Department of Electrical Engineering

Faculty of Engineering & Applied Sciences

Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Program: B.Sc. Electrical Engineering Semester: VIII

Subject: EEL-418 Power Distribution and Utilization Date: 23June2022

Experiment 8: To model and analyze Load Curve and Load Duration Curve.

OBJECTIVES:

 To model Load Curve using Matlab/Simulink environment and study its characteristics.
 To model Load Demand Curve using Matlab/Simulink environment and study its
characteristics.

Name: Baqir Hussain Roll No: 3113

Performance Lab Report

Description Total Marks Description Total Marks

Marks Obtained Marks Obtained
Ability to 5 Organization/ Structure 5
Conduct
Experiment
Design and 5 Data Presentation 5
Simulation

Total Marks obtained

Remarks (if any): ………………………………….

Name & Signature of faculty: …………………………………

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Name : Baqir Hussain
Sap ID: 3113
Sec : A

Lab:8
To model and analyze Load Curve and Load Duration Curve.

OBJECTIVES:
 To model Load Curve using Matlab/Simulink environment and study its characteristics.
 To model Load Demand Curve using Matlab/Simulink environment and study its
characteristics.

INTRODUCTION:
Load curve is the variation of load with time on a Power Station. As the load on a Power Station
never remain constant rather it varies time to time, these variations in load is plotted on half hourly
or hourly basis for the whole day. The curve thus obtained is known as Daily Load Curve.
Therefore, by having a look at the Load Curve, we can check the peak load on a Power Station and
its variation. From the figure below, it is quite clear that the peak load (6 MW) on a particular
Power Station is at 6 P.M.

The monthly load curve can be plotted using the daily load curve for a particular month. For this
purpose the average load for different time for the whole month is calculated and the value thus
obtained is plotted against time to get the Monthly Load Curve. Monthly Load Curve is used to fix
the rate of energy.
In the same manner Yearly Load Curve can be obtained using the 12 monthly load curves. The
Yearly Load Curve is used for calculation the Annual Load Factor.
Importance of Load Curve:
 From the daily load curve we can have insight of load at different time for a day.
 The area under the daily load curve gives the total units of electric energy generated.
         Units Generated / day = Area under the daily Load Curve in kW
 The peak point on the daily load curve gives the highest demand on the Power Station for
that day.
 The average load per day on the Power Station can be calculated using the daily load curve.
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  Average load = Area under the daily Load Curve (kWh)/ 24 hrs.
 Load curve helps in deciding the size and number of Generating Units.
 Load Factor = Avg. Load / maximum Load =  Avg. Load x24 / 24xmaximum Load
                   = Area under daily Load Curve/Area of Rectangle having Daily Load Curve
 Load curve helps in the preparing the operation schedule of the generating units.
Load Duration Curve:
Load Duration Curve is the plot of Load versus time duration for which that load was persisting.
Load Duration Curve is obtained from the Daily Load Curve as shown in figure below.

 
From the above Load Duration Curve, it is clear that 20 MW of Load is persisting for a period of 8
hours, 15 MW of Load for 4 hours and so on.
It is also quite clear that, the area under the load duration curve is equal to the daily load curve and
gives the number of units (kWh) generated for a given day. The load duration curve can be
extended for any period of time i.e. it can be drawn for a month or for year too.
Information Obtained from Load Curve
The following are the information obtained from load curves.
 Load curve determines the load variation during different hours of the day.
 It indicates the peak load which determines the maximum demand on the
power station.
 The area under the load curve gives the total energy generated in the period
under consideration.
 The area under the curve divided by the total numbers of hours gives the load.
 The ratio of the area under the load curve of the total area of the rectangle
in which it is contained gives the load factor.

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 

TASKS:

TASK No.1
Formulate load curve :

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RESULT:

TASK No.2
Formulate load duration curve :

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TASK No.3
In task 1 , we have implemented the load curve such as we can see during 2 sec the , demand was
17MW and as well as 12 MW. In next till 9 sec , we can see there is 12MW as well as 3MW.
And so on . It determines the load curve .Load curve gives us total energy generated, peak load
as well.
In task 2, we have implemented load duration curve which basically gives us loads in descending
order with respect to time . Such as in graph we can see first it was 23MW, then 20MW ,
15MW , 6MW.

DISCUSSION OF RESULTS:
Inshort , In task 1 , we have implemented the load curve such as we can see during 2 sec the ,
demand was 17MW and as well as 12 MW. In next till 9 sec , we can see there is 12MW as well
as 3MW. And so on . It determines the load curve .Load curve gives us total energy generated,
peak load as well.
In task 2, we have implemented load duration curve which basically gives us loads in descending
order with respect to time . Such as in graph we can see first it was 23MW, then 20MW ,
15MW , 6MW.

CONCLUSION:
Hence , we have modelled Load Curve using Matlab/Simulink environment and studied its
characteristics. We have also modelled Load Demand Curve using Matlab/Simulink
environment and studied its characteristics.