Expected DI and Caselet on Probability for Upcoming Bank & Insurance Mains Exams

Data Interpretation & Caselet Questions Based on Probability

Directions (1 – 3): Study the following information b) 1/60
and answer the following questions: c) 1/15
A bunch of 10 bulbs contains 4 defective ones. Two d) 2/25
bulbs are selected at random from the bunch. Out of 10, e) 1/3
6 are red colour and 3 are red colour defective bulbs. 3. One is red colour defective and other is other colour
What is the probability that – non defective
1. Both the bulbs selected are defective? a) 3/5
a) 5/6 b) 2/5
b) 1/5 c) 1/3
c) 2/5 d) 2/3
d) 2/15 e) 1/10
e) 1/6 Directions (4 – 5): Study the following information
2. Red colour bulb but No one is defective? and answer the following questions:
a) 1/2

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Expected DI and Caselet on Probability for Upcoming Bank & Insurance Mains Exams

A bag has 24 mangoes, oranges and blue Apples. given below gives information about the probability of
Number of each type of fruit is different in the bag and drawing two pink balls, probability of drawing two red
difference between number of apples & number of balls, probability of drawing two black balls and
mangoes is same as difference between number of probability of drawing two green balls from these bags.
mangoes & number of oranges in the bag. Probability of Some of the data in the given table is missing, you will
selecting one orange from the bag is greater than 0.20 have to find the missing data.
and number of apples are maximum in the bag. Bag Probabilit Probabilit Probabilit Probabilit
(Mangoes > Oranges) s y of y of y of y of
4. Number of oranges in the bag can be? drawing drawing drawing drawing
(A) 6 two pink two red two black two green
(B) 7 ball ball ball ball
(C) 8 P 14/495 1/15 1/22 -
(D) 5 Q 9/119 2/119 - 4/85
(E) 9 R 2/87 1/29 2/145 -
a) Only option A, B, C possible S 7/282 - 15/376 35/376
b) Only option B, D & E possible T - 51/590 11/295 91/1770
c) Only option A, B, & D possible Added Information:
d) All of above options are possible 1. Total number of balls in bag P is 10 more than total
e) Only option C, D & E possible number of balls in bag Q.
5. Find the maximum possible probability of selecting 2. Total number of balls in bag T is 33.33% more than
two mangoes from the bag? number of balls in bag P.
a) 7/69 3. The ratio of number of balls in bag Q and bag R is 7:6
b) 7/64 respectively.
c) 7/72 5. Total number of balls in bag R is 37.5% less than total
d) 7/82 number of balls in bag S and total number of balls in bag
e) 7/81 S is 48.
Directions (6 – 10): Answer the questions based on 6. What is the probability of drawing two red balls from
the information given below. the bag S?
There are five different bags namely P, Q, R, S and T, all a) 15/376
of them contain different number of four different b) 35/376
coloured balls viz. Pink, Red, Black and Green. The table c) 39/376

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Expected DI and Caselet on Probability for Upcoming Bank & Insurance Mains Exams

d) 33/376 a) 41
e) None of these b) 43
7. What is the total number of black balls in all five bags c) 48
together? d) 44
a) 46 e) None of these
b) 44 Directions (11 – 13): Answer the questions based on
c) 42 the information given below.
d) 48 There are three bags viz. Bag A, Bag B, and Bag C
e) None of these containing 36, 32 and 48 balls respectively, each
8. In the question, two quantities I and II are given. You containing balls of three colours viz. Black, White and
have to solve both the quantities to establish the correct Grey. The ratio of number of Black balls to White balls
relation between Quantity-I and Quantity-II and choose in bag A and bag B is 3:2 and 2:3 respectively. The
the correct option. number of Grey balls in Bag A is equal to the number of
Quantity-I: Probability of drawing two green balls from White balls in bag C, and number of Black balls in bag C
bag P. is three times to the number of Grey balls in bag C. The
Quantity-II: Probability of drawing two black balls from ratio of number of Grey balls in bag A to the number of
bag Q. Grey balls in bag B is 4:3 and ratio of number of Grey
a) Quantity-I > Quantity-II balls in bag B to the number of Grey balls in bag C is
b) Quantity-I < Quantity-II 3:2.
c) Quantity-I ≤ Quantity-II 11. If ______ Pink balls are added to bag B and then a
d) Quantity-I = Quantity-II or No relation ball is randomly drawn from the bag, then the probability
e) Quantity-I ≥ Quantity-II that a White ball is drawn is ______.
9. If two balls are drawn from the bag T, then what is the The values given in which of the following options will
probability of getting one pink and one green ball? fill the blanks in the same order in which is it given to
a) 112/885 make the above statement true:
b) 117/885 A. 4, 1/3
c) 107/885 B. 8, 3/11
d) 104/885 C. 20, 3/13
e) None of these D. 16, 1/4
10. What is the total number of pink balls in all the five a) Only B and C
bags together? b) Only A and C

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Expected DI and Caselet on Probability for Upcoming Bank & Insurance Mains Exams

c) Only C and D A) 0.08

d) Only A, C and D B) 0.32
e) Only A, B and D C) 0.18
12. If two balls are randomly drawn from bag A then the D) 0.12
probability that both the balls are Grey in colour is E) None of these
_____? 15. Find the probability that India wins at least one of the
The value given in which of the following options will first two games.
fill the blank to make the above statement true: A) 0.48
a) 4/21 B) 0.32
b) 3/35 C) 0.56
c) 2/17 D) 0.52
d) 1/11 E) 0.58
e) None of these 16. Find the probability that India wins the first three
13. A ball is transferred from bag A to bag C and then a games.
ball is drawn from bag C. Find the probability that a A) 0.028
White ball is drawn from bag C if it is known that the B) 0.030
ball which is transferred from bag A to bag C is either C) 0.032
Black or White. D) 0.036
a) 16/49 E) 0.044
b) 52/147 17. Find the probability that India wins exactly one of the
c) 67/441 first three matches.
d) 82/441 A) 0.416
e) None of these B) 0.396
Directions (14 – 18): Study the following information C) 0.096
and answer the questions that follow: D) 0.404
In a bilateral cricket series between India and Australia, E) 0.214
the probability that India wins the first game is 0.4. If 18. Find the probability that India wins exactly one of the
India wins any game, the probability that it wins the next first two games.
game is 0.3; otherwise the probability is 0.2. A) 0.20
14. Find the probability that India wins the first two B) 0.40
games. C) 0.44

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Expected DI and Caselet on Probability for Upcoming Bank & Insurance Mains Exams

D) 0.36 e) none of these

E) 0.28 22. If 3 chocolates ate by Varun. What is the probability
Directions (19 – 20): Study the following information that all the gemstones are in same color?
and answer the questions that follow: a) 36/455
Three letters are written to three different persons and b) 34/455
addresses on three envelop are also written without c) 421/455
looking at the addresses. d) 419/455
19. What is the probability that all the letters go to right e) none of these
address? 23. If three gem stones are taken out at random, what is
a) 1/3 the probability that at least one is blue?
b) 2/3 a) 33/91
c) 1/6 b) 58/91
d) 1/9 c) 55/91
e) None of these d) 36/91
20. What is the probability that none of the letter goes to e) None of these
right address? Directions (24 – 25): Read the following carefully and
a) 5/6 Answer the Questions.
b) 1/3 Bag A contains 3 different color tiles.i.e, Yellow, white
c) 2/3 and brown. In that, there are 12 yellow tiles, 8 white tiles
d) 1/6 and X brown tiles. The probability of choosing Brown
e) None of these tiles 2/7. In Another Bag B, it contains, 12 blue tiles and
Directions (21 – 23): Study the information carefully number of red tiles was equal to five more tiles than
and answer the question asked below. brown tiles in Bag A.
A Gems packet contains 5 Red, 4 Blue and 6 Yellow 24. What is the probability of not choosing white color
gem stones. tiles in Bag A?
21. If two are picked randomly, then what is the a) 2/7
probability that either two balls are Red or Yellow? b) 3/7
a) 6/21 c) 5/7
b) 10/21 d) 1/7
c) 12/21 e) None of these
d) 5/21

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Expected DI and Caselet on Probability for Upcoming Bank & Insurance Mains Exams

25. What is probability choosing 2 tiles from bag B, if e) 14/93

both are same in color? 28. Three Balls are drawn at random from Bag A. What
a) 12/25 is the probability that at least two red balls are drawn?
b) 13/25 a) 1/13
c) 1/2 b) 2/13
d) 14/25 c) 4/13
e) None of these d) 8/13
Directions (26 – 30): Read the following information e) 7/13
carefully and answer the following questions 29. Three balls are drawn at random from Bag B. What is
carefully. The table shows different kinds of balls in the probability that at least one ball is of Red color?
each bag. a) 42/143
Types of Bag A Bag B Bag C b) 44/143
Balls c) 46/143
White 2 4 8 d) 83/143
Red 4 3 3 e) None of these
Green 6 2 6 30. Four balls are drawn at random from Bag A. What is
Yellow 3 4 5 the probability that all the balls are of different colors?
a) 42/455

26. Three balls are drawn at random from Bag A. What b) 44/455

is the probability that all the three are of same color? c) 46/455

a) 5/91 d) 48/455

b) 9/91 e) None of these

c) 15/91 Directions (31 – 35): Read the following information

d) 19/91 carefully and answer the following questions given

e) 14/93 below. The table below shows no of balls in different

27. Two balls are picked at random from Bag B. What is bags

the probability that both the balls are white color? Bags Red Yellow Blue Green
a) 1/13 A 4 7
b) 9/91 B 2 3 5
c) 15/91 C 6 4 8 5
d) 19/91 D 4 2 8

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E 2 4 e) None of these
F 3 5 4 34. If the number of total balls in bag E is 16 and yellow
and blue balls are in the ratio of 2:3 then find what is the
Note: All the questions are independent from each other probability of getting one blue ball and two green balls
31. If the probability of getting a red from bag A is 1/5 when three balls are picked at random?
when one ball is picked random and the number of a) 9/140
yellow balls are twice the blue balls then find the b) 3/121
probability of getting both yellow balls when 2 balls are c) 11/73
picked from bag A randomly? d) 6/117
a) 3/38 e) None of these
b) 3/10 35. If 3 blue balls are taken out from bag F and then one
c) 1/7 ball is picked at random from bag F then the probability
d) 6/11 of getting a blue ball is 1/3 then find how many balls
e) None of these were there in the bag initially?
32. If the number of red balls in bag D is 3/4 of the a) 8
yellow balls in bag C and 3 green balls are transferred b) 30
from bag B to bag D then find the probability of getting c) 17
at least one yellow ball from bag D when two balls are d) 21
picked at random from bag D? e) None of these
a) 3/38 Directions (36 – 39): Bar graph given below shows
b) 3/10 difference between red and blue balls in four
c) 7/19 different bags and total number of balls in these four
d) 6/11 bags. Read the data carefully and answer the
e) None of these questions.
33. If ‘x’ number of blue balls are added in Bag C then
the probability of getting a green ball when one ball is
picked at random is 1/6 then find the value of x?
a) 3
b) 10
c) 7
d) 6

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Expected DI and Caselet on Probability for Upcoming Bank & Insurance Mains Exams

25 d) 1
e) 2
20 38. If one ball is taken out from bag B and probability of
that ball being blue is 2/9 , then find the ratio of green
15 balls to red balls in the bag B?
a) 1: 2
10
b) 3 : 4
c) 3 : 8
5
d) 2 : 3

0 e) 4 : 5
A B C D 39. Red balls are more than blue balls in both bags A &
Difference between Red and Blue Balls C and ratio of blue balls in bag A to that of in bag C is
Total Balls in Bag 6:5. If One ball from the bag A and two balls from the
bag C are taken out and difference between probability
Note – Each bag contains three color of balls = Red +
of balls taken out from both the bag being red is 11/45 ,
Blue + Green
then what is the total number of green balls in bag A &
36. If three balls are taken out form the bag C, then what
bag C together?
will be probability such that maximum red balls are left
a) 9
in the bag?
b) 5
a) 2/3
c) 6
b) 8/15
d) 7
c) 2/5
e) 8
d) 3/5
Directions (40 – 44): There are total 5 different
e) None of these
showroom of cars J, K, L, M and N each showroom has
37. If one ball is taken out from each bag C & D and
4 types of cars – Dzire, Baleno, Ciaz and Ertige.
probability of both the balls being Red is 13/15, then find
Ratio of numbers of Dzire cars to Ciaz cars in showroom
difference between Green balls in both the bags? (Given-
is 3 : 2 and number of Baleno cars in showroom K is 3
red balls > blue balls in both bags and ratio of red balls
less than the Ertiga Car in that showroom.
in bag C to that of in bag D is 7 : 8)
Number of Dzire cars in showroom L is half of number
a) 0
of Ertiga cars in that showroom which is same as the
b) 4
number of Dzire cars in showroom J.
c) 3
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Number of Ciaz cars in showroom M is same number of d) 35

Dzire in showroom L which 4 less than the number of e) None of these
Baleno cars in showroom M. 43. If the probability of drawing Ciaz cars in showroom J
Number of Ertiga cars in showroom N is 3 which is same is twice to the probability of drawing Baleno cars in
as the number of Baleno in showroom K. showroom M then find the ratio of total cars in
Note: Total Number of Ciaz cars in showroom J and showroom J and M.
Baleno cars in showroom M together is 18. a) 2 : 5
40. If probability of drawing Ertiga cars in showroom L b) 5 : 2
is 2/15 then find the total numbers of cars in showroom c) 4 : 9
L. d) 9 : 4
a) 60 e) None of these
b) 75 44. The ratio of Baleno cars and Ciaz cars is 4 : 3 in
c) 90 showroom L and probability of drawing Dzire cars in
d) 100 showroom L is 2/20. What is the probability of drawing
e) 105 Baleno cars in that showroom.
41. Average of Dzire cars in showroom J, K and L is 9 a) 1/5
and the average of the all 4 types in showroom K is 6. b) 2/5
Find the probability that drawing Ciaz cars in showroom c) 3/5
K. d) 4/5
a) 1/2 e) None of these
b) 1/3 Directions (45 – 46): Two cards are drawn from a well
c) 1/4 shuffled pack of cards. If both card are spade, then a dice
d) 2/3 is thrown and if 2 diamond cards are drawn, then a coin
e) None of these is tossed. Otherwise operation is stopped.
42. The total number of Dzire cars in showroom J and L 45. What is the probability of getting 2 on dice.
is equal the Ertiga cars in showroom J and K. If the a) 1/17
probability of drawing Ertiga cars in showroom J is b) 1/6
(6/15) then find the total number of cars in showroom J c) 23/102
a) 20 d) 1/102
b) 25 e) 1/51
c) 30 46. What is the Probability of getting a head?

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a) 1/17 Directions (49 – 50): A mathematician is called for a

b) 19/34 birthday party of a child to show some tricks. The
c) 1/12 mathematician has three things to assist him in his tricks,
d) 1/2 which are a coin, a dice and a deck of cards. He does his
e) 1/34 tricks with the combination of the three or either two of
Directions (47 – 48): A bag has 24 yellow, pink and the three. He uses coin and cards to determine the age of
blue balls. Number of each balls is different in the bag a guest, dice and cards to count the number of guests in
and difference between number of blue balls & yellow the party. He uses all the three things to play a number
balls is same as difference between number of yellow game. He pulls off all the tricks by assigning specific
balls & pink balls (yellow balls > pink balls) in the bag. consecutive values to each outcome of the dice roll, coin
Probability of selecting one pink ball from the bag is toss and card draw.
greater than 1/5 and number of blue balls are maximum 49. In the number game, the mathematician asks a guest
in the bag. to choose a number greater than zero and less than 1000
47. Number of pink balls in the bag can be? and then uses the outcome of dice roll, coin toss and card
(A) 6 draw to guess the number. What is the probability that
(B) 7 the number chosen by the guest is one of the possible
(C) 8 outcomes of the mathematician’s method of determining
(D) 5 the number?
(E) 9 a) 601/504
a) Only option A, B, C possible b) 611/999
b) Only option B, D & E possible c) 654/935
c) Only option A, B, & D possible d) 624/999
d) All of above options are possible e) 999/624
e) Only option C, D & E possible 50. What is the probability that the mathematician will
48. Find the maximum possible probability of selecting guess the right age of a guest given that the correct age is
two yellow ball from the bag? one of the possible outcomes of the trick he uses to
a) 7/69 determine age?
b) 7/64 a) 1/54
c) 7/72 b) 1/40
d) 7/82 c) 1/35
e) 7/81 d) 1/125

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e) 1/104

Solutions and Detailed Explanations

1. Answer: D)
Given,
Total number of bulbs = 10
Number of defective bulbs = 4
Required probability =
= 4/10 × 3/9
= 2/15
2. Answer: C)
Given,
Number of red colours bulb = 6
Number of defective red colours bulb = 3
Number of good condition red bulbs = 6 – 3 = 3 Number of oranges in the bag can be = 6, 7 or 5

Required probability = 5. Answer: A)

= 3/10 × 2/9 The maximum possible probability of selecting two

3. Answer: E) Mangoes from the bag.

Number of bulbs = 10 = (8 × 7)/(24 × 23) = 7/69

Number of red colours bulb = 6 (6 – 10): Common Explanation:
Number of defective red colours bulb = 3 Total number of balls in bag S = 48
Number of other than red colours bulb = 10 – 6 = 4 Total number of balls in bag R = 0.625 × 48 = 30

Number of non defective other than red colours bulb = 4 Total number of balls in bag Q = 30/6 × 7 = 35
–1=3 Total number of balls in bag P = 35 + 10 = 45

Required probability = Total number of balls in bag T = 45/3 × 4 = 60

= 3/10 × 3/9 For Bag P:
= 1/10 Total number of balls in bag P = 45

4. Answer: C) Let number of pink balls in the bag be x

According to question:
x
C2/45C2 = 14/495
x(x – 1) = 14/495 × 45 × 44

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x(x – 1) = 56 x(x – 1) = 90
x2 – x – 56 = 0 x2 – x – 90 = 0
x2 – 8x + 7x – 56 = 0 x = 10 or x = -9
x(x – 8) + 7(x – 8) = 0 Since, the number of balls cannot be negative.
(x + 7)(x – 8) = 0 So, Number of pink balls = 10
x = -7 or x = 8 Similarly, Let number of red balls = ‘y’
y
Since, the number of balls cannot be negative. C2/35C2 = 2/119
So, Number of pink balls = 8 y(y – 1) = 2/119 × 35 × 34
Similarly, Let number of red balls = ‘y’ y2 – y = 20
y
C2/45C2 = 1/15 y2 – y – 20 = 0
y(y – 1) = 1/15 × 45 × 44 So, y = 5 or y = -4
y2 – y = 132 So, number of red balls = 5
y2 – y – 132 = 0 Similarly, Let the number green balls = ‘z’
z
So, y = 12 or y = -11 C2/35C2 = 4/85
So, number of red balls = 12 z(z – 1) = 4/85 × 35 × 34
Similarly, Let the number black balls = ‘z’ z2 – z – 56 = 0
z
C2/45C2 = 1/22 So, z = 8 or z = -7
z(z – 1) = 1/22 × 45 × 44 So, number of green balls in the bag = 8
z2 – z – 90 = 0 Number of black balls in the bag = 35 – (10 + 5 + 8) =
So, z = 10 or z = -9 12
12
So, number of black balls in the bag = 10 Probability of drawing two black balls = C2/35C2 = (12
Number of green balls in the bag = 45 – (8 + 12 + 10) = × 11)/(35 × 34) = 66/595
15 For Bag R:
15
Probability of drawing two green balls = C2/45C2 = (15 Total number of balls in bag R = 30
× 14)/(45 × 44) = 7/66 Let number of pink balls in the bag be x
For Bag Q: According to question:
x
Total number of balls in bag Q = 35 C2/30C2 = 2/87
Let number of pink balls in the bag be x x(x – 1) = 2/87 × 30 × 29
According to question: x(x – 1) = 20
x
C2/35C2 = 9/119 x2 – x – 20 = 0
x(x – 1) = 9/119 × 35 × 34 x2 – 5x + 4x – 20 = 0

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x(x – 5) + 4(x – 5) = 0 (x + 7)(x – 8) = 0

(x + 4)(x – 5) = 0 x = -7 or x = 8
x = -4 or x = 5 Since, the number of balls cannot be negative.
Since, the number of balls cannot be negative. So, Number of pink balls = 8
So, Number of pink balls = 5 Similarly, Let number of black balls = ‘y’
y
Similarly, Let number of red balls = ‘y’ C2/48C2 = 15/376
y
C2/30C2 = 1/29 y(y – 1) = 15/376 × 48 × 47
y(y – 1) = 1/29 × 30 × 29 y2 – y = 90
y2 – y = 30 y2 – y – 90 = 0
y2 – y – 30 = 0 So, y = 10 or y = -9
So, y = 6 or y = -5 So, number of black balls = 10
So, number of red balls = 6 Similarly, Let the number green balls = ‘z’
z
Similarly, Let the number black balls = ‘z’ C2/48C2 = 35/376
z
C2/30C2 = 2/145 z(z – 1) = 35/376 × 48 × 47
z(z – 1) = 2/145 × 30 × 29 z2 – z – 210 = 0
z2 – z – 12 = 0 So, z = 15 or z = -14
So, z = 4 or z = -3 So, number of green balls in the bag = 15
So, number of black balls in the bag = 4 Number of red balls in the bag = 48 – (8 + 10 + 15) = 15
15
Number of green balls in the bag = 30 – (5 + 6 + 4) = 15 Probability of drawing two red balls = C2/48C2 = (15 ×
15
Probability of drawing two green balls = C2/30C2 = (15 14)/(48 × 47) =35/376
× 14)/(30 × 29) = 7/29 For Bag T:
For Bag S: Total number of balls in bag T = 60
Total number of balls in bag S = 48 Let number of red balls in the bag be x
Let number of pink balls in the bag be x According to question:
x
According to question: C2/60C2 = 51/590
x
C2/48C2 = 7/282 x(x – 1) = 51/590 × 60 × 59
x(x – 1) = 7/282 × 48 × 47 x(x – 1) = 306
x(x – 1) = 56 x2 – x – 306 = 0
x2 – x – 56 = 0 x2 – 18x + 17x – 306 = 0
x2 – 8x + 7x – 56 = 0 x(x – 18) + 17(x – 18) = 0
x(x – 8) + 7(x – 8) = 0 (x + 17)(x – 18) = 0

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x = -17 or x = 18 s y of y of y of y of
Since, the number of balls cannot be negative. drawing drawing drawing drawing
So, Number of red balls = 18 two pink two red two black two green
Similarly, Let number of black balls = ‘y’ ball ball ball ball
y /60
C2 C2 = 11/295 P 14/495 1/15 1/22 7/66
y(y – 1) = 11/295 × 60 × 59 Q 9/119 2/119 66/595 4/85
y2 – y = 132 R 2/87 1/29 2/145 7/29
2
y – y – 132 = 0 S 7/282 35/376 15/376 35/376
So, y = 12 or y = -11 T 4/59 51/590 11/295 91/1770
So, number of black balls = 12
Similarly, Let the number green balls = ‘z’ 6. Answer: B)
z 60
C2/ C2 = 91/1770 Desired Probability = 35/376
z(z – 1) = 91/1770 × 60 × 59 7. Answer: D)
2
z – z – 182 = 0 Total number of black balls in all five bags together = 48
So, z = 14 or z = -13 8. Answer: B)
So, number of green balls in the bag = 14 Quantity I = 7/66 = 0.106
Number of pink balls in the bag = 60 – (18 + 12 + 14) = Quantity II = 66/595 = 0.11
16 So, Quantity II > Quantity I
16 60
Probability of drawing two pink balls = C2/ C2 = (16 × 9. Answer: A)
15)/(60 × 59) = 4/59 Desired Probability = (16C1 × 14C1)/60C2 = 112/885
Distribution of number of balls in different bags can be 10. Answer: E)
summarized as: Total number of pink balls in all the five bags together =
Bags Pink Red Black Green Total 47
balls balls balls Balls 11. Answer: D)
P 8 12 10 15 45 Let the number of Black balls and White balls in bag A
Q 10 5 12 8 35 be 3x and 2x respectively,
R 5 6 4 15 30 So the number of Grey balls in bag A = 36 – (3x + 2x) =
S 8 15 10 15 48 (36 – 5x)
T 16 18 12 14 60 Let the number of Black balls and White balls in bag B
The missing table can be summarized as: be 2y and 3y respectively.
Bag Probabilit Probabilit Probabilit Probabilit

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So the number of Grey balls in bag B = 32 – (2y + 3y) = For option D:

(32 – 5y) Probability that a White ball is drawn = 12/(32 + 16) =
Let the number of Black balls and Grey balls in bag C be 12/48 = 1/4
3z and z respectively. So, option D can be the answer.
So the number of White balls in bag C = (48 – 4z) 12. Answer: A)
According to question, Let the number of Black balls and White balls in bag A
36 – 5x = 48 – 4z be 3x and 2x respectively,
4z – 5x = 12 … (i) So the number of Grey balls in bag A = 36 – (3x + 2x) =
Also, (36 – 5x)/(32 – 5y) = 4/3 (36 – 5x)
108 – 15x = 128 – 20y Let the number of Black balls and White balls in bag B
20y – 15x = 20 be 2y and 3y respectively.
4y = 3x + 4 … (ii) So the number of Grey balls in bag B = 32 – (2y + 3y) =
Also, (32 – 5y)/z = 3/2 (32 – 5y)
64 – 10y = 3z … (iii) Let the number of Black balls and Grey balls in bag C be
Solving equations (i), (ii), and (iii), we get, 3z and z respectively.
x = 4, y = 4, z = 8 So the number of White balls in bag C = (48 – 4z)
So, bag A contains 12 Black, 8 White and 16 Grey balls, According to question,
bag B contains 8 Black, 12 White and 12 Grey balls and 36 – 5x = 48 – 4z
bag C contains 24 Black, 16 White and 8 Grey balls. 4z – 5x = 12 … (i)
For option A: Also, (36 – 5x)/(32 – 5y) = 4/3
Probability that a White ball is drawn = 12/(32 + 4) = 108 – 15x = 128 – 20y
12/36 = 1/3 20y – 15x = 20
So, option A can be the answer. 4y = 3x + 4 … (ii)
For option B: Also, (32 – 5y)/z = 3/2
Probability that a White ball is drawn = 12/(32 + 8) = 64 – 10y = 3z … (iii)
12/40 = 3/10 Solving equations (i), (ii), and (iii), we get,
So, option B can’t be the answer. x = 4, y = 4, z = 8
For option C: So, bag A contains 12 Black, 8 White and 16 Grey balls,
Probability that a White ball is drawn = 12/(32 + 20) = bag B contains 8 Black, 12 White and 12 Grey balls and
12/52 = 3/13 bag C contains 24 Black, 16 White and 8 Grey balls.
So, option C can be the answer. Therefore, required probability = 16C2/36C2= 4/21

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13. Answer: D) So the probability that a White ball is drawn = (8/36) ×

Let the number of Black balls and White balls in bag A (17/49) = 34/441
be 3x and 2x respectively, Probability that ball drawn is White in colour = (16/147)
So the number of Grey balls in bag A = 36 – (3x + 2x) = + (34/441) = (48 + 34)/441 = 82/441
(36 – 5x) 14. Answer: D)
Let the number of Black balls and White balls in bag B P(Win first game)* P(Win second game)= 0.4*0.3=0.12
be 2y and 3y respectively. 15. Answer: D)
So the number of Grey balls in bag B = 32 – (2y + 3y) = P(won at least 1 game)= 1- P(won no games)
(32 – 5y) =1- [P(lost 1st game)*P(lost second game)]
Let the number of Black balls and Grey balls in bag C be =1- [(1-0.4)*(1-0.2)] (0.2)
3z and z respectively. in the second bracket because after losing the first game
So the number of White balls in bag C = (48 – 4z) the probability of wining the second match is 0.2. So 1-
According to question, 0.2 is the probability of losing that game too.
36 – 5x = 48 – 4z 16. Answer: D)
4z – 5x = 12 … (i) 0.4*0.3*0.3= 0.036
Also, (36 – 5x)/(32 – 5y) = 4/3 17. Answer: D)
108 – 15x = 128 – 20y This problem can be solved in three parts
20y – 15x = 20 Part 1- India wins first game and loses second and third
4y = 3x + 4 … (ii) part 2= Lose + Win + Lose
Also, (32 – 5y)/z = 3/2 Part 3= Lose + Lose+ Win
64 – 10y = 3z … (iii) P (Part 1)= India wins first game * India loses second
Solving equations (i), (ii), and (iii), we get, game* India loses third game
x = 4, y = 4, z = 8 = 0.4 * (1-0.3)* (1-0.2)= 0.4*0.7*0.8 = 0.224
So, bag A contains 12 Black, 8 White and 16 Grey balls, P (Part2)= India loses first game * Wins second game *
bag B contains 8 Black, 12 White and 12 Grey balls and Loses third game
bag C contains 24 Black, 16 White and 8 Grey balls. = (1-0.4)* 0.2 * (1-0.3)= 0.6*0.2*0.7= 0.084
Case I: If a Black ball is transferred from bag A P (Part 3)= L*L*W = (1-0.4)* (1-0.2) * 0.2=
So the probability that a White ball is drawn = (12/36) × 0.6*0.8*0.2= 0.096
(16/49) = 16/147 P= P1+P2+P3= 0.404
Case II: If a White ball is transferred from bag A 18. Answer: B)

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Part 1= Won first * Lost Second= 0.4* (1-0.3)= = 220 +66+4

0.4*0.7=0.28 = 290
Part 2= Lost First* Won second = (1-0.4)*0.2= Total probability = 15C3 = (15*14*13/3*2*1) =455
0.6*0.2=0.12 Possible probability = 290/455 =58/91
P= 0.28+0.12=0.40 Another Method:
19. Answer: C) Probability atleast one is blue = 1- Probability of None is
There are 6 combination of letters put into the envelop, blue
n(s)= 6 Probability of None is blue= 11C3/15C3
All the letters put into right envelop is only in E1. =>11*10*9/15*14*13
Hence, required probability= 1/6 =>33/91
20. Answer: B) Probability atleast one is blue = 1- Probability of None is
There are 6 combination of letters put into the envelop, blue
n(s)= 6 =>1-(33/91)
None of the letters put into right envelop is E4 and E5 =>58/91
Hence, required probability= 2/6 = 1/3 24. Answer: C)
21. Answer: D) First we have to find the no. of brown tiles,
All are Red = 5C2 = (5*4/2) =10 2/7 = X / (12+8+X)
All are Yellow = 6C2 = (6*5 /2) =15 2* (20+X) = 7X
Total probability = 15C2 = (15*14/2) = 105 40+2X = 7X
Either all are Red or all are yellow =10/105 +15/105 5X =40
= 25/105 =5/21 X=8
22. Answer: B) Probability of choosing white color tiles,
All are in blue = 4C3 = (4*3*2/2*3) =4 = 8 / (8+8+12)
All are in Red = 5C3 = (5*4*3/2*3) =10 = 2/7.
All are in Yellow = 6C3 = (6*5*4/2*3) =20 Not Choosing = 1-(2/7) = 5/7
Total probability = 15C3 = (15*14*13/3*2*1) =455 25. Answer: A)
Possible probability = 4/455 + 10/455 +20/455 Red tiles = X+5 =8+5 =13
= 34 /455 Blue tiles = 12
23. Answer: B) Total probability = 13C2 +12C2
Possible probability = (4C1*11C2) + (4C2*11C1) + = [(13*12) /2] + [(12*11)/2]
(4C3*11C0) = [78 +66] = 144

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No. of probability= 25C2 = (2C1)*(4C1)*(6C1)*(3C1)/15C4

= [(25*24) /2] =(2*4*6*3*4*3*2)/(15*14*13*12)
= 25*12 = 300 = 48/455
Probability = 144/300 = 12/25. 31. Answer (a)
26. Answer: a) Let the number of blue balls in the bag A be x
The probability that all the three balls are of same color Yellow balls= 2x
= (4C3 + 6C3+ 3C3)/ 15C3 So,
= (4+20+1)*6/15*14*13 Total balls= 4+7+x+2x= 3x+11
= 25*6/15*14*13 4C1/ (3x+11)C1 = 1/5
= 5/91 4/(3x+11) = 1/5
27. Answer: a) 3x+11= 20
Probability of both the balls of white color 3x= 20-11
= 4C2/13C2 3x= 9
= 6/ 78 x= 3
= 1/13 Blue balls= 3
28. Answer: b) Yellow balls= 6
The probability that at least two red balls are drawn Probability of getting two yellow balls= 6C2/20C2=
= (4C1*11C1+4C3)/15C3 15/190 = 3/38
= (66+4)*6/ (15*14*13) 32. Answer: C)
= 70*6/ (15*14*13) Number of red balls in bag D = 3*4/4= 3
= 2/13 Number of green balls in bag D= 8+3= 11
29. Answer: d) Probability of not getting a yellow ball= 16C2/20C2=
Probability of picking no red balls 120/ 190 = 12/19
= 10C3/13C3 Probability of getting at least one yellow ball= 1- 12/19=
= 120/286 7/19
So, Probability of at least two red balls 33. Answer: C)
= 1- 120/286 Total number of balls in bag C= 23
= 166/286 After addition= 23+x
= 83/143 So,
30. Answer: d) 5C1/(23+x)C1= 1/6
The probability that all the balls are of different colors 5/(23+x) = 1/6

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30= 23+x
x= 7
Number of blue balls added(x) = 7 balls
34. Answer: A)
Number of blue and yellow balls= 16-6= 10
Number of blue balls= 2*10/5= 4
Number of yellow balls = 10- 4= 6
So,
Required probability= (6C1 * 4C2)/ 16C3 = 9/140
35. Answer: D)
Let the number of blue balls in bag F initially be x
Balls taken out= x-3 38. Answer: B)
Balls left = 3+5+4+x-3= x+9
So,
(x-3)C1/(x+9)C1 = 1/3
x-3 / x+9= 1/3
3x- 9= x+9
2x= 18
x= 9
So, number of blue balls initially = 9
Total balls in the bag initially= 9+3+4+5= 21balls 39. Answer: D)
36. Answer: A)

(40 – 44): Common Explanation:

37. Answer: E)
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=> C = 6
Ciaz cars in showroom L = 6
Probability that drawing of Ciaz cars in showroom K =
Favourable outcome/Total outcomes
= 6/24 = 1/4
42. Answer: C)
⇒ 2x + 3x/2 + 4 = 18
⇒ 7x /2 = 14
⇒x=4
According to question,
Dzire cars in showroom J and L = Ertiga cars in
showroom J and K
40. Answer: C)
12 + 6 = n + 6
⇒ 2x + 3x/2 + 4 = 18
⇒ n = 12
⇒ 7x /2 = 14
Probability of drawing Ertiga cars in showroom J = 6/15
⇒x=4
=> 12/x = 6/15
Let the total number of cars in showroom L be N.
=> x = 30
So, probability of drawing Ertiga cars = 2/15
∴ Total number of cars 30 in showroom J.
According to question,
43. Answer: A)
⇒ 12/N = 2/15
⇒ 2x + 3x/2 + 4 = 18
⇒ N = 90
⇒ 7x /2 = 14
∴ The total cars in showroom L is 90.
⇒x=4
41. Answer: C)
Let total cars in showroom J be x1 and showroom M be
⇒ 2x + 3x/2 + 4 = 18
x2
⇒ 7x /2 = 14 Probability of drawing Ciaz cars in showroom J = 8/x1
⇒x=4 Probability of drawing Baleno cars in showroom M =
Average of Dzire cars in showroom J, K, L = 9 10/x2
=> (12 + x + 6)/3 = 9 According to question,
=> x = 9 ⇒ 8/x1 = 2 × 10/x2
Dzire cars in showroom L = 9 ⇒ x1/x2 = 2/5
Average of all 4 types cars in showroom L = 6
⇒ x1 : x2 = 2 : 5
=> (9 + 3 + C + 6)/4 = 6
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44. Answer: B)
⇒ 2x + 3x/2 + 4 = 18
⇒ 7x /2 = 14
⇒x=4
Probability of drawing Dzire cars in showroom L = 2/20
=> 6/x = 2/20
⇒ x = 60
Total number of cars = 60
Number of (Dzire cars + Baleno cars + Cias cars + Ertiga
cars) = 60
Number of (Baleno cars + Ciaz cars) = 60 – 6 – 12 = 42
Ratio of number of Baleno cars and Ciaz cars = 4 : 3
⇒ Baleno cars = 4/7 × 42 = 24
47. Answer: C)
Probability of drawing Baleno cars = 24/60 = 2/5
45. Answer: D)
48. Answer: A)

49. Answer: D)
46. Answer: E)
The mathematician uses coin, dice and cards to guess the
number
Number of possible outcomes of a dice roll = 6
(47 – 48): Common Explanation: Number of possible outcomes of a card draw = 52
Number of possible outcomes of a coin toss = 2
Total number of possible outcomes = 6 × 52 × 2 = 624
Number of options available to the guest = 1 to 999
∴ Required Probability = 624/999
50. Answer: E)

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The mathematician uses coin and cards to determine age
of the person
Number of possible outcomes of a coin toss = 2
Number of possible outcomes of a card draw = 52
Total number of possible outcomes = 2 × 54 = 104
Mathematician assigns 1 value to each outcome
therefore, he assigns 104 values to the outcomes
Only 1 out of all the possible outcomes is correct,
therefore the probability that the mathematician will
guess the correct age = 1/104

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