EMPHASIS

 INVERSION
a. I invert the order as if I were asking a question ( aux+
person+ verb)
b. The inversion can take place in either the 1st or the 2nd
part of the sentences
1st part—NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO
AT NO TIME
LITTLE
UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES
ON NO ACCOUNT
NO SOONER….THAN
RARELY
SELDOM
NEVER
NEVER BEFORE

2ND PART- ONLY (AFTER/BEFORE/WHEN)

NOT UNTIL
c. To give emphasis
d. To be more formal
 INVERTING THE ORDER WITH PREPOSITIONS

ITSY BITSY SPIDER

WENT UP THE WATER SPOUT
DOWN CAME THE RAIN
AND WASHED THE SPIDER OUT
OUT CAME THE SUN
AND DRIED UP ALL THE RAIN
AND ITSY BITSY SPIDER
WENT UP THE SPOUT AGAIN
 BEGINNING THE SENTENCE WITH AN ADVERB (i don’t use
inversion with auxiliary; i only invert the order of the
words)
Here comes the sun
Here comes the bride
There goes the poor beggar
Such was the impact that we decided to leave the venue
So good was the lecture that the university decide to hire him
again
So exhausted were the runners that none of them

 REPLACING THE MAIN VERB WITH ITS CORRESPONDING

AUXILIARY
a. Agreeing and disagreeing
JOHN: I LIKE TENNIS --------I don´t like tennis
YOU: SO DO I (me too) -----NEITHER DO I

JOHN : I like tennis ------ I don´t like tennis

YOU: I DON´T -------------- I DO

WRITING-
 FORMAL ENGLISH
 COMPLEX SENTENCES
 NO CONTRACTIONS
 EMPHATIC STRUCTURES ( INVERSION…)
 COLLOCATIONS- ADVERBS + ADJECTIVES

GRADABLE vs UNGRADABLE ADJECTIVES

  GRADABLE ----they have different levels ( grades)
--- MOST of the adj are gradable ; they can be
made WEAKER or STRONGER}
DIFFICULT – very, extremely, a bit, incredibly, really,
terribly, quite, slightly, rather, somewhat, fairly, relatively
 UNGRADABLE- extreme or have absolute qualities
CORRECT- completely- absolutely- totally- utterly- really
- It´s very near or almost there
98 0ut of 100 points. Almost- nearly-
practically- virtually

PICTURE
2A
1. Absolutely, completely, rather, really, totally, very
DIFFERENT-
2. Bitterly, extremely, incredibly, rather, really, very
DISAPPOINTED
3. Extremely, incredibly, rather, really, very EXCITED
4. Absolutely, completely, really, totally, virtually EMPTY
5. Extremely, incredibly, rather, really, very EXPENSIVE
6. Absolutely, completely, really, totally, virtually PERFECT
7. Extremely, incredibly, rather, really, very QUIET
8. Extremely, incredibly, rather, really, very RELIEVED
9. Absolutely, completely, extremely, incredibly, really,
totally, virtually UNSPOILT