CALAUAG CENTRAL COLLEGE INC.

Rizal Cor. Arguelles Sts., Poblacion Cuatro

Calauag, Quezon 4318

Senior High School Department

School Year 2021-2022

TEACHING GUIDE
SUBJECT : Statistics and Probability

TEACHER : Tricia P. Ingente

QUARTER : Third Quarter

LESSON : Random Variable (Discrete and Continuous)

CONTENT STANDARD:
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of random variables and
probability distributions.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD:
The learner is able to apply an appropriate random variable for a given real-life problem
(such as in decision making and games of chance).

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
The learner…
 illustrates a random variable (discrete and continuous). M11/12SP-IIIa-1
 distinguishes between a discrete and a continuous random variable. M11/12SP-IIIa-2

SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of the lesson, the learners must be able to distinguishes between discrete and a
continuous random variable.

TIME ALLOTMENT: 60 minutes

LESSON OUTLINE:
During the lesson, the learners will:
1. Introduction / Motivation: Discovering differences (10 minutes)
2. Instruction / Delivery: Discussion of random variables (20 minutes)
3. Practice/Enrichment: Orally exercises (10 minutes)
4. Evaluation: Group work (20 minutes)

BOOK REFERENCES:
Chua, S. L., Dela Cruz, E. O., Aguilar, I. C., Rodriquez, A. A., & Puro, L. M. (2016). Soaring
21st century mathematics statistics and probability. 927 Quezon Avenue, QC: Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc.
Mercado, J. P., & Orines, F. B. (2016). Next century mathematics Grade 11 / Grade 12:
Statistics and Probability. 927 Quezon Avenue, QC: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
INTRODUCTION / MOTIVATION (10 minutes)

The teacher will show two different graphs; these two graphs are named mighty brothers.

Then, the teacher will select at least 3 students to ask about the differences they noticed
in the two graphs.

THE MIGHTY BROTHERS

DISCRETE CONTINUOUS

1. What do you notice in the first graph?

2. What do you notice in the second graph?
3. What comes into your mind while looking at the two graphs?

After the students have responded to the questions. The teacher will reveal what the two
graphs mean and how they differ from each other.

INSTRUCTION / DELIVERY (20 minutes)

The teacher will discuss the random variable and the difference between discrete and
continuous.

A random variable is a variable whose possible values are determined by chance. A

random variable is typically represented by an uppercase letter, usually X, while its
corresponding lowercase letter in this case, x, is used to represent one of its values.
Random variables can either be discrete or continuous.

A discrete random variable can only take a finite (countable) number of distinct values.
Distinct values mean values that are exact and can be represented by nonnegative whole
numbers.

The following are examples of discrete random variables:

Let X= number of students randomly selected to be interviewed by a researcher.
Let Y= number of left-handed teachers randomly selected in a faculty room.
Let Z= number of defective light bulbs among the randomly selected light bulbs.
 Let X= number of women randomly selected in a political rally.
A continuous random variable can assume an infinite number of values in an interval
between two specific values. This means they can assume values that can be represented not only
by nonnegative whole numbers but also by fractions and decimals. These values are often results
of measurement.

The following are examples of continuous random variables:

Let Y= the weights of randomly selected students in pounds.
Let X= the lengths of randomly selected shoes of senior students in centimeters.
Let Z= the hourly temperatures last Sunday.
Let Y= the heights of daisy plants in the backyard.

Note: The discrete random variable is countable, while the continuous random variable is
measurement.

Example 1. Determine if the random variable X or Y is discrete or continuous.

a. X= number of points scored in the last season by a randomly selected basketball player in
the PBA.
b. Y= the height of a randomly selected student inside the library in centimeter.
c. X= number of birds in a nest.
d. Y= the weights in kg of randomly selected dancers after taking up aerobics.

Answers:
a. Discrete Random Variable
b. Continuous Random Variable
c. Discrete Random Variable
d. Continuous Random Variable

PRACTICE / ENRICHMENT (10 minutes)

The teacher will give 5 statements about discrete and continuous variables one by one.
The 5 statements are the following:

1. X= the length of time spent in playing video games in minutes.

2. Y= the number of gifts received by a birthday celebrator.

3. Z= the heights of varsity players in your school in meters.

4. X= the weights in pounds of newly born babies in a hospital nursery.

5. Y= the number of books you borrowed in the library during your elementary years.

The students will then determine whether each of the statements is a discrete or continuous
variable by answering orally and explaining why.
EVALUATION (20 minutes)

The teacher will divide the class into 4 groups. On a blank piece of paper, they will be
asked to write down some random variables that they are familiar with, specifically about
themselves.

Discrete Random Variable Continuous Random Variable

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

After the students have finished answering the task. Each group will have at least one
representative to present their answer in front of the class.

ASSIGNMENT

I. Using a Venn diagram, compare and contrast the two random variables.

DISCRETE CONTINUOUS

Prepared by:

INGENTE, TRICIA P.
Student Teacher