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Outline of Article Analysis (15%) Group Members: 1 2 3 4. TITLE: The Advantages and Disadvantages of Smartphones. Thesis Statement
Outline of Article Analysis (15%) Group Members: 1 2 3 4. TITLE: The Advantages and Disadvantages of Smartphones. Thesis Statement
Thesis Statement:
Smartphones will improve reading, ease the learning process, allow smooth communication
even in remote areas, contain advanced and powerful features but can cause distractions,
anxiety, physical health problems and also can damage family relationship.
(Sato et al., 2015 as cited in Imam & al., 2015 as cited in Imam & Kabir, 2020).
Kabir, 2020).
Point 2: Smartphones ease the learning process (Imam & Kabir, 2020).
b) It enables learners to actively search It allows learners to actively seek out learning
for learning resources that can be seen resources, which is a key characteristic of
as a significant attribute of learners who learners who take ownership of their learning
take ownership of learning material materials (Sato et al., 2015 as cited in Imam &
(Sato et al., 2015 as cited in Imam & Kabir, 2020).
Kabir, 2020).
c) The researcher notices that WhatsApp WhatsApp, according to the researcher, has a
plays a significant role in big influence in vocabulary development.
vocabulary learning (Fattah & Flores, (Fattah & Flores, 2015 as cited in Imam &
2015 as cited in Imam & Kabir, 2020). Kabir, 2020).
d) Many students think that smartphones Many students believe that cellphones can
may help them learn, speed up the help them learn faster, improve their
lessons, boost their knowledge and knowledge and word memorization, and close
word memorization, and reduce the gap the gap between them and their teachers
OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS/ ELC 550
between students and teachers (Hulse, (Hulse, 2018 as cited in Imam & Kabir, 2020).
2018 as cited in Imam & Kabir, 2020).
Point 5: Smartphones can cause distractions in education (Singh & Narina A. Samah,
2018)
Supporting details Paraphrased supporting details
a) The result indicates that the use of The findings show that texting disrupts
mobile phone distracts students students' learning processes and that students
learning process and students believe perceive their classroom learning is hindered
that their classroom learning is when they are using the mobile phone
disrupted during texting (Froese et al., (Froese et al., 2012, as cited in Singh &
2012, as cited in Singh & Narina A. Narina A. Samah, 2018).
Samah, 2018).
b) Study conducted by Elder (2013, as According to Elder (2013, as cited in Singh &
cited in Singh & Narina A. Samah, Narina A. Samah, 2018), students who use
2018) shows that students who used their phones in class perform worse than
mobile phone in class score lower than those who don't, and they can't recollect as
students who did not use mobile phone much material from the lecture.
and they even not able to recall much
information from the lecture.
c) Alfawareh and Jusoh’s (2014, as cited According to Alfawareh and Jusoh (2014, as
in Singh & Narina A. Samah, 2018) cited in Singh & Narina A. Samah, 2018),
study revealed that students do not fully students do not utterly employ smartphones
OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS/ ELC 550
utilize smartphones for learning motive for learning purposes, instead of using them to
but utilize it to make calls, taking make calls, snap photos, and access the
pictures and browsing internet. internet.
d) Hanson et al. (2011, as cited in Singh & Students prefer to use instant messaging,
Narina A. Samah, 2018) stated that email, and web-browsing in the library rather
students prefer to use instant than accessing library online resources,
messaging, email and web-surfing in according to Hanson et al. (2011, as cited in
library rather than looking into library Singh & Narina A. Samah, 2018).
online resources.
Point 6: Smartphones can cause anxiety (Singh & Narina A. Samah, 2018).
Supporting details Paraphrased supporting details
a) Study conducted on smartphone users A study of smartphone users found that those
revealed that users that overuse who use their phones excessively have higher
smartphone experience higher level of levels of depression, trait anxiety, and state
depression, trait anxiety and state anxiety than those who don't (Hwang et al.,
anxiety compare to normal smartphone 2012, as cited in Singh & Narina A. Samah,
users (Hwang et al., 2012, as cited in 2018).
Singh & Narina A. Samah, 2018).
b) Berger (2013, as cited in Singh & According to Berger (2013, as cited in Singh &
Narina A. Samah, 2018) study shows Narina A. Samah, 2018) students who use
that students who utilize mobile phone their phones regularly have bottom grades,
more tend to achieve lower grades and increased anxiety, and are less cheerful than
have higher anxiety and felt less happy students who do not use their phones
than students who do not utilize mobile frequently.
phone frequently.
c) Study by Smith (2013, as cited in Singh Smith (2013, as cited in Singh & Narina A.
& Narina A. Samah, 2018) had also Samah, 2018) discovered that when students
shown that students tend to have high use their phones more, they experience
anxiety and their GPA was low when higher levels of anxiety and have poorer
they tend to use their phone more. grades of GPA.
d) The increasing frequency and time The rising frequency and duration spent (Lee
spend (Lee et al., 2014) beside of et al., 2014), as well as youth dependence on
OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS/ ELC 550
Point 7: Smartphones can cause physical health problems (Sarwar & Soomro, 2013).
Supporting details Paraphrased supporting details
a) According from articles of ComScore Inc Another trend that has been seen is that
(2012, as cited in Sarwar & Soomro, 2013) many parents allow their children to carry
Another aspect that has been noticed is and use smartphones at a young age.
that a lot of parents let their kids carry and (ComScore Inc, 2012 as cited in Sarwar &
use smartphone’s even in their very young Soomro, 2013).
age.
b) This convenience of smartphones access This easy accessibility to health resources
to health resources can be dangerous if through smartphones can be problematic if
patients start avoiding personal interaction people begin to avoid face-to-face
with doctors for mandatory tasks (Laird, interactions with doctors for routine
2012, as cited in Sarwar & Soomro, 2013). procedures (Laird, 2012, as cited in
Sarwar & Soomro, 2013).
c) The use of smartphones exposes children The usage of smartphones exposes kids
to the habit of jumping from one option to to the tendency of moving from one option
another that trains them to gather small to the next, which educates them to gather
portions of information instead of little amounts of information rather than
concentrating and getting which is concentrating and obtaining which
information, which is harmful for information, which is detrimental to brain
development of brain (ComScore Inc, development. (ComScore Inc, 2012, as
2012, as cited in Sarwar & Soomro, 2013). cited in Sarwar & Soomro, 2013).
OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS/ ELC 550
Point 8: Smartphones can damage family relationship (Sarwar & Soomro, 2013).
Supporting details Paraphrased supporting details
a) Addiction of smartphones is impacting the Smartphones addiction is affecting our
social life and family life also creating social and familial lives, causing tension in
frictions in our lives (Idugboe, 2011, as our lives (Idugboe, 2011, as cited in
cited in Sarwar & Soomro, 2013) Sarwar & Soomro, 2013).
b) In short, the higher integration of the work In brief, the increased integration of work
and home facilitated by smartphones result and home enabled by smartphones leads
in work-home interference (WHI), which is to work-home interference (WHI), which is
considered as a potential source of stress a major source of stress that negatively
that having negative effect of employee affects employee social and family life
social and family life (Derks et al, 2012, as (Derks et al, 2012, as cited in Sarwar &
cited in Sarwar & Soomro, 2013). Soomro, 2013).
c) Many smartphones’ users engage in Many smartphones’ users engage in
continuous monitoring of their work-related continual monitoring of their work-related
emails, which creates compulsive routines emails, which leads to compulsive chronic
of chronic checking and in the long run it is checking habits and, in the long run,
responsible for increased stress. (Derks et greater stress. (Derks et al, 2012, as cited
al, 2012, as cited in Sarwar & Soomro, in Sarwar & Soomro, 2013).
2013).
OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS/ ELC 550
While smartphones will improve reading, ease the learning process, allow smooth
communication even in remote areas, contain advanced and powerful features they can give the
effect to distractions, anxiety, physical health problems and will damage family relationship.
INTENDED AUDIENCE
Article 1: Asian EFL learners
Article 2: General public especially businessmen
Article 3: University’s students
Article 4: Researchers
Article 3: To identify the motive of students in utilizing their smartphones; positive and negative
effect of smartphone use on student’s life in term of their education, socialization, and
psychological health.
Article 4: To explain the impact of smartphones on society.
REFERENCES
Imam, H.T., & Kabir, N.B., (2020). Effectiveness of smartphone on efl reading:
Learners’ perception in asian countries. European Journal of Education Studies, 7(12),
675-714. http://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v7i12.3484
Singh, M.K.K., & Narina A. Samah (2018). Impact of smartphone: A review on positive and
negative effects on students. Asian Social Science, 14(11), 83-89.
https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n11p83
OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS/ ELC 550
Sarwar, M. & Soomro, T.R. (2013). Impact of smartphones on society: European Journal of
Scientific Research, 98(2), 216-226.
http://www.europeanjournalofscientificresearch.com