The Consumer Research Process: MKT 481, Suman Saha 1

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Chapter 2

The consumer research process

MKT 481, Suman Saha 1


Two types of primary research

Qualitative research (Interpretivism)

• Understand consumer experience or practice by exploring new ideas

• Cannot be generalized to larger population

Quantitative research (Positivism)

• Predict consumer behavior by understanding the effects of


promotional inputs
• Descriptive/empirical
• Survey research
• Can be generalized to larger population

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The Consumer Research process

1. Developing research objectives:

The first and most difficult step.

A carefully thought-out statement (in writing) of research


objectives helps to insure that the information needed is
secured, and that costly errors are avoided.

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2. Collecting secondary data

Secondary data- is already existing information


that was originally gathered for a research
purpose other than the present research. Can
be collected from both internal and external
sources.

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3. Designing primary research

Qualitative research design

Depth interviews (one-on-one)

Focus group (Discussion group)

Projective technique (word associations, sentence completions,


photo for storytelling, role playing)

Metaphor analysis (sound, music, drawings or pictures)

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Quantitative research design

Observational research
Trained researchers or observers
Mechanical observation
Physiological observation

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Experiments
Causal research (independent, dependent variable)
Test marketing

Surveys
Mail, telephone, personal interview, online

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4. Collecting primary data
Quantitative research data collection instrument
Validity and reliability

Questionnaires: Open ended, close ended


Sequence
Wording
Opening question
Classification question

Attitude scale
Likert scale, semantic differential scale, behaviour intention scale, rank order
scale

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Sampling and data collection

• Sampling unit (Whom to survey)

• Sample size (How many to survey)

• Sampling procedure (How to select them)

Probability Sample & Nonprobability sample.

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5. Data analysis and reporting
research findings

A brief executive summary of the findings.

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