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WLAN 802.11ad Physical Layer - WLAN 11ad PHY Layer
WLAN 802.11ad Physical Layer - WLAN 11ad PHY Layer
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11ad PHY Layer
11ad conformance tests
11ac conformance
11n vs 11ac vs 11ad
This page of WLAN 802.11ad tutorial covers WLAN 802.11ad physical layer.
It
covers different 802.11ad physical layer configurations such as control PHY, single
carrier PHY,
OFDM PHY and low power single carrier PHY.
All the physical layer versions have different contents in their respective packet
structures.
All the packet structures contain preamble, header and payload and
TRN fields in common.
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ANALOG DEVICES
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Solve Precision Data
Preamble is constructed using Golay Sequences. Each sequence consists of Acquisition Subsystem
bipolar symbols(+1 or -1).
These different preamble types carry basic building Challenges. Get PDF.
blocks as golay sequences e.g.
Ga128 and Gb128.
Preamble is followed by header field. This header contents are different for OFDM,
SC and control PHY.
Header carry MCS, length of data payload or a checksum.
They carry many informations, most important among them is
MCS(Modulation-
coding scheme). This MCS convey information of modulation and coding scheme
used for the payload .
This will help receiver decode the payload carried in the
respective packet/frame.
For more information on header refer WLAN-11ad
Visit Site
tutorial .
DECT |
ISDN |
ATM |
WBAN |
TransferJet |
BLE |
Femtocell |
HSPA |
Figure-1 mentions OFDM PHY packet structure, as shown in the figure, header is BACnet |
Ethernet |
always QPSK modulated.
As the modulation-code rate of header is known at the TETRA |
Underwater
receiver, it is decoded first after front end synchronization is performed on the wireless |
5G |
LiFi |
received packet using
known preamble sequence and received one.
Based on the LoRa |
NFC |
Infrared |
decoded MCS from header, 802.11ad physical layer receiver modules for
OFDM RF measurements |
variant is tuned and payload is decoded consecutively.
Refer physical layer VSAT |
Diode |
SS7 |
transmitter modules and receiver modules as described below.
Networking |
Network
Security |
FTTH |
KNX |
WLAN 802.11ad OFDM Physical Layer
WAP |
Mobile IP
Transmitter
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The binary information from MAC layer is passed to the scrambler with following
polynomial.
This module removes long string of ones and zeros if present in the
input data.
This will help meet adjacent channel rejection specification of the 11ad
compliant device.
This will help more transitions from 1 to 0 and 0 to 1 and
hence
will easy in time synchronization at the receiver.
Scrambler is used at the transmit side and descrambler is used at the receiver
side.
Refer scrambler and descrambler circuit with matlab code .
LDPC Encoder:
LDPC stands for Low-Density Parity Check. It is forward error correction coding
technique.
This coding technique is common to the different PHY versions e.g.
Control PHY, SC PHY and OFDM PHY.
It is based on a common codeword length
of 672 bits each carrying either 336, 504, 420 or 546 payload bits to
achieve
different code rates 1/2, 3/4, 5/8 or 13/16 respectively. The same has been
mentioned in the following table-1.
3X repetition:
Carrier Mapping/Modulation:
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Symbol Formation:
IFFT:
The 512-point IFFT is performed. IFFT converts frequency domain data symbols to
time domain data symbols.
Refer 16 point IFFT implementation in MATLAB for
more.
Packet Formation:
In this modules 11ad packet is constructed as shown in the 11ad OFDM packet
structure shown previously.
802.11ad OFDM packet consists of preamble, header
and payload.
Windowing:
The windowing function will smoothen the transition between adjacent fields in the
packet structure.
This is not applied to SC modulated packet fields as well as to
preamble part.
Following is one of the transfer function used for windowing
function.
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RF Upconversion:
How Active & Passive Cell Balancing Allow a Safe & Efficient
Battery Management. Get PDF.
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Control PHY Preamble: consists of STF and CEF as per following fields.
= 50 *128=6400 Tc in length
Where in,
Gu512={-Gb128,-Ga128,+Gb128,-Ga128}
Gv512={-Gb128,+Ga128,-Gb128,-Ga128}
Packet type-1 bit, mentions beamforming training field is for transmitter or receiver
Training length-5 bits, specifies beamforming training field is used or not and what
is the length.
Turnaround-1bit,
Reserved-2 bits,
HCS-16 bits
Scrambler:
LDPC Encoder:
It is same as described above in the OFDM PHY. It uses Shortened 3/4 LDPC is
used resulting into 1/2 or less code rates.
It uses 672 its of codeword length.
Differential Encoder:
Modulation:
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32x Spreading:
This module does 32 times spreading with Ga32 and π/2 rotation.
Spectrum Shaping:
Up conversion:
Packet formation:
RF Upconversion:
Fig:4 SC PHY Tx
This 11ad physical layer mode takes care of data rates ranging from 385 Mbps to
4.620 Mbps which depends on MCS.
The basic packet structure is same in SC and
low power SC PHY versions, but 16QAM is not employed in low power SC
mode to
save the energy usage.
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SC PHY preamble: Preamble is composed of STF and CEF with following details:
SC header= {
{7 bits(scrambler init.),
5 bits(MCS),
18 bits(data Length),
1 bit(add.PPDU),
1 bit(packet type),
5 bits(training length),
1 bit(aggregation),
1 bit(turnaround),
4 bits(reserved),
16 bits(HCS)
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Packet Formation:
After the modulation packet is formed as per packet structure shown above.
After
which necessary up conversion is carried out based on RF frequency required.
RELATED LINKS
What is wlan?
WLAN standards-11a,11b,11g,11n,11ac
WLAN 802.11-ac
WLAN 802.11-ad
WLAN providers
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