3 turret!” The crew, bending to their various tasks in
playwright, and wit the huge, hurtling eight-engined Navy hydroplane, looked at each
• “There is no exception to
the rule that every rule has other and grinned. “The Old Man’ll get us through,” they said to one
an exception.” 15 another. “The Old Man ain’t afraid of Hell!”…
“Not so fast! You’re driving too fast!” said Mrs. Mitty. “What are you
driving so fast for?”
“Hmm?” said Walter Mitty. He looked at his wife, in the seat beside
him, with shocked astonishment. She seemed grossly unfamiliar, like a
20 strange woman who had yelled at him in a crowd. “You were up to fifty-
five,” she said. “You know I don’t like to go more than forty. You were
up to fifty-five.” Walter Mitty drove on toward Waterbury in silence, the
roaring of the SN202 through the worst storm in twenty years of Navy
flying fading in the remote, intimate airways of his mind. “You’re tensed
25 up again,” said Mrs. Mitty. “It’s one of your days. I wish you’d let Dr.
Renshaw look you over.”
Walter Mitty stopped the car in front of the building where his wife
went to have her hair done. “Remember to get those overshoes
30 while I’m having my hair done,” she said. “I don’t need overshoes,”
said Mitty. She put her mirror back into her bag. “We’ve been all
through that,” she said, getting out of the car. “You’re not a young
man any longer.” He raced the engine a little. “Why don’t you wear
your gloves? Have you lost your gloves?” Walter Mitty reached in
35 a pocket and brought out the gloves. He put them on, but after she
had turned and gone into the building and he had driven on to a
red light, he took them off again. “Pick it up, brother!” snapped a
cop as the light changed, and Mitty hastily pulled on his gloves and
lurched* ahead. He drove around the streets aimlessly for a time,
40 and then he drove past the hospital on his way to the parking lot.
rakishly: …“It’s the millionaire banker, Wellington McMillan,” said the pretty
classy, dashing nurse. “Yes?” said Walter Mitty, removing his gloves slowly. “Who
to lurch: has the case?” “Dr. Renshaw and Dr. Benbow, but there are two
to move suddenly or un- specialists here, Dr. Remington from New York and Dr. Pritchard-
evenly forward, to stumble 45 Mitford from London. He flew over.” A door opened down a long,
distraught:
very upset, worked-up cool corridor and Dr. Renshaw came out. He looked distraught* and
haggard: haggard*. “Hello, Mitty,” he said. “We’re having the devil’s own time
exhausted, worn with McMillan, the millionaire banker and close personal friend of

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Roosevelt. Obstreosis of the ductal tract. Tertiary. Wish you’d take a

50 look at him.” “Glad to,” said Mitty.
In the operating room there were whispered introductions: “Dr. Remington,

Dr. Mitty. Dr. Pritchard-Mitford, Dr. Mitty.” “I’ve read your book on
streptothricosis,” said Pritchard-Mitford, shaking hands. “A brilliant
performance, sir.” “Thank you,” said Walter Mitty. “Didn’t know you were
55 in the States, Mitty,” grumbled Remington. “Coals to Newcastle, bringing
Mitford and me up here for a tertiary.” “You are very kind,” said Mitty. A
huge, complicated machine, connected to the operating table, with many
tubes and wires, began at this moment to go pocketa-pocketa-pocketa. “The
new anaesthetizer is giving way!” shouted an interne. “There is no one in the
60 East who knows how to fix it!” “Quiet, man!” said Mitty, in a low, cool voice.
He sprang to the machine, which was now going pocketa-pocketa-queep-
pocketa-queep. He began fingering delicately a row of glistening dials. “Give
me a fountain pen!” he snapped. Someone handed him a fountain pen. He
pulled a faulty piston out of the machine and inserted the pen in its place.
65 “That will hold for ten minutes,” he said. “Get on with the operation.” A
nurse hurried over and whispered to Renshaw, and Mitty saw the man turn
pale. “Coreopsis has set in,” said Renshaw nervously. “If you would take
over, Mitty?” Mitty looked at him and at the craven figure of Benbow, who
drank, and at the grave, uncertain faces of the two great specialists. “If you
70 wish,” he said. They slipped a white gown on him; he adjusted a mask and
drew on thin gloves; nurses handed him shining…
“Back it up, Mac! Look out for that Buick!” Walter Mitty jammed on
the brakes. “Wrong lane, Mac,” said the parking-lot attendant, looking
at Mitty closely. “Gee. Yeh,” muttered Mitty. He began cautiously to
75 back out of the lane marked “Exit Only.” “Leave her sit there,” said
the attendant. “I’ll put her away.” Mitty got out of the car. “Hey, better
leave the key.” “Oh,” said Mitty, handing the man the ignition key. The
attendant vaulted into the car, backed it up with insolent skill, and put
it where it belonged.
80 They’re so damn cocky*, thought Walter Mitty, walking along Main

Street; they think they know everything. Once he had tried to take his
chains off, outside New Milford, and he had got them wound around the
axles*. A man had had to come out in a wrecking car and unwind them,
a young, grinning garageman. Since then Mrs. Mitty always made him
85 drive to a garage to have the chains taken off. The next time, he thought,
I’ll wear my right arm in a sling; they won’t grin at me then. I’ll have my
right arm in a sling and they’ll see I couldn’t possibly take the chains off
myself. He kicked at the slush* on the sidewalk. “Overshoes,” he said to
himself, and he began looking for a shoe store.
cocky:
arrogant, conceited 90 When he came out into the street again, with the overshoes in a box
an axle:
under his arm, Walter Mitty began to wonder what the other thing was
the pin on which a wheel
rotates his wife had told him to get. She had told him, twice, before they set out
a slush: from their house for Waterbury. In a way he hated these weekly trips to
partly melted snow, mud town – he was always getting something wrong. Kleenex, he thought,

95 Squibb’s, razor blades? No. Toothpaste, toothbrush, bicarbonate,
carborundum, initiative and referendum? He gave it up. But she would
remember it. “Where’s the what’s-its-name?” she would ask. “Don’t
tell me you forgot the what’s-its-name.” A newsboy went by shouting
something about the Waterbury trial.
100 …“Perhaps this will refresh your memory.” The District Attorney
suddenly thrust a heavy automatic at the quiet figure on the witness
stand. “Have you ever seen this before?” Walter Mitty took the gun
and examined it expertly. “This is my Webley-Vickers 50.80,” he said
calmly. An excited buzz ran around the courtroom. The Judge rapped
105 for order. “You are a crack shot with any sort of firearms, I believe?”
said the District Attorney, insinuatingly. “Objection!” shouted Mitty’s
attorney. “We have shown that the defendant could not have fired the
shot. We have shown that he wore his right arm in a sling* on the night
of the fourteenth of July.” Walter Mitty raised his hand briefly and the
110 bickering attorneys were stilled. “With any known make of gun,” he
said evenly, “I could have killed Gregory Fitzhurst at three hundred
feet with my left hand.” Pandemonium broke loose in the courtroom.
A woman’s scream rose above the bedlam* and suddenly a lovely, dark-
haired girl was in Walter Mitty’s arms. The District Attorney struck at
115 her savagely. Without rising from his chair, Mitty let the man have it
on the point of the chin. “You miserable cur!”…
“Puppy biscuit,” said Walter Mitty. He stopped walking and the buildings
of Waterbury rose up out of the misty courtroom and surrounded him
again. A woman who was passing laughed. “He said ‘Puppy biscuit,’ ”
120 she said to her companion. “That man said ‘Puppy biscuit’ to himself.”
Walter Mitty hurried on. He went into an A. & P., not the first one he
came to but a smaller one farther up the street. “I want some biscuit for
small, young dogs,” he said to the clerk. “Any special brand, sir?” The
greatest pistol shot in the world thought a moment. “It says ‘Puppies
125 Bark for It’ on the box,” said Walter Mitty.
a sling:
a bandage to support an
injured body part
a bedlam: His wife would be through at the hairdresser’s in fifteen minutes, Mitty
a chaotic situation, saw in looking at his watch, unless they had trouble drying it; sometimes
turmoil they had trouble drying it. She didn’t like to get to the hotel first; she

Shuffle T his
would want him to be there waiting for her as usual. He found a big
130 leather chair in the lobby, facing a window, and he put the overshoes
and the puppy biscuit on the floor beside it. He picked up an old copy
of Liberty and sank down into the chair. “Can Germany Conquer the
World Through the Air?” Walter Mitty looked at the pictures of bombing
planes and of ruined streets.
135 …“The cannonading* has got the wind up in young Raleigh, sir,” said
the sergeant. Captain Mitty looked up at him through touselled hair.
“Get him to bed,” he said wearily. “With the others. I’ll fly alone.” “But
you can’t, sir,” said the sergeant anxiously. “It takes two men to handle
that bomber and the Archies are pounding hell out of the air. Von
140 Richtman’s circus is between here and Saulier.” “Somebody’s got to get
that ammunition dump,” said Mitty. “I’m going over. Spot of brandy?”
He poured a drink for the sergeant and one for himself. War thundered
and whined around the dugout and battered at the door. There was a
rending of wood and splinters flew through the room. “A bit of a near
145 thing,” said Captain Mitty carelessly. “The box barrage* is closing in,”
said the sergeant. “We only live once, Sergeant,” said Mitty, with his faint,
fleeting smile. “Or do we?” He poured another brandy and tossed it off.
“I never see a man could hold his brandy like you, sir,” said the sergeant.
“Begging your pardon, sir.” Captain Mitty stood up and strapped on
150 his huge Webley-Vickers automatic. “It’s forty kilometres through hell,
sir,” said the sergeant. Mitty finished one last brandy. “After all,” he
said softly, “what isn’t?” The pounding of the cannon increased; there
was the rat-tat-tatting of machine guns, and from somewhere came
the menacing pocketa-pocketa-pocketa of the new flame-throwers.
155 Walter Mitty walked to the door of the dugout humming “Auprès de Ma
Blonde.” He turned and waved to the sergeant. “Cheerio!” he said. …
Something struck his shoulder. “I’ve been looking all over this hotel for
you,” said Mrs. Mitty. “Why do you have to hide in this old chair? How did
to cannonade: you expect me to find you?” “Things close in,” said Walter Mitty vaguely.
to attack continuously
with a canon
160 “What?” Mrs. Mitty said. “Did you get the what’s-its-name? The puppy
a box barrage: biscuit? What’s in that box?” “Overshoes,” said Mitty. “Couldn’t you have
gun fire on three sides of put them on in the store?” “I was thinking,” said Walter Mitty. “Does it
a given area to prevent ever occur to you that I am sometimes thinking?” She looked at him. “I’m
escape or reinforcement of going to take your temperature when I get you home,” she said.’
the enemy
a box barrage:
gun fire on three sides of 165 They went out through the revolving doors that made a faintly derisive
a given area to prevent whistling sound when you pushed them. It was two blocks to the parking
escape or reinforcement of lot. At the drugstore on the corner she said, “Wait here for me. I forgot
the enemy something. I won’t be a minute.” She was more than a minute. Walter
sleet:
frozen or partly frozen
Mitty lighted a cigarette. It began to rain, rain with sleet* in it. He stood
rain 170 up against the wall of the drugstore, smoking. … He put his shoulders
inscrutable: back and his heels together. “To hell with the handkerchief,” said Walter
mysterious, difficult to Mitty scornfully. He took one last drag on his cigarette and snapped it
understand away. Then, with that faint, fleeting smile playing about his lips, he faced
Source: James Thurber, The
the firing squad; erect and motionless, proud and disdainful, Walter
New Yorker 175 Mitty the Undefeated, inscrutable* to the last.

29c Answer the questions.
The story
1) What do Walter Mitty and his wife do every week?
2) What is happening to Walter all the time?
3) How often does it happen in this story?
4) How does the story end?
Characters
1) How would you describe Walter Mitty…

… in real life: highlight his character traits in pink
… in his secret life: highlight his character traits in green
• absent-minded • clumsy • passive

• skilled • adventurous • exceptional
• ordinary • imaginative • unassertive
• decisive • bumbling
• strong • courageous
2) Although Walter Mitty has a wife, a car, a puppy and a house, he feels … .
3) What does he expect from life?
4) In his secret, fantasy life, Walter Mitty takes on the role of the man who knows exactly what he is
doing. The opposite is true, even there. How do you know? Hint: look up some of the difficult words
in the story.
5) How would you describe Mrs Mitty? Highlight her character traits in one colour.
• bossy • submissive
• understanding • insensitive
• patient • impatient
• loving • unloving
6) Do women like Mrs Mitty really exist? Or is she a cartoon character?
Setting and time
1) Can you find an indication of where Walter’s real life takes place?
2) Can you find any indications of when this story took place?
The narrator
The narrator in this story is telling it from a first / third (cross out
the wrong answer) person point of view. It means he participates
/ does not participate (cross out the wrong answer) in the action
of the story as one of the characters. He teaches us about the
characters through his voice and / but he can see / can’t see (cross
out the wrong answer) what the characters are thinking.
Words
1) An onomatopoeia is an attempt to capture the sound of

something. Which onomatopoeia do you find over and over in
this story?
2) The word ‘mittyesque’ was coined with Mr Mitty in mind. To

what kind of person does it refer?

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8 Focus on … Native Americans
30 Discuss what you see in the pictures. Which settlement do you associate with Native Americans?
1 2
3 4
31a The idea of Native Americans living in tepees is a stereotype. Look at the fragment from Peter
Pan and see which other stereotypes are depicted here with regard to:
1) language
2) appearance
3) customs
4) village
31b Discuss. Personal answer.

• Why is it that we have these stereotypical images?
• Do you think stereotyping can be harmful?
• How do Native Americans feel about this?

32 Listen to a Native American explaining what it is like to be Native American and a US citizen and
1) Which tribe does Mark Charles belong to?
2) He uses a figure of speech called ‘simile’ (vergelijking) to explain what it is like to be Native
American in the US. Who does he compare the Native American people to?
3) What does he compare their land to?
4) He refers to “some people that came into our house”. Who are they?
5) What does the bedroom stand for?
6) What do you think he means by saying “We’re tired, we’re old, we’re weak and we’re sick”?
7) Does the word ‘second-class citizen’ apply here? Or do you find it exaggerated?
33a Read the newspaper article and answer the questions.
Thursday. June 13. 2014 Today’s Paper Video 42 °F S. & P. 500 + 0.34% 
World U.S. Politics New York Business Opinion Technology Science Health Sports Arts Style Food Home Travel Magazine Real Estate ALL
Obama makes first visit to Indian

reservation as president
By Mark Landler
between the government and the
20 nation’s Indian tribes.
“There’s no denying that for some
Americans, the deck’s been stacked
against them, sometimes for generations,
and that’s been true of many Native
25 Americans,” the president said. “But if
we’re working together, we can make
things better.”
Here on Standing Rock, where cows
1 CANNON BALL, N.D. – Hours after graze on the Cannon Ball River and a
adjourning a tense meeting about the 30 casino is the main economic driver, the
Iraq crisis, President Obama was on statistics paint a bleak picture: 40 percent
the ancestral lands of Chief Sitting Bull, of the residents live in poverty and two-
5 taking part in a celebration to honor thirds are unemployed. Sexual assault
American Indians who have served in and violence have long been problems
America’s foreign wars. 35 on the reservation, which stretches
On a plain next to the Missouri River, down into South Dakota and is roughly
dancers and drummers from the Sioux the size of Connecticut. Rates of suicide
10 and other tribes, encircled by U.S. flags, and alcoholism are high and at least half
created a pulsing swirl of color and noise of high school students drop out.
as Obama and his wife, Michelle, nodded 40 Obama announced a series of modest
in time to the music. education initiatives to improve schools
In his first visit to an Indian reservation for Indian children. Before the flag
15 as president, Obama told the raucous ceremony, the Obamas met with high-
crowd of 1,800 people that he had school students at a school on the
delivered on his promise as a presidential 45 Standing Rock Sioux Reservation to hear
candidate in 2008 to improve relations about the pressures they face growing up.

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Tribal leaders praised Obama and warrant for our people,” Bryan Brewer,
presented him with a ceremonial blanket a leader of the Oglala Sioux tribe, said
with an eight-point red, white and blue 75 in a statement. “President Obama must
50 star. reject this pipeline and protect our
“No other president comes close to the sacred land and water.”
honesty and compassion he has shown Obama is the fourth sitting president to
for our tribal nations,” said David visit an Indian reservation and the first
Archambault II, one of the leaders. 80 to make such a trip since Bill Clinton
55 It was a rare respite* for a president in 1999. As a candidate in 2008, Obama
lurching* from crisis to crisis. Obama courted* the votes of Indians and visited
tried out a few words in the Lakota the Crow Nation in Montana, where he
language and held children during the was given an Indian name, Black Eagle.
farewell ceremony.
60 But he also encountered
pressure on a familiar
front as some of the
a respite:
leaders and some
a pause, a rest
to lurch: protesters urged him
to stagger, to move back 65 to reject the proposed
and forth Keystone XL pipeline
to court: and other oil-sand
to seek, to attempt to gain
pipelines, which they
Source: say would devastate
www.nytimes.om/2014/06/14/ 70 their land, water, climate
us/obama-visits-sioux-lands-
on-a-trip-shadowed-by-iraq.
and treaty rights.
html?_r=0 “Keystone is a death
1) The author starts with making a ‘mistake’ in the title of his article. Which one?
2) Why did Obama visit this reservation?
3) What are the problems the Native Americans in the reservation are dealing with?
4) What did the president announce to improve the situation?
5) Do you think Obama is popular with the Native Americans?
6) How are these tribes suffering from the booming oil-sand industry in Canada?
33b Below you will find eight explanations of words. In the text there are seven words underlined.
Which word fits which explanation? And which word from the text that is not underlined fits the
8th explanation?
1) Belonging to or inherited from your ancestors, like your grandmother
or great grandfather. ancestral
2) A written agreement between two states. a treaty (not underlined)
3) A social group consisting of people of the same race who have the
same beliefs, customs, language etc., and who usually live in one
particular area ruled by their leader. a tribe
4) A federation of Native American Tribes. a nation
5) To ruin, to destroy completely. to devastate
6) A piece of land set aside by the government for a group. a reservation
7) A joyful occasion for special festivities to mark some happy event. a celebration
8) Made, declared or believed to be holy. sacred

33c Complete the sentences with the words you have just learned.
1) Miss Nakos studied in Greece for two years, her … homeland. ancestral
2) For this tribe, the mountain is a … place where the Sky Father and the sacred
Earth Mother gave birth to their people.
3) The Amazon is home to dozens of isolated … who make their living tribes
far away from civilization.
4) The area was completely … , littered with debris and dead bodies. devastated
5) European settlers pushed the Indians off their land and into … ; reservations
white men’s diseases decimated Native villages.
6) The Peace … of Versailles formally ended the war between Germany and treaty
the Allied Powers.
7) The Navajo … is a semi-autonomous Native American-governed nation

territory that extends into the states of Utah, Arizona and New Mexico.
8) We had a little … in math class when we learned the test had been celebration
postponed till next week.
34 American vs. British English. Answer the questions.

1) In the text you read the words ‘honor’ and ‘color’. Are they
always spelled like this?
2) How come the article uses this spelling?
3) What are the main ways in which British and American

spelling are different?
4) In which areas would you situate the differences as they are written down in the column?
Complete.
5) Do you see which column has which kind of English?
British English American English
to politicise to politicize
a) spelling centre centre
defence defense
travelled labour traveled labor
b) pronunciation either: /ˈaɪðə/ either/ˈiːðər/
autumn fall
c) vocabulary biscuit cookie
d) grammar I’ve just arrived. I just arrived.
35 Here are some sentences. Can you determine whether they are in British or American English?
1) This smells really good, Mom. Did you bake those cookies yourself?
❏ British English ❏ American English
2) We have quite a few special days in the fall, such as Columbus Day, Halloween and Thanksgiving.

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3) He put his coat in the boot of the car and then remembered that he’d forgotten to bring his cell
phone.
4) In the UK you are expected to queue for the bus. It’s the polite thing to do.
5) This morning the pavement was so icy that I saw one pedestrian slipping and falling.
6) Remind me to stop at the petrol station. We’re running out of petrol.
7) Please put your candy wrapper in the garbage can.
8) Sorry, I need to stop at the restroom for a second.
9) Trucks are usually fuelled with gas oil.
10) We take pride in our national dish, fish and chips!
36 Match the words in bold from the previous exercise with their correct synonym from the box and
write them in the correct column.
to wait in line – a biscuit – a gas station – gas(oline) – diesel – a sidewalk – a loo / bathroom –
a mum – a dustbin – autumn – a mobile phone – a lorry – French fries
American English British English translation
1) a pavement a sidewalk een stoep, trottoir
2) a restroom a loo / bathroom een toilet
3) fall autumn herfst
4) gas oil diesel diesel
5) gas(oline) petrol benzine
6) a gas station a petrol station een tankstation
7) to wait in line to queue in de rij wachten
8) a cookie a biscuit een koekje
9) french fries chips frieten
10) a truck a lorry een vrachtwagen
11) mom mum mama
12) a cell phone a mobile phone een gsm, mobieltje
13) a garbage can a dustbin een vuilnisbak

Bizz app
International students
1 Watch the clip in which international students talk about the kind of questions Americans
sometimes ask them and answer the questions.
1) Where do you think these students come from?
a) first student: from Africa

b) second student: Vietnam
c) third student: somewhere from the Middle East? A country with many Muslims
d) fourth student: Brazil
2) Below you will find four causes why people think in stereotypes. Which ones do you think caused
these Americans to ask these questions? Why do you think so? Personal answer.
a) Fear of difference: This fear might be related to imagined threats of personal injury or perhaps
an insecurity over economic or social status.
b) Media sources: Films, books, magazines and music are often portraying characters that belong
to certain ethnic, gender and religious group in a certain light.
c) Lack of personal experience: People often don’t have much contact with other groups of
people, mostly with the group they belong too. Therefore they just make assumptions, based on
what knowledge they have.
d) Social reference groups: Family and friends are another source of stereotypes. A certain view
on people might be passed down through jokes or comments.
2a Read the text a first time and answer the questions.
“But your English is so good!” and other

things you shouldn’t say to an
international student.
ten say ‘But you look too white to be
Mexican,’ or ‘but you speak English so
well’. There is a great misconception*
that international students look and
speak a certain way,” says Andrea Sosa,
a junior at Goucher College, studying
international relations and French. “It
shouldn’t have to surprise people that
I am well-spoken and knowledgeable
misconception:
about the world,” says Sosa.
a wrong idea
to enrol: “When I tell people that I am an inter- Nearly 820,000 international
to register formally as a national student from Mexico I often students from every corner of the
participant or member receive sceptical looks. People will of- globe are enrolled* in U.S. colleges and

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universities today, contributing* a global represent my faith, native country and

perspective and fostering* cultural people in my daily interactions.”
awareness* across educational spaces from Even so, many feel the burden* of
classrooms to student clubs. Compared absorbing novel ideas or educating peers
to just a decade ago, the number of about different parts of the world cannot
to contribute: international students has grown by 40% continue to rest disproportionately* on
to help, to cause some-
– a record high, according to statistics. foreign students.
thing to happen
to foster:
to help develop, help grow However, foreign students in U.S. Sulaiman Alhudaithy, a first-year student
awareness: colleges and universities continue to at Western Kentucky University, believes
having knowledge of face stereotypical remarks, even as domestic* students and faculty who resort
something
more and more of them adapt to the to stereotypes to make sense of diversity
a requirement:
something that is needed culture and requirements* of American could use some of the adaptability* and
or must be done higher education. “I try hard to open-mindedness international students
an assumption: represent my culture, but people often employ every day. “If they can open up
a fact, statement or idea make assumptions* or ask ignorant* their minds like I did as an international
formed without evidence
questions,” says Giang Nguyen, a student living outside of my country, they
ignorant:
uneducated in general; Vietnamese gender studies major at might be able to avoid stereotypes …
lacking knowledge Hendrix College. “I was once asked if and see what’s behind the picture ,” says
presumably: there is television in Vietnam!” Alhudaithy.
probably, it seems likely
to signify:
Ntombikayise Gladwin Gilman, a junior The key to having successful educational
to mean
a dearth of: studying international relations at Mount interaction and cultural exchange
a lack of, not enough of Holyoke College, agrees with Nguyen. between international students and
(formal) “As a South African, people are surprised domestic students is to be curious but
a peer: that I speak good English and carry respectful – and to avoid assumptions
someone of your own
myself well. Generalisations are made at all costs, believes Gilman. “Approach
level
Diaspora: about my home continent too. People questions in a sensitive light. Accept
the movement or scatter- have gone so far as to ask me if I have pet your understanding may be wrong. It is
ing of a people away from lions or cheetahs, presumably* because okay to say you don’t know,” she says.
their homeland I am from ‘Africa’, where the Disney
a burden:
film Lion King was set,” shares Gilman.
here: a duty, a responsi-
bility
disproportionately: She believes such comments signify*
out of balance more than just sheer ignorance
adaptability: – they represent a dearth of* global
the ability to adjust
consciousness. “These stereotypes
oneself to new / changed
circumstances create stigmas and false identities,” says
domestic: Gilman.
relating to someone’s
family, home, or home Students like Mona Shadi, a senior at Her advice is echoed by Nguyen.
country
Mount Holyoke College, often find “Ask, don’t assume. If someone is
to resort to:
to turn to something opportunity to educate and inform international, don’t resort to* stereotypes
or someone else for as- peers* if they make stereotypical about their country. Don’t act like you
sistance comments or ask ignorant questions. know their culture better than them.
Don’t comment on how well their
Source:
http://college.usatoday. Shadi, who came to the US when she English is and definitely don’t say things
com/2014/11/20/but-your- was four years old, says, “As a woman, like ‘professors go easy on you because
english-is-so-good-and-other-
things-you-shouldnt-say-to-
a Muslim, an Egyptian … as part of English is not your first language,’” adds
an-international-student/ a diaspora*, I feel a responsibility to Nguyen.
1) Is this text mainly informative, prescriptive, argumentative, narrative or literary? Why?
2) From whose point of view is this article written?
3) Who is the target audience?
4) What does the author want to make clear?

2b Reading for detail. Read the text a second time and answer the questions.
1) In the article some examples of assumptions are made. Try to formulate a more general
assumption.
a) “But you look too white to be Mexican.”

b) “But you speak English so well.”
c) “I was once asked if there is television in Vietnam!”
d) “People have gone so far as to ask me if I have pet lions or cheetahs.”
2) Why is it that these stereotypical ideas have become more visible in the past decades?
3) What do most international students try to do when confronted with stereotypes?
4) In what way should domestic students and staff mirror foreign students?
3 Deliver a welcome speech. Personal answer.

In many secondary schools there are foreign
exchange students. Many of them don’t speak
Dutch yet, but they do speak English. This year,
your school too is host to some foreign exchange
students. Your class teacher has asked you to
deliver a welcome speech for them. The steps
below will guide you through the process of
writing and delivering a speech.
1) Gathering information
First gather the necessary information and think about the following aspects.
• A name for the event, when and where it will take place, how long it will last. (2 to 3 minutes is
usually appropriate for a welcome speech.)
• What is the reason for this speech?
• Who are the important guests? Is it only the new students or are there other people present,
principal, teachers, parents? Make sure to get everybody’s name right. Check the pronunciation
of foreign names.
• About your school; what do you know about its history, its key values?
• What are you going to say to make the guest feel welcome?
• What kind of language are you going to use? Formal or informal?
• Do you need to do anything else? Such as taking pictures or handing over flowers or other items?
2) Structure of the speech
• Greet everybody who is present, with a special mention for the important guests (staff, foreign
students).
• Give the background information on why you are together on this occasion.
• Motivate everyone to welcome the new guests.
• Information on what will happen after the speech is over.
• Send everyone off on a positive note.
3) Write down your speech and practise it. Practice makes perfect.
4) Deliver it!

Shuffle T his
On the spot
Check Repeat Teacher’s notes
Focus on …
I can use vocabulary about the p. 99-105
American dream. ex. 1-6
I can use vocabulary about p. 125-129
native Americans. ex. 30-36
The basics
I can form and use complex p. 105-110
sentences ex. 7a-12
How to …
I can read and complete p. 110-113
forms. ex. 13-17
Bibliography
Exercise 5
Kadlec, D. (2014). Millennials Put Their Surprising Stamp on the American Dream. Time. Retrieved from
http://time.com/5074/millennials-put-their-surprising-stamp-on-the-american-dream/
Exercise 7a
Dyess, D. (n.d.) The Grand Canyon. Kids Know It Network. Retrieved from http://kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0078B-
grand-canyon.php
Exercise 12
Elijah. (2014). Outgrowing the garage. Retrieved from https://apply.jhu.edu/apply/essays
Exercise 29b
Thurber, J. (1939). The Secret Life of Walter Mitty. The New Yorker. United States: Harcourt, Brace and Company.
Exercise 33a
Landler, M. (2014). Obama Visits Sioux Lands on a Trip Shadowed by Iraq. The New York Times. Retrieved from
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/14/us/obama-visits-sioux-lands-on-a-trip-shadowed-by-iraq.html?_r=1
Bizz app
Kamal, A. (2014). “But your English is so good!” and other things you shouldn’t say to an international student. USA Today.
Retrieved from http://college.usatoday.com/2014/11/20/but-your-english-is-so-good-and-other-things-you-shouldnt-say-
to-an-international-student/

Recap
Focus on …
1 Complete the crossword puzzle.
1
L
2 P A T I E N T 4
G O R D I N A R Y 3
5 S U B M I T N6 7
B G C C 8
10
L U O E R 11
9 D E G R E E A N C S E
X R
12
C I T Q
P A A D V E N T U R O U S
13
14 C O I N P N P I A I
R P T T Z L R
15 E M P L O Y E E E E
Y E N
Across
2) When you don’t get frustrated or angry in a difficult situation, you are p… .
3) Something that happens every day is o... .
5) You can hand in your test, or if you want to use a more fancy word, you can say that you s... your test.
9) When you pass all the right courses at university or college, you earned a d... .
13) If you can’t wait to go wild water rafting or eat insectburgers, you’re … .
14) The smaller American c...s come in pieces of 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 cents.
15) When you work for someone, that person is the boss and you are the e... .
Down
1) If your test is written clearly enough for your teacher to read, you have a l... handwriting.
4) Belonging to or inherited from a grandparent or someone before them.
6) To g... is to promise officially that something will be done. E.g. to replace a broken computer.
7) An idea of how something is or should be, e.g. it is difficult to have a c... of the infinity of the
universe.
8) A person needs food, water and shelter to live. A more formal word for ‘need’ is r... .
10) If something can no longer be legally used, e.g. a passport, a credit card, it has e...d .
11) When you legally belong to a country and have rights and responsibilities there, you are a c… of
that country.
12) To a... is to make a formal request, usually written, for something such as a job.

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2 Match the verbs with their explanations. Keywords in the explanation are printed in bold.
1) to represent a) to recognise and correctly name someone or something

2) to refer to b) to stand for something or somebody else, to take the place of
3) to register c) to put someone’s or something’s name on an official list
4) to identify d) to mention or speak about someone or something
5) to exceed e) to come out or appear from somewhere
6) to confirm f) to tell someone that a possible arrangement, date, or situation is
now definite or official
7) to suit g) to be acceptable, suitable or fit for a particular person or in a
particular situation
8) to emerge h) to be more than a particular number or amount
11 2 23 4 3 5 64 7 58 6 7 8
b d c a h f g e
3 The Secret Life of Walter Mitty. Look at the vocabulary list. Write down the adjective that best
describes the characteristic represented in the text balloon.
Let’s get it
over with and not waste
any more time.
We have to make a
choice now.
He is lying there again,

decisive not doing anything.
He’s such a couch
potato!
passive
Oh dear,
I spilled ketchup all
over my white shirt
again!
clumsy

Come and sit
down, sweetie. I’ll make you a
nice cup of tea. And hand me your
coat, I’ll hang it over the radiator
so it can dry.
How terrible
for you!
I can imagine how
hard it is. I hope loving
things will get
better soon.
understanding
She knows
everything about fixing
computers. She assembled
her own computer from
loose parts.
skilled
The basics
4 Choose the correct conjunction.
1) We enjoyed our skiing holiday … the temperatures were far below zero.
❏ while ❏ even if ❏ in spite of ❏ unless

2) … the patient is treated at an early stage, the disease is incurable.
❏ Even if ❏ Although ❏ Before ❏ Until

3) … he didn’t study at all, he managed to pass the exam.
❏ Due to ❏ Because ❏ Whenever ❏ Although

4) The film was great … I don’t usually like romantic films.
❏ because ❏ if only ❏ although ❏ wherever

5) You keep making these mistakes … I’ve explained it several times.
❏ until ❏ unless ❏ before ❏ even though

6) … his age, he still takes dancing classes.
❏ In spite of ❏ As ❏ Due to ❏ Whereas

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7) Let’s look for some shelter … we get soaking wet.
❏ wherever ❏ after ❏ before ❏ if

8) I cannot study … my little brother is playing his guitar.
❏ while ❏ before ❏ though ❏ as if

9) You have to ask him … he arrives.
❏ since ❏ if only ❏ rather than ❏ when

10) I would like to leave … the film ends.
❏ until ❏ while ❏ wherever ❏ as soon as

11) Can you serve dinner … dad comes home?
❏ when ❏ until ❏ unless ❏ even if

12) I don’t want you to touch anything … the police get here.
❏ as if ❏ if only ❏ because ❏ until

13) The journalist succeeded in asking the politician a few questions … he left the building.
❏ whereas ❏ rather than ❏ whenever ❏ as

14) Mark knew the best restaurants … he had visited the city last summer.
❏ before ❏ because ❏ although ❏ until

15) Had Susan ever met John … she started working here?
❏ before ❏ after ❏ while ❏ when
5 Unscramble the sentences. Make complex sentences with the scrambled words.
1) we / although / enjoyed / we / language camp / English all the time / had to speak
Although we had to speak English all the time we enjoyed the language camp.
2) we had never been / to Australia / we / even though / there before / decided to move
We decided to move to Australia even though we had never been there before.
3) watch / he arrives / a film / after / we’ll watch
After he arrives we’ll watch a film.
4) a hold of him / I’ll ask him / as soon as / I get
I’ll ask him as soon as I get a hold of him.
5) visited / never seen / such a beautiful cathedral / I / I had / before / York
Before I visited York I had never seen such a beautiful cathedral.
6) I had forgotten / at home / any money / my wallet / because / I did not have
I did not have any money because I had forgotten my wallet at home.
7) will not be allowed / Kevin / he has apologised / until / to go back / to Ms Helms / class
Kevin will not be allowed to go back to class until he has apologized to Ms Helms.
8) never / has cheated / she wanted to / did / even if / she
She has never cheated even if she wanted to.

9) we won’t / our own house / until / enough money / to buy / we’ve saved / be able
We won’t be able to buy our own house until we’ve saved enough money.
10) even if / alcohol / you / you have / to drive / carefully / don’t drink
Even if you don’t drink alcohol you have to drive carefully.

11) I liked / I decided / even though / a lot / not to buy them / the shoes
Even though I Iiked the shoes a lot I decided not to buy them.
12) she knew / smoked / although / a packet of cigarettes a day / she / the risks
Although she knew the risks she smoked a packet of cigarettes a day.
13) to run a marathon / you’ll never / training now / unless / be able / you start
You’ll never be able to run a marathon unless you start training now.
14) you / can / till / I return / ? / wait
Can you wait till I return?
15) he prefers / she wants / to go / whereas / Greek food / always / to an Italian restaurant
He prefers Greek food whereas she always wants to go to an Italian restaurant.
16) was checking / while / the suitcases / my wife / I was packing / the travel documents
I was packing the suitcases while my wife was checking the travel documents.
6 Rewrite, using another conjunction.

1) Donald would not admit to his crime until he was confronted with the evidence.
Before Donald was confronted with his crime, he would not admit to it.
2) As soon as she could read enough English, she bought The Lord of the Rings trilogy.
After she could read enough English, she bought The Lord of the Rings trilogy.
3) Mum and Dad went inside as soon as the car disappeared from view.
When the car disappeared from the view mum and dad went inside.
4) Although he started earning more money, he didn’t move into a bigger flat.
He started earning more money, however, he didn’t move into a bigger flat.
5) We’ll book the flight after we know when we can schedule our holiday.
We’ll book the flight as soon as we know when we can schedule our holiday.
6) The sun emerged from behind the clouds while we were leaving.
The sun didn’t emerge from the clouds until we left.
7) You will have to move on with your life, even if you don’t want to.
Whether or not you want to, you will have to move on with your life.
8) The old car made so much noise whereas the new one is running incredibly smooth.
The old car made so much noise, the new one, on the other hand, is running incredibly smooth.
9) The kids won’t listen to you, unless you take away their tablets.
The kids will listen to you if you take their tablets away.
10) If only they went home, I could go to sleep.
Unless they went home, I couldn’t go to sleep.

Shuffle T his
Words unit 3
The American dream
a capital Washington, D.C., is the ... of the United States. een hoofdstad
a citizen She immigrated to the US in 2005 and became a U.S. ... in 2009. een burger
a coin Let us toss a ... to decide who gets the ball. een munt, een
muntstuk
a degree He graduated from Yale University and received his law ... in 2010. een diploma
an era In the Cretaceous … , the majority of dinosaurs became extinct be- een tijdperk
cause of a massive asteroid impact on Earth.
an executive Her dream was to become an … in charge of a big company. een leidinggevende
a political Few people know that apart from the Democratic and the Republican een politieke partij
party … , the US also has a Green party.
a politician Many ... often do not give a straightforward answer, which can be an- een politicus
noying for the journalist.
politics Usually they talked about ... or sports at the dinner table. politiek
a poll ... show that support for the Russian president is still strong. een enquête,
opiniepeiling
a rate In September, the American unemployment … was 5.9%. een graad, mate
a right On television, you will often hear a police officer tell the suspect: “You een recht
have the … to remain silent”.
an axis The Earth rotates around its own … . een as

a bar chart This … shows your previous scores so you can see your progress. een staafgrafiek
data You can store about 3 terabyte of ... on this hard disk. gegevens
a graph The ... showed an increasing trend in online sales. een grafiek
a legend The map’s ... shows that seas and lakes are coloured in blue. een legenda
economic … growth has slowed down since the 2008 financial crisis. economisch
economical A small car is more … to have than a big one. zuinig
to accomplish Mission … , I managed to pass my exams without any fails. volbrengen

to attain After six months of dieting, she had … her ideal weight. bereiken,
verkrijgen
to cling (to) - On his first school day, the poor boy was … to his mother when she vastklampen aan
clung - clung wanted to leave.
to emerge After a rainy day, the sun … from behind the clouds. tevoorschijn
komen
to exceed When the amount of money you spend … your income, you’ll get into overtreffen,
financial trouble. overschrijden
to guarantee Even if you study hard, it does not always … good results. garanderen
to identify The murder victim could not be … immediately. identificeren
to refer to Most people … all sparkling wines as ‘champagne’, but they are not. verwijzen naar
to represent The criminal did not show up in court himself, but he was … by his vertegenwoordigen
lawyer.
to require This plant ... plenty of water it you want it to survive. vereisen
to suit sb / sth Wherever you want to travel, we have enough holidays to … every passen, aanstaan
budget.

Native Americans
a celebration The fireworks draw thousands of spectators every New Year’s Eve … . een feest, een
viering
a reservation South Dakota … are among the poorest areas in the state with high een reservaat
unemployment figures.
a settlement He got a job as a bush pilot, flying mail to remote ... in Alaska. een nederzetting
a tribe This year, members of an isolated Amazonian ... took a great step een stam
and made contact with the outside world.
ancestral The temple was a monument to the ... dead. voorouderlijk

sacred Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock in central Australia, is ... to the Abo- heilig
riginal people of the area.
to devastate The sudden death of their grandmother … the whole family. overstuur maken,
verwoesten
Job hopping
a brand name Cigarette packs do not only have the ... printed on them, but also a een merknaam
health warning.
a concept To some drivers, the idea of driving carefully seems to be a ... they een concept, een
cannot understand. idee
an employee The number of ... has doubled over the past five years. een werknemer
a lawsuit Because the surgery went wrong, he filed a ... against the doctor. een rechtszaak
the service It seems unusual, but many employees from the closed down car fac- de dienstensector
sector tory, found a new job in the … .
a trademark Spider-Man’s ... is his red and blue suit. een handelsmerk
to expire My bank card is about to ... , I have to get a new one. vervallen
Reading matters
absent-minded I asked if I could be of any help, but he seemed ... and did not hear afwezig, verstrooid
my question.
clumsy Being a ... person can get you in embarrassing situations, for exam- onhandig
ple when you spill a glass of wine on your hostess’ dress.
courageous It was incredibly ... of him to get out of the safety of his bunker and moedig
help his injured buddy.
skilled A ... mechanic usually does not have many problems in finding a job. bekwaam,
vaardig
forgetful My grandmother became … , asking my boyfriend’s name every time vergeetachtig
he came to visit.
ordinary Some expensive brand names in spring water, taste like ... tap water. gewoon, alledaags
imaginative We’ll have to find an ... solution to this problem. vindingrijk
passive Even in the veterinarian’s waiting room, Boomer, my dog, seemed passief
quiet, content and ... despite his injuries.
adventurous They didn’t like an average beach holiday, they preferred something avontuurlijk
more ... like canoeing in Sweden.
unassertive He was an ... , calm man. So much that nobody ever noticed him. bescheiden, niet
assertief
decisive She won the ... set with 6-2. beslissend,
daadkrachtig

Shuffle T his
understanding Luckily, the teacher was very ... when Lucy said she hadn’t been able begripvol
to study for her test.
insensitive He should find himself some friends who aren’t such ... jerks! ongevoelig
patient I would have been ... and willing to give her another chance, if she geduldig
hadn’t been so impolite.
impatient If you are an angry, ... driver, like many around you in the traffic jams, ongeduldig
then you experience a lot of frustration.
loving The children grew up in a ... and supportive family. liefhebbend
How to … Forms
an asterisk An ... usually indicates a required field. een sterretje (*)
an ID card You usually have to show your driver’s licence and ... when the police een identiteits-
stops you. kaart
a form Just complete the ... and we will send you your customer loyalty card. een formulier
a nickname He was given the ... ‘Einstein’ in high school, because of his interest een bijnaam
in phycics.
a padlock The box was secured with a ... and no one had the key. een hangslot
a password To prevent your ... from being hacked, you should use a password een paswoord,
that has at least 15 characters, at least one number and one up- wachtwoord
percase letter.
a secure site Anytime a web page asks you for sensitive information, you need to een beveiligde
be able to identify if it is a … . website
a username You will have to enter your ... and password before you can log in. een gebruikers-
naam
legible The teachers often complain that my handwriting is barely … . leesbaar
to apply With these grades, you can ... for any college or university you like! aanvragen,
solliciteren
to confirm You can ... your flight with the airline in just a few moments online. bevestigen
to register Her father ... the car in his name, to avoid a high insurance premium. registreren
to submit When entering the U.S., you have to ... fingerprints at border security. voorleggen,
afleveren


Made in America: Unit 3

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Unit 3 3

98 Unit 3 Made in America

1 Focus on … The American dream

1 Watch the basketball scene from the Pursuit of Happyness and

2) What’s Chris Sr.’s reaction at first?

3) On second thought, Chris reformulates his opinion. What does he say?

5) Do you notice anything about the title?

Middle-class, suburban President Obama

American Idol logo Steve Jobs Statue of Liberty

2b What can you say about the phrase?

Unit 3 Made in America 99

4a Vocabulary exercise. Answer the questions.

• a representative: a congressman or –woman or someone who represents others

• to represent: to stand for, to be equal of, to take the place of

noun adjective adverb verb

7) a representative 8) representative (of)

100 Unit 3 Made in America

noun adjective adverb verb

17) a coin 18) to coin money

20) politics 22) political 23) politically 24) to politicise

25) a capital 27) capital 28) to capitalise

29) capitalism 30) capitalist (syn. 31) capitalistically

Unit 3 Made in America 101

1 Every generation 45 investment results and crumbling

102 Unit 3 Made in America

1) to refer to a) to recognise and correctly name someone or something

2) a poll b) to go beyond expectations, or to go too far

5) to identify e) to promise that something is true or will happen

6) to exceed f) a questionnaire / survey done to gather information about a subject

7) a rate g) to come out, to appear

8) to require h) to accomplish, to achieve, to reach

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 9 9 1010 1111 12 12 13 1314 14

a) If biennial means ‘occurring every two years’, then … means ‘relating

1946-1965 Baby boomers

1977-1994 Millennials or generation Y

Unit 3 Made in America 103

a) Complete the labels on the x-axis.

Travel Secure Home Self Friends as part

Baby boomers Generation X Millennials

104 Unit 3 Made in America

6 Discuss. Personal answer.

2 The basics It isn’t complex!

subject verb rest of the sentence

This huge hole in the ground shows the earth ...

The Grand Canyon is gigantic.

It is 227 miles long.

All of the acreage totals 1904 square miles.

Water is responsible for most ...

Unit 3 Made in America 105

Neither, they are equally important.

Complex - compound sentences

7c Now study the sentences below, coming from the text.

These phrases cannot stand alone, they have no or a different meaning.

106 Unit 3 Made in America

Complex sentences with subordination

2) It takes twice as long to hike up … it does to hike down. as / although

Unit 3 Made in America 107

ur right make sure you lock the door

as if – although – if – while – as – like – because – due to – as soon as – even if – until – since –

1) Wait here … mum gets back. until

8) … you don’t mind, we’ll come with you. if

108 Unit 3 Made in America