(1) a.

N: bed, mouse, flower, wisdom, suceed, speed

b. NP: [NP that old car], [NP a dog of mine], [NP some grapes to eat]

c. V,[ _ NP]: to write [NP that scientific blog], to bring [NP a backpack of mine]

d. P, [ _ NP]: about [NP the scientific blog], with [NP some grapes to eat]

(2) Phrases can contain:

that cute dog of mine

that new freezer of him

that big dictionary of her

just fresh air

high thermal conduction

accidentally stained wall

always bought an ice cream

sometimes painted a landscape

rarely read a poem

(3) a. X=N: teddy [NP that big teddy of hers ] *[NP big teddy of hers ]

b. X=A: small [AP much smarter than Andrew] *[AP much smarter than ]

c. X=V: post [VP to never post the comment] *[VP to never post ]

d. X=P: across [PP left across the border ] *[PP left across ]