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Metre unit

The metre which is used for measuring the energy utilised by the electric
load is known as the energy metre. The energy is the total power consumed
and utilised by the load at a particular interval of time. It is used in domestic
and industrial AC circuits for measuring the power consumption. The metre is
less expensive and accurate .

Metering Units represent the secondary values for the

current and voltage transformers. That is, Metering Units
are the values present at the voltage and current inputs at
the back of the meter
For both types of reactor construction, there are two more considerations that have an effect
on the protection.

Types of Energy Metres

The energy metres are classified into two basic categories, such as:

● Electromechanical Type Induction Metre

● Electronic Energy Metre

Energy metres are classified into two types by taking the following factors

into considerations:

● Types of displays analog or digital electric metres.

 ● Types of metering points: secondary transmission, grid, local and
primary distribution.
● End applications like commercial, industrial and domestic purpose
● Technical aspects like single phases, three phases, High Tension
(HT), Low Tension (LT) and accuracy class materials.

The electricity supply connection may be either single phase or three

phase depending on the supply utilised by the domestic or commercial

installations.

Single Phase Electromechanical Induction Energy Metre

It is a well-known and most common type of age-old energy metre. It comprises a rotating

aluminium disc placed on a spindle between two electromagnets. The rotation speed of the disc is

proportional to the power, and this power is integrated by the use of gear trains and counter

mechanism. It is made of two silicon steel laminated electromagnets: shunt and series magnets.
The principle of working and construction of an induction type metre is very

simple and easy to understand. That's why these are widely used in measuring energy

in domestic as well as the industrial world. In all induction metres, we have two

fluxes which are produced by two different alternating currents on a metallic disc.

Due to alternating fluxes, there is an induced emf, the emf produced at one point (as

shown in the figure given below) interacts with the alternating current of the other

side resulting in the production of torque.

Similarly, the emf produced at point two interacts with the alternating current at

point one, resulting in the production of torque again but in opposite direction.

Hence due to these two torques which are in different directions, the metallic disc

moves. This is the basic principle of working of an induction type metre.

Working of Single phase induction type Energy

Metre

The basic working of Single phase induction type Energy Metre is only focused on
two mechanisms:

1. Mechanism of rotation of an aluminium disc which is made to rotate at a

speed proportional to the power.
2. Mechanism of counting and displaying the amount of energy transferred.
3.
Single phase induction type energy metre is also popularly known as watt-hour
metre.

Induction type energy metre essentially consists of following components:

1. Driving system

2. Moving system

3. Braking system and

4. Registering system
Electronic meter
Electronic meters are becoming increasingly popular nowadays. An electronic
meter has a LED/LCD display on which the readings of the electricity
consumption of the connected appliances.

The readings are digital in the electronic metres in contrast to the

electromechanical metres.
The metres have sustainable life over 5 years, no wear and tear and
measure accurately under any conditions, These are much more
efficient than the electromechanical metres in the sense that they do
register every small unit of electricity consumed.

Measures accurately in the various tempered conditions such as reverse

tamper, earth tamper, immune to DC influence and distribute phase
sequence.