NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Fluid Solid Systems IB

TCE 3205

Final Examination Paper

August/September 2021

This examination paper consists of 4 pages

Time Allowed: 3 hours
Total Marks: 100
Examiner's Name: Mr S. Ncube

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Answer any four questio:

2. Each question carries 25 marks
3. Use of calculators is permissible

MARK ALLOCATION

QUESTION

TOTAL ATTAINABLE

Page 1of4

Copyright: National University of Science and Technology, 2021

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QUESTION 1

a) Gas-solid separators vary widely in design, operation, effectiveness, space

requirements,
capital and maintenance costs. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages.
However,

the selection ofa dust collector should be based on five general factors. What are
those factors?

[5]

b) Electrostatic precipitators can be grouped according to a number of

distinguishing features in
their design. State any four of these features and clearly show the differences
between the types
that fall in each class.

[20]
QUESTION 2 nt
a) Generally, there are two primary types of cyclones. Clearly distinguish their
modes of
operation. [10]
9
b) Determine the diameter of a gas cyclone if the number of cyclones (and the
number of cyclones uo

it they to be operated in parallel) to be operated in parallel to treat 0.177 m?/s

of ambient air av\ C
(with a viscosity of 18.25 x 10° Ns/m? and a density of 1.2 kg/m’). The air is
laden with solids
with a density of 2500 kg/m’, at a pressure drop of 1650 Pa and a cut size of 0.8
jum (to within
0.01 um).The geometry to be used has Eu = 700 and Stkso= 6.5 x 10°). [15]

ye a
QUESTION 3 0
a) State any five factors to be considered when selecting equipment and operation
for any

filtration process. [5]

>

b) A rotary drum ue that has diameter of 1.2m and 1.2 m long handles 6.0 kg/s of
slurry
a 1a
containing 10 Kren rotated at 0.005 Hz. By increasing the speed to 0.008 Hz it is
found

that it can handle a flow rate of 7.2 kg/s. What will be the percentage ch

a
ange in the amount
wash water which it may be applied to each kilogram of cake caused by the increased
speed

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TCE 3205 Fluid-Solid Systems IB \ 2 yy
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of rotation of the drum? Also what is the theoretical maximum of slurry which can
be

handled? [20]
QUESTION 4

a) What are the benefits of centrifugal separations over gravitational separations?

[4] .

b) Discuss any five parameters affecting the overall performance of a wet scrubber
for use in

gas-solid separations. [10]

c) With theaid of diagrams describe the following mechanisms of particle capture in

filtration

i) Sieving [2]

ii) Inertial impaction’ [3]

iii) Diffusion [3]

iv) Direct interception [3]

QUESTION 5

a) The thickener has a two-fold function, which therefore leads to two distinct
requirements
in the design. State the two functions and explain how they are achieved in
thickener

operation. [5]

b) For the sedimentation of suspension of uniform fine particles in a liquid, the

relation
between observed sedimentation velocity U, and fractional volumetric concentration
C is

given by:

Uc 4.6
uy [1-C]

Where: U, = free falling velocity of an individual particle

i) Calculate the concentration at which the rate of deposition per unit area is a
maximum.

[10]
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TCE 3205 Fluid-Solid Systems IB

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ii) Determine the maximum flux for 0.1 mm glass spheres of density 2600 kg/m’
settling

in water of density 1000 kg/m? and a viscosity of 1 x 10° Ns/m?. It may be assumed

that the resistance force for an isolated sphere is given by Stokes’s Law. [10]
a
EurPe = =
a -
AP vo
Va

TCE 3205 Fluid-Solid Systems IB

Eu xX C4

Page 4 of 4

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