E Eng-Calculations

Hydrodynamic calculation butterfly valve

lattice disc

Q
air
α
Qmax
D

+M H +F x
Φ
+F y
+F

0.3D 0.5D
e
sD

+F bx

+F by

0.5D

Butterfly valve (lattice disc)

 E Eng-Calculations

sD

b
e

D
L
a

20° 0 °
1 4
Lattice disc

Values for calculation

Valve diameter

D 2000 mm

Length from the axis of rotation to the outer edge of the disc

LD 250 mm

Dimension a

a 700 mm

Dimension b

b 700 mm

Dimension c

c 260 mm
 E Eng-Calculations
Max diameter of the disc seal

Ds 1950 mm

Flow

30
3
Qmax m /s

Rated net head

H 100 m

Gravitational acceleration

g 9.81 m/s
2

The water temperature

T 20 °C

Density

ρ 998.6 kg/m
3

Saturated vapor pressure

PT 2339.2 Pa

Water hammer

ΔP 20 m

Valve axis position to sea level

h 0 m

Air density

1.225
ρ 3
air kg/m

Atmospheric pressure

pa 101325 Pa

Aeration
 E Eng-Calculations
n yes

Eccentricity

e 20 mm

Closing time

t 10 s

Pipe length behind valve

L 30 m

Loss coefficient

ζ 0.1439

Calculation
Velocity in valve
6 6
4 ⋅ 10 ⋅ Qmax 4 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 30
vmax = = = 9.55m/s
2 2
π ⋅ D π ⋅ 2000

Theoretical pressure in the valve at full opening

2 2
vmax 9.55
Δh = ⋅ (ζ + 1) = ⋅ (0.1439 + 1) = 5.32m
2 ⋅ g 2 ⋅ 9.81

Pressure parameter
Δh 5.32
p = = = 0.0532
H 100

Effective closing time factor

cef = 0.505

Under-pressure behind the valve

L ⋅ vmax 30 ⋅ 9.55
Pu = min ( , 10.34) = min ( , 10.34) = 5.78m
g ⋅ t ⋅ cef 9.81 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 0.505
 E Eng-Calculations
Requirements
0 < p ≤ 1 → 0 < 0.0532 ≤ 1

Does suit.

Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient

of of of of
Angle hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic
from force on a force on a force on force on Hydraulic
open Flow disc in the disc in the body in body in torque
position coefficient axis x axis y the axis x the axis y coefficient

α KQ Kx Ky Kbx Kby Km

0 0.935 0.219 -0.178 0.278 -0.082 0.001

5 0.905 0.239 0.298 0.303 0.16 0.056

10 0.786 0.301 0.629 0.365 0.32 0.09

15 0.704 0.38 0.776 0.458 0.381 0.11

20 0.645 0.46 0.868 0.545 0.381 0.119

25 0.558 0.53 0.905 0.605 0.371 0.107

30 0.482 0.59 0.905 0.65 0.336 0.092

35 0.41 0.64 0.885 0.685 0.305 0.08

40 0.343 0.7 0.752 0.716 0.245 0.069

45 0.287 0.725 0.672 0.74 0.212 0.058

50 0.243 0.779 0.6 0.776 0.18 0.048

55 0.204 0.826 0.52 0.811 0.155 0.04

60 0.162 0.858 0.453 0.833 0.125 0.034

65 0.119 0.889 0.38 0.856 0.098 0.026

 E Eng-Calculations
Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient
of of of of
Angle hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic
from force on a force on a force on force on Hydraulic
open Flow disc in the disc in the body in body in torque
position coefficient axis x axis y the axis x the axis y coefficient

α KQ Kx Ky Kbx Kby Km

70 0.09 0.921 0.31 0.892 0.073 0.02

75 0.065 0.957 0.235 0.934 0.044 0.014

80 0.042 0.984 0.16 0.978 0.023 0.008

85 0.02 0.999 0.075 0.998 0.005 0.003

90 0 1 0 1 0 0
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-K x [−]

-●-K y [−]

-●-K bx [−]

-●-K by [−]

α[°]

Coefficient of force
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-K Q [−]

α[°]

Flow coefficient
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-K m [−]

α[°]

Hydraulic torque coefficient

Angle
Angle between pipe Reduced free Flow of Water
from axis and flow area in the water velocity
open Loss hydraulic throttle control Relative in the in
position coefficient force system flow pipeline pipeline

α ζ ϕ fr Qp Q v

3
° ° m /s m/s

0 0.1439 -39.1 1 1 30 9.55

5 0.221 51.3 0.968 0.998 29.95 9.53

10 0.619 64.4 0.841 0.989 29.67 9.45

15 1.018 63.9 0.753 0.98 29.41 9.36

20 1.404 62.1 0.69 0.972 29.16 9.28

25 2.212 59.6 0.597 0.955 28.65 9.12

30 3.304 56.9 0.516 0.934 28.01 8.92

35 4.949 54.1 0.4385 0.904 27.12 8.63

 E Eng-Calculations
Angle
Angle between pipe Reduced free Flow of Water
from axis and flow area in the water velocity
open Loss hydraulic throttle control Relative in the in
position coefficient force system flow pipeline pipeline

α ζ ϕ fr Qp Q v

3
° ° m /s m/s

40 7.5 47.05 0.3668 0.863 25.9 8.24

45 11.14 42.83 0.307 0.813 24.4 7.77

50 15.94 37.6 0.2599 0.759 22.78 7.25

55 23.03 32.19 0.2182 0.696 20.88 6.65

60 37.1 27.83 0.1733 0.607 18.2 5.79

65 69.6 23.14 0.1273 0.4863 14.59 4.644

70 122.5 18.6 0.0963 0.3868 11.6 3.693

75 235.7 13.8 0.0695 0.2893 8.68 2.763

80 565.9 9.24 0.04492 0.1914 5.74 1.828

85 2499 4.293 0.02139 0.0924 2.772 0.882

90 1.0E+200 0 0 0 0 0
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-ζ[−]

α[°]

Loss coefficient

2
1 − K
Q
ζ =
2
K
Q
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-ϕ[°]

α[°]

Angle between pipe axis and hydraulic force

Ky
−1
ϕ = tan ( )
Kx
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-f r [−]

-●-Q p [−]

α[°]

Coefficients

KQ
fr =
KQmax

fr
Qp =
2
√p + fr ⋅ (1 − p)
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-Q[m 3
/s]

-●-v[m/s]

α[°]

Flow and speed of water in the pipeline

Q = Qp ⋅ Qmax

v = Qp ⋅ vmax

Angle from open Loss of pressure on the Pressure on the Cavitation

position valve valve number

α HL Hv σ

° m m

0 0.669 5.32 20.58

5 1.023 5.7 19.14

10 2.813 7.64 14.04

15 4.545 9.52 11.09

20 6.16 11.28 9.22

25 9.38 14.77 6.82

30 13.39 19.15 5.05

 E Eng-Calculations
Angle from open Loss of pressure on the Pressure on the Cavitation
position valve valve number

α HL Hv σ

° m m

35 18.8 25.07 3.642

40 25.98 32.96 2.552

45 34.27 42.15 1.799

50 42.71 51.6 1.306

55 51.9 62 0.94

60 63.5 75.3 0.62

65 76.5 90.9 0.3698

70 85.1 101.6 0.2456

75 91.7 110.4 0.1668

80 96.4 117.4 0.1171

85 99.2 122.6 0.0893

90 100 125.8 0.0803

 E Eng-Calculations
-●-H L [m]

-●-H v [m]

α[°]

Loss of height on valve and pressure height on Butterfly valve

2
v
HL = ⋅ ζ
2 ⋅ g

2
v
Hv = HL + + (1 − Qp ) ⋅ (ΔP + Pu )
2 ⋅ g
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-σ[−]

α[°]

Cavitation number

pa − P T
+ H − HL
ρ ⋅ g
σ =
Hv

Forces on Forces on The force at

Angle from disc in axis disc in axis Forces the valve axis The force at
open position x y on disc x the valve axis y

α Fx Fy F Fbx Fby

° kN kN kN kN kN

0 34.06 -27.69 43.9 45.49 -13.42

5 39.86 49.7 63.7 53.2 28.07

10 67.3 140.6 155.9 85.8 75.2

15 105.8 216.1 240.7 134.2 111.6

20 151.8 286.4 324.1 189.1 132.2

25 229.1 391.2 453.3 275.1 168.7

30 330.6 507.1 605.3 383.1 198

 E Eng-Calculations
Forces on Forces on The force at
Angle from disc in axis disc in axis Forces the valve axis The force at
open position x y on disc x the valve axis y

α Fx Fy F Fbx Fby

° kN kN kN kN kN

35 469.5 649.2 801.1 528.6 235.4

40 675.1 725.3 990.8 726.4 248.6

45 894 828.7 1219 959.9 275

50 1175.9 905.7 1484.3 1232.2 285.8

55 1497.1 942.5 1769.1 1546.3 295.5

60 1890.3 998 2137.6 1930.5 289.7

65 2363 1010.1 2569.8 2393.5 274

70 2738.8 921.9 2889.8 2790.3 228.4

75 3090.9 759 3182.7 3173.3 149.5

80 3379 549.4 3423.4 3532.9 83.1

85 3582.9 269 3593 3765.2 18.86

90 3679.8 0 3679.8 3870.9 0

 E Eng-Calculations
-●-F x [kN]

-●-F y [kN]

-●-F [kN]

α[°]

Forces on the disc

2
π ⋅ Ds
Fx = ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K x
9
4 ⋅ 10

2
π ⋅ Ds
Fy = ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K y
9
4 ⋅ 10

2 2
F = √Fx + Fy
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-F bx [kN]

α[°]

Forces on the body x

2
π ⋅ Ds
Fbx = ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ Kbx
9
4 ⋅ 10
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-F by [kN]

α[°]

Forces on the body y

2
π ⋅ Ds
Fby = ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ Kby
9
4 ⋅ 10

Moment
Force from the
Angle Hydraulic parallel Force axis of the
from torque to the perpendicular trunnion Moment
open without axis of to the axis of to the axis from Hydraulic
position eccentricity the disc the disc of the disc eccentricity torque

α M Fe1 Fe2 MLD Me MH

° kNm kN kN kNm kNm kNm

0 0.3862 34.06 -27.69 0.3406 -0.554 0.1731

5 23.19 35.38 53 0.3538 1.06 24.6

10 49.95 41.85 150.2 0.4185 3.003 53.4

15 76.1 46.29 236.2 0.4629 4.723 81.3

 E Eng-Calculations
Moment
Force from the
Angle Hydraulic parallel Force axis of the
from torque to the perpendicular trunnion Moment
open without axis of to the axis of to the axis from Hydraulic
position eccentricity the disc the disc of the disc eccentricity torque

α M Fe1 Fe2 MLD Me MH

° kNm kN kN kNm kNm kNm

20 97.5 44.67 321 0.4467 6.42 104.3

25 114.8 42.31 451.3 0.4231 9.03 124.3

30 128 32.75 604.4 0.3275 12.09 140.4

35 145.7 12.21 801.1 0.1221 16.02 161.8

40 165.2 51 989.5 0.51 19.79 185.5

45 177.6 46.21 1218.1 0.4621 24.36 202.4

50 179.9 62 1483 0.62 29.66 210.2

55 180 86.7 1767 0.867 35.34 216.2

60 186 80.8 2136 0.808 42.72 229.5

65 171.6 83.2 2568.5 0.832 51.4 223.8

70 147.7 70.5 2888.9 0.705 57.8 206.1

75 112.3 66.8 3182 0.668 63.6 176.6

80 68.2 45.67 3423.1 0.4567 68.5 137.1

85 26.71 44.31 3592.7 0.4431 71.9 99

90 0 0 3679.8 0 73.6 73.6

 E Eng-Calculations
-●-M [kNm]

-●-M LD [kNm]

-●-M e [kNm]

α[°]

Torque of the disc

3
D s ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K m
M =
12
10

−Fe1 ⋅ 0.12 ⋅ D + Fe1 ⋅ LD

MLD =
3
10

Fe2 ⋅ e
Me =
3
10
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-F e1 [kN]

α[°]

Force on the disc F e1

π
Fe1 = F ⋅ sin((90 − α − ϕ) ⋅ )
180
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-F e2 [kN]

α[°]

Force on the disc F e2

π
Fe2 = F ⋅ cos((90 − α − ϕ) ⋅ )
180
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-M H [kNm]

α[°]

Hydraulic torque

MH = M + MLD + Me

Angle from open Coefficient of under-pressure Under-pressure in the Air

position of aerated hole aerated pipeline flow

α fair pair Qair

3
° Pa m /s

0 0 0 0

5 0.815 3870.3 0.0536

10 1.63 8016.3 0.3256

15 2.445 12020.4 0.591

20 2.932 14443.1 0.842

 E Eng-Calculations
Angle from open Coefficient of under-pressure Under-pressure in the Air
position of aerated hole aerated pipeline flow

α fair pair Qair

3
° Pa m /s

25 3.419 17015.2 1.345

30 4.977 23889.5 1.987

35 6.54 30223.5 2.876

40 8.09 35734.1 4.102

45 11.68 46417.8 4.881

50 15.26 54454.4 7.22

55 18.84 59568.4 9.12

60 22.42 60552.7 11.8

65 26 57609.4 15.41

70 29.58 55243.1 18.4

75 33.16 53103.4 21.32

80 36.74 52009.6 24.26

85 40.32 52963.5 27.23

90 43.9 56595 30
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-f air [−]

α[°]

Coefficient of under-pressure of aerated hole

 E Eng-Calculations
-●-p air [Pa]

α[°]

Under-pressure in the aerated pipeline

2
vmax L ⋅ vmax ⋅ ρ
pair = min (pa , fair ⋅ ⋅ ρ + (1 − Qp ) ⋅ min ( , pa ))
2 ⋅ g t ⋅ cef
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-Q air [m
3
/s]

α[°]

Air flow

pa
- if P u <
2

Qair = min (Qmax − Q, 0.2 ⋅ Q)

pa
- if P u ≥
2

Qair = max (Qmax − Q, 0.2 ⋅ Q)

Angle from open Air The flow area of the The flow area of the
position velocity aerated hole aerated pipeline

α vair Aair Aair−pipe

2 2
° m/s m m

0 0 0 0
 E Eng-Calculations
Angle from open Air The flow area of the The flow area of the
position velocity aerated hole aerated pipeline

α vair Aair Aair−pipe

2 2
° m/s m m

5 55.6 0.000963 0.001072

10 80.1 0.004066 0.00651

15 98.1 0.00603 0.01182

20 107.5 0.00783 0.01683

25 116.7 0.01153 0.02691

30 138.2 0.01437 0.03974

35 155.5 0.0185 0.0575

40 169.1 0.02426 0.082

45 192.7 0.02533 0.0976

50 208.7 0.03458 0.1443

55 218.3 0.04176 0.1823

60 220.1 0.0536 0.2361

65 214.7 0.0718 0.3082

70 210.2 0.0875 0.3679

75 206.1 0.1034 0.4264

80 204 0.1189 0.4852

85 205.8 0.1323 0.545

90 212.8 0.141 0.6

 E Eng-Calculations
-●-v air [m/s]

α[°]

Air velocity

2 ⋅ pair
vair = min (0.7 ⋅ √ , 250)
ρ
air
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-A air [m
2
]

α[°]

The flow area of the aerated hole

Qair
Aair =
vair
 E Eng-Calculations
-●-A air−pipe [m
2
]

α[°]

The flow area of the aerated pipeline

- if v air > 50

Qair
Aair−pipe =
50

- if v air ≤ 50

Aair−pipe = Aair