AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY–BANGLADESH (AIUB)

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
ELECTRONIC DEVICES LAB

Spring 2021-2022

Section: R

Group: 01

LAB REPORT ON

Study of Diode Rectifiers

Supervised By
S. M. IMRAT RAHMAN

Submitted By:

Name ID
1. Md. Hamid Uddin 19-40250-1
2. Md. Jisun Abedin Aurnob 19-40318-1
3. Wathin Marma 19-40379-1
4. Rifat Al Mamun Rudro 19-39909-1
5. Jahnnabi Mazumder 19-40294-1

Date of Submission: February 15, 2022

Introduction:
A rectifier is a diode that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). This is an
essential process because alternating current can change direction regularly, while direct current
only flows in one direction and is therefore easier to control. The P-N junction diode is most
commonly used in rectifier circuits. A diode rectifier generates an alternating voltage that pulses
over time. In this lab Half wave rectifiers, Full wave rectifiers and Full wave center tapped rectifier
studied by us.
Theory and Methodology:
There are 3 types of diode rectifiers. They are Half-wave rectifier, Full-wave bridge rectifier
and Center tapped full-wave rectifier.
Half-wave rectifier:
A half wave rectifier is a type of rectifier that allows only one half-cycle of an AC power
waveform to pass through while blocking the other half. Half-wave rectifiers are used to convert
AC electricity to DC voltage and are made up of only one diode. The circuit diagram of half wave
rectifier without capacitor is shown in the following figure-1:

Figure:1

From the figure we can observe that the anode of the diode is positive compared to the cathode
during the positive half cycle of the input voltage. Current passes through the diode, and a positive
cycle develops across the load resistance RL. The anode is negative with respect to the cathode
during the negative half cycle of the input voltage, and the diode is in reverse bias. Because no
current flows through the diode, the output voltage is 0V.
Full-wave rectifier:
A full wave rectifier converts both halves of each cycle of an alternating wave (AC signal) into
a pulsing DC signal. The technique of converting an AC signal to a DC signal is known as full
wave rectification. The circuit of the rectifier is shown in the following figure 2 & 3.
 Figure: 2

Figure: 3

Four diodes form a bridge in this circuit. The bridge's diagonally opposed ends receive the ac
input voltage. The load resistance of the bridge is connected to the other two ends. Diodes D1 and
D2 conduct throughout the positive half cycle of the input ac voltage, whereas diodes D3 and D4
do not. The load current will flow via RL because the conducting diodes are connected in series
with the load resistance. Diodes D3 and D4 conduct throughout the negative half cycle of the input
ac voltage, whilst D1 and D2 remain OFF. Because the conducting diodes D3 and D4 are in series
with the load resistance RL, current flows in the same direction as in the previous half cycle
through RL. As a result, a bidirectional wave transforms into a unidirectional wave.

Center tapped full-wave rectifier:

A full wave rectifier with two diodes connected to the secondary of a center tapped transformer
is known as a center tapped rectifier.

Figure: 4

The polarities of the secondary voltages are illustrated in figure for a positive half cycle of the
input voltage. This circumstance biases diode D1 forward and diode D2 backward. D1 and the
load resistor RL are the current paths. The voltage polarities on the secondary are displayed for a
negative half cycle of the input voltage. This circumstance causes D1 to be reversed and D2 to be
forward. The present route involves D2 and RL. Because the output current through the load is in
the same direction for both the positive and negative portions of the input cycle, the output voltage
created across the load resistor is a full wave rectified dc voltage.
Simulation Model:

Fig 01: Showing output for circuit 1 (Half wave rectifier) with 0 capacitance

Fig 02: Showing output for circuit 1 (Half wave rectifier) with 47 uF capacitance
Fig 03: Showing output for circuit 1 (Half wave rectifier) with 100 uF capacitance

Fig 04: Showing output for circuit 2 (Full wave bridge rectifier) with 0 capacitance
Fig 05: Showing output for circuit 2 (Full wave bridge rectifier) with 47 uF capacitance

Fig 06: Showing output for circuit 2 (Full wave bridge rectifier) with 100 uF capacitance
 Fig 07: Showing output for circuit 3 (Full wave center tapped rectifier)

Result analysis:
Table 1: Data Table for Circuit 1
V0 (Oscilloscope) V0 (Multimeter)
No Capacitance 24 V 3.65 V
47μF 24 V 9.954 V
100μF 24 V 10.776 V

Table 2: Data Table for Circuit 2

V0 (Oscilloscope) V0 (Multimeter)
No Capacitance 24 V 6.698 V
47μF 24 V 10.274 V
100μF 24 V 10.588 V

Table 3: Data Table for Circuit 3

V0 (Oscilloscope) V0 (Multimeter)
No Capacitance 24 V 3.381 V
47μF No Capacitor Used Here No Capacitor Used Here
100μF No Capacitor Used Here No Capacitor Used Here
Conclusion:
In this experiment, we have observed 3 types of rectifiers. At first, we have designed the half
wave rectifier circuit without the capacitor according to the manual. Then attach the oscilloscope
to the input and output voltages to study the wave forms and using the oscilloscope, determine the
peak DC voltage. After that measure the output voltage by using a multimeter, and compare it to
the oscilloscope reading. Then we connect a 47μF capacitor across the load while turning off the
power supply and observe the output voltage and measure with the oscilloscope. Again, we
measured the output voltage by a multimeter and compare it with that obtained from the
oscilloscope. All these processes also done by full wave rectifier as well as center trapped full-
wave rectifier.