3B. Gravitation - Problems (183 - 213)

NEET-PHYSICS-VOL- II GRAVITATION
8. The period of moon’s rotation around the earth

LEVEL - I (C.W) is nearly 29 days. If moon’s mass were 2 fold
its present value and all other things remain
KEPLER’S LAWS unchanged, the period of moon’s rotation
1. If ‘A’ is areal velocity of a planet of mass M, would be nearly (in days)
its angular momentum is 1) 29 2 2) 29/ 2 3) 29 3 4) 29
2 9. If the mass of earth were 2 times the present
1) M/A 2) 2MA 3) A 2M 4) AM
mass, the mass of the moon were half the
2. A planet revolves round the sun in an elliptical
present mass and the moon were revolving
orbit of semi minor and semi major axes x and
round the earth at the same present distance,
y respectively. Then the time
the time period of revolution of the moon would
period of revolution is proportional to
be (in days)
3 3 3
1) ( x + y ) 2 2) ( y − x ) 2 3) x 2
3
4) y 2 1) 56 2) 28 3) 14 2 4) 7
3. Let ‘A’ be the area swept by the line joining LAW OF GRAVITATION
the earth and the sun during Feb 2012. The 10. Two spheres of masses m and M are situated
area swept by the same line during the first in air and the gravitational force between them
week of that month is is F. The space between the masses is now
1) A/4 2) 7A/29 3) A 4) 7A/30 filled with a liquid of specific gravity 3. The
4. A satellite moving in a circular path of radius gravitational force will now be
‘r’ around earth has a time period T. If its F F
radius slightly increases by 4%, then 1) 2) 3F 3) F 4)
9 3
percentage change in its time period is 11. The gravitational force between two bodies is
1) 1% 2) 6% 3) 3% 4) 9% 6.67 × 10 −7 N when the distance between their
5. The time of revolution of planet A round the centres is 10m. If the mass of first body is 800
sun is 8 times that of another planet B. The kg, then the mass of second body is
distance of planet A from the sun is how many 1) 1000 kg 2) 1250 kg 3) 1500 kg 4) 2000 kg
times greater than that of the planet 12. Two identical spheres each of radius R are
B from the sun (2002A) placed with their centres at a distance nR,
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 5 where n is integer greater than 2. The
6. The distance of Neptune and Saturn from the gravitational force between them will be
Sun are respectively 1013 and 1012 meters and proportional to
their periodic times are respectively Tn and 1) 1 R 4 2) 1 R 2 3) R 2 4) R 4
13. A satellite is orbiting round the earth. If both
Ts . If their orbits are circular, then the value gravitational force and centripetal force on the
of Tn / Ts is satellite is F, then, net force acting on the
satellite to revolve round the earth is
1
1) 100 2) 10 10 3) 4) 10 1) F/2 2)F 3)2F 4) Zero
10 10
14. Mass M=1 unit is divided into two parts X and
7. The Earth moves around the Sun in an (1–X). For a given separation the value
of X for which the gravitational force between
elliptical orbit as shown in the figure. The ratio them becomes maximum is
OA 1) 1/2 2) 3/5 3) 1 4) 2
= x . Then, ratio of the speed of the Earth
OB ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY AND
at B and at A is nearly ITS VARIATION
15. If g on the surface of the earth is 9.8 m / s 2 ,
B
Earth its value at a height of 6400 km is (Radius
O
A 1) x 2) x 3) x x 4) x 2 of the earth = 6400km).
Sun
1)4.9ms –2 2)9.8ms –2 3)2.45ms –2 4)19.6ms –2
NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 183
GRAVITATION NEET-PHYSICS-VOL- II
16. If g on the surface of the earth is 9.8ms −2 , its 23. Particles of masses m1 and m2 are at a fixed
value at a depth of 3200km (Radius of the r r
distance apart. If the gravitational field
earth = 6400km) is strength at m1 and m2 are I 1 and I 2
respectively. Then,
1) 9.8ms −2 2) zero 3) 4.9ms −2 4) 2.45ms−2 ur uur uur ur
17. If mass of the planet is 10% less than that of 1) m1 I1 + m2 I 2 = 0 2) m1 I2 + m2 I1 = 0
earth and radius of the planet is 20% greater ur uur uur ur
than that of earth then the weight of 40kg 3) m1 I1 − m2 I 2 = 0 4) m1 I2 − m2 I1 = 0
person on that planet is GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL,
1)10 kg wt 2)25 kg wt 3)40 kg wt 4)60 kg wt POTENTIAL ENERGY
18. The angular velocity of the earth with which it 24. The PE of three objects of masses 1kg, 2kg
has to rotate so that the acceleration due to and 3kg placed at the three vertices of an
gravity on 600 latitude becomes zero is equilateral triangle of side 20cm is
1) 2.5 ×10−3 rad s −1 2) 1.5 × 10−3 rad s −1 1) 25G 2) 35G 3) 45G 4) 55G
25. A small body is initially at a distance ‘r’ from
3) 4.5 ×10−3 rad s −1 4) 0.5× 10−3 rad s −1 the centre of earth. ‘r’ is greater than the
19. Assume that the acceleration due to gravity radius of the earth. If it takes W joule of work
on the surface of the moon is 0.2 times the to move the body from this position to
acceleration due to gravity on the surface another position at a distance 2r measured
of the earth. If Re is the maximum range of from the centre of earth, how many joules
a projectile on the earth's surface, what is would be required to move it from this position
the maximum range on the surface of the to a new position at a distance of 3r from the
moon for the same velocity of projection centre of the earth.
1) W/5 2) W/3 3) W/2 4) W/6
1) 0.2Re 2) 2 Re 3) 0.5R e 4) 5Re 26. A body of mass ‘m’ is raised from the surface
20. The value of acceleration due to gravity on of the earth to a height ‘nR’ (R -radius of
the surface of earth is x. At an altitude of ‘h’ earth). Magnitude of the change in the
from the surface of earth, its value is y. If R is gravitational potential energy of the body is
the radius of earth, then the value of h is (g - acceleration due to gravity on the surface
 x   y  of earth) (2007M)
y x
1)  y −1 R 2)  x −1 R 3) R 4) R  n   n−1 mgR mgR
    x y 1)  mgR 2)  mgR 3)
GRAVITATIONAL FIELD  n+1  n  n ( )
4) n−1
INTENSITY 27. A person brings a mass 2 kg from A to B. The

increase in kinetic energy of mass is 4J and
21. The point at which the gravitational force
work done by the person on the mass is − 10J .
acting on any mass is zero due to the earth
and the moon system is (The mass of the earth The potential difference between B and A is
is approximately 81 times the mass of the ....... J / kg
moon and the distance between the earth and 1) 4 2) 7 3) -3 4) -7
the moon is 3,85,000km.) 28. The work done in lifting a particle of mass ‘m’
1) 36,000km from the moon from the centre of earth to the surface of the
2) 38,500km from the moon earth is
3) 34500km from the moon 1
1) –mgR 2) mgR 3) Zero 4) mgR
4) 30,000km from the moon 2
22. Masses 2 kg and 8 kg are 18 cm apart. The 29. The figure shows two shells of masses m1 and
point where the gravitational field due to them
is zero is m2 . The shells are concentric. At which point,
1)6 cm from 8 kg mass 2) 6 cm from 2 kg mass a particle of mass m shall experience zero
3)1.8 cm from 8 kg mass 4) 9 cm from each mass force?
184 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY
m1
1) A 2) B Ve
1) V e = 2) Ve = 2Ve1
1
m2
4
3) C 4) D
D C B A
3) Ve = 2Ve1 4) Ve1 = 2Ve
37. A satellite revolves in a circular orbit with
1
speedV =
30. Energy required to shift a body of mass ‘m’ Ve . If satellite is suddenly stopped
from an orbit of radius 2R to 3R is (2002A) 3
GMm GMm GMm GMm and allowed to fall freely on to earth, the speed
1) 2) 3) 4)
12R 3R 2 8R 6R with which it hits earth’s surface is
ESCAPE & ORBITAL VELOCITIES
gR 2
31. The ratio of escape velocities of two planets if 1) gR 2) 3) 2gR 4) gR
3 3
g value on the two planets are 9.9 m / s 2
38. A space station is set up in space at a distance
and 3.3m / s2 and their radii are 6400km and
equal to earth’s radius from the surface of
3200km respectively is
earth. Suppose a satellite can be launched
1) 2.36 : 1 2) 1.36 : 1 3) 3.36 : 1 4) 4.36 : 1
32. The escape velocity from the surface of the from the space station also. Let
earth of radius R and density ρ v1 and v2 be the escape velocities of the
2π ρ G 2π ρ G satellite on the earth’s surface and space
1) 2 R 2) 2
3 3 station respectively, then
R 2π G ρ 1) v2 = v1 2) v2 < v1 3) v2 > v1
3) 2π 4)
g R2 4) 1, 2 and 3 are valid depending on the mass of
33. A body is projected vertically up from surface satellite.
of the earth with a velocity half of escape
velocity. The ratio of its maximum height of EARTH SATELLITE
ascent and radius of earth is 39. The orbital speed for an earth satellite near
1) 1 : 1 2) 1 : 2 3) 1 : 3 4) 1 : 4 the surface of the earth is 7 km/sec. If the
34. A spaceship is launched in to a circular orbit radius of the orbit is 4 times the radius of the
of radius ‘R’ close to the surface of earth. The earth, the orbital speed would be
additional velocity to be imparted to the 1) 3.5 km/sec 2) 7 km/sec
spaceship in the orbit to overcome the earth’s 3) 7 2 km/sec 4) 14 km/sec
gravitational pull is (g = acceleration due to 40. Two satellites are revolving round the earth
gravity) at different heights. The ratio of their
orbital speeds is 2 : 1. If one of them is at a
1) 1.414Rg 2) 1.414 Rg
height of 100km, the height of the other
3) 0.414Rg 4) 0.414 gR satellite is ( in km)
35. The escape velocity from the earth is 11 km/ 1) 19600 2)24600 3) 29600 4) 14600
s. The escape velocity from a planet having 41. A satellite of mass m revolves around the
twice the radius and same density as that of earth of radius R at a height x from its surface.
the earth is (in km/sec) If g is the acceleration due to gravity on the
1) 22 2) 15.5 3) 11 4) 5.5 surface of the earth, the orbital speed of the
36. An object of mass ‘m’ is at rest on earth’s satellite is
surface. Escape speed of this object is Ve . 1/2
 gR 2  gR 2 gR
Same object is orbiting earth with h = R , then 1) gx 2)   3) 4)
 R +x  R+x R−x
escape speed is Ve1 . Then

42. Two satellites M and N go around the earth 49. Two satellites of masses 400 kg, 500 kg are
revolving around earth in different circular
in circular orbits at heights of RM a n d RN orbits of radii r1 , r2 such that their kinetic
respectively from the surface of the earth. energies are equal. The ratio of r1 to r2 is
Assuming the earth to be a uniform sphere 1) 4 : 5 2) 16 : 25 3) 5 : 4 4) 25 : 16
50. The kinetic energy needed to project a body
of radius RE , the ratio of velocities of the of mass m from earth’s surface (radius R ) to
VM infinity is
satellites V is mgR mgR
N
1) 2) 2mgR 3) mgR 4)
2 4
RN + RE
2
 RM  RN + RE RN GEOSTATIONARY AND POLAR SATELLITES
1)   2) 3) R + R 4)
 RN  RM + RE M E RM 51. Orbital speed of geo-stationary satellite is
1) 8km/sec from west to east
43. A satellite of mass ‘m’ revolves round the earth 2) 11.2km/sec from east to west
of mass ‘M’ in a circular orbit of radius‘r’ with 3) 3.1km/sec from west to east
an angular velocity ‘ω ’. If the angular 4) Zero
velocity is ω /8 then the radius LEVEL-1 (C.W) - KEY
of the orbit will be
1) 4r 2) 2r 3) 8r 4) r 1)2 2)4 3) 2 4)2 5)3 6)2
7)2 8)4 9)3 10)3 11)2 12)4
44. The moon revolves round the earth 13 times
13)2 14)1 15)3 16)3 17)2 18)1
in one year. If the ratio of sun-earth distance
19)4 20)1 21)2 22)2 23)1 24)4
to earth-moon distance is 392, then the ratio
25)2 26)1 27)4 28)2 29)4 30)1
of masses of sun and earth will be 31)1 32)1 33)3 34)4 35)1 36)3
1) 365 2) 356 × 10 −12 3) 3.56 × 10 5 4) 1 37)4 38)2 39)1 40)1 41)2 42)2
45. A satellite is launched into a circular orbit of 43)1 44)3 45)2 46)3 47)3 48)1
radius R around the earth. A second satellite 49)1 50)3 51)3
is launched into an orbit of radius 1.01 R. The LEVEL-1(C.W) - HINTS
time period of the second satellite is larger dA L
than that of the first one by approximately 1. =
dt 2 M
1) 0.5% 2) 1.5% 3) 1% 4) 3%
2. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2α r 3
46. An astronaut orbiting in a spaceship round the
earth has a centripetal acceleration of 3. For 29 days - A, For 1 day - A/29 ,
For 1 week - 7A/29,
2.45 m / s2 . The height of spaceship from
∆T 3 ∆R
earth’s surface is (R= radius of earth) 4. T 2α r 3 , T × 100 = 2 R × 100
1) 3R 2) 2R 3) R 4) R / 2
3
ENERGY OF SATELLITES T r 2
47. A satellite moves around the earth in a circular 5. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2α r 3 , 1 =  2 
T2  r1 
orbit with speed ‘v’. If ‘m’ is mass of the
satellite then its total energy is 3
T r 2
1 2 1 3 6. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2α r 3 , 1 =  2 
1) mv 2) mv2 3) – mv2 4) mv2 T2  r1 
2 2 2
48. The K.E. of a satellite in an orbit close to the 7. From conservation of angular momentum
surface of the earth is E. Its max K.E. so as mv r = Constant, v1r1 = v2 r2
to escape from the gravitational field of the 8. Time period does not depend upon the mass of the
earth is. satellite
1) 2E 2) 4E 3) 2 2 E 4) 2 E

28. W = GPE2 − GPE1 ; ∆GPE = mgh

3
r
9. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T = 2π h
GM 1+
10. Gravitational force does not depend upon the R
29. The gravitational field intensity at a point inside the
medium between the masses.
spherical shell is zero.
G m1 m2 Fg × R 2 GMm  1 1 
11. Fg = ⇒ m2 = 30. W=T.E 2 − T . E1 =  − 
R2 Gm1 2  r2 r1 
G m1 m2 4 31. Ve = 2 gR ⇒ Ve ∝ gR
12. F= 2
; Herem = π R 3
R 3
2GM 4
13. Gravitational force provides centripetal force. 32. Ve = but M = π R ρ
3
R 3
G × m (1 − x) mx 1
14. F = 2
is maximumwhen x = R
R 2
33. h = 2 Here n = 2
n −1
R2  d
( )
gh
= 16. g ' = g 1 −  34. V = Ve − V0 = 2gR − gR = gR 2 −1
15. g
(R + h) ;
2
 R
1 Gmn
35. Ve ∝ R ρ ; 36. 2 mv 0 − ( R+h ) = O ;
2
GM M
17. g = 2 ⇒ g α 2
R R
37. V = Ve2 − 2V02
18. g − Rω cos λ = 0 , given λ = 60 , Find ω
2 2 0
38. From the surface of earth
u2 1 Escape velocity v1 =
2GM
19. Rmax = ⇒ Rmax ∝ R
g g
1 GMm
mv 22 − =0
G M G M 2 2R
20. x = , y =
(R )
2
R 2 + h GM 1 GM 1
39. V0 = ⇒ V0 ∝ ; 40. V0 = R+ h
⇒V0 ∝
r r R+ h
d
x=
m2 GM gR 2 GM 1
21. distance of null point +1 41. V 0 = = ;42. V0 = R+ h
⇒V0 ∝
m1 R+h R+x R +h
1
43. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2 ∝ r 3 ⇒ ω α
d 2
x=
m2 r3
22. distance of null point +1
m1 r3
44. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2 α
r Gm r G m1 M
23. I1 = 2 2 and I 2 = − ∆T 3 ∆r
d2 45. T ∝ R ⇒ × 100 = × 100
32
d
T 2 r
Gm1 m2
24. GPE (U ) = Use ,U net = U 1 + U 2 + U 3 2
gR 1 2
46. a =
r1 2
; 47.TE = -KE = - mv
(R + h )
2
2
G m1 m2
25. W = GPE2 − GPE1 Here, GPE = K 2 gR
48. K = gR ⇒ K e = 2 K 0
r12 e
0
mgh
26. ∆GPE = GMm m
1+
h 49. KE = ⇒ KE ∝ ⇒ m ∝ r
2r r
R
1
27. W = m (∆V ) + ∆KE 50. KE = mVe2 ; 51. Vo = g(R+ h)
2

8. A planet moves around the sun in elliptical

LEVEL - I (H.W) orbit. When earth is closest from the sun, it is
at a distance r having a speed v. When it is at
KEPLER’S LAWS a distance 4r from the sun its speed is
1. In planetary motion, the areal velocity of v v
position vector of a planet depends on angular 1) 4v 2) 3) 2v 4)
4 2
velocity (ω ) and the distance of the planet
from sun (r). If so, the correct relation for areal 9. A planet of mass ‘m’ is in an elliptical orbit
velocity is (2003E) about the sun ( m << M ) with an orbital time
dA dA period ‘T’. If ‘A’ be the area of the orbit then
1) ∝ωr 2) ∝ ω r
2
dt dt its angular momentum is

dA dA 2mA mA
3) ∝ ωr2 4) ∝ ωr 1) 2) mAT 3) 4) 2mAT
dt dt T 2T
2. If a and b are the nearest and farthest LAW OF GRAVITATION
distances of a planet from the sun and the 10. The gravitational force between two particles
planet is revolving in elliptical orbit, then of masses m1 andm2 seperated by certain
square of the time period of revolution of that
planet is proportional to distance in air medium is F. If they
are taken to vacuum and separated by the
3) ( a + b ) 4) ( a − b )
3 3
1) a 3 2) b3 same distance, then the gravitational force
3. Let ‘A’ be the area swept by the line joining between them will be
the earth and the sun during Feb 2007. The 1) greater than F 2) less than F
area swept by the same line during the first 3) F 4) Zero
week of that month is 11. The mass of a ball is four times the mass of
1) A/4 2) 7A/29 3) A 4) 7A/30 another ball. When these balls are separated
4. The period of a satellite in an orbit of radius by a distance of 10cm, the gravitational force
R is T. Its period of revolution in an orbit of between them is 6.67 × 10−7 N . The masses of
radius 4R will be the two balls are ( in kg)
1) 2T 2) 2 2T 3) 4T 4) 8T 1) 10 , 20 2) 5 , 20 3) 20 , 30 4) 20 , 40
5. The period of revolution of an earth's satellite 12. Gravitational force between two point masses
close to the surface of earth is 60 minutes. m and M separated by a distance r is F. Now
The period of another earth's satellite in an if a point mass 3m is placed next to m, the
orbit at a distance of three times earth's radius force on M due to m becomes
from its surface will be (in minutes) 1) F 2) 2F 3) 3F 4) 4F
1) 90 2) 90 × 8 3) 270 4) 480 13. Three uniform spheres each of mass m and
6. If a planet of mass m is revolving around the diameter D are kept in such a way that each
sun in a circular orbit of radius r with time touches the other two, then magnitude of the
period T, then mass of the sun is gravitational force on any one sphere due to
the other two is
1) 4π 2r3 / GT 2) 4π 2r3 / GT2
3G m 2 2 3G m 2 3G m 2 3G m 2
3) 4π 2 r / GT 4) 4π 2r 3 / G2T2 1) 2) 3) 4)
D2 D2 4D 2 D2
7. The period of revolution of a planet around the 14. A 3 kg mass and a 4 kg mass are placed on x
sun in a circular orbit is same as that and y axes at a distance of 1 metre from
of period of similar planet revolving around a the origin and a 1 kg mass is placed at the
star of twice the radius of first orbit and ‘M’ is origin. Then the resultant gravitational force
the mass of the sun and mass of star is on 1 kg mass is
1) 2M 2) 4M 3) 8M 4) 16M 1) 7G 2) G 3) 5G 4) 3G

ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITATIONAL FIELD INTENSITY

GRAVITY AND ITS VARIATION 23. There are two bodies of masses 100Kg and
15. The height at which the value of g is half that 1000Kg separated by a distance 1m. The
on the surface of earth of radius R is intensity of gravitational field at the mid point
1) R 2) 2R 3) 0.414R 4) 0.75R of the line joining them will be
16. The depth at which the value of g becomes 1) 2.4 × 10−6 N / kg 2) 2.4×10−7 N / kg
25% of that at the surface of earth is (in Km) 3) 2.4 ×10−8 N / kg 4) 2.4×10−9 N / kg
1)4800 2)2400 3) 3600 4) 1200 24. Masses 4 kg and 36 kg are 16 cm apart. The
17. If the radius of earth decreases by 10%, the point where the gravitational field due to them
mass remaining unchanged, then the is zero is
acceleration due to gravity 1)6 cm from 4 kg mass 2)4 cm from 4 kg mass
1) decreases by 19% 2) increases by 19% 3)1.8 cm from 36 kg mass 4)9 cm from each mass
3) decreases by more than 19% 25. Two particles of masses 4Kg and 8Kg are
4) increases by more than 19% kept at x = - 2m and x = 4m respectively. Then,
18. The acceleration due to gravity at the poles the gravitational field intensity at the origin is
is 10ms −2 and equatorial radius is 6400km for 1) G 2) 2G 3) G/2 4) G/4
the earth. Then the angular velocity of rotation 26. Three particles each of mass m are kept at
of the earth about its axis so that the weight the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side
of a body at the equator reduces to 75% is L. The gravitational field at the centre due to
these particles is
1 1 1 -1 1 -1 3GM 9GM 2GM
-1 -1
1) 1600 rads 2) 800 rads 3) rads 4) rads
400 200 1) Zero 2) 2 3) 2 4)
L L L2
19. The maximum horizontal range of a projectile GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL,
on the earth is R. Then for the same velocity
POTENTIAL ENERGY
of projection, its maximum range on another
27. Three particles each of mass m are placed at
5R
planet is . Then, ratio of acceleration due the corners of an equilateral triangle of side
4
b. The gravitational potential energy of the
to gravity on that planet and on the earth is
system of particles is
1) 5:4 2) 4:5 3) 25:16 4) 16:25
20. A particle hanging from a massless spring −3Gm2 −Gm2 −3Gm2 −Gm2
1) 2) 3) 4)
stretches it by 2 cm at earth’s surface. How 2b 2b b b
much will the same particle stretch the spring 28. If W is the weight of a satellite on the surface
at a height of 2624 Km from the surface of of the earth, then the energy required to launch
the earth? (Radius of earth = 6400 Km) that satellite from the surface of earth into a
1) 1cm 2) 2cm 3) 3cm 4) 4cm circular orbit of radius 3R is (here R is the
21. The value of acceleration due to gravity ‘g’ radius of earth)
on the surface of a planet with radius double 1) 5WR/6 2) 6WR/5 3) 2WR/3 4) 3WR/2
that of earth and same mean density as that 29. A body of mass m is lifted from the surface of
of the earth is ( g e = acceleration due to earth to a height equal to R/3 where R is the
radius of earth, potential energy of the body
gravity on the surface of earth)
increases by
1) gp = 2ge 2) gp = ge / 2 3) gp = ge / 4 4) gp = 4ge 1) mgR/3 2) mgR/4 3) 2mgR/3 4) mgR/9
22. If g is acceleration due to gravity on the 30. An object of mass 2 Kg is moved from infinity
surface of the earth, having radius R, the to a point P. Initially that object was at rest
height at which the acceleration due to gravity but on reaching P its speed is 2m/s. The
reduces to g/2 is workdone in moving that object is -4J.
( )
R Then potential at P is ...........J/Kg.
1) R/2 2) 2R 3) 2 4) 2 −1 R 1) 8 2) - 8 3) 4 4) - 4

31. If mass of earth is M, radius is R, and should be given to the space craft so that it
gravitational constant is G, then workdone to might escape the earth’s gravitational pull
take 1Kg mass from earth surface to infinity 1) 20.2Kms −1 2) 3.25Kms −1 3) 8Kms−1 4) 11.2Kms−1
will be 40. If the escape velocity on earth is 11.2 km/s,
GM GM 2GM GM its value for a planet having double the radius
1) 2) 3) 4) and 8 times the mass of earth is..(in km/sec)
2R R R 2R
1) 11.2 2) 22.4 3) 5.6 4) 8
32. A body of mass m is placed on the earth surface
is taken to a height of h = 3R, then, change in 41. The escape velocity of a body from earth
gravitational potential energy is surface is Ve . The escape velocity of the
mgR 2mgR 3mgR mgR same body from a height equal to 7R from
1) 2) 3) 4) earth surface will be
4 3 4 6
33. A body is released from height 5R where R is Ve Ve Ve Ve
1) 2) 3) 4)
the radius of the earth. Then that body reaches 2 2 2 2 4
the ground with a velocity equal to 42. Escape velocity of a body from the surface of
5 gR 3gR the earth is V1 and from an altitude equal to
1) 2) 3) 5 gR 4) 3gR
3 5 twice the radius of the earth , escape velocity
34. The difference in PE of an object of mass 10kg is V2 . Then,
when it is taken from a height of 6400km to
12800 km from the surface of the earth is 1) V1 = V2 2) V1 = 7V2 3) V1 = 3V2 4) V1 = 2V2
(M E = 6 ×1024 kg )
EARTH SATELLITES
43. The ratio of the orbital speeds of two satellites
1) 1.045 × 108 J 2) 1.565 × 108 J of the earth if the satellites are at heights
3) 2.65 × 10 8 J 4) 4.5 ×10 8 J 6400km and 19200km (Radius of the earth =
6400 km)
35. If the gravitational potential energy of a body
at a distance r from the centre of the earth is 1) 2:1 2) 3:1 3) 2:1 4) 3:1
U, then its weight at that point is 44. An artificial satellite is revolving in a circular
orbit at height of 1200 km above the surface
U2 U
of the earth. If the radius of the earth is
1) U 2) 3) U 2 r 4)
r r 6400km and mass is 6 × 10 24 kg, the orbital
ESCAPE & ORBITAL SPEEDS
36. The escape velocity of an object on a planet velocity is ( G = 6.67 ×10 −11 Nm 2 / kg 2 )
whose radius is 4times that of the earth and ‘g’ 1) 7.26kms −1 2) 4.26kms −1
value 9 times that on the earth, in kms -1, is 3) 9.26kms−1 4) 2.26kms −1
1) 33.6 2) 67.2 3) 16.8 4) 25.2
45. The mean radius of the orbit of a satellite is 4
37. The escape velocity of a sphere of mass ‘m’ is
times as great as that of a parking orbit of
given by the earth. Then its period of revolution around
2GMm 2 GM 2GMm 2GM the earth is
1) Re
2) Re2 3) 2
Re
4) Re 1) 4 days 2) 8 days 3) 16 days 4) 96 days
46. If the mass of earth were 4 times the present
38. A body is projected up with a velocity equal to mass, the mass of the moon were half the
3/4th of the escape velocity from the surface present mass and the moon were revolving
of the earth. The height it reaches is (Radius round the earth at twice the present distance,
of the earth is R) the time period of revolution of the moon would
1) 10R/9 2) 9R/7 3) 9R/8 4) 10R/3 be (in days)
39. A space craft is launched in a circular orbit
1) 56 2 2) 28 2 3) 14 2 4) 7 2
very close to earth. What additional velocity
47. A satellite of mass ‘m’ revolves around earth of 55. The height of geo-stationary satellite above
mass M in a circular orbit of radius,’r’ with angular the centre of earth is (in km)
velocity ω . If radius of the orbit becomes 9r, then 1) 6400 2) 12800 3) 36000 4) 42000
angular velocity of this orbit is
WEIGHTLESSNESS
ω ω 56. How much faster than its normal rate should
1) 9ω 2) 3) 27ω 4)
9 27 the earth rotate about its axis so that the
48. An artificial satellite of mass ‘m’ is revolving weight of the body at the equator becomes
around in a circular orbit of radius ‘r’. If the
mass of earth is M, angular momentum of the zero (R = 6.4 × 106 m, g = 9.8m / s2 ) (in times)
satellite with respect to the centre of earth is 1)nearly17 2)nearly12 3)nearly 10 4)nearly 14
(2012M) LEVEL-1(H.W) - KEY
1) 3 2) 3 3) 1 4) 4 5) 4 6) 2
1) GM m2 r 2) 2m GMr
7) 3 8) 2 9) 1 10) 3 11) 2 12) 1
GM 13) 4 14) 3 15) 3 16) 1 17) 4 18) 1
3) 2M Gmr 4)
r 19) 2 20) 1 21) 1 22) 4 23) 2 24) 2
49. Two satellites of masses 400kg, 500 kg are
25) 3 26) 1 27) 3 28) 1 29) 2 30) 2
revolving around earth in different circular
31) 2 32) 3 33) 1 34) 1 35) 4 36) 2
orbits of radii r1 , r2 such that their kinetic 37) 4 38) 2 39) 2 40) 2 41) 3 42) 3
energies are equal. The ratio of r1 , r2 is 43) 1 44) 1 45) 2 46) 2 47) 4 48) 1
1) 5 : 4 2) 16:25 3) 45: 4 4) 25:16 49) 1 50) 2 51) 3 52) 4 53) 1 54) 3
50. Angular momentum of a satellite revolving 55) 4 56) 1
round the earth in a circular orbit at a height LEVEL-1(H.W) - HINTS
R above the surface is L. Here R is radius of dA L dA
the earth. The magnitude of angular 1. = ⇒ ∝ vr ∝ ω r 2
momentum of another satellite of the same dt 2m dt
mass revolving very close to the surface of 2. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2 ∝ r 3
the earth is dA A A′ A
3. = constant ⇒ = ⇒ A′ =
1)L/2 2)L/ 2 3) 2 L 4)2L dt 28 7 4
ENERGY OF SATELLITES 4. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2 ∝ r3
51. The K.E. of a satellite is 10 4 J . Its P.E. is 5. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2 ∝ r 3
1) −10 4 J 2) 2 × 10 4 J 3) −2 ×104 J 4) −4 ×104 J GMm r3

6. From Kepler’s 3rd law, mrw = T = 2π
2
2
52. Energy required to move a body of mass ‘m’ r GM
from an orbit of radius 3R to 4R is GMm r3
7. From Kepler’s 3rd law, mrw = = π
2
T 2
GMm GMm GMm GMm r2 GM
1) 2R 2) 6R 3) 12 R 4) 24 R 1
8. From Kepler’s 2nd law, rv = Constant
53. K.E. of an orbiting satellite is K. The minimum 2
additional K.E. required so that it goes to dA L
infinity is 9. =
dt 2 m
1) K 2) 2K 3) 3K 4) K/2 10. Gravitational force does not depend upon the
GEO-STATIONARY AND POLAR medium between the masses.
SATELLITES G m1 m2
54. Imagine a geo-stationary satellite of earth 11. Fg = Given, m2 = 4m1
R2
which is used as an inter continental telecast G m1m 2
station. At what height will it have to be 12. F = ; Gravitational force between
r2
established two point masses is independent of the presence
1) 10 3 m 2) 6.4×103m 3) 35.94 × 106 m 4)infinity of other masses.

13. Gravitational force on one sphere due to the other mgh

32. ∆ GPE =
two is F = F + F2 + 2F1 F2 Cosθ = 3F1
2 2
h
1 1+
Gm2 3Gm 2 R
But F1 = 2 ⇒ F =
D D2
(Q F1 = F2 ) 33. From conservation of energy, ( P.E + K.E ) on
the surface of the earth = P.E at height 5R
3G 4G GMm 1 −GMm
θ = 90 0 , F1 = 12 , F2 = 12 − + mv 2 = 5gR
( R + 5R ) ⇒ v = 3
14.
R 2
F = F1 + F2 + 2F1 F2 Cosθ  1 1 
2 2
34. P.E = −GMm  − 

gh R2  R1 R2 
=
15. g ( R + h )2 Given h= R/2 35. As U =mgr, weight mg = U/r
 d 25
36. ve = 2 gR ⇒ ve ∝ gR
16. g ′ = g  1−  Given g ′ = g
 R 100 37. v =
2GM
Escape velocity does not depend
GM 1 R
17. g = ⇒ g ∝ 2
R 2
R upon the mass of the projected body.
75 1 2 mgh
mve =
18. gφ = g − Rω2 Given gφ =
100
g 38. 2 1+ ; 39. v = 2gR − gR;v = gR
h ( 2 −1 )
2 R
u 1
19. Rmax = ⇒ Rmax ∝ 2GM v1 M 1 R2
g g 40. ve = ⇒ =
R v2 M 2 R1
gh R2
mg=Kx , x ∝ g Here, = 2GM
20. g ( R + h )2 41. ve =
R
4
21. g = Gπ R ρ ⇒ g ∝ R ρ 2GM 2GM
at height ve = =
1
3
R+h R + 7R
gh R2 g
= Given g h = 1 2 GmM
22.
(R + h) 42. 2 mv = R + h ;
2
g 2
( )
 G × 1000   G × 100 
I =  −  GM 1
23.  (1 / 2 ) 2   (1 / 2 )2 
   
43 . v0 = ⇒ v0 ∝
R+h R+ h
x=
r
GM 2π r
and T =
GM
m2 44. v 0 = ; 45. v0 =
24. Distance of null point +1 R+h R+ h v0
m1
r r r r r r r
3
2 r r3
46. T = 4π ⇒ Tα
2
25. I = I1 + I 2 ; 26. I = I1 + I2 + I3 = 0 GM M
Gm1 m2 1
27. GPE (U ) = r1 2
Use ,U net = U 1 + U 2 + U 3 47. From Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2 ∝ r 3 ⇒ ω α 3
2
r
28. w = Total energy in orbit - gravitational potential m
r
energy on surface of planet L = m v0r ; 49. KE1 = KE2 L = mvr and r = m
1 1 2
48.
mgh 2 1
29. ∆ GPE = 50. L = m v0r ; 51. P.E. = −2( K. E.)
h
1+
R GMm KE 2 v 2e
W = (U2 −U1) ⇒U =− =
30. W = m ( ∆v) + ∆KE
52. ; 53. KE1 v 2o
2r
1
31. P.E of 1kg mass placed at the earth surface
(R + h)
3
 T 2 g R 2 3
GM 54. T = 2π ⇒ h=  −R
=−  4π
2
. Its P.E at infinity = 0. GM 
R
GM 55. R + h = (6400 + 36000)km ≅ 42000 km
∴ Workdone = ∆ P .E = R 56. g1 = g − Rω 2
midpoint of a side and (ii) at the centre of the

LEVEL - II (C.W) triangle are, respectively.
4GM 2 4GM 2
1) 0, 2) ,0
KEPLER’S LAWS 3a2 3a2
2 2
1. If the Earth shrinks such that its density 3G M GM
3) , 4) 0,0
becomes 8 times to the present value, a2 a2
8. Two masses ‘M’ and ‘4M’ are at a distance
then new duration of the day in hours
‘r’ apart on the line joining them, ‘P’ is point
will be (2008M) where the resultant gravitational force is zero
1) 24 2) 12 3) 6 4) 3 (such a point is called as null point). The
2. A planet moves around the sun. At a given distance of ‘P’ from the mass ‘M’ is
point P, it is closest from the sun at a distance
r r 2r 4r
d1 ,and has a speed V1 . At another point Q, 1) 5 2) 3) 4)
3 3 5
when it is farthest from the sun at a distance 9. If the mass of one particle is increased by 50
d 2 , its speed will be % and the mass of another particle is
d12V1 d2V1 d1V1 d 22V1 decreased by 50 %, the force between them
1) 2) d 3) d 4) 2 1)decreases by 25% 2)decreases by75 %
d2 1 2 d1
3. If a graph is plotted betweenT 2 and r 3 for 3) increases by 25% 4)does not change
a planet then, its slope will be 10. If the distance between the sun and the earth
2
T 4π
2
GM is increased by three times , then the
1) 2) gravitational force between the two will
GM 4π 2
1) remain constant 2) decrease by 63%
θ 3) 4π GM 4) Zero 3) increase by 63% 4) decrease by 89%
3
r 11. Two lead balls of masses m and 5m having
4. Two different artificial satellites orbiting with radii R and 2R are separated by 12R. If
same time period around the earth having they attract each other by gravitational
angular momenta 2:1. The ratio of masses of force, the distance covered by small sphere
the satellites is before they touch each other is
1) 10 R 2) 7.5 R 3) 9 R 4) 2.5 R
1) 2:1 2) 1:2 3) 1:1 4)1:3
12. Three identical particles each of mass “m”
5. The ratio of Earth’s orbital angular momentum are arranged at the corners of an equilateral
(about sun) to its mass is 4 .4 × 10 15 m2 s –1 . triangle of side “L”. If they are to be in
The area enclosed by the earth’s equilibrium, the speed with which they must
orbit is approximately revolve under the influence of one another’s
1) 1 × 1022 m2 2) 3 × 1022 m2 gravity in a circular orbit circumscribing the
3) 5 × 10 m
22 2
4) 7 × 1022 m2 triangle is
LAW OF GRAVITATION 1)
3Gm
2)
Gm
3)
Gm
4)
3Gm
6. Gravitational force between two point masses L L 3L L2
13. Two particles each of mass ‘m’ are placed
m and M separated by a distance r is F. Now at A and C are such AB=BC=L. The
if a point mass 3m is placed next to m, the gravitational force on the third particle placed
total force on M will be at D at a distance L on the
1) F 2) 2F 3) 3F 4) 4F perpendicular bisector of the line AC is
7. If three particles,each of mass M are placed Gm2 Gm2
1) 2 along BD 2) along DB
at the three corners of an equilateral triangle L 2L2
of side a, the force exerted by this system on Gm2 Gm2
another particle of mass M placed (i) at the 3) 2 along AC 4) 2 along BD
L L
ACCELERATION DUE TO 1) 4 gR 2) 2gR 3) gR 4) 4gR

GRAVITY AND ITS VARIATION
21 . A projectile is fired vertically upwards from
14. The height at which the value of acceleration
due to gravity becomes 50% of that at the the surface of the earth with a velocity Kve ,
surface of the earth. (Radius of the earth =
where ve is the escape velocity and K<1.If R
6400 km) is
1) 2650 2) 2430 3) 2250 4) 2350 is the radius of the earth, the maximum height
15. The radius and density of two artificial to which it will rise measured from the centre
of the earth will be(neglect air resistance)
satellites are R1 , R2 and ρ1, ρ 2 respectively..
The ratio of acceleration due to gravities on 1− K 2 R
1) 2)
them will be R 1− K 2
R1ρ2 R
R2ρ2 R1ρ1 R2 ρ1 3) R (1 − K 2 ) 4)
1) R ρ 2) R ρ 3) R ρ 4) R ρ 1+ K 2
1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2
22. If the radius of earth shrinks by 0.2%
16. A man weigh ‘W’ on the surface of earth and without any change in its mass , escape
his weight at a height ‘R’ from surface of earth velocity from the surface of the earth
is (R is Radius of earth) 1) increases by 0.2% 2) decreases by 0.2%
W W 3) increases by 0.1% 4) increases by 0.4%
1) 2) 3) W 4) 4W
4 2 23. If d is the distance between the centres of
17. The acceleration due to gravity at the latitude
the earth of mass M 1 and moon of mass M 2 ,
450 on the earth becomes zero if the
angular velocity of rotation of earth is then the velocity with which a body should
2 2g 5R be projected from the mid point of the line

1) gR
2) 2gR 3) 4)
R 2 joining the earth and the moon, so that it just
18. Acceleration due to gravity on moon is 1/6 of
escapes is
the acceleration due to gravity on earth. If the
ratio of densities of earth and moon is 5/3, then G(M1 + M2 ) G ( M1 + M 2 )
1) 2)
radius of moon in terms of radius of earth will d 2d
be 2G( M 1 + M 2 ) 4 G (M 1 + M 2 )
3) 4)
d d
5 1 3 1
1) Re 2) Re 3) Re 4) Re
18 6 18 2 3 24. The escape velocity of a planet having mass 6
ESCAPE SPEED times and radius 2 times as that of earth is
19. The mass of a planet is half that of the earth
and the radius of the planet is one fourth that
1) 3ve 2) 3ve 3) 2ve 4) 2ve
of earth. If we plan to send an artificial satellite 25. If ‘ ve ’ is the escape velocity of a body from a
from the planet, the escape velocity planet of mass ‘M’ and radius ‘R’. Then the
will be, ( Ve = 11kms −1 ) velocity of the satellite revolving at height ‘h’
from the surface of the planet will be
1) 11kms −1 2) 5.5 kms −1
R 2R R +h R
3) 15.55 kms −1 4) 7.78 kms −1 1) v e 2) ve 3) ve 4) ve 2 ( R + h)
R+h R+h R
20 . If a rocket is fired with a velocity, V = 2 gR 26. A particle falls towards earth from infinity. The
near the earth’s surface and goes upwards, its velocity with which it reaches earth’s surface is
speed in the inter-stellar space is 1) v = 2gR 2) v = 2gR
3) v = gR 4) v = R/g

2g(n + 1)R
EARTH SATELLITES 2 gR 2gnR
27. Two satellites P, Q are revolving around earth 1) 2) 3) 4) 2gnR
n n +1 n +1
in different circular orbits. The velocity of P 33. Three particles of equal mass ‘m’ are situated
is twice the velocity of Q. If the height of P at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side
‘L’. The work done in increasing the side of
from earth’s surface is 1600 km. The radius
the triangle to 2L is
of orbit of Q is ( R =6400 km).
2G2 m Gm2 3Gm2 3Gm2
1)1600km 2)20000km 3)32000km 4)40000km 1) 2) 3) 4)
2L 2L 2L L
28. A planet is revolving around the sun. Its
34. A small body is at a distance ‘r’ from the
distance from the sun at apogee is rA and that centre of mercury, where ‘r’ is greater than
at perigee is rP . The masses of planet and sun the radius of Mercury. The energy required
to shift the body from r to 2r measured from
are ‘m’ and M respectively, VA is the velocity the centre is E. The energy required to shift it
of planet at apogee and VP is at perigee from 2r to 3r will be
respectively and T is the time period of E E E
revolution of planet round the sun, then identify 1) E 2) 3) 4)
2 3 4
the wrong answer. 35. Escape velocity of a body of 1kg mass on a
π 2
π 2
planet is 100m/s. Gravitational potential
1) T =
2
(rA + rP )3 2) T =
2
( rA + rP )3 energy of the body at the planet is
2Gm 2GM
1) -5000J 2) -1000J 3) -2400J 4) 5000J
3) vA rA = vP rP 4) vA < vP ; rA > rP 36. By what percent the energy of the satellite
29. Suppose the gravitational force varies has to be increased to shift it from an orbit of
inversely as the n th power of distance, then 3r
the time period of a planet in circular orbit of radius ‘r’ to
2
radius ‘R’ around the sun will be proportional 1) 66.7% 2) 33.3% 3) 15% 4) 20.3%
to (2004A) 37. At what height from the surface of earth, the
 n +1   n− 2   n −1  total energy of satellite is equal to its potential
1)  2  2)  2 
3) R n 4)  2 
     
R R R energy at a height 2R from the surface of earth
30. An artificial satellite is revolving around the (R = radius of earth )
earth in a circular orbit. Its velocity is one- 1) 2R 2) R/2 3) R/4 4) 4R
third of the escape velocity. Its height from GEO-STATIONARY SATELLITES
the earth’s surface is ( in Km) 38. A geo-stationary satellite is orbiting the earth
1) 22400 2) 12800 3) 3200 4) 1600 at a height 6R above the surface of the earth,
GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY where R is the radius of earth. The time period
31. The work done to increase the radius of orbit of another satellite revolving around earth at a
of a satellite of mass ‘m’ revolving around a height 2.5 R from earth’s surface is
planet of mass M from orbit of radius R in to 1) 12 2hr 2) 12 hr 3) 6 2hr 4) 6 hr
another orbit of radius 3R is
2GMm GMm GMm GMm LEVEL-II (C.W) KEY
1) 2) 3) 4) 1)3 2)3 3)1 4)1 5)4 6)4
3R 3R 6R 24R
7)2 8)2 9)1 10)4 11)2 12)2
32. A stone is dropped from a height equal to nR,
13)2 14)1 15)3 16)1 17)3 18)1
where R is the radius of the earth, from the 19)3 20)2 21)2 22)3 23)4 24)1
surface of the earth. The velocity of the stone 25)4 26)2 27)3 28)1 29)1 30)1
on reaching the surface of the earth is 31)2 32)3 33)3 34)3 35)1 36)2
37)2 38)3

LEVEL-II (C.W)-HINTS 2
 R  W
1. Given m1 = m2 ⇒ V1 d1 = V2d2 16. W = mg ; W ′ = mg ′ = mg   = 4
R+h
⇒ R13 d1 = R23 d2 ⇒ R1 = 2 R2
2g
17. 0 = g − Rω cos 45 ⇒ ω =
2 2 0
From law of conservation of angular momentum
R
2
T2  R2  4
I1ω1 = I 2ω2 ⇒ =   18. g= π GR ρ ⇒ g ∝ Rρ
T1  R1  3
2. From conservation of angular momentum 2 GM M
v r = Constant. 19. v e = ⇒ ve ∝
R R
T 2 4π 2 20. According to the law of conservation of energy
3. Slope = = (From Kepler’ss 3rd law)
R 3 GM [T .E ]Surface = [T .E ]interstellarspace
dA L − GMm 1
4. = = constant.( From Kepler’ss 2nd law) ⇒
1
+ m v 2 = 0 + mv 12
dt 2m R 2 2
5. Areal velocity = Area swept/time for one revolution
1
( ) 1 2
2
of earth about sun ⇒ mgR + m 2 gR = mv 1
So, Area = (Areal velocity)(Time period) 2 2
1
L ⇒ mv12 = mgR ⇒ v12 = 2 gR ⇒ v1 = 2gR
= ×365 ×86400 2
2m
21. According to the law of conservation of energy
GMm GM ( m + 2m)
6. F = 2 ; F′ = −
GMm 1
+ mK 2 v 2e = −
GMm
+0
r r2 R 2 R +h
7. Find individual forces and calculate resultant
2GM
G m1 m2 v2e =
Use F = R
R2
ve2 K 2 v2e v 2 (R )
d − + =− e
x= 2 2 2( R + h)
m2
8. +1 2GM
m1 22. v e =
R
m + 1 m − 2  m m
m1m2 ∆v e 1  ∆R 
F1 = G 2 and F = G  1 2   2 2 
1
9. ⇒ ve ∝ ⇒ × 100 = −  × 100 
d 2
d2 R ve 2 R 
m2 deff 23. Using law of conservation of energy,
Gmm
10. F = ; 11. x = ; Here deff = 9R
1 2
1 2G m
R2
m1 + m2 m v 2e = (M1 + M 2 )
2 d
mv 2 F = Gmm and r =
L
3F =
1 2
12. ; vp M Re
r L2
3 24. = p
ve Me Rp
Gm 2
13. F1 = 2F , F= 2GM GM
2 L2 25. v e = , v=
g
R R +h
GM ⇒ g ′ =
′
14. g = R + h 2
2
 h v R R
( ) 1 + 
R  
⇒
ve
=
2 ( R + h)
⇒ v = ve
2( R + h)
4 26. The projecting body having same final velocity to
15. g = π GR ρ ⇒ g ∝ R ρ
3 reach projecting place. So, v = 2gR

27. Given, v P = 2vQ LEVEL - II (H.W)

GM GM
=2 → rQ = 4 rP KEPLER’S LAWS
rP rQ
1. Two satellites S1 andS2 are revolving round a
3
4π  rA + rP 
2
 rA + rP  planet in coplanar and concentric circular
28. T = Q r = 2 
2
GM  2    orbits of radii R1 and R2 in the same direction

By the law of conservation of angular respectively. Their respective periods of
momentum vA rA = vP rP revolution are 1hr and 8 hr. The radius of the
orbit of satellite S1 is equal to 10 4 km. Their
1 2 mgh relative speed when they are closest, in kmph
k mv =
29. F = n , F = m r ω ; 30. 2 h
2
1+ is :
r R π
31. Workdone = change in TE 1) × 104 2) π × 10 4 3) 2π × 104 4) 4π × 104
2
GMm GMm LAW OF GRAVITATION
Workdone = −
2R 6R 2. Two metal spheres each of radius ‘r’ are kept
1 2 mgh in contact with each other. If d is the density
mv = of the material of the sphere, then the
32. 2 h
1+ gravitational force between those spheres is
R
proportional to
−3Gm 2 r2
33. Initial potential energy U i = 1) d r 2 6 2) d r 3)
2 4 d 2
4) 2
L
r4 d
3Gm 2 3. Two lead spheres of same radius are in contact
Final potential energy U f = −
2L with each other. The gravitational force of
3Gm2  3Gm2  3Gm2 attraction between them is F. If two lead
W= U f − Ui = − − −
2L  L 
=
2L
spheres of double the previous radius are in
contact with each other, the gravitational force
34. E = U 2 − U1 of attraction between them will be
GMm GMm GMm 1) 2F 2) 32F 3) 8F 4) 16F
⇒− + = 4. The gravitational force between two bodies is
2R R 2R
decreased by 36% when the distance between
GMm GMm GMm
E1 = − + = them is increased by 3m. The initial distance
3R 2R 6R between them is
2GM GM 1) 6 m 2) 9 m 3) 12 m 4) 15 m
35. ve = = 100 ⇒ = 5000
5. Two particles of masses ‘m’ and ‘2m’ are at a
R R
GMm
distance ‘3r’ apart at the ends of a straight
∴ P E(U ) = − = −5000J line AB. C is the centre of mass of the system.
R
The magnitude of the gravitational force on a
−GMm −GMm −GMm
36. E = 2r
W = E2 − E1 =
2 r1
, E2 =
2 r2
unit mass placed at C due to the masses is
7Gm 9Gm 3Gm
−GMm  −GMm  1) Zero 2) 3) 4)
37. = r = R + h 4r 2
4r 2
2r 2
2r  3R 
6. If the distance between two bodies is
(7 R ) increased by 25%, then the % change in the
3 3
T1 R
= 1
=
38. T2 R2
3
 7R 
3 gravitational force is
  1) Decreases by 36% 2) Increases by 36%
 2 
3) Increases by 64% 4) Decreases by 64%

7. Three point masses each of mass ‘m’ rotate 14. The difference in the value of ‘g’ at poles and
in a circle of radius r with constant angular
3
velocity ω due to their mutual gravitational at a latitude is Rω 2 then latitude angle is
4
attraction. If at any instant, the masses are
on the vertex of an equilateral triangle of side 1) 600 2) 30 0 3) 450 4) 95 0
‘a’, then the value of ω is 15. A particle hanging from a spring stretches it
by 1 cm at earth’s surface. Radius of earth is
Gm 3Gm Gm 6400 km. At a place 800 km above the earth’s
1) 3 2) 3 3) 4) Zero
a a 3a 3 surface, the same particle will stretch the
8. The angular momentum (L) of earth revolving spring by
round the sun is proportional to r n , where r is 1)0.79 cm 2)1.2 cm 3) 4 cm 4)17 cm
the orbital radius of the earth. The value of 16. A tunnel is dug along a diameter of the earth.
‘n’ is :(assume the orbit to be circular) The force on a particle of mass ‘m’ placed in
1 1
1) 2) 1 3) − 4) 2 the tunnel at a distance x from the centre is
2 2 GMem GM em GMe m
9. Four particles of masses m, 2m,3m and 4m are GM e mR3
1) x 2) x 3) 4)
placed at the corners of a square of side length R3 R2 R3 x x
a. The gravitational force on a particle of mass ESCAPE SPEED
m placed at the centre of the square is 17. The mass of the Earth is 9 times that of Mars.
The radius of the Earth is twice that of Mars.
Gm2 3 2Gm2 2 2Gm2 2Gm2
1) 4 2 2) 3) 4) The escape velocity of the Earth is 12 km/sec.
a2 a2 a2 a2 The escape velocity on Mars
ACCELERATION DUE TO is .... km/sec
GRAVITY AND ITS VARIATION 1) 4 2km /sec 2) 2 2km /sec
10. If the radius of the earth is made three times,
keeping the mass constant, then the weight of 3) 6 2km /sec 4) 8 2km /sec
a body on the earth’s surface will be as 18. The escape velocity of a body from earth is
compared to its previous value is 11.2 km/s. If a body is projected with a velocity
1)one third 2)one ninth 3)three times 4)nine times twice its escape velocity, then the velocity of
11. The difference in the value of ‘g’ at poles and the body at infinity is (in km/s)
at a place of latitude 450 is 1) 19.4 2) 194 3) 1.94 4) 0.194
19. A particle is kept at rest at a distance R
Rω 2 Rω 2 Rω 2 (Earth’s radius) above the earth’s surface. The
1) Rω 2 2) 3) 4)
2 4 3 minimum speed with which it should be
12. The angular velocity of earth’s rotation about projected so that it does not return is
its axis is ‘ ω ’. An object weighed by a spring
GM GM GM GM
balance gives the same reading at the equator 1) 2) 3) 4)
as at height ‘h’ above the poles . R 2R 3R 4R
The value of ‘h’ will be 20. 16 kg and 9 kg are separated by 25m. The
velocity with which a body should be projected
ω2 R 2 ω2 R 2 2ω 2 R 2 2ω 2 R 2 from the mid point of the line joining the two
1) 2) 3) 4)
g 2g g 3g masses so that it just escape is
13. The radius and acceleration due to gravity of 1) g 2) 2gR 3) G 4) 2 G
1 1 21. The escape velocity from earth is 11 km/
moon are and that of earth, the ratio of
4 5 sec.The escape velocity from a planet having
the mass of earth to mass of moon is nine times the radius and one third of density
1) 1:80 2) 80:1 3) 1:20 4) 20:1 as earth is ___ Km/sec
1) 11 2) 22 3 3) 33 3 4) 44 3
EARTH SATELLITES vertices of an equilateral triangle of side 10

22. The speed of a satellite that revolves around cm is(approximately)
earth at a height 3R from earth’s surface is 1) 10 −13 J 2) 2 × 10− 13 J 3) 4 ×10− 13 J 4) 10 −11 J
( g=10 m / s 2 at the surface of earth, radius of 30. The energy required to shift the body
earth R = 6400 km) (in kms -1) revolving around a planet from r to 2r is E
(measured from centre of planet). The energy
1) 2 2 2) 4 3) 4 2 4) 8
required to shift it from 2r to 4r is
23. If an artificial satellite is moving in a circular
orbit around earth with speed equal to one E E E
1) E 2) 3) 4)
2 3 4
fourth of Ve from earth, then height of the
31. By what percent, the energy of the satellite
satellite above the surface of the earth is has to be increased to shift it from an orbit of
1)7R 2) 4R 3) 3R 4) R radius ‘r’ to ‘3r’
24. Two satellites A and B go round a planet P in
1) 66.7% 2) 33.3% 3) 15% 4) 20.3%
circular orbits having radii 4R and R 32. At what height from the surface of earth, the
respectively. If the speed of the satellite A is total energy of satellite is equal to its potential
3V, the speed of the satellite B is energy at a height 3R from the
1) 12V 2) 6V 3) 4V 4)3V
surface of earth ( R = radius of earth )
25. A satellite moving in a circular path of radius
1) 4R 2) 3R 3) 2R 4) R
‘r’ around earth have a time period T. If its
radius slightly increases by ∆r , the change in LEVEL-II(H.W) - KEY
its time period is 1)2 2)2 3)4 4)3 5)2 6)1
7)2 8)1 9) 1 10)2 11)2 12)2
3T  T  13)2 14)2 15)1 16)1 17)1 18)1
1)   ∆r 2)   ∆ r
2 r  r 19)1 20)4 21)3 22)2 23)1 24)2
25)1 26)2 27)2 28)4 29)2 30)2
3  T2  3T2  31)1 32)4
3)  2  ∆r 4)   ∆r
2r  2 r  LEVEL-II(H.W) - HINTS
26. A satellite is orbiting earth in an orbit with a 2π R
velocity 4 km/sec, then acceleration due to 1. T 2α R 3 , V0 = T , Rel. velocity = V01 − V02
gravity at that height is (in ms -2 )
G m1 m2
1) 0.4 2) 0.62 3) 0.87 4) 1.21 2. F= , Here, m = (Vol)(den)
ENERGY OF SATELLITES, R2
GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY 3. For solid spheres in contact Fα R 4
27. A stone is dropped from a height equal to 3R,
G m1 m2 1
above the surface of earth. The velocity of 4. F= 2
⇒F∝ 2
stone on reaching the earth’s surface is R R
G m1 m2
1) g
R
2)
3
gR 3) 2gR 4) gR 5. F= , Fnet = F2 − F1
2 2 R2
28. If ‘g’ is acceleration due to gravity on the
F1 d 22 ∆F F − F2
earth’s surface, the gain in the potential 6. = 2; × 100 = 1 ×100
F2 d1 F F1
energy of an object of mass ‘m raised from
the surface of the earth to a height equal to 7. F = F12 + F22 + 2 F1F2 cos θ
the radius ‘R’ of the earth is
1) 2 mgR 2) mgR 3) mgR/4 4) mgR/2
3GMm a
29. The work done in bringing three particles each
2
= mrω 2 Here, r =
of mass 10 gm from large distance to the a 3

mv 2 GMm ve  GM 
8. L = mvr ; = 2 23. v = 4 , v 0 =  R + h 
r r  
9. Find individual forces and calculate resultant
GM v RB
GMm 24. v = ⇒ A =
10. W = mg = R vB RA
r2
25. According to Kepler’s II law, T 2α R 3
11. gφ = g − Rω cos φ ,
2 2
g poles = g
differentiating on both sides w.r.t ‘r’
12. F = mg ′, g ′ = g − Rω 2 cos 2 φ ∆T 3  ∆r 
=  
T 2 r 
GM M
13. g = 2
⇒ g α 2 2
R R vh R  R 
26. = , gh = g  
3 vs R+h  R+h 
14. R ω cos λ = Rω 2
2 2
4
1 2 ( mg ) Rh ( mg ) R ( nR )
mv = =
27.
( R + nR)
2
gh
=
R 2 R+h
e∝g
15. Here, g ( R + h )2
 1 1 
GM ' m M' M 28. P.E. = − GMm  − 
16. F= 2 but 3 = 3  R1 R2 
x x R
 3G m1 m2  3G m1 m2
vm M m Re 29. W = −U = −  − =
17. =  r  r
ve M e Rm
−GMm
18. velocity at infinity 30. TE = ;
2r
v∞ = v2 − ve2 = 2 (11.2)  − (11.2)
2 2
−GMm ∆E
31. TE = ; ×100%
2r E
GMm
19. F = ( R + h )2 GMm 1
= m v20
32. T.E = P.E ;
(R + h) 2
2
Mv 20
and centripetal force F = R + h
( ) LEVEL - III
GMm Mv20 1. A point mass is orbiting a significant mass M
⇒ =
( R + h)
2
( R + h) lying at the focus of the elliptical orbit having
major and minor axes given by 2a and 2b
4G ( M 1 + M 2 ) respectively. Let r be the distance between
20. v = ; the mass M and the end point of major axis.
d
Velocity of the particle can be given as
21. vα R ρ
ab GM ab GM
g 1) 2)
22. ‘g’ at a height 4 R = r a3 r b3
16
g 2ab GM
and v 0 = g ( 4R ) → ( 4 R) ab GM
4) r  a + b 
3
16 3)
2r r 3  
 2 

2. A planet of mass m revolves in elliptical orbit

T 2 T 2T
around the sun so that its maximum and 1) 3 2) T 3) 4)
minimum distances from the sun are equal to 6 8 3 3π
ra and rp respectively. The angular momentum 8. A homogeneous spherical heavenly body has
of this planet relative to the sun is a uniform and very narrow frictionless duct
along its diameter. Let mass of the body be M
GMrp ra 2GMrp ra
1) L = m 2) L = m
and diameter be D. A point mass m moves
(r p + ra ) (rp + ra ) smoothly inside the duct. Force
(r + ra )
exerted on this mass when it is at a distance
Gmrp ra
3) L = M 4) L = M
p s from the centre of the body is
(r + ra ) Gmrp ra
GMm π GMm s 8GMm
p
GMm
3. A satellite moving in elliptical orbit around earth .
( D/ 2)
s
1) 2)
( R − s)
3 3) 4) 2
as shown. The minimum and maximum distance s2 D3
of the satellite from earth are 3 units and 5 9. Two concentric shells of different masses m1
units respectively. The distance of satellite from
earth when it is at ‘P’ is —— ( units ) and m2 are having a sliding particle of mass
m . The forces on the particle at position
P 1) 4
I , II and III are
2) 3
E II
S O Q r2
3) 3.75
m2 III Gm1 G( m1 +m2 ) m
4) 6
m1 r3 1) 0, ,
r22 r12
4. The longest and the shortest distance of a planet r1 Gm2 Gm1
from sun is R1 and R2 . Distance from sun when 2) r 2 ,0, r 2
2 1
it is normal to major axis of orbit is
I
R1 + R2 R21 + R2 2 R1 R2 2R1 R2
G(m1 + m2 )m Gm2 G(m1 + m2 )m G( m2 )m
1) 2) 3) R + R 4) R + R , 2 ,0 4) , ,0
2 2 1 2 1 2 3) r1
2
r2 r1
2
r2
2
5. A satellite is orbiting just above the surface of

a planet of average density D with period T. If 10. Suppose a vertical tunnel is dug along the
G is the universal gravitational constant, the diameter of earth assumed to be a sphere of
3π uniform mass having density ρ . If a body of
quantity is equal to
G mass m is thrown in this tunnel, its acceleration
1) T 2 D 2) 3π T 2 D 3) 3π D 2T 4) D2T
6. A planet revolves around sun in an elliptical at a distance y from the centre is given by
orbit of eccentricity ‘e7’. If ‘T’ is the time
period of the planet then the time spent by the m
planet between the end of the minor axis and
y
close to sun is
1 e  Te e  πT
1) T  −  2) 3)  − 1  4)
 4 2π  π π  e
7. An artificial satellite revolves around earth in 4π 3
circular orbit of radius r with time period T.. 1) G ρ ym 2) π Gρ y
The satellite is made to stop in the orbit which 3 4
4 4
makes it fall onto earth. Time of fall of the 3) πρ y 4) π G ρ y
satellite on to earth is given by 3 3

11. A point mass M is at a distance S from an

infinitely long and thin rod of linear density D.
m
If G is the gravitational constant then R
gravitational force between the point mass and 2 2 GmM

8R 1)
the rod is 27 R 2
GmM
2)
MGD MGD 8R 2
1) 2 2)
S S S M GmM
3)
M MGD 2 MGD 9 R2
3) 4)
2S 3 S 2 GmM
4)
R 9 9 R2
12. A cavity of radius is made inside a solid 15. A mass m extends a vertical helical spring of
2
sphere of radius R . The centre of the cavity spring constant k by x m at the surface of
earth. Extension in spring by the same mass
R at height h metre above the surface of earth
is located at a distance from the centre of
2 is
sphere. The gravitational force on a particle
( R + h) R2
2
GMm GMm x
of mass m at a distance
R
from the centre of ( )
1) k R + h 2)
kR2
3)
R2
x 4)
( R + h )2
2 16. A straight rod of length L extends from x = a
the sphere on the line joining both the centres to x = L + a . Find the gravitational force it
of sphere and cavity is ( opposite to the centre exerts on a point m assm at x = 0 is
GM ( if the linear density of rod µ = A + Bx 2 )
of cavity ) [ here g = 2 where M is the
R  1 1  
A 
mass of the sphere ]. 1) Gm  + BL  2) Gm  A  −  + BL 
a   a a +L 
mg 3mg mg mg  A   A
1) 2) 3) 4)
4 3) Gm  BL +  4) Gm  BL − 
2 8 16  a +L  a
13. Four masses ‘m’ each are orbiting in a circle of 17. A mass m is placed in the cavity inside a
radius ‘r’ in the same direction under hollow sphere of mass M as shown in the
gravitational force. Velocity of each particle is figure. The gravitational force on m is
m
(
Gm 1 +2 2 ) GMm
1) r 2 1)
m r m r R2
m GMm
Gm 2)
m 2) R r2
r GMm
Gm 1+2 2  ( )
3) R − r 2
3)
Gm
r
(
1+2 2 ) 
2r  2 
4) 
4) Zero
14. The centres of a ring of mass m and a sphere 18. A spherical shell is cut into two pieces along
of mass M of equal radius R, are at a distance a chord as shown in the figure. P is a
point on the plane of the chord.The
8 R apart as shown in fig. The force of gravitational field at P due to the upper part
attraction between the ring and the sphere is is I1 and that due to the lower part is I 2 .
What is the relation between them?
23. If earth were to rotate on its own axis such

1) I1 > I 2 that the weight of a person at the equator
P becomes half the weight at the poles, then its
2) I1 < I 2
time period of rotation is (g=acceleration due
3) I1 = I 2 to gravity near the poles and R is the radius
4) no definite relation of earth) (Ignore equatorial bulge)
19. The magnitudes of the gravitational field at (2013M)
distance r1 and r2 from the centre of a uniform
2R R R R
sphere of radius R and mass M are E1 and 1) 2π 2) 2π 3) 2π 4) 2π
g 2g 3g g
E2 respectively. Then: 24. Four particles each of mass M are located at
E1 r1 the vertices of a square with side L. The
1) E = r if r1 < R and r2 < R gravitational potential due to this at centre of
2 2
square is
E1 r22
2) = if r1 < R and r2 < R GM GM
E2 r12 1) − 32 2) − 64
L L2
E1 r13 GM
3) = if r1 < R and r2 < R 3) Zero 4) − 16
E2 r23 L
25. The gravitational potential of two
E1 r12
4) = if r1 < R and r2 < R homogeneous spherical shells A and B of same
E2 r22
surface density at their respective centres are
20. Two masses 90 kg and 160 kg are 5 m apart.
The gravitational field intensity at a point 3m in the ratio 3 : 4 . If the two shells
from 90 kg and 4 m from 160 kg is coalesce into single one such that surface
1)10 G 2)5 G 3) 5 2G 4) 10 2G density remains same, then the ratio of
21. Gravitational field intensity at the centre of potential at an internal point of the new shell
the semi circle formed by a thin wire AB of to shell A is equal to :
mass ‘m’ and length ‘L’ is 1) 3 : 2 2) 4 : 3 3) 5 : 3 4) 5 : 6
26. A thin uniform annular disc ( see figure ) of
Y
mass M has outer radius 4R and inner radius
Gm2 $
1) 2 i
L
() 3R. The work required to take a unit mass
from point P on its axis to infinity is
()
2
X 2)
Gm $j
A B
π L2 P
3)
2π Gm $
i () 4)
2π Gm $
j () 2GM
( )
2
L L2 4R
1) 4 2− 5
22. Two equal masses each ‘m’ are hung from a 7R
balance whose scale pans differ in vertical
height by ‘h’. the error in weighing is 2) −
2GM
7R
(
4 2− 5 )
1
1) π G ρ mh 2) G ρ mh
3
8
3) π G ρ mh
4
4) π G ρ mh
3)
GM
2R
4)
2GM
5R
( 2 −1 )
3 3

27. The gravitational force in a region is given by, 32. A ring has non-uniform distribution of mass
ur
F = ayi$ + a x$j . The work done by gravitational having mass ‘M’ and radius ‘R’. A point mass
m0 is moved from A to B along the axis of the
force to shift a point mass m from ( 0,0,0 ) to ring. The work done by external agent against
( x0, y0 , z0 ) is gravitational force of ring is
M
1) max0 y0 z0 2) max0 y0 3) − max0 y0 4)0 R
28. Two identical thin rings each of radius ‘R’ are A B
co-axially placed at a distance ‘R’. If the rings
have a uniform mass distribution and each has R R
mass m1 and m2 respectively, then the work GMm0 GMm0  1 1 
1) 2)  − 
done in moving a mass ‘m’ from the centre of 2R R  2 5
one ring to that of the other is:
GMm0  1
GMm0 1 
−
Gm( m1 − m2 )( 2 − 1) 3) R  5
5R

2
4)
1) Zero 2)
33. Two concentric spherical shells A and B of
2R
radii R and 2R and masses 4M and M
Gm 2(m1 + m2 ) G m1 m( 2 + 1) respectively are as shown. The gravitational
3) 4)
R m2 R potential at point ‘p’ at distance ‘r’ (R <r<2R)
29. The gravitational field in a region due to a from centre of shell is (r = 1.5R)
certain mass distribution is given by B
ur
( )
E = 4i$ − 3 $j N / kg . The work done by the field 2R
A
R
in moving a particle of mass 2 kg from (2m,1m) r
P
2 
to  3 m, 2m  along the line 3x+4y=10 is 4GM 4GM
  1) − 2) −
9G M
3) − 4) −
1 9GM
R 2R 3R 6R
25 50 25
1) − N 2) − N 3) N 4) Zero 34. The potential energy of a body of mass ‘m’ is
3 3 3
given by U=px+qy+rz. The magnitude of the
30. A particle of mass 1kg is placed at a distance acceleration of the body will be
of 4m from the centre and on the axis of a
uniform ring of mass 5kg and radius 3m. The p +q +r p 2 + q2 + r 2
work done to increase the distance of the 1) 2)
m m
particle from 4m to 3 3m is
G G G G p 3 + q3 + r3 p 4 + q4 + r 4
1) J 2) 4 J 3) J 4) J 3) 4)
3 5 6 m m
31. Consider two configurations in fig (i) and fig(ii) 35. A particle is placed in a field characterized by
a value of gravitational potential given by
uur
3m
2m V = -kxy, where ‘k’ is a constant. If E g is the

a
a a gravitational field then
ur
m a 2m m a 3m ( )
1) E g = k xi$ + y $j and is conservative in nature
ur
fig (i) fig (ii)
The work done by external agent in changing
( )
2) E g = k yi$ + x $j and is conservative in nature
ur
the configuration from fig(i) to fig(ii) is ( )
3) E g = k xi$ + y $j and is non conservative in
6Gm2  1  nature
2) − 1+ ur
 
(
$ $
)
1) Zero
a  2 4) E g = k yi + x j and is non conservative in
nature
6Gm 2  1  6Gm2  1
3) − a 
1− 4) − 2− 
2  a  2

36. A thin rod of length ‘L’ is bent to form a semi 42. Two spherical planets P and Q have the same
circle. The mass of the rod is ‘M’. What will uniform density ρ , masses M P and M Q and
be the gravitational potential at the centre of
the circle? surface areas A and 4A respectively. A
−GM −GM −π GM −π GM spherical planet R also has uniform density
1)
L
2)
2π L
3)
2L
4)
L ρ and its mass is ( M p + M Q ) . The escape
37. If the gravitational field intensity at a point is velocities from the planets P, Q and R are
GM VP ,VQ and V R , respectively. Then (2012 I)
, then potential at a distance ‘r’ is
r 2.5 1) VQ >VR >VP 2) VR > VQ > VP
2GM −GM 2GM GM
1) 2) 3.5 3) - 1.5 4) 3.5 1
VR / VP =3 4) VP / VQ =
1.5
3r r 3r r 3)
38. In a certain region of space, the gravitational 2
field is given by − k / r , where r is the distance 43. A spherically symmetric gravitational system of
and k is a constant. If the gravitational ρ 0 f o r r ≤ R
particles has a mass density ρ =
potential at r = r0 be V0 , then what is the 0 f o r r > R
expression for the gravitational potential V? Where ρ 0 is a constant. A test mass can
1) k log ( r / r0 ) 2) k log ( r0 / r ) undergo circular motion under the influence of
3) V0 + k log ( r / r0 ) 4) V0 + k log ( r0 / r ) the gravitational field of particles. Its speed v
as function of distance r from the centre of the
39. Distance between the centre of two stars is
system is represented by ( 2008 I)
10a. the masses of these stars are M and
16M and their radii a and 2a respectively. A A v v
body of mass m is fired straight from the

surface of the larger star towards the surface 1) 2)
of the smaller star. What should be its r R
r
R
minimum initial speed to reach the surface of
the smaller star ? v v
GM 1 5GM 3 GM 3 5 GM 3) 4)
1) 2) 3) 4)
a 2 a 2 a 2 a r r
R R
40. There is a crater of depth R/100 on the surface
of the moon (radius R). A Projectile is fired 44. A satellite is moving with a constant speed ‘v’
vertically upward from the crater with velocity, in a circular orbit about the earth. An object
of mass ‘m’ is ejected from the satellite such
which is equal to the escape velocity v from
that it just escapes from the gravitational pull
the surface of the moon. Find the maximum of the earth. At the time of its ejection, the
height attained by the projectile. (2003A) kinetic energy of the object is
1) 90R 2) 95 R 3) 99.5 R 4) 50 R 1 2 3 2
41. Gravitational acceleration on the surface of a 1) mv 2) mv 2 3) mv 4) 2 mv 2
2 2
6 LEVEL-III-KEY
planet is g , where g is the gravitational
11 1) 1 2) 2 3) 1 4) 4 5) 1 6) 1
acceleration on the surface of the earth. The 7) 2 8) 3 9) 4 10) 4 11) 1 12)2
average mass density of the planet is 2/3 times 13)4 14)1 15)4 16) 2 17) 4 18)3
that of the earth. If the escape speed on the
19)1 20)4 21) 4 22)3 23)1 24)1
surface of the earth is taken to be 11kms −1 ,
25)3 26)1 27)2 28)2 29)2 30)4
the escape speed on the surface of the planet 31)3 32)2 33)4 34)2 35)2 36)4
in kms −1 will be (2010 I) 37)1 38)3 39)4 40) 3 41)1 42)2,4
1) 3 2) 6 3) 9 4) 12 43)3 44)2

LEVEL-III-HINTS Using Kepler’s third law T 2 ∞r 3

1. Gravitational force = Centripetal force
T' T 2T
GM v2 time of fall = = =
⇒ 2 = 2 2 8 8
r r M Ms
here r is the radius of curvature. From Kepler’s 3
= GmM S
4 D  4
law, time period is given by, 8. π  π S3 ; F=−
3  2  3 S2
a 3
2π ab
T = 2π = G m ( m1 + m 2 )
GM rv 9. Position I. F = r1 2
 dA vr 2dA 2 
 = ⇒ dt = T = = π ab  (here the particle lies outside of both the shells)
 dt 2 vr rv 
Gm2
v=
ab GM Position II. F = r 2
2
r a3
2. From conservation of energy here the particle lies outside of the shell of mass m1
GMm 1 2 −GMm 1 2 position III. Here the particle lies inside of both of
− + mv p = + mva
rp 2 ra 2 the shells so F = 0 .
L = m v p rp = mva ra 4 3
10. Mass of the sphere is given by M = π y ρ
3
1
3. Semi major axis = 4 ⇒ ae = 1 ⇒ e = Gravitational force,
4
4 
Semi minor axis = b G  π y3 ρ  m
F=   ⇒a = F
3
1
b = a 1 − e2 = 4 1− = 15 = 15 y 2
m
16
Sdα
Required distance = b2 +1 = 4 11. dm = D × dl = D ×
cos α
4. R1 = (1+ e ) a ; R2 = (1 − e) a
GMdm
R +R dF = cos α
a = 1 2 ; R1R2 = (1 − e 2 ) a 2 Gravitational force,  S 
 
2  cos α 
b2 π /2
semi-latus rectum = MGD 2MGD
a total force F = ∫ S
cos α d α =
S
a 2 (1 − e 2 )
−π / 2
R1 R2 2 R1R2
= = =
ρR −ρ (R / 2)
3
R1 + R2 R1 + R2
a
12. E1 = 6ε 0
, Ec =
3ε 0 R
2 2
R3 R3
5. Using T = 2π = 2π M 1
GM 4
G × π R3D Enet = E1 + Ec ; ρ = 4 3 ; ε 0 = 4π G
3 πR
4π 2 R 3 3π 3π 3
T2 = = ⇒ = T2D
4 3 DG G Gm 2 2Gm 2 mv2
G πR D + cos45 =
( )
13.
dA
3
( 2r )2 2r
2
r
6. = constant ;
dt GMdm
14. dF = ; F = ΣdF cos θ
π ab 1 3R 2
t AB
=
( Area ) SAB − b ( ea )
4 2 15. Let the extension at height h be x ' then
T ( Area ) ellipse = π ab
GMm  F
∴ F = k x o r x = 
7. On stopping, the satellite will fall along the radius r x=
of the orbit which can be regarded as a limiting kR 2
 k
r
case of an ellipse with semi major axis 2

x' R2 R2 r12 : r22 : r 2 = r12 : r 22 : ( r 12 + r 22 ) = 9 : 16 : (9+16)

= x' = x
( )
then x k R + h 2 ;
(R + h)
2
⇒ r1 : r2 : r = 3 : 4 : 5 = V1 : V2 : V
16. Here, g = GM / R and 2
M ( 2π r ) dr
26. dm = π 16 R 2 − 9 R 2 4 R
G ( M / 2) 2GM ( )
g '= = = 2g
( R / 2)
2
R2 − G ( dm )
4R
dV = ; V = ∫ dV
 g '− g  r 2 + 16 R 2 3R
∴ % increase in g =  g  × 100 W = m [V∞ − V ]

 
 2g − g  ur u ur
x0 y0 z 0
=
 g 
 × 100 = 100% 27. W = ∫ F .dr = ma ∫
0
( yi$ + x $j ) ( dxi$ + d y$j )
17. Gravitational force is zero due to symmetry
= ma ∫ d ( xy ) = ma ( xy )
18. At the point P, we have I1 − I 2 = 0 (because the
gravitational field inside a shell is zero). H e n c e − Gm1 Gm2 −Gm2 Gm1
28. V1 = − and V2 = −
I1 = I 2 R 2R R 2R
GM −Gm2 Gm1 −Gm1 Gm2
19. If r ≤ R, then E = 3 ( r) ⇒ E∞r ∆V =V2 −V1 = − + −
R R 2R R 2R
E1 r1 1 1 
⇒ E = r if r1 < R and r2 < R = G(m1 − m2 )  − 
2 2 R 2R 
GM 1 mG(m1 − m2 )( 2 − 1)
If r ≥ R, then E = 2
⇒ E∞ 2
Hence W = m (∆V ) =
r r 2R
⇒
E1 r22
=
E2 r12
if r1 > R and r2 > R ( ) ((
29. W = m E.dr = m E . r2 − r1 )
30. U1 = − G
20. ER = E12 + E22 −5G
m
U2 = , W = U 2 − ( −U 1 )
; L = π r ; dm = λdl = λ ( rdθ )
6
21. λ =
L −G m1 m2
π π 31. GPE = ; W = GPE 2 − GPE1
Gλ  $ $ r
E=  ∫ cosθ dθ i + ∫ sin θ dθ j  −G 4 M MG
r 0 0  V= −
32. W = m [VB − VA ] ; 33. 3 2R
 2h1 2h2  R
22. Error = m ( g2 − g1 ) = mg  − 2
 R R  −dU
23. gφ = g − Rω 2 cos2 φ 34. F = ; Fx = − p, Fy = − q, Fz = − r
dr
r
GM GM F = p 2 + q2 + r 2 ⇒ ma = p 2 + q 2 + r 2
24. U = − 4 = − 32
L/ 2 L
 ∂ ∂ 
25. 4π r ρ = 4 π r1 ρ + 4π r2 ρ ⇒ r 2 = r12 + r22
2 2 2
35. Eg =  − iˆ − ˆj  ( −kxy )
 ∂x ∂y 
− GM G 4π r 2 ρ − GM
V= =− 36. L = π r but V =
r r r
V = −4π rG ρ ⇒ V ∝ r
37. V = − ∫ Edr
V1 r1 3 r2 9
⇒ = = ⇒ 12 = dV dr
V2 r2 4 r2 16 38. Here, I = − = − k / r (or) dV = k
dr r
then integrate
39. Let there are two stars 1 and 2 as shown below.

v2A
M 16M = VB − VA
C1 r1 P r2 C2 2
a
GM  −GM  R  
2a 2

−  3 (1.5R 2 ) − 0.5  R −
GM
1 2 =−  
R R + h  R   100   
Let P is a point between C1 and C2 , where
2
gravitational field strength is zero. Hence 1 1 3  1  99  1
=− + −    .
GM G (16 M ) r2 R R + h 2R  2  100  R
= ; r = 4, r1 + r2 = 10a Solving this equation, we get h = 99.5R
r12 r22 1
 4  4 
G  π R3  ρ
∴ r2 =  4 + 1  (10a ) = 8a 41. g = GM =  3 
  2 2
R R
r1 = 2a
g
Now, the body of mass m is projected from the
g∞ρR ; R∞
surface of large star towards the smaller one. ρ
Between C2 and P it is attracted towards 2 and Now escape velocity, ve = 2 gR
between C1 and P it will be attracted towards 1.
g g2
Therefore, the body should be projected to just ve∞ gR ; v e∞ g × ∞
cross point P because beyond that the particle is ρ ρ
attracted towards the smaller star itself.
( ve ) planet = (11kms−1 )
6 3
×
121 2 = 3kms
−1
1 2
From conservation of mechanical energy mv
2
2GM 2G8 M
= potential energy of the body at P 42. V P = , VQ = = 2VP
− potential energy at the surface of larger star.. R 2R
1 2  GMm 16GMm  VR =
2G9M
= 91 / 3 V P
∴ 2 mvmin =  r −  91 / 3 R
 1 r2 
mv2 GmM
 GMm 16GMm  43. For r ≤ R ; = 2 → (1 )
− − − r r
 10a − 2a 2a   43
here, M =  3 π r  ρ 0
1 2  45  GMm  
mvmin =   substituting in Eq(1) we get v∞r
2  8  a
3 5  GM  i.e., v − r graph is a straight line passing through
vmin =  
2  a  origin. for r > R
Gm  π R 3  ρ 0
3
40. Speed of particle at A, 1
m v2
= 4  or v ∞
vA = escape velocity on the surface of r r2 r
The corresponding v − r graph will be as shown
2GM
earth = in option (3)
R 44. In circular orbit of a satellite, potential energy
At highest point B, vB = 0
= −2 × ( kineticenergy ) = − 2 × 1 mv2 = −mv 2
Applying conservation of mechanical energy, 2
decrease in kinetic energy Just to escape from the gravitational pull, its total
= increase in gravitational potential energy mechanical energy should be zero. Therefore, its
1 kinetic energy should be + mv 2
= mvA2 = UB − UA = m (VB − VA )
2
5. Bodies can be projected from surface of earth

LEVEL - IV to make them to orbit as a satellite or escape
from gravitational pull of planet. Column-I
Matching Type Questions gives the position of body after it is projected
1. Match the Columns and Column-II gives values of velocity of
Column-I Column - II projection.
A) Concept of P) at the poles on the Column-I Column-II
elliptical path surface of earth A) Velocity of projection of P) 11.2 km/s
B) Gravitational Q) Decreases as we go body from surface of earth
attraction force upwards from the for body to orbit around surface
surface of earth of earth close to it.
C) Acceleration due R) Kepler’s 1st law B) Velocity of projection of Q) 7.8 km/s
to gravity body to orbit around earth in
D) Acceleration due to S) Kepler’s 2nd law geostationary orbit
gravity is maximum T) Newton’s Law C) Velocity of body to orbit R) <7.8 km/s
2 A satellite of mass m is moving in a circular around earth in any orbit.
orbit of radius r = (Re+h) around earth of D) Velocity of body to escape S) » 3km/s
radius Re and mass M e, and density of earth from surface of earth
ρ . Match the following 6. Column-I Column-II
Column-I Column - II (position) (Gravitational intensity)
A) At centre of earth P) GM/R2
r3 B) At r<R (inside earth) Q) 0
A) Orbital velocity of the satellite P) T = 2π
GM e C) At r=R R) GMr/R3
GM e m D) At r>R (outside earth) S) GM/r2
B) Kinetic energy of the satellite. Q) 7. Column-I Column-II
2r
A) Gravitational force P) Sun-synchronous orbit
GMem
C) Potential energy of the satellite R) − B) Escape speed Q)Geo-synchronous orbit
2r C) Geo-stationary R) Conservative force
GMem satellite
D) Total energy of the satellite S) − D) Remote sensing S) Independent of
r
GM satellite mass of body
E) Time period of the satellite. T) r e 8. If our planet suddenly shrinks in size, still
3. Column-I Column-II remaining perfectly spherical with mass
The gravitational potential remaining unchanged.
Column-I Column-II
energy at A) Duration of the day P) increase
A)Surface of earth P) 0 B) Kinetic energy of rotation Q) unchanged
R
B) At height h = Q) -mgR C) Duration of the year
9. When a planet moves around the sun
R) decrease
3
3 Column-I Column-II
C) At infinity R) - mgR A) Its angular momentum P) increases
2 B) When it is near the sun its speed Q) constant
3
D) At centre of earth S) - mgR C) When it is near the sun its R) decreases
4 potential energy
4. Column-I Column-II 10. A satellite is revolving round the earth in an
A) Acceleration due to gravity P) g elliptical orbit.
at north pole of earth when earth Column-I Column-II
rotates with angular speed w (A) Gravitational force exerted by earth and
æ xö
P) Zero
B) Acceleration due to gravity Q) g çççè1- R ÷÷÷ø centripetal force at some points only can be
(B) Work done by gravitational force in
at height x from surface of earth x<<R æ 2x ö
R) g çççè1 - R ÷÷ø÷
Q) Equal
C) Acceleration due to gravity
some small parts of orbit can be
at depth x
(C) In comparison of centripetal force at some
D) Acceleration due to gravity S) g - Rw 2
R) Greater
at equator due to rotation of earth
point magnitude of gravitational force can be
with angular speed w
11. Two satellites S1 and S2 revolve round a planet 17. Assertion: A spherical shell produces no
in coplanar circular orbits in opposite gravitational field anywhere.
sense.Their periods of revolution are 1hr. and Reason: The field due to various mass elements
8hrs. respectively. The radius of orbit of S1 is cancels out, everywhere inside and outside the
10 4 km. shell.
Column-I Column-II 18. Assertion: For the planets orbiting around the sun,
A) Speed of Ist satellite P) π ×10 4 km / h angular speed, linear speed, KE change with time,
B) Speed of IInd satellite Q) 3π × 10 4 km / h but angular momentum remains constant.
Reason: No torque is acting on the rotating planet.
C) Minimum magnitude of R) 2π × 10 4 km / h
So its angular momentum is constant.
relative velocity between 19. Assertion: The change of weight with height h near
the two satellites
the earth’s surface is proportional to h 0
ASSERTION AND REASONING TYPE Reason: Since gravitational potential is given by
QUESTIONS V = −GM / r .
In the following questions, each question 20. Assertion: A particle is at a height R from the
contains Assertion and Reason. Each question surface of earth. (Here R is radius of earth). If
has four choices (1), (2),(3) and (4) out of which mass of particle is m then its gravitational potential
only one is correct. energy is mgR.
(1) Assertion is True, Reason is True; Reason: If a particle is slowly lifted above the
Reason is a correct explanation for Assertion surface of earth then work is done by external
. agent . Work done by external agent is wasted in
(2)Assertion is True, Reason is True; Reason the form of heat energy.
is NOT a correct explanation for Assertion . 21. Assertion: Two particles are to be projected from
(3)Assertion is True, Reason is False. the surface of earth so that particles just leave the
(4) Both Assertion ,Reason are false gravitational field of earth. One particle is projected
12. Assertion: Particle of mass m dropped into a hole vertically upward and another is at an angle of 450
made along the diameter of the earth from one end with vertical. Speed given to both particles is same.
to the other end possess simple harmonic motion. Reason: Escape speed does not depend upon
Reason:Gravitational force between any two angle of projection.
particles is inversely proportional to the square of 22. Assertion: For a satellite revolving very near to
the distance between them. earth’s surface the time period of revolution is given
13. Assertion: Escape velocity is independent of the by 1 h 24 min.
angle of projection. Reason: The period of revolution of a satellite
Reason: Escape velocity from the surface of earth depends only upon its height above the earth’s
is 2gR where R is radius of the earth. surface.
14. Assertion: Work done by gravitational field in 23. Assertion: Kepler’s second law can be
cyclic process is zero understood by conservation of angular momentum
principle
Reason: Work done by conservative field does
Reason: Kepler’s second law is related with areal
not depend upon path.
velocity which can further be proved to be based
15. Assertion: Gravitational potential is zero inside a
on conservation of angular momentum as
shell.
Reason: Gravitational potential is equal to double ( dA / dt ) = ( r 2ω ) / 2
the work done in bringing a unit mass from infinity 24. Assertion: If earth suddenly stops rotating about
to a point inside the gravitational field. its axis then the acceleration due to gravity will
16. Assertion: In elliptical orbit around the sun, become same at all the places.
the earth is closer to the sun during summer than Reason: The value of acceleration due to gravity
during winter in northern hemisphere. is independent of rotation of earth.
Reason: The angular momentum of the earth about 25. Assertion: Orbital velocity of a satellite is greater
the sun is not conserved. than its escape velocity.

Reason: Orbit of a satellite is beyond the gravita STATEMENT TYPE QUESTIONS

tional field of earth 1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true
26. Assertion: When a planet moves in elliptical 2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false
orbit around sun, its angular momentum about sun 3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
remains conserved. 4) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is false
Reason: Total energy of the planet remains 35. Statement-1: When a body is projected with velocity
conserved v = v0 (where v0 is orbital velocity) then
27. Assertion: Satellite is put in an orbit at a height path of the projectile is circular.
where air resistance is present, then orbital velocity Statement - 2 : Gravitational force between body
of the satellite will decrease. and the earth provides the centripetal force.
Reason: Due to air resistance a lot of heat will be 36. Statement - 1 : For a mass M kept at the centre of
produced which may burn satellite a cube of side ‘a’, the flux of gravitational field
28. Assertion: The magnitude of gravitational potential passing through its sides is 4π GM. (2008A)
at the surface of solid sphere is less than Statement - 2 : If the direction of a field due to a
that of the centre of sphere. point source is radial and its dependence on the
Reason: Due to solid sphere, gravitational potential distance ‘r’ from the source is given as r 1/2 . Its flux
is same within the sphere. through a closed surface depends only on the
29. Assertion: smaller the orbit of a planet around the strength of the source enclosed by the surface
sun, shorter is the time it takes to complete. and not on the size or shape of the surface
Reason: According to Kepler’s third law of 37. Statement-1: Orbiting satellite or body has K.E.
planetary motion, square of time period is of always less than that of Potential energy.
proportional to cube of mean distance from the sun. Statement - 2 : For any bound state, the magnitude
30. Assertion: The value of acceleration due to gravity of potential energy is always twice that of kinetic
does not depend upon mass of the body energy (K.E.)
Reason: Acceleration due to gravity is a constant
38. Statement-1 : There is almost no effect of rotation
quantity
of earth at poles.
31. Assertion: Earth does not retain hydrogen
Statement - 2 : Because rotation of earth is about
molecules and helium atoms in its atmosphere,
polar axis.
but does retain much heavier molecules, such as
39. Statement-1 : The force of attraction due to a
oxygen and nitrogen.
Reason: Lighter molecules in the atmosphere have hollow spherical shell of uniform density, on a point
mass situated inside it is zero.
translational speed that is greater or closer to escape
speed of earth. Statement - 2 : The gravitation field due to the
32. Assertion: If a particle projected horizontally just shell inside the shell will be zero.
above the surface of earth with a speed greater 40. Statement-1 : The angular momentum uder a
than escape speed, then it will escape from central force is constant.
gravitational influence of earth. Statement - 2 : A force directed towards a fixed
Reason: Escape velocity is independent of its point following inverse square law is conservative
direction. 41. Statement-1 : A satellite moves round the earth in
33. Assertion: If time period of a satellite revolving in a circular orbit under the action of gravity.A person
circular orbit in equatorial plane is 24h, then it in the satellite experience a zero gravity field in the
must be a geo-stationary satellite. satellite
Reason: Time period of a geo-stationary satellite Statement - 2 : The contact force by the surface
is 12 h on the person is zero
34. Assertion: Two satellites are following one another 42. Statement-1 :A body becomes weightless at the
in the same circular orbit. If one satellite tries to centre of earth.
catch another ( leading one ) satellite, then it can Statement - 2 : As the distance from centre of
be done by increasing its speed without changing earth decreases acceleration due to gravity
the orbit. increases.
Reason: The energy of earth - satellite system in 43. Statement-1 : The speed of satellite always remains
circular orbit is given by E = +( GMm) / ( 2r) , where
constant in an orbit
Statement - 2 : The speed of a satellite depends
r is the radius of the circular orbit. on its path.
44. Statement-1 : If earth suddenly stops rotating about 51. For a planet moving around the sun in an elliptical
its axis, the acceleration due to gravity at poles orbit, which of the following quantities remain
remains unchanged. constant ?
Statement - 2 : Rotation of earth is about polar A) The total energy of the ‘sun planet’ system
axis so the centripetal acceleration of any pole is B) The angular momentum of the planet about the
zero.
sun.
45. Statement-1 : Total energy of an orbiting satellite
C) The force of attraction between the two
depends only on the semi major axis and not on its
eccentricity.
Statement - 2 : For zero eccentricity the path of D) The linear momentum of the planet
the satellite will be circular. 52. If a satellite orbits as close to the earth’s surface
46. Statement-1 : A planet is moving around the sun in as possible
an elliptical orbit. Then from aphelion point to A) its speed is maximum
perihelion point the speed of the planet continuously B) time period of its rotation is minimum
increases. C) the total energy of the earth plus satellite system
Statement - 2 : According to Kepler’s second is minimum
law, the areal velocity of the line joining planet to D) the total energy of the earth plus satellite system
the sun is constant. is maximum
47. Statement-1 : Acceleration due to moon’s gravity 53. A satellite to be geo-stationary, which of the
on moon’s surface is ge/6.Acceleration due to following are essential conditions?
earth’s gravity on moon’s surface
is ge/(60) 2 A) it must always be stationed above the equator
Statement - 2 : The distance of moon from earth’s B) it must be rotate from west to east
centre is approximately equal to 60 times the radius C) it must be about 36,000km above the earth
of earth. surface
48. Statement-1 : Space rockets are usually launched D) its orbit must be circular, and not elliptical
in the equatorial line from west to east. LEVEL-IV- KEY
Statement - 2 : The acceleration due to gravity is MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS
minimum at the equator. 1)A-R, B-T, C-Q, D-P
MORE THAN ONE CORRECT 2)A-T, B-Q, C-S, D-R, E-P
CHOICE 3)A-Q, B-S, C-P, D-R ; 4)A-P, B-R, C-Q,D-S
49. Which of the following is correct 5)A-Q, B-S, C-R, D-P; 6) A-Q, B-R,C-P,D-S
A) An astronaut in going from Earth to Moon will 7)A-R, B-S, C-Q, D-P; 8) A-R, B-P, C-Q
experience weightlessness once. 9) A-Q, B-P, C-R ; 10)A-Q, B-P, C-R
B) When a thin uniform spherical shell gradually 11)A-R,B-P, C-Q
shrinks maintaining its shape, the gravitational
potential at its centre decreases.
ASSERTION - REASONING TYPE
C) In the case of spherical shell, the plot of V
12.2 13.1 14.1 15.4
versus r is continuous.
D) In the case of spherical shell, the plot of 16.4 17.4 18.1 19.2
gravitational field intensity I versus r is continuous 20.4 21.1 22.1 23.1
50. An object is weighed at the North pole by a beam 24.3 25.4 26.2 27.2
balance and a spring balance, giving readings of 28.3 29.1 30.3 31.1
WB and WS respectively. It is again weighed in the 32.1 33.4 34.4
same manner at the equator, giving reading of STATEMENTS
35.1 36. 1 37.1 38.1
WB ′ and WS ′ respectively. Assume that the 39.1 40.1 41.3 42.2
acceleration due to gravity is the same every where 43.3 44.1 45.1 46.1
and that the balances are quite sensitive. 47.1 48.1
A) WB = WS B) WB ′ = WS ′ MORE THAN ONE CHOICE
49. A,B,C 50. A,C,D 51. A,B 52. A,B,C
C) WB = WB ′ D) WS ′ < WS 53. A,B,C,D

LEVEL-IV-HINTS 24. The value of g at any place is given by

12. As the particle moves along the hole in to and fro g ′ = g − ω 2 Re cos 2 λ
motion it executes SHM If ω = 0 then g ′ = g . The value of g will be same
G m1 m2 1 at all places.
F= ⇒F∝ 2
r 2
r 25. Ve = 2 v0
13. Using only energy conservation, 26. Angular momentum is conserved because net
1
m v e2 = (G M m ) / R torque is zero
2 27. Decrease in speed and production of heat, both
14. Work done by conservative field in cyclic take place.
process is zero
GM
15. Work will be done only in bringing the unit 28. Vin = 3 3 R − r 
2 2
mass from infinity upto the surface of shell because 2R

inside the shell there is no gravitational field and in GM
moving inside the shell no work will be done. At surface V s = [ at r = R]
R
16. Assertion is true otherwise the orbit would be
3
unstable. Vin = Vs ⇒ Vin > Vs
17. Although no gravitational field is produced inside a 2
symmetric shell, it produces a field at points outside V is not same everywhere as indicated by Vin
the shell.
r
18. The torque on a body is given by τ = dL / dt . .
29. According to Kepler’s third law of motion, T 2 ∝ a3 ,
In case of planet orbiting around the sun no torque When a is smaller, shorter is the time
is acting on it. period.
⇒ L (angular momentum) = constant. 30. Acceleration due to gravity is given by g = GM / r 2 .
 2h   2h  Thus it does not depend on mass of body .
19. g ′ = g  1−  ; ∆g = g − g′ = g 
 R  R 3KT 3RT
31. From kinetic theory of gas, v= , v=
dW d d d  2gh  m M
= ( m∆g ) = m ∆g = m  
dh dh dh dh  R  So, for lighter gas molecules v is greater which is
enough to take these molecules away from
2mg
= = constant earth’s atmosphere.
R
20. Potential energy of particle at a height R is 2GM
32. Ve = = 2 gR = 11.2 k m s−1
GMm mgR R
GPE = − =−
2R 2 Which does not depend upon angle of projection
and mass of the projected body. Escape velocity
2GM
21. Ve = = 2 gR = 11.2 k m s−1 is independent of direction of projection.
R 33. For a satellite to be geo-stationary, the necessary
Which does not depend upon angle of projection requirements are:
and mass of the projected body. 1. Its orbit must be in equatorial plane and
22. The time period of satellite which is very near to circular.
R 2. Its time period must be 24 h;
earth is given by T = 2π g
= 84min = 1 h 24min
3. Its sense of rotation must be same as that of
earth about its own axis.
dA 1 dA 1 2
23. = rv ⇒ = r ω 34. Here, Assertion is wrong because as speed of one
dt 2 dt 2 satellite increases, its kinetic energy and hence
mr 2ω L total energy increases,
⇒ = = constant ⇒ L = constant. i.e., total energy becomes less negative and hence
2m 2m
r increases, i.e., orbit changes.

3B. Gravitation - Problems (183 - 213)

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3B. Gravitation - Problems (183 - 213)

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NEET-PHYSICS-VOL- II GRAVITATION

8. The period of moon’s rotation around the earth

INTENSITY 27. A person brings a mass 2 kg from A to B. The

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 185

186 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

28. W = GPE2 − GPE1 ; ∆GPE = mgh

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 187

8. A planet moves around the sun in elliptical

dt dt its angular momentum is

188 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITATIONAL FIELD INTENSITY

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 189

1) −10 4 J 2) 2 × 10 4 J 3) −2 ×104 J 4) −4 ×104 J GMm r3

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 191

13. Gravitational force on one sphere due to the other mgh

34. P.E = −GMm  − 

midpoint of a side and (ii) at the centre of the

ACCELERATION DUE TO 1) 4 gR 2) 2gR 3) gR 4) 4gR

2 2g 5R be projected from the mid point of the line

194 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 195

196 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

27. Given, v P = 2vQ LEVEL - II (H.W)

GM  2    orbits of radii R1 and R2 in the same direction

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 197

EARTH SATELLITES vertices of an equilateral triangle of side 10

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 199

200 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

2. A planet of mass m revolves in elliptical orbit

5. A satellite is orbiting just above the surface of

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 201

11. A point mass M is at a distance S from an

gravitational force between the point mass and 2 2 GmM

23. If earth were to rotate on its own axis such

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 203

2m V = -kxy, where ‘k’ is a constant. If E g is the

204 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

body of mass m is fired straight from the

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 205

LEVEL-III-HINTS Using Kepler’s third law T 2 ∞r 3

206 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

x' R2 R2 r12 : r22 : r 2 = r12 : r 22 : ( r 12 + r 22 ) = 9 : 16 : (9+16)

∴ % increase in g =  g  × 100 W = m [V∞ − V ]

39. Let there are two stars 1 and 2 as shown below.

5. Bodies can be projected from surface of earth

210 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

Reason: Orbit of a satellite is beyond the gravita STATEMENT TYPE QUESTIONS

212 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

LEVEL-IV-HINTS 24. The value of g at any place is given by

mass from infinity upto the surface of shell because 2R

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 213

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