prqFkZ v/;k;

psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esa

f}rh; v/;k; esa Kkuhth vFkkZr dchj lkgc ds lr~lqÑr] equhUnz
d#.kke; rFkk dchj bu pkj uke :iksa dk dFku fd;k x;kA bl v/;k; esa
lr;qx] =srk] }kij rFkk dfy;qx bu pkjksa ;qxksa esa muds fofo/k :iksa esa tho
dY;k.kkFkZ fd;s x;s ijksidkjksa dk fofo/k jkspd o`ÙkkUrksa }kjk mYys[k fd;k tk jgk
gSA
dchj lkgc vius fiz; f'k"; /keZnkl ls i`fFkoh ij vorfjr gksus dk o`ÙkkUr
bl izdkj crkrs gSa &
/keZnkl lqu lr;qx HkkÅA ftu thou dks uke lqukÅAA
lr;qx lÙklqÑr eeukÅ¡A vkKk iq#"k tho psrkÅ¡AA1
¼d½ lr;qx esa fut psruk
lr;qx esa fut psruk( Kkuh th ¼dchj½ ds izFke Lo:i lÙklqÑr :i esa
/kjk ij vorfjr gqbZA f'k"; /keZnkl ds }kjk ;g ftKklk dh xbZ fd lr;qx esa
mUgksua s fdrus thoksa dk m)kj fd;kA
/kU;Hkkx ge rqe dg¡ ik;hA eksg¡ v/ke dg¡ yhUg txk;hAA
vc og dFkk dgksa leq>k;hA lr;qx dkSu tho eqdrkbZAA2
lÙklqÑr th us lÙkiq#"k dh vkKkuqlkj ukenku djuk vkjEHk dj fn;k
rFkk /kks?a ky jktk vkSj o`)k [kseljh lfgr ek= ckjg yksxksa dks uke&nku fd;kA
mUgksua s thoksa dks cgqr psrk;k fdUrq fdlh us mudh vksj /;ku ugha fn;k tks tho
muds dFkkuqlkj pys mu ckjg thoksa dks mUgksua s ukenku nsdj] mudh 'kCn psruk
dks txkdj mUgsa lryksd igq¡pk fn;kA
gal }kn'k cksf/k lrxq#] x;m lq[k lkxj djhA
lriq#"k pj.k ljkst ijlsm] fogflds vade HkjhAA3
tks thou ij cks/;ks vkbZA fru dg¡ nhUgk yksd iBkbZAA4
vuqjkx lkxj dh ¼ikn fVIi.kh ds vuqlkj½ fdlh izfr esa }kn'k ds LFkku
ij =;ksn'k fy[kk gS vkSj fdlh&fdlh esa }kn'k] =;ksn'k dqN u fy[kdj fnun'k
ckaf/k fy[kk gSA
109 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

dky fujatu dks fn;s x;s opukuqlkj mUgksua s cykr~ fdlh tho dks bl
vksj ugha [khapkA lr;qx esa loZizFke mUgksua s ?kksa/ky ckn'kkg dks ÑrkFkZ fd;kA
?kks/a ky o`ÙkkUr
lr;qx esa ?kksa/ky uked ,d jktk FkkA loZizFke lr~lqÑr th mlh ds ikl
x;s rFkk mldks psru lr~&'kCn ds Hksn dk lRlax lquk;k vkSj og izHkkfor gksdj
uke ysus ds fy, rS;kj gks x;kA lr~lqÑr th us mls ijekRek ls feyus dk jgL;
le>k;k &
u`i ?kks/a ky ikg¡ eSa pfy vkbZA lR; 'kCn lks rkfg lqukbZAA
lR; 'kCn fru gejks ekukA fru dg nhUg iku ijekukAA5
jktk ?kks/a ky lar&egkRekvksa dk cgqr lEeku djrk Fkk vr% og lTtuksa dk
vR;Ur fiz; Fkk fdUrq fdlh lar&egkRek us mls ek;k&dky dh ifjf/k ls jfgr
psru iq#"k ds rFkk psru yksdksa ds ckjs esa ugha crk;k FkkA lr~lqÑr th ds }kjk
tc u`i ?kks/a ky dks ukenku dj ije psru rÙo ds fo"k; esa crk;k x;k rks og
n`<+ fo'okl ds lkFk 'kCn vH;kl esa layXu gks x;sA ?kks/a ky us muds pj.kksa ij
ekFkk Vsd dj pj.kke`r dk iku fd;kA uke&nku ds lkFk gh ?kksa/ky dks ijekRek
ds n'kZu gks x;s vkSj os fur psru jgrs] vFkkZr psru iq#"k esa yhu jgus yxs &
jk; ?kks/a ky lar lTtu] 'kCn ee n`<+ ds xg~;ksAA
lkj lhr izlkn yhUgkS] pj.k ijlr ty yg~;ksAA
izes ls xnxn lc Hk;ks] rtsm Hkze foHkk; gksAA6
[kseljh o`ÙkkUr
jktk ?kks/a ky dks ukenku djds lr~lqÑr ¼dchj lkgc½ lh/ks eFkqjk uxjh
igq¡ps tgk¡ [kseljh uked ,d o`)k ukjh muds ikl igq¡phA
?kks/a ky 'kCn fprk,] rc vk;m eFkqjk uxj AA
[kselfj vk;ks /kk;] ukfj o`) xks ckfylksAa A7
[kseljh lrlqÑr th ds vkxeu ls gf"kZr gksdj iwNus yxh fd vki dgk¡
ls i/kkjs gSa rFkk vkids ;gk¡ vkus dk mís'; D;k gSA [kseljh us mUgsa iqjk.k iq#"k
vuqHko fd;kA lr~ lqÑr th us [kseljh dks ogh 'kCnksins'k fd;k tks jktk ?kksa/ky
dks fd;k rFkk n;ky psruk ,oa dky psruk dk i`Fkd~&i`Fkd~ Kku djk;kA blls
[kseljh ds eu ls txr~&tatky ds lkjs Hkze nwj gks x;sA mlds eu esa ije iq#"k
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 110

ds n'kZu ds fy, f[kapko gqvk rc lr~lqÑr th us mldh lqjr ¼:g ;k thokRek½

dks lryksd ds n'kZu djk;sA blls mlds eu esa fo'okl mRiUu gqvkA mldk
'kjhj rks eR;Zyksd esa Fkk fdUrq mldh vkRek iyHkj ds fy, ijekRek ds n'kZu dj
eXu gks xbZA iqu% tc mldh vkRek dks nsg esa okil yk;s rks mldks ije psruk
ls ukrk VwVus ls d"V ,oa iNrkok gksus yxkA vr% og lr~lqÑr th ls iqu% mlh
psru lryksd esa tkus dh fourh djus yxhA
dgs [kseljh iq#"k iqjkukA dgok¡rs rqe dhUg i;kukA
rklks dfgm 'kCn mins'kkA iq#"k Hkko v# ;e dks Hks"kkAA
lquk [kselfj mit HkkÅA tc phUgk lc ;e dk nkÅAA
iS /kks[kk bd rkfg jgkbZA nsf[k yksd rc eu ifr;kbZAA
jk[ksm nsg gal yS /kkokA iy bd ekfg yksd igq¡pkokAA
yksd fn[kk, gal yS vk;ksA nsg ik; [kseljh iNrk;ksAA
gs lkgsc yS pyq ofg ns'kkA ;gk¡ cgqr gS dky Dys'kkAA8
[kseljh ij n;k djrs gq, lr~lqÑr th dgus yxs fd tc rd Vhdk iwjk
¼deZ&pØ iw.kZ gksuk½ ugha gksrk rc rd rqe uke dk tki djrh jgksA rqeus gekjk
yksd rks ns[k gh gh fy;k gS] vc rqe vU; thoksa dks Hkh bldk mins'k dj ldrh
gksA ,d Hkh vU; O;fDr dks ;fn vki lRlax esa ykosaxs rks lRiq#"k ds vR;Ur fiz;
gks tk;sx
a As ;g mlh izdkj Js"B dk;Z gS tSls ,d xk; tks flag ds eq¡g esa tk jgh
gks vkSj dksbZ cgknqj O;fDr mls flag ds eq¡g ls cpk ysA dky izkf.k;ksa dks viuk
xzkl cuk jgk gSA tks tho mls lRlax esa ykrk gS og mlds dky&tky ls cpkus
dk mÙke dk;Z djrk gSA ,slk O;fDr lHkh dh iz'kalk dk ik= gksrk gSA dksbZ
lRlaxh tc ,d tho dks lRlax ds fy, izsfjr djrk gqvk mldh HkfDr dks n`<+
djus esa lk/ku curk gS rks og djksM+ks xks nku ds iq.; dks izkIr djrk gSA
tcyksa Vhdk iwjs u HkkbZA rc yx jgks uke ykS ykbZAA
rqe rks ns[kk yksd gekjkA thou dks mins'kgq lkjkAA
,dgq tho 'kj.kkxr vkosA lks tho lR;iq#"k dks HkkosAA
tSls xÅ ck?k eq[k tkbZA lks dfiyfg dksb vk; NqM+k;hAA
rk uj dks lc lq;'k c[kkusA xÅ NqM+k; ck?krs vkusAA
tl dfiyk dg¡ dsgfj =klkA ,sls dky tho dg¡ xzklkAA
111 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

,d tho tks HkfDr n`<+koSA dksfVd xÅ iq.; lks ikoSAA9

;g lqudj [kseljh lr~lqÑr th ds pj.kksa esa fxj iM+h vkSj Lo;a dks
;enwrksa ls nwj jgus rFkk fpÙk dh efyurk dks nwj dj vUr% izdk'k gsrq izkFkZuk
djus yxhA iqu% lr~lqÑr th n;k dj dgrs gSa fd ;g ns'k ;e vFkok dky dk
ns'k gS vr% fcuk lrxq# rFkk uke&tki ds lkalkfjd dky&Dys'k ugha feV
ldrsA tc ge uke ;k mins'k ikdj vdky iq#"k dh Mksjh ls c¡/k tkrs gSa rks
;ejkt ml tho ds fy, frudk rksM+ nsrk gS vFkkZr~ uke ¼mins'k½ izkIr tho ls
;ejkt viuk ukrk rksM+ nsrk gSA bl izdkj iq#"k :i chjk ¼chjk ls ;gk¡ dchj dh
vksj Hkh ladsr gS½ vFkkZr ije 'kfDr'kkyh ;k ijepsru iq#"k ds uke ¼mins'k½ dks
izkIr dj ysa rks fQj iqu% lalkj esa vkokxeu dk pØ ugha jgrkA
[ksolfj ijS pj.k ij vk;hA gs lkfgc eksfg ysgq cpkbZAA
eks ij n;k djgq izdk'kkA vc u ijkSa dky ds Qk¡lkAA
lqu [kselfj ;g ;e dks ns'kkA fcuk uke ufg feVs v¡ns'kkAA
iku izoku iq#"k dh MksjhA ysfg tho ;e frudk rksjhAA
iq#"k uke chjk tks ikosA fQjds Hkolkxj ufga vkosAA10
[kseljh lr~lqÑr th ls u dsoy Lo;a ds fy, vfirq viuh lUrfr ds
fy, Hkh ukenku gsrq ;kpuk djus yxh ftlls fd mudh Hkh eqfDr dk jkLrk Li"V
gks ldsA og vU; thoksa dks Hkh ukenku ds fy, izfs jr djus yxhA [kseljh ls
izjs .kk izkIr dj mldh lUrfr ,oa vU; uj&ukjh uezrkiwoZd ukenku gsrq py
fn;sA
eksjs x`g vc /kkfj; ikÅA eqfDr lUns'k thou le>kÅAA11
[kseljh lc dfg le>kk;hA tUe lqQy d#js lc HkkbZAA
thou eqfDr pkgq tks HkkbZA lrxq# 'kCn dgks lks vkbZAA
;e lks ;sfg NqM+kou gkjsA fu'p; ekuks dgk gekjsAA
lc thou ijrhr n`<+kokA [kseljh lax lc fto vkokAA
vk; x;s lc pj.k gekjkA lkfgc eksj djks ful~rkjkAA
tk rs ;e ufga eksfg lrk;sA tUe&tUe nq%[k nqlg ulk;sAA
vfr v/khu ns[ksm uj ukjhA rklksa ge vl opu mpkjhAA12
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 112

blds ckn lr~lqÑr th us vkjrh dk lkeku e¡xk;kA igys [kseljh dk

rFkk ckn esa 'ks"k vU; lHkh dks ukenku fd;k ¼vkjrh dh foLr`r fof/k vkjrh esa nh
tk;sxh½
bl izdkj jktk ?kks/a ky rFkk [kseljh lfgr ckjg yksxksa dks lr~lqÑr th us
ukenku ¼mins'k½ fd;kA
gal }kn'k cks/k lrxq#] x;,m lq[k lkxjk djhA
lrxq# pj.k ljkst ijlsm] fogaflds vade HkjhAA13
ftu thoksa dh psruk tx xbZ vkSj ftUgksua s lr~Lo:i ds n'kZu dj fy,]
pkgs os dsoy la[;k eas ckjg gh Fks mUgsa lr~lqÑr th us gal xfr iznku dj
lryksd igq¡pk fn;kA
tks thou ijcks/;ks tkbZA frudg¡ nhUgks yksd iBkbZAA14
¼[k½ =srk;qx esa fut psruk
lr;qx esa ¼eR;Zyksd es½a le;kuqlkj vk;q iw.kZ dj lr~lqÑr th iqu%
lryksd tkdj izHkq ds pj.kksa esa yhu gks x;s vkSj iqu% ije iq#"k us mUgsa vkKk
nhA mudh vkKk ls iqu% os thoksa ds d"Vksa dks nwj djus ds fy, eR;Zyksd esa vk
x;sA =srk;qx esa lar dchj dk uke equhUnz FkkA
lr;qx x;ks =srk;qx vkokA uke equhUnz tho leq>kokAA15
rFkk
=srk;qx tc gh ixq /kkjkA e`R;qyksd dhUgksa iSlkjkAA16
equhUnz ds :i esa tc bUgksua s uke ¼misn'k½ nsuk izkjEHk fd;k rc ;ejkt
dks cgqr d"V gqvk vkSj og dgus yxk fd ;s equhUnz th thoksa dks Hkolkxj ls
eqDr djds( iq#"k ds psru ns'k esa igq¡pkdj esjs lalkj dks gh mtkM+ jgs gSa &
bu Hkolkxj eksj mtkjkA fto yS tkfg iq#"k njckjkAA
dSrks Nycy djs mikbZA Kkfu Mj frfg ukfga BjkbZAA
iq#"k izrki Kkfu ds iklkA rkrs eksb u ykxs QkalkAA
burs dky dqN ikoS ukghA uke izrki gal ?kj tkbZA17
=srk;qx esa equhUnz ¼dchj lkgc th½ vusd thoksa dks dky&tky vFkkZr
Hko&cU/ku ls eqfDr rFkk ijekRek ds feyus dk <ax crkus yxs fdUrq lHkh tho
bl izdkj dky&tky esa Q¡ls gq, Fks fd dksbZ Hkh mudh ckr dks lquus dks rS;kj
113 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

ugha FkkA dksbZ fo".kq dh rks dksbZ f'ko dh iwtk dj jgk FkkA dksbZ tho dj Hkh D;k
ldrk gS] os rks [kle vFkkZr~ ijekRek dks NksM+dj ;enwrksa ds o'korhZ gSaA equhUnz
th dh bPNk gksrh Fkh fd os lHkh thoksa dks vukeh ns'k rd ys pysa fdUrq dky
dks fn;s x;s opu ¼ok;ns½ ds vuqlkj os fdlh ls gB ugha dj ldrs Fks vr%
mUgksua s /khjs&/khjs ukenku nsuk vkjEHk fd;kA18
pkjksas vksj ?kweus ds ckn equhUnz th jko.k dh uxjh yadk esa igq¡ps tgk¡
mudks fofp= uked ,d O;fDr feykA fofp= us muls izes iwoZd fu%'kad gksdj
iwNk] rc mUgksua s mls ;g Kku nsuk vkjEHk fd;k &
pgq¡ fn'k fQfj v;sm¡ x<+ yadkA HkkV fofp= feY;ksfu%'kadkAA
frfu iqfu iwNsm eqfDr lan's kkA rk lksa dg~;ks Kku misn'kkAA19
fofp= dh ftKklk ,oa HkfDr ls izHkkfor gks n;kyq equhUnz th us fofp= dks
'kCn ¼'kCn psruk½ dk Hksn crk;kA fofp= dks 'kCn Jo.k gqvk ifj.kker% mlds
lHkh Hkze nwj gks x;s vkSj og pj.kksa esa 'kh'k >qdkdj ukenku gsrq izkFkZuk djus
yxkA
lqfu fofp= rcfg Hkze HkkxkA vfr v/khu gS~o pj.ku ykxkAA
dgs 'kj.k eqfg nhtSa LokehA rqe lc iq#"k llq[k /kkehAA
dhtS eksfg ÑrkjFk vktwA eksjs ftodj dhtS dktwAA20
equhUnz th us n;kdj ml fofp= dks ukenku gsrq vkjrh dh lkjh ogh fof/k
fy[koknh tks [kseljh dks fy[kkbZ Fkh rFkk ukenku ds lkFk lqfeju] /;ku vkfn dk
Kku djk;k&

vkusgq Hkko lfgr lc lktkA vkjfr dhUg 'kCn /kqu xktkAA

r`.k rksjk ohjk frfg nhUgkA rkds x`g esa dkgq u phUgkAA
lqfej.k /;ku rkfglksa Hkk[kkA iwj.k Mksfj xks; ufga jk[kkAA21
eUnksnjh o`ÙkkUr
fofp= dh iRuh mlh le; jko.k ds egy esa mldh jkuh eUnksnjh ds ikl
igq¡ph vkSj jkuh ls equhUnz th ds ckjs esa crk;k fd muds ?kj ,d ;ksxh vk;s Fks
ftudh efgek] rst ,oa fnO; Lo:i dk o.kZu ugha fd;k tk ldrkA os egkRek
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 114

'osrdyk ;k fnO; 'osr rst lEiUu FksA muds vikj&mÙke rst dk dFku ugha
fd;k tk ldrk &
fofp= ofurk x;h u`i f<x] tk;h jkuh lks dghAA
bd ;ksxh lqUnj gS egkeqfu] rklq efgek dk dghAA
'osr dyk vikj mÙke] vkSj ufg vl ns[ksm¡AA
ifr gekjs 'kj.k xfg frfg] tUe 'kqHk dfjr ys[ksšAA22
jkuh muds ekgkRE; ls izHkkfor gks muds n'kZu ds fy, O;kdqy gksus yxh
vkSj viuh lsfodk ¼o`[kyh½ dks lkFk ysdj ,d Fkky esa lksuk] ghjs&tokgjkr vkfn
Hkjdj equhUnz th ds n'kZukssa ds fy, mlds lkFk py iM+hA eUnksnjh us HkfDriwoZd
equhUnz th ds pj.kksa esa ueu fd;k rc equhUnz th us mUgsa vk'khokZn fn;kA vfHkHkwr
gksdj eUnksnjh dgus yxh fd ;g fnu esjs fy, vR;Ur 'kqHk fnu gSA eSaus ,slk
riLoh dHkh ugha ns[kk ftldk 'osr o.kZ gks vkSj ftldk lc dqN 'osr gh gks A
vkt eSa /kU; gks xbZ fd vki tSls fnO; psruk lEiUu lUr us eq>s n'kZu fn;k gSA
esjk fpÙk vki ds pj.kksa esa yx x;k gS &
pj.k Vsfdds uk;ks 'kh'kkA rc equhUnz iqfu nhUg v'kh'kkAA
dgs e¡nksnfj 'kqHk fnu eksjhA fourh djksa nksm dj tksjhAA
,slk rilh dcgq u ns[kkA 'osr vax lc 'osrfg Hks[kkAA
fto dkjt ee gks ftfg HkkarhA lks eksfg dgks rtks dqy tkrhAA
gs lejFk eksfg djgq lukFkkA Hko cwM+r xfg jk[kks gkFkkAA
vc vfr fiz; eksfg rqe ykxsA rqe n;ky ldy Hkze HkkxsAA23
eUnksnjh equhUnz th ls izkFkZuk djus yxh fd gs leFkZ lUr ! dqytkfr dk
/;ku u djrs gq,] ftl izdkj lEHko gks] bl thokRek dks ÑrkFkZ dfj;sA
rc equhUnz th us dgk fd gs jko.k dh fiz; o/kw lquksA lruke ds izrki ls
;e ds QUns dV tkrs gSaA tks ml uke ¼'kCn½ dk Jo.k dj ysrk gS og vkokxeu
ds pØ ls jfgr gks tkrk gSA
lqugq o/kw fiz; jko.k dsjhA uke izrki dVs ;e csjhAA
Kku n`f"Vlksa ij[kgq HkkbZA [kjk [kksV rksfg nsš fpUgkbZAA
iq#"k veku vtj efulkjkA lks rks rhu yksdrs U;kjkAA
rsfg lkfgc dg¡ lqfejs dksbZA vkokxeu jfgr lks gksbZAA24
115 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

dchj lkgc /keZnkl ls =srk;qx dh bl ?kVuk dk o.kZu djrs gq, dgrs gSa
fd eanksnjh us tc 'kCn&Jo.k fd;k rks mlds lkjs Hkze nwj gks x;sA mlus izes
vkSj ifo= eu ls ml 'kCn dks xzg.k fd;kA og ukenku ds fy;s gB djus yxhA
og ,slh xn~xn~ gqbZ tSls dksbZ nfjnz ¼jad½ /ku izkIr dj xn~xn~ gks tkrk gSA jkuh
euqhUnz th ds pj.kksa esa ureLrd gks xbZA mlds ckn equhUnz th us egy esa izos'k
fd;k &
lqurfg 'kCn rklq Hkze HkkxkA xg~;ks 'kCn 'kqfpeu vuqjkxkAA
gs lkfgc eksfg yhtS 'kj.kkA esVgq eksj tUe v# ej.kkAA
nhUgksa rkfg iku ijokukA iq#"k Mksj lksIa ;ks lfgnkukAA
xnxn HkbZ ik; ?kj MksjhA fefy jadfg ftfe nzO; djksjhAA
jkuh Vsdsm pj.k gekjkA rks ikNs egyu ixq/kkjkAA25
jkuh ds }kjk izkFkZuk fd;s tkus ij equhUnz th us jko.k ds egy dh vksj
izLFkku fd;kA mUgksua s }kjiky ls dgk fd rqe jktk jko.k dks ;gk¡ ys vkvksA
}kjiky us mÙkj fn;k fd og jko.k rks egk izp.M LoHkko ds gSaA eSa muls ;g
fourh djus esa leFkZ gw¡ D;kA os egkjkt jko.k rks Hkxoku~ f'ko ds vfrfjDr vkSj
fdlh 'kfDr esa fo'okl gh ugha djrsA mUgsa vius b"V dk cM+k vfHkeku gS vkSj os
Øks/kh LoHkko ds Hkh gSaA eSa ;fn muls ;gk¡ vkus dh izkFkZuk d#¡xk rks os eq>s iyHkj
esa gh ekj fxjk;sx
a As

rc eSa jko.k i¡g pfy vk;ksA }kjiky lksa opu lquk;ksAA

rklksa ,d ckr leq>kbZA jktk dg¡ rqe vko fyckbZAA
rc ikSfj;k fou; ;g ykbZA egk izp.M gS jko.k jkbZAA
f'ko cy ân; 'kadj ufga vkusA dkgw dsj cpu ufga ekusAA
egkxoZ v# Øks/k vikjkA dgksa tk; eksgs iy esa ekjkAA26
rc equhUnz ¼dchj th½ cksys & esjs dgus ls rqe jko.k ds egy esa tkvks] eSa
rqEgsa ;g vk'oklu nsrk gw¡ fd rqEgkjk fdlh Hkh izdkj dk vfgr u gksxkA gekjs
opuksa dks lR; ekudj rqe vUnj ;g lekpkj igq¡pkvks fd }kj ij ,d egkRek
vk;s gSaA rR{k.k }kjiky jko.k ds egy esa igq¡pk vkSj nksuksa gkFk tksM+dj izkFkZuk
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 116

djus yxk fd gs egkjkt ,d fl) iq#"k }kj ij i/kkjs gSa vkSj os vkils feyuk
pkgrs gSa &
ekugq opu tko ;sfg ckjkA jkse cad ufga gks, rqEgkjkAA
lR; cpu rqe gejks ekuksA jko.k tk, rqjr rqe vkuksAA
rr{k.k xk izfrgkj tuk;hA }S dj tksjs BkM+ jgkbZAA
fl) ,d rks ge i¡g vk;hA rs dgS jktfg yko cykbZAA27
;g lqudj jko.k cgqr Øksf/kr gksus yxk vkSj vgadkjo'k cksyk fd
f'ko&iq= Hkh esjk n'kZu ugha dj ldk vkSj ,d fHk{kqd ds dgus ij rw eq>s cqykus
vk x;k &
lqu u`i Øks/k dhUg rsfgckjkA rS efr ghu vkfg izfrgkjkAA
x x x x x
n'kZ eksj f'ko lqr ufga ikorAA eksdg¡ fHk{kqd dgk cqykorAA28
iqu% jko.k( mu egkRek ds Lo:i dks tkuus dh ftKklk ls }kjiky ls
dgus yxk fd mudk :i] jax vkfn dSlk gSA
gs izfrgkj lqugq ee ckuhA fl) :i dgks eksfg c[kkuhAA
o.kZu gS dkSu&dkSu rsg Hks"kkA eks lu n`f"V tl ;sfg ns[kkAA29
}kjiky cksyk gs egkjkt ! mu egkRek ds oL=] jax] eLrd lc dqN 'osr
gSa vkSj os eLrd ij fryd yxk;s gq, gSaA pUnzek ds leku mudk fnO; 'osr o.kZ
gS] oSls gh os 'osr oL=/kkjh gSa &
vgks jko.k rsfg 'osr :ikA 'osr fg ekFkk fryd vuwikAA
'kf'k leku gS :i fojktkA 'osr olu lc 'osr fg lktkAA30
¼izfrgkj & lsod gksus ds ukrs vgks jko.k dgdj lEcksf/kr ugha dj ldrk
vr% vuqjkx lkxj lRlax dsgj flag ds vuqlkj ;gk¡ gs jktk 'kCn dks"Bd esa fn;k
gSA½
eUnksnjh jktk ls vgadkj R;kx dj mu egkRek ls feyus ds fy;s izkFkZuk
djus yxh &
NksM+gq jktk eku cM+kbZA pj.k Vsfd tks 'kh'k uokbZAA31
;g luqdj jko.k Øksf/kr gksus yxk vkSj gkFk esa ryokj ysdj egkRek
equhUnz dk flj dkVus py fn;kA tgk¡ equhUnz th [kM+s Fks ogk¡ vkdj jko.k us mu
117 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

ij okj djus dks lÙkj ckj ryokj pykbZA equhUnz th ,d fruds dh vksV ls
cprs jgs vkSj jko.k ds lÙkj ryokj ds okj dk mu ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+kA
jko.k lqur Øks/k vfr dhUgkA tjrq gqrk'ku euq ?k`r nhUgkA
jko.k pyk 'kL= yS gkFkkA rqjr tk; frfg dkVkas ekFkkA
ekjksa rkfg&lhl [kfl ijbZA ns[kksa fHk{kqd eksj dk djbZAA
tg¡ equhUnz rg¡ jko.k jkbZA lÙkj okj vL= dj ykbZAA
yhUg equhUnz r`.k dj vksVkA vfr cy jko.k ekjS pksVkAA32
;g lc ns[kdj eUnksnjh jko.k ls ?ke.M NksM+( equhUnz th dh pj.k 'kj.k
esa vkus dh izkFkZuk djus yxh ftlls og vVy jkT; dk lq[k Hkksx lds &
dgs eanksnfj lqugq jktk] xoZ NksM+ks ykt gksAA
ikao Vsdgq iq#"k ds xfg] vVy gksoS jkt gksAA33
jko.k cksyk fd og rks f'koksikld gS vkSj mUgha dh pj.k&'kj.k esa gS D;ksfa d
mUgksua s gh mls vVy jkT; fn;k gsA
lsok djksa f'ko tk;] ftu eksgs jkTk vVy fn;ksA
rkdj Vsdksa ika; iy] n.Mor {k.k rkfg dksAA34
;g lqu dj equhUnz th cksys gs jko.k rw vfr ?ke.Mh gSA rw gekjk jgL;
ugha le>rkA =srk;qx esa tc jke vk;sx
a s rks os rq>s ekjsx
a sA rsjh ,slh nqxZfr gksxh
fd rsjk ek¡l 'oku Hkh ugha [kk;sx
a s vkSj mlds ckn os vo/k dks py fn;sA
lqu vl opu equhanz iqdkjhA rqe gks jko.k xoZ vgkjhAA
Hksn gekjk rqe ufga tkuhA opu ,d rksg dgksa fu'kkukAA
jkepUnz ekjsa rqafg vk;hA ekal rqEgkjk 'oku ufga [kk;hAA
jko.k dks dhUgksa viekukA vo/k uxj iqfu dhUg i;kukAA35
blds cnys ¼LFkku ij½ iqjkus xUFkksa esa ,slk fy[kk gS&
rhu tho ijeksf/k yadk] rc vo/k uxj fg vk;Å36
mi;qZä ls Li"V gS fd equhUnz th us yadk esa rhu thoksa dks ijeksf/k vFkkZr~
izcks/k fd;k vFkkZr~ uke nsdj mudks HkocU/ku ls eqDr djk;kA
e/kqdj o`ÙkkUr
equhUnz th jko.k dk vieku djds vo/k tk jgs Fks rHkh ekxZ esa mUgsa e/kqdj
uked nfjnz foiz feykA e/kqdj us 'kh'k uok;k vkSj cgqr nhurkiwoZd mUgsa vius
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 118

?kj ys x;kA mlus equhUnz th ls cgqr izes fd;k vr% mUgksua s mls fpjKku vFkkZr~
lqjr 'kCn dk Kku fn;k vkSj 'kCn Kku ds lkFk gh e/kqdj dks equhUnz th us
psru&lkxj ve`r ljksoj dk iku djk;k ftlls mldk 'kjhj ¼vkRek½ gal gks
x;kA mldh HkfDr ds o'khHkwr gks equhUnz th mlls iq#"k&lUns'k vFkkZr
vkRek&ijekRek fo"k;d Kku ¼'kCn dk mins'k½ vkfn dk dFku yxs ftlls e/kqdj
vR;Ur vkufUnr gqvkA ftl izdkj ikS/kk ty ds fcuk rius ;k lw[kus yxrk gS
rFkk tyflapu ls gjk Hkjk gks tkrk gS mlh izdkj e/kqdj dk ijekRek ls feyus
dks vkrqj ân; tks lw[k jgk Fkk] equhUnz th ds feyu vkSj mudh n;k o`f"V ls
vkg~ykfnr gksus yxkA
jko.k dks vieku djh] rc vo/k uxjfg vk;ÅAA
foiz e/kqdj feysm ekxZ] nj'k fru eu ik;ÅAA
x x x x x
jad foiz fFkj Kku] cgqr izes eks lksa fd;kAA
'kCn Kku lfgnku] lq/kklfjr fog¡lr onuAA
ftfHk vadqj riS fcu okjhAA iw.kZ mnd tks feys [kjkjhA
vEcq feyr vadqj lq[kekukA tSlsfg e/kqdj 'kCnfg tkukAA37
lriq#"k ds yhykoSfo/; dk Jo.k dj e/kqdj egk vkufUnr gqvk vkSj
equhUnz th ls lryksd ds n'kZu gsrq vkxzg djus yxkA rc equhUnz th dh n;k ls
mldh vkRek lryksd rd p<+ xbZA 'kjhj mldk uhps gh FkkA lryksd ds oSHko
ls og cgqr gf"kZr gqvk vkSj mldk fo'okl n`< gqvkA iqu% uhps vkus ij og muds
pj.kksa esa fxj x;k vkSj dgus yxk vkius eq>s ije vkRer`fIr djk nhA
iq#"k Hkko lqursfg gj"karkA eksdga yksd fn[kkogq larkAA
x x x x x
jk[;ks nsg gal yS /kk;sA vej yksd yS frfg igq¡ pk;sAA
'kksHkk yksd ns[k gj"kkukA rc e/kqdj dks eu ifr;kukAA
ij~;kspj.k e/kqdj vdqykbZA gs lkfgc vc r`"kk cq>kbZAA38
iqu% e/kqdj equhUnz th ls vius ifjokj ds vU; lksyg lnL;ksa ij n;k
djrs gq, mUgsa uke ¼mins'k½ nku gsrq izkFkZuk djus yxk&
119 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

e/kqdj ?kj "kksM'k fto jgbZA iq#"k lan's k lculksa dgbZAA

xggq pj.k lejFk ds tkbZA ;gh ysfga telksa eqDrkbZAA
e/kqdj opu lc fey ekukA eqfDr tku yhUgksa ijokukAA39
bl izdkj e/kqdj dks cgqr nhu&v/khu ns[k ml ij vuqxgz djrs gq,]
equhUnz th us mls pkSdk ¼vkjrh fof/k½ crkdj mu lksyg thoksa dks ukenku dj
lÙkiq#"k ds n'kZu djk;s ftlls muds Hkh tUe&ej.k ds ca/ku dV x;sA lHkh gal
tho muls dq'ky eaxy iwNus yxs vkSj dgus yxs tks ;gk¡ vk;k ogh lpeqp
dq'ky gSA
"kksM'k fto ijokuk ik;sA fru dg¡ yS lryksd iBk;sAA
x x x x x
ijls pj.k iq#"k ds galkA tUe ej.k dks esVm s lalkAA
ldy gal iwNh dq'kykbZA dgq f}t dq'ky Hk;s vc vkbZAA
/keZnkl ;g vpjt ckuhAA xqIr izxV phUgs lksbZ KkuhAA
galu vxj phj ifgjk;sA nsg fgjEej yf[k lq[k ik;sAA
"kksM'k Hkkuq gal mft;kjkA ve`r Hkkstu djs vgkjkAA
vxj okluk r`Ir 'kjhjkA iq#"k nj'k xnxn efr /khjkAA
;fg fof/k =srk;qx dks HkkokA gal eqDr Hk;s uke izHkkokAA40
¼x½ }kij;qx esa fut psruk
=srk;qx ds i'pkr~ dchj lkgc vius mís'; dks iw.kZ djds Åij tkdj
iq#"k ds pj.kksa esa yhu gks x;sA dchj lkgc iqu% vius f'k"; /keZnkl ls dgrs gSa
fd eSa iq#"k ds pj.kksa esa /;kueXu Fkk] rHkh rhljh ckj ije 'kfDr dh vkokt vkbZ]
mUgksua s eq>ls dgk Kkuh th] tho dY;k.k gsrq ¼}kij ;qx es½a iqu% lalkj esa tkvksA
=srkxr }kij ;qx vkokA rc iqfu Hk;ks dky ijHkkokAA
}kij ;qx izos'k Hkk tc ghA iq#"k vokt dhUg iqfu rcghAA
Kkuh osfx tkgq lalkjkA ;elksa thou djgq mckjkAA
dky nsr thou dg¡ =klkA dkVks tk; frufg dks QkalkAA
dkyfg esV tho yS vkoksA ckj ckj dk txfg fl/kkoksAA41
bl }kij ;qx esa budk uke d#.kke; FkkA Kkuh th mu iq#"k ls vkKk
iwNus yxs &
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 120

rc ge dgk iq#"k lksa ckuhA vkKk djgq 'kCn ijokuhAA

ije iq#"k us muls thoksa dks uke&nku nsdj eqDr djkus dks dgkA lkFk gh
;g Hkh dgk fd eq>esa vkSj rqeesa ty&rjax dh Hkk¡fr dksbZ vUrj ugha gSA
dgk iq#"k lquq ;ksx lark;uA 'kCn fprk; tho eqDrk;uAA
tks vc dky dhUg vU;kbZA gks lqr rqe ee opu ulkbZAA
x x x x x
gelks rqefga vUrj ukghaA ftfe rjax ty ekfga lekghAA
gefga rqefga tks nqbdj tkukA rk ?kV ;e lc dfj gS FkkukAA42
bUnzerh o`ÙkkUr
ije iq#"k dh vkKk ls d#.kke; th }kij ;qx esa eR;Zyksd esa vorfjr gq,
vkSj thoksa ds dY;k.kkFkZ mUgsa ukenku gsrq izsfjr fd;kA d#.kke; th jktk pUnz
fot; ds 'kgj fxjukyx<+ igq¡pAs pUnzfot; dh jkuh ds eu esa lk/kq&egkRekvksa ds
fy, cgqr J)k FkhA og egy dh vVkjh ij p<+dj ns[krh jgrh Fkh fd ;gk¡ ls
dksbZ lar&egkRek fudysa rks og muds n'kZu djsA d#.kke; th vUr;kZeh Fks vkSj
jkuh bUnzerh dh HkfDr dks le>rs gq, os mlh jkLrs ls xqtjus yxsA bUnzerh us
tc ns[kk rks viuh lsfodk dks dgk & rqjUr uhps tkdj egkRek dks ysdj vkvksA
c`[kyh ¼lsfodk½ vkdj muds pj.kksa esa 'kh'k >qdkrs gq, cksyh fd egkjkuh vkidks
egy esa vkefU=r dj jgh gS] os vkids n'kZu ds fy, O;kdqy gSa &
x<+ fxfjukj rcfg py vk;sA panfz ot; u`i rgka jgk;sAA
rsfg u`i x`gjg ukfj l;kuhA iwtS lk/kq egkre tkuhAA
p<+h vVkjh okV fugkjsA larnj'k dg¡ dk;kxkjsAA
jkuh izhfr cgqr ge tkukA rsfg ekjx dg¡ dhUg i;kukAA
eksfg ig¡ n`f"V ijh tc jkuhA o`"kyh jluk dg ;g ckuhAA
ekjx csfx tkgq rqe /kkbZA ns[kgq lk/kq vkuq xfg ikbZAA
o`"kyh vk; pj.k yiVkuhA u`i ofurk eq[k Hkkl l;kuhAA
dgh o`"kyh jkfu vl Hkk"kkA rqe n'kZu dg¡ vfHkyk"kkAA
nsgq nj'k eksfg nhu n;kykA rqEgkjs nj'k feVs lc 'kkykAA43
121 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

d#.kke; th c`[kyh ls cksys fd jktegy esa gekjk D;k dkeA jkT; dk;Z
esa lEeku] iz'kalk rFkk vgadkjkfn Hkko gksrs gSaA ge lk/kq gS a vr% jktk ds egy esa
gekjk D;k dke gks ldrk gSA
jkt dkt gS eku cM+kbZA ge lk/kq u`i x`g ufga tkbZAA
;g ckr lsfodk us jkuh ls tkdj T;ksa dh R;ksa dg nhA bUnzerh us tc
lk/kq d#.kke; dh ;g ckr lquh rks rqjUr mBdj nkSMh+&nkSM+h muds ikl vk;ha
vkSj mUgsa n.Mor~ iz.kke fd;k lkFk gh muls jktegy esa i/kkjus dh izkFkZuk dhA
gs lkfgc eksij d# nk;kA eksjs x`g vc /kfj;s ik;kAA44
jkuh bUnzerh dh J)k HkfDr ls d#.kke; th jktegy esa i/kkjsA jkuh us
mUgsa flagklu ij fojkteku dj mudk pj.k&iz{kkyu fd;k rFkk pj.kke`r dk
iku fd;k &
izhfr nsf[k rfg Hkou fl/kkjsA nhUg flagklu pj.k [kVk;sAA
nhUg flagklu pj.k i[kkjhA pj.k ijNkyu vaxksNk /kkjhAA
a tu~e 'kqHk tkuhAA45
pj.k /kks;s iqfu jk[ks fljkuhA iV in iksN
bUnzerh d#.kke; th ls viuk ifjp; nsus gsrq izkFkZuk djus yxh &
rqe izHkq xe vikj] ojuks eksrs fdrHk;sAA
esVgq r`"kk gekj viuks] ifjp; eksfg dgAA46
rc xq.k xzkfg.kh bUnzerh ls dchj lkgc us dgk &
ns'k gekj U;kj frgq¡ iqjrsA vfgiqj ujiqj v# lqjiqjrsAA
rgk¡ ugha ;edsj izos'kkA vkfn iq#"k dks tgoka ns'kkAA
lR;yksd rsfg ns'k lqgsykA lR;uke xg dhts esykAA
vn~Hkqr T;ksfr iq#"k dh dk;kA galu 'kksHkk vf/kd lqgk;kAA47
vFkkZr gekjk yksd eR;Zyksd vkSj LoxZyksd nksuksa ls i`Fkd~ gSA ogk¡ vkfn
iq#"k ¼vkfn psru 'kfDr½ fojkteku gS] ogk¡ ;enwr ugha tk ldrsA og lryksd gS
ftldk Kku lruke ls esy ;k mlesa y; djus ls gksrk gSA mu vkfn iq#"k dh
dk;k vn~Hkqr T;ksfr gS vkSj tgk¡ gal foykl djrs gSaA
;g lqu bUnzerh gkFk tksM+dj ;ejkt ls eqfDr gsrq izkFkZuk djus yxhA
tksfj ikf.k cksyh fcy[kk;hA izHkq ;e rs ysgq NqM+kbZAA
jktikV lc rqe ij ckjksAa /ku lEifRr ;g lc rt MkjksAa A
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 122

nsgq 'kj.k eksfg nhu n;kykA cafnNksj eqfga djgq fugkykAA48

d#.kke; th us bUnzerh dks vk'oklu fn;k rFkk pkSdk] vkjrh vkfn
fØ;kvksa ds lkFk 'kCn /ofu] lqfeju] /;ku vkfn dk Kku fn;k &
bUnzerh lqu opu gekjkA Nksjksa fu'p; cafn rqEgkjkAA
phUgsm eksfg ijrhr n`<+kukA vc nsgq¡ rksfg uke ijokukAA49
bUnzerh dh izkFkZuk ij dchj lkgc us mlls [kseljh dh Hkk¡fr pkSdk djus
rFkk vU; lkeku ykus dks dgkA
pkSdk dj ysogq ijokukA ihNs dgksa viu lfgnkukAA
vkusm ldylkt rc jkuhA pkSdk cSfB 'kCn /ofu BkuhAA
vkjfr dj nhUgk ijokukA iq#"k /;ku lqfej.k lfgnkukAA
mfB jkuh rc ekFk uok;hA ys vkKk ijokuh ik;hAA50
jkuh bUnzerh jktk pUnz fot; ls egkRek d#.kke; th ds n'kZu djus dk
vkxzg djrh gS rc jktk dgrk gS fd rqe esjh v)kZafxuh gks vr% ge nksuksa dh
HkfDr dksbZ vyx&vyx ugha gSA eSa igys rqEgkjh HkfDr dk izHkko rks ns[k yw¡A tc
jkuh us ns[kk fd jktk ij mldh ckrksa dk dksbZ izHkko ugha gS rks og iqu%
d#.kke; th ds ikl vk xbZA rc d#.kke; th us mls dky pfj= le>k;kA
d#.kke; th us dgk fd ßdky Hk;kud :i /kkj.k dj rqEgkjs ikl vk;sxk vFkkZr
og r{kd liZ cudj rqEgsa MlsxkA vr% mUgksua s fojfgyh 'kCn fy[kk fn;k &
lqu jkuh ,d opu gekjkA dkygq dyk djs Ny /kkjkAA
dky O;ky gS rksig¡ vk;hA Mls rksfg lks nsm¡ crk;hAA
rk dg f'k"; dhUg eSa tkuhA Mls dky r{kd gS vkuhAA
rc ge rks dg¡ ea= y[kk;hA dkyxjy rc nwj ijk;hAA
nhUgksa 'kCn fojgqyh rkghaA dky xjy tsfg O;kis ukghaAA51
iqu% d#.kke; th jkuh ls dgrs gS fd & mlls cp tkus ij Hkh ;enwr
Ny djsx
a As og esjs tSlk 'osr o.kZ /kkj.k dj rqEgkjs ikl vk;sxk vksj dgsxk fd gs
jkuh rqe eq>s igpku yks eSa rqEgkjk d#.kke; ¼dchj½ gw¡A iwoZ tUe ds deksaZ ds
dkj.k og rqels Ny djsxkA
;fg fof/k dky Bxs rksfg vkbZA dky js[k lc nsm crk;hAA
123 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

iqu% os dky dk :i crkrs gq, dgrs gSa fd mldk eLrd NksVk gksxk rFkk
p{kq vFkkZr~ us=ksa dk jax Hkh vyx gksxkA jkuh bUnzerh ;g lqudj ?kcjk xbZ vkSj
d#.kke; th ls izkFkZuk djus yxh fd ;g rks dky ns'k gSA ;gk¡ dky psruk gS]
eq>s bl dky psruk ls fudkydj n;kyns'k vFkkZr vius ns'k ys pfy;sA jkuh ds
izkFkZuk fd;s tkus ij d#.kke; th us mls mik; crkrs gq, dgk fd tc dky
rqEgsa Nys rks tks ^ukenku* fd;k gS] mldk lqfeju djukA tSls flag dks ns[kdj
gkFkh Mj tkrk gS mlh izdkj ;enwr ^uke* ds lqfeju ls Hkkxus yxrs gSaA
dky dyk izp.M ns[kks] xt :i /kj tx vkobZAA
nsf[k dsgfj xt =kl ekus] /khj cgqfj u ykobZAA52
jkuh bUnzerh dgus yxh fd gs lkgc eSa rks rqEgha dks tkurh gw¡ vkSj eSaus
rqedks igpku fy;k gS fdUrq esjh ,d fcurh gS fd dky tc eq>s lrkus yxs rks
vki esjh vkRek dks vius yksd ys tkukA
dky O;ky gq, eksfga lrkbZA v# iqfu gal :i Hkjek;hAA
rc iqfu lkfgc eksig¡ vkÅA gal gekj yksdks yS tkÅAA53
rc d#.kke; th dgrs gSa fd uke lqfejrs jgus ds dkj.k dky ogk¡ Bgj
ugha ik;sxk vkSj ihNs ls ge vkdj rqEgkjh vkRek dks lryksd ys tk;sx
a s&
rsfg ihNs ge rqe yx vkoSaA gal gekj yksd igq¡pkoSaAA
'kCn rksfg ge nhUg y[kkbZA fu'kfnu lqijh fpÙk yxk;hAA54
bruk dgdj d#.kke; th xqIr gks x;s vkSj lka;dky r{kd jkuh ds vkus
ls iwoZ vkdj mlds rfd;s ds uhps Nqi x;kA tSls gh jkuh iyax ij ysVh] r{kd
us mls Ml fy;kA bUnzerh us jktk dks tksj ls vkokt nh fd r{kd us mls Ml
fy;k gSA vkokt dks lqudj O;kdqy gqvk jktk rqjUr nkSM+dj vk;k rFkk oS| ;k
lk¡i ds dkVus okys dk bykt djus okys dks vkns'k fn;kA os fo"k nwj djus okys
dks cgqr ls ijxus ¼jkT; dk Hkkx½ buke nsus dh ?kks"k.kk djus yxsA
lqu jktk O;kdqy g~oS /kkokA xq.kh xk#.kh osfx cqykokAA
jk; dgS ee iz.kkfi;kjhA ysgq fprk; tks vcdh ckjhAA
r{kd xjy nwj gks vk;hA nsgq¡ ijxuk rksfg fn[kk;hAA55
jkuh bUnzerh d#.kke; ¼dchj½ dk /;ku dj fcjgyh 'kCn dk tki djus
yxhaA og jktk ls dgus yxh lHkh xk#.kh rFkk oS| vkfn dks ;gk¡ ls Hkxk nhft;s
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 124

fdUrq vki ;gk¡ ls u tkukA esjs lrxq# d#.kke; th us eq>s tks fcjgyh ;k
'kCn&eU= ukenku esa fn;k Fkk] eSa mlh dk tki dj jgh gw¡ vkSj fo"k dk eq> ij
dksbZ vlj ugha gqvk gS vFkkZr lqfeju ls eq> ij fo"k izHkkoghu gks x;k gSA
'kCn fcjgqyh tism jkuh] lqjfr lkgc jkf[k gksAA
oSn xk#f.k nwj HkkX;k] nwj ujifr ukfga gksAA
eU= eksfg y[kk; lrxq#] xjy eksfg u ykxbZA
gksr lw;Z izdk'k tsfg {k.k] vU/k ?kksj u'kkobZAA56
iqu% og vius HkkX; ljkgrs gq, ckj&ckj izkFkZuk djrh gqbZ dgrh gS fd ;g
esjs xq# dk gh izrki gS ftlds izHkko ls eSa fo"k ds izHkko ls jfgr gksdj [kM+h gw¡A
jktk mldks ns[kdj izlUu gkssus yxkA
,sls xq# gekj] ckj&ckj fcurh djkSaA
Bk<+ Hk;h mfB ukj] jktk yf[k gjf"kr Hk;ksAA57
;enwr( nso=;&czãk] fo".kq rFkk egs'k ds ikl igq¡ps vkSj mUgsa crk;k fd
uke ds lqfeju ds dkj.k jkuh ij r{kd ds fo"k dk dksbZ izHkko ugha gqvkA
dgS nwr fc"k rst u ykxkA uke izrki ca/k yks HkkxkAA58
rc fo".kq nso us ;enwrksa dks lykg nh fd os d#.kke; tSlh 'osr os'kHkw"kk
/kkj.k djds iwjh rjg mudk :i /kkj.k dj ogk¡ tk;sAa ;enwr us oSlk gh fd;k
vkSj jkuh ds ikl tkdj cksys jkuh eSaus tks ukenku fd;k vkSj rqeus tks uke tki
fd;k mlh dk ;g izHkko gS fd eSa ;gk¡ mifLFkr gks x;k gw¡] rqe mnkl D;ksa gks
jgh gksA
jkuh lksa vl cpu izdk'kkA rqe dl jkuh HkbZ mnklkA
x x x x x
Kkuh uke gekjs jkuhA ejnks dky djksa filekuhAA59
blds ckn dky dgus yxk fd r{kd ds }kjk eSaus rqEgkjh ijh{kk ys yh gSA
vc rqe iyax vkSj jkT; dh eku&izfr"Bk NksM+dj esjs lkFk pyksA eSaus rqEgsa ije
psruk dks y[kk fn;k] vc rqe esjs lkFk pyksA
bUnzerh us lkspk tks dky vkSj n;ky dk Hksn Kkuh th us crk;k og lc
dqN Li"V gSA mUgksua s dgk Fkk dky dk eLrd NksVk gksrk gS] tnZ 'osr&jax dh
125 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

vk¡[ks gksrh gS vkSj og iydksa dks >idrk ugha gSA bldk NksVk eLrd ns[kdj
izrhr gksrk gS fd ;g dky gh gSA
rhuksa js[k ns[k pd ekghA tnZ lsr v# jkrk vkghaAA
eLrd vksN ns[k iqfu rkdksA Hk;ks izrhr cpudks lkdksAA60
bUnzerh ;enwr dks igpku dj mls vius ns'k okil tkus dks dgrh gS og
le> xbZ fd dkSok gal ugha cu ldrkA
dkx :i tks cgqr cukbZA gal :i 'kksHkk fdfe ikbZAA
rl ge rksjk :i fugkjkA gSa leFkZ cM xq# gekjkAA
;g lqudj ;enwr cgqr Øksf/kr gqvk vkSj dgus yxk fd eSa rqEgsa ckj&ckj
le>k jgk gw¡ fdUrq ;g L=h le> ugha jgh gS] bldh cqf) fQj xbZ gSA bl izdkj
cksyrs gq, og dkynwr bUnzerh ds ikl vk;k vkSj mlds xky ij tksj ls FkIiM+
ekjkA og FkIiM+ mlus bruh tksj ls ekjk fd jkuh myV dj iyax ls uhps fxj
iM+hA
;g lqu nwr jks"k cM+ dhUgk] bUnzerh lksa cksys yhUgkAA
ckj&ckj rksdg¡ leq>kok] ukfgau leq>r erh fgjkokAA
cksyk cpu fudV pfy vkok] bUnzerh ij Fkki pykokAA
Fkki pyk; lqeq[k ij ekjk] jkuh [kfl ifj Hkwfe e>kjkAA61
d"V esa bUnzerh d#.kke; th }kjk dgs x;s cpuksa dk Lej.k djrh gS vkSj
lgk;rkFkZ izkFkZuk djrh gS rFkk mnkl gksdj lriq#"k ds n'kZu dh vfHkyk"kk izdV
djrh gSA jkuh dh iqdkj ij dchj lkgc rqjUr ogk¡ izdV gksrs gSaA dkynwr Hkkx
tkrk gSA dchj lkgc /keZnkl ls dgrs gSa fd mldh iqdkj ij ge jkuh dh vkRek
dks ekuljksoj rFkk lryksd rd ys x;sA rnuUrj mUgksua s dchj lkxj esa Luku
djk;k vkSj ve`r p[kk;k &
izFkefga jkuh dhUgks laxkA esV;
~ ks dky dfBu ijlaxkAA
rcgh Vhdk iwjk Hkjk;kA ys jkuh lryksd fl/kk;kAA
ys igq¡pk;ks eku ljksojA tgoka dkfefu djfga drksgjAA
veh ljksoj veh p[kkvksA lkxj dchj ikao ijk;ksAA
rsfg vkxs lqjfr dks lkxjA igq¡ph jkuh HkbZ mtkxjAA
yksd }kj Bk<+s rc dhuhA ns[kr jkuh vfr lq[k HkhuhAA
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 126

gal /kk; vad esa yhUgkA xkofga eaxy vkjfr dhUgkAA62

psruk ls ljkoksj bUnzerh us galksa ¼galkRekvks½ ds n'kZu fd;s vkSj galksa us
Hkh ml bUnzerh dh vkRek dk Lokxr fd;k vkSj lEeku esa eaxy xku fd;k vkSj
dgus yxs fd ;g thokRek Hkh /kU; gks xbZ ftlus lrxq# ds Lo:i dks igpkukA
gal tho bUnzerh dchj ¼d#.kke;½ th ds lkFk pydj lriq#"k ds pj.kksa esa 'kh'k
ueu djrh gSA bUnzerh vkSj ogk¡ ds lHkh gal feydj ml psru ns'k esa eaxy
xku dj izlUu gksus yxsA
pyks gal rqe gejs lkFkkA iq#"k nj'k dfj ukogq ekFkkA
bUnzerh vkogq lax eksjsA iq#"k nj'k gksosa vc rksjAs A
bUnzerh v# gal feykghaA djfga dqrwgy eaxy xkghaAA
pyr gal lc vLrqfr ykosaA vc rks nj'k iq#"k dks ikosaAA63
dchj lkgc lriq#"k ls ml g¡lkRek dks n'kZu nsus ds fy, izkFkZuk djrs
gSaA dchj lkgc /keZnkl ls dgrs gSa fd lriq#"k fcxflr gks mBs] izlUurk ls
f[ky mBsA
fcdl;ks iqgqi mBh vl ckuhA lqugq ;ksx lark;u KkuhA
galu dg¡ vc vko fyokbZA nj'k djkb ysm rqe vkbZAA64
lHkh galksa us ,d lkFk ml ijepsru 'kfDr ds n'kZu fd;s vkSj lHkh us tc
n.Mor~ iz.kke fd;k rc ije pSrU; iq#"k us pkj ve`r Qy fn;s vkSj mUgsa lHkh esa
ck¡Vus dks dgkA
djfga n.Morgal lc gh] iq#"k ig¡ fpr ykb;kA
vHkh Qy rc pkj nhUgksa] gal lc fey ikb;kAA65
lHkh gal] iq#"k dh psruk esa foykl djus yxsA jkuh bUnzerh ds lHkh nq%[k
nwj gks x;s vkSj jkuh dh psruk lksyg lw;ksZa ds cjkcj gks xbZA
tl jfo ds ijdk'k] nj'k ik; iadt [kqysA
rSls gal foykl] tUe&tUe nq%[k feV x;ksAA66
vc nq[k }Un rksj fefV x;ÅA "kksM'k Hkkuq :i iqu Hk;ÅAA67
bUnzerh ml yksd esa ije iq#"k vkSj d#.kke; dks ,d:i ns[k vk'p;Z
pfdr gks xbZA
127 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

iq#"k dkfUr tc ns[ksm jkuhA vn~Hkqr veh lq/kk dh [kkuhA

xnxn gks; pj.k yiVkuhA gal lqcqf) lqtu xq.k KkuhAA
nhuksa 'kh'k gkFk fto ewykA jfo izdk'k ftfe iadt QwykAA68
d#.kke; th jkuh bUnzerh ls cksys fd iq#"k us rqEgkjs Åij ,slh Ñik dh
gS fd rqEgkjs leLr nq%[k&}U} feV x;s vkSj rqeus lksyg lwjt ds cjkcj
rst&:i izkIr dj fy;k gSA
vc nq[k }an rksj fefV x;ÅA "kksM'k Hkkuq :i iqfu Hk;ÅAA
,sls iq#"k n;k rksfg dhUgkA la'k; lksx HkasfV rqo nhUgkAA69
rc bUnzerh cksyh fd gs lkfgc esjh ,d vkSj izkFkZuk gSA vkids
pj.k&deyksa dh lsok ls eSaus iq#"k ds n'kZu izkIr fd;s gSA ;gk¡ vkdj esjs eu esa
iqu% eksg tkx mBk gS fd esjk jktk Hkh ;gk¡ gksuk pkfg;sA esjk jktk pUnz fot;
dky ds eq[k esa tk jgk gSA
eks dg¡ Hk;ks eksg vf/kdkjkA jktkifr vkfg gekjkAA
vkugq rkfg galifr jkbZA jktkeksj dkyeq[k tkbZAA70
d#.kke; th ds ;g dgus ij fd jktk us uke&nku ugha fy;k vkSj og
HkfDr Hkko ls jfgr( lÙoghu gksdj lalkj esa HkVd jgs gSa rc bUnzerh cksyh fd
eR;Zyksd esa jgrs gq, eSa ifr dh lgefr ls gh lk/kq lUrksa dh lsok dj ldhA esjs
lsok&Hkko ls jktk cgqr izlUu gksrk FkkA eSa jktk dh cgqr I;kjh jkuh FkhA mUgksaus
eq>s dHkh Hkh lsok dk;Z ls ugha jksdkA lk/kq lUrksa dh lsok ls gh eSaus 'kCn ekxZ
izkIr fd;kA ;fn jktk gh eq>s jksdrk rks eq>s uke&nku dSls feyrkA
jk; dh ge grh I;kjh] eksfga dcgq¡ u cjtsÅAA
lk/kq lsok dhUg fur ge] 'kCn ekjx phUgsÅ
a AA
pj.k eks dg¡ feyr dSls] eksfg cjtr jk;tksAA
uke iku u feyr eksdg¡] dSls lq/kjr dkt tksAA71
iqu% bUnzerh dgus yxh fd jktk bl le; ;ejkt ds paxy
q esa Q¡lk gqvk
gSA Ñi;k vki mls dky&cU/ku ls eqDr dfj;sA
/kU; jk; lqKku] vkugq rkfg galA
rqe xq# n;k fu/kku] Hkwifr cUn NqM+kb;sAA72
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 128

bUnzerh dh ckr luqdj d#.kke; ¼dchj½ th cgqr g¡ls vkSj rqjUr vo/k
ds lehi x<+ fxjuky igq¡psA ogk¡ jktk dks pkjksa vksj ls ;enwr ?ksjs gq, Fks vkSj
mudks vusd izdkj dh ;kruk,a ns jgs FksA mUgksua s jktk dks ,d x<+<s esa Qsd
a
fn;kA rc dchj lkgc cksys] bldks NksM+ nksA rqe bls izrkfM+r ugha dj ldrsA eSa
bls ysus vk;k gw¡A
lqu Kkuh cgqrS fog¡lk;sA pys rqjax ckj ufga yk;sAA
x<+ fxjukj cksxh py vk;kA u`ifr dsfj vo/kh fu;jk;kAA
?ksj;
~ ks rkfg ysu ;ejkbZA jktfg nsr d"V cgqrkbZAA
jktk ijs xk<+ eg¡ vk;kA lrxq# dgs rgka xqgjk;kAA
?kksM+s u`i ukgha ;ejkbZA ,sls HkDr pwd gSa HkkbZAA
HkfDr pwd dj ,sls [;kykA vof/k iwj ;e djs fogkykAA73
d#.kke; th us ogk¡ tkdj ;enwrksa ls dgk fd pUnz fot; dks NksM+ nksA
rR{k.k mUgksua s pUnz fot; dk gkFk idM+dj lruke dk ijpk ns] lryksd xeu
fd;kA ;g ns[kdj jkuh jktk ds ikl vkrh gS vkSj jktk dk pj.k Li'kZ dj dgrh
gS fd rqe igpku yksA eSa rqEgkjh ogh jkuh gw¡A
pUnzfot; dk djxfg yhUgkA rR{k.k yksd i;kuk nhUgkAA
jkuh nsf[k u`ifr f<x vkbZA jktk dsj xg~;ks rc ikbZAA
bUnzerh ds lqugq HkqokjkA eksfg phUgksa eSa ukfj rqEgkjkAA74
rc jktk bUnz fot; cksys gs gal ! rqEgkjk vax&vax lksyg lw;ksZa ds izdk'k
ls izdk'keku gSA eSa rqEgsa jkuh dSls dg ldrk gw¡A
jk; dgs lquq gal lqtkukA oj.k rksj "kksM'k 'kf'kekukAA
vax vax rksjs pedkjhA dSls dgksa rksfg eSa ukjhAA
iqu% jktk dgrk gS fd rqeus cgqr gh HkfDr dh gSA /kU; gS rqEgkjk xq#
ftldh rqeus HkfDr dhA rqEgkjh gh HkfDr ds dkj.k eSaus fut?kj ik;k gSA rqe tSlh
ukjh /kU; gSA
/kU;xq# vl HkfDr n`<+kbZA rksfj HkfDr ge fut ?kj vkbZAA75

]
129 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

lUr lqn'kZu o`ÙkkUr

Hkä lqip lqn'kZu dh dFkk izFke v/;k; esa nh tk pqdh gSA lruke ds
izHkkoo'k lar lqn'kZu dh thou vof/k iw.kZ gksus ij d#.kke; th mUgsa lryksd ys
x;s rFkk mUgksua s "kksM'kHkkuqdkfUr :i esa y; fd;kA
tcS lqn'kZu Bsdk iwjkA ys lryksd iBk;ks lwjkAA
feys :i 'kksHkk vf/kdkjkA galu lax dwrgw y lkjkAA
"kksM'k Hkkuq :i rc ikokA iq#"k n'kZ lks gal tqM+kokAA76
¼?k½ dfy;qx esa fut psruk
f'k"; /keZnkl us dchj lkgc ls ;g ftKklk dh fd }kij ;qx esa bUnzerh
vkSj mlds i'pkr~ HkDr lqip lqn'kZu dks dekZuqlkj fut yksd esa igq¡pkdj os
dgk¡ x;sA
gs lkfgc bd fcurh eksjkA [kle dchj dgq canh NksjkA
Hkä lqnj'ku yksd iBk;hA ihNs lkfgc dgka fl/kk;hAA
lks lrxq# dgks eqfg lan's kkA lq/kk opu lqfu feVS v¡ns'kkAA77
lar dchj lkgc ß}kij xr dfy;qx ijos'kkÞ dgdj mÙkj nsrs gq, dgrs gSa
fd }kij ;qx chr tkus ij ge iqu% dfy;qx esa ije iq#"k dh vkKkuqlkj thoksa
dks mins'k nsus ds fy, py fn;sA /keZjk; vFkkZr~ dky fujatu eq>s ns[krs gh eq>kZ
x;k vkSj dgus yxk fd rhuksa ;qxksa esa rqeus vius izopuksa }kjk tho dks lUekxZ ij
ykrs gq, esjk dky&lalkj mtkM+ fn;k gSA tks tho rqEgkjs Ñikik= ugha gS mUgsa
rks esa {k.k esa [kkdj yhy tkrk gw¡ fdUrq rqe ij esjk izHkko ugha gks ikrk blhfy;s
rqEgkjs izHkko ls gal tho fut /kke eas igq¡p tkrs gSaA
iqu% dky fujatu dgrk gS fd dfy;qx esa rqe lalkj esa Hkys gh 'kCn psruk
ds izopu ds fufeÙk tkvks fdUrq dksbZ rqEgkjs izopu lqusxk gh ughA
vc rqe Qsj tkgq lxekghaA 'kCn rqEgkj lquS dksm ukghaAA78
eq> /keZjk; us deZ&HkeZ] Hkze&Hkwr dk ,slk tky QSyk;k gS fd ;s lc tho
dks /kks[kk ns nsdj upkrs jgsx
a As equ"; lHkh izdkj dk ek¡l&Hk{k.k djsaxAs p.Mh]
tksxh rFkk Hkwr&izsrkfn dh iwtk ls tx Hkzfer gksrk jgsxk vkSj vUr le; rd
thou ds y{; dks ugha le> ik;sxkA dfy;qx esa rqEgkjh HkfDr dfBu gSA eSa
dgrk gw¡ fd dksbZ tho bl ;qx esa rqEgkjh HkfDr ugha djsxkA
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 130

rc dchj lkgc cksys&

/keZjk;rs cM+ Ny dhUgkA Ny rqEgkj ldyks ge phUgkAA
iq#"k opu nwlj ufga gksbZA rkrs rqe thou dg¡ [kksbZAA
iq#"k eksfg tks vkKk nsghA rks lc gks; uke lusghAA
rkrs lgtfga tho psrkšA vadqjh tho ldy eqdrkšAA
vFkkZr gs /keZjk; rqeus cgqr cM+k Ny fd;k gS vkSj mls eSa tkurk gw¡A ije
iq#"k dk opu cny ugha ldrk blhfy;s rqe mldk ykHk mBkdj thoksa dks nq%[k
ns jgs gksA iq#"k us eq>s tks vkKk nh gS] mlds ikyu ls lHkh tho ln~xq# uke ls
izsze djsx
a sA blls eSa lHkh thoksa dks lgt&Hkko ls pSrU; dj ldw¡xk vkSj ftu
thoksa esa lruke dk vadqj izLQqfVr gks x;k gS mudks 'kh?kz gh thou eqDr dj
nw¡xkA ftuds fpÙk esa psruk ds vadqj dk izLQqVu gks x;k gS vFkkZr tks tho
lkalkfjd eksg ek;k ls fojDr gks x;k gS og eq> dchj ds ^'kCn* ij /;ku djsxkA
bl izdkj ds lHkh thoksa dks eSa thou&eqDr dj nw¡xkA
izdV dyk tks /kfj txtkšA rks lc thou dks eqdrkšAA
tks vl djkSa opu rc MkSysA opu v[kaM vM+ksy veksySAA
tks ft;jk vadwjh 'kqHk gksbZA 'kCn gekj ekfu gS lksbZAA
vadqjh tho ldy eqdrkvksAa QUnk dkfV yksd yS tkvksAa A
dkfV Hkje tks nSgksa rkghA Hkje rqEgkj ekfu gSa ukghaAA79
rc /keZjkt dgrk gS fd tks tho rqEgkjs vFkkZr dchj ;k ije 'kfDr dk
uke&Lej.k djsxk mlds ikl dky ugha tk;sxk vFkkZr ml ij dky dksbZ izHkko
ugha gksxkA ;fn esjk nwr ml HkDr rd tk;sxk rks ewfNZr gksdj eq> dky ds gh
ikl rd ykSV vk;sxkA
tks fto jgs rqEgsa ykS vkbZA rkds fudV dky ufga tkbZAA
nwr gekjk rkfg ufga ikoSA ewfNZr nwr eksfg ig¡ vkoSAA80
iqu% dchj lkgc /keZjk; ls dgrs gS fd lR; 'kCn gh eks{knk;d gSA ije
psru 'kfDr ds xqIr vkSj izdV nks uke gSaA izdV lruke dk mPpkj.k gal tho
djrs gSaA tks gal tho bl uke dk Lej.k djsxk og Hkolkxj ls ikj gks tk;sxk
vksj rqEgkjs dkynwr dk izHkko ml ij ugha gksxkA
131 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

iqu% dky Þohjk vad xqIr xu vkÅA /;ku vax lc eksfg crkÅß dgdj
dchj lkgc us xqIr Lo:i ¼psruk½ rFkk /;ku vax vkfn dk Kku izkIr djus dh
bPNk djus yxkA rc dchj lkgc dgrs gS fd izdV :i esa rks rqe lqnkl vFkkZr~
,d Js"B nkl gks fdUrq xqIr :i ls Ny djrs gksA iq#"k dh vkKkuqlkj eSa rqEgsa
xqIr ¼psruk dk½ Hksn ugha ns ldrk fdUrq dfy;qx esa esjk uke dchj gSA esjs uke
ls gh dky fdlh ds fudV ugha vk ldrkA
xqIr Hksn ufga nsgkSa rksghaA iq#"k vokt dgh ufga eksghaAA
uke dchj eksj dfy ekghaA dchj dgr ;e fudV u tkghaAA81
rc iqu% dky cksyk & eSa ,d u;k [ksy jp jgk gw¡ fd rqEgkjs uke ls gh
,d iaFk pyk nsrk gw¡ vkSj bl rjg ls tho Hkzfer gksdj esjh vksj vk;sx
a As
dgS /keZ rqe eksfga nqjS gksA [ksy ,d iqu gegq [ksyS gksAA
,slh Ny cqf/k djc cukbZA gal vusd yso lax ykbZAA
rqEgkj uke ys iaFk pyk;oA ;fg fof/k thou /kks[k fn[kk;oAA82
rc dchj lkgc dgrs gSa fd /keZjkt rqe iq#"k nzksgh gks fdUrq tks tho
'kCn&Lusgh ;k uke&Lusgh gS ml ij rqEgkjs Ny dk dksbZ izHkko ugha gksxkA tkSgjh
gal ¼foosdh tho½ Kku&xzUFk vkSj esjh ok.kh lcdh gh ij[k dj ysxkA
tks fto gksbZ gS 'kCn lusghA Ny rqEgkj ufga ykxS rsghAA
tkSgjh gal ysfga ifgpkuhA ijf[k gSa Kku xzUFk ee ckuhAA
;g luqdj dky ekSu gks x;k vkSj vius /kke esa pyk x;kA
dfy;qx esa dchj lkgc }kjk txUukFk iqjh dh LFkkiuk rFkk jk;cadsth]
lgrsth] prqHkqZt rFkk /keZnkl bu pkj xq#vksa dh ekU;rk djkbZ xbZA ;s lHkh
o`ÙkkUr bu mi'kh"kZdksa esa of.kZr gSaA
txUukFk iqjh dh LFkkiuk
lUr dchj lkgc dk txUukFkiqjh ls fo'ks"k lEcU/k jgk gSA mM+hlk ds jktk
bUnz|qEu ;k bUnzneu ds le; bl efUnj dk fuekZ.k gqvkA
jktk bUnzneu rsfg dkykA ns'k mM+sls dks efgikykA83
txUukFk ;k iq#"kksÙkerhFkZ Hkkjr ds izeq[k pkj /kkeksa esa ,d /kke ;k rhFkZ
LFky gSA Hkxoku~ JhÑ".k us tc viuk nsg&ifjR;kx fd;k rks vius Hkä jktk
bUnz|qEu ;k bUnzneu dks LoIu fn;k fd rqe leqnz ds vUnj esjk efUnj cukvksA
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 132

jktk dks tc ;g LoIu gqvk rks mlus rqjUr efUnj&fuekZ.k dk dk;Z izkjEHk dj
fn;kA
Ñ".k&nsg NkaMh iqfu tcghA bUnzneu liuk Hkk rcghAA
LoIus esa gfj vl rkfg crkbZA esjks eafnj nsgq mBkbZAA
eksdg¡ LFkkiu dj jktkA rks ig eSa vk;m ;fg dktkAA
jktk ;fg fof/k liuk ikbZA rr{k.k eaMi dke yxkbZAA84
jktk us e.Mi&fuekZ.k dk dk;Z iw.kZ djk fn;k rHkh leqnz dh ygjksa us rsth
ls vkdj mls fxjk fn;kA jktk bUnzneu us iqu% efUnj fuekZ.k dk dk;Z vkjEHk
djk fn;k vkSj efUnj cu x;kA iqu% leqnz dh Hk;kog rjaxksa us cM+h rsth ls vkdj
ml efUnj dks fxjk fn;kA bl izdkj N% ckj efUnj cuok;kA N% ckj leqnz dh
rhoz ,oa Hk;kog rjaxksa us ml efUnj dks fxjk fn;kA
eaMi mBk iw.kZ Hkk dkekA mnf/k vk; cksjk rsg BkekAA
iqfu tc efUnj ykx mBkokA Øks/koar lkxj rc /kkokAA
{k.k esa /kk; ldy lks cksjAs txUukFk dks efUnj rksjAs A
eaMi lks "kV~ckj cuk;hA mnf/k nkSj frfga ysr Mqck;hAA85
dchj lkgc us efUnj dh ;g nqnZ'kk ns[kh vr% os leqnz ds fdukjs vklu
yxkdj cSB x;sA ml le; mudks fdlh us ns[kk ughaA blds i'pkr~ mUgksua s
leqnz rV ij vkdj ßpkSjkÞ cuk fy;kA ;gk¡ pkSjk in dk Li"Vhdj.k vko';d gSA
czte.My esa ^pkSjk* 'kCn [kqys LFkku ds fy;s O;og`r gksrk gS tSls pkSjs esa
cSBks] pkSjs esa dgks vkfnA pkSjs esa dgks ls vfHkizk; gS pqipki ugha] lc ds lkeus
dgksA
pkSjk dk ,d vFkZ [kqys LFkku esa >ksiM+h vkfn cukuk Hkh gSA dchj lkgc us
leqnz ds fdukjs pkSjk cuk fy;k vFkkZr~ [kqys esa dksbZ >ksia M+h tSlk fuokl&LFky
cuk fy;kA bl izdkj ;gk¡ pkSjk dk vFkZ [kqys esa cSBus ds fy;s >ksia M+h tSlk LFky
gSA dchj pkSjk eB ¼efUnj½ cukjl ds ukedj.k esa Hkh pkSjk in dk iz;ksx gSA
vklu mnf/k rhj ge dhUgkA dkgw tho u eksgh phUgkAA
ihNs mnf/k rhj ge vkbZA pkSjk rg¡ cuk;m tkbZAA86
dchj lkgc us bUnzneu dks LoIu esa iqu% efUnj&fuekZ.k djkus dks dgk
vkSj vk'oklu nsrs gq, dgk ßeaMi 'kad u jk[kks jktkA bgok¡ ge vk;s ;fg
133 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

dktkAAÞ vFkkZr gs jktk rqe fu%'kad gksdj efUnj dk fuekZ.k djokvksA os mlh
mís'; ls ;gk¡ vk;s gSaA jktk us iqu% efUnj&fuekZ.k dk dk;Z izkjEHk djk fn;kA
iqu% leqnz dh xohZyh ygjsa mBus yxha vkSj iq#"kksÙke vFkkZr~ txUukFk iqjh ds
efUnj dks fxjkus dk iz;kl djus yxhaA ,d ygj cgqr Å¡ph vkdk'k dh vksj
mBhA leqnz us pkSjk dks ns[kkA tc leqnz us dchj lkgc dk n'kZu fd;k rks
vR;Ur Hk;Hkhr gksus yxkA
me¡xsm ygj vdk'ks tk;hA mnf/k vk; pkSjk fu;jk;hAA
nj'k gekj mnf/k tc ikbZA vfrHk; eku jg;ks BgjkbZAA87
leqnz ¼foiz dk :i /kkj.k djds½ dchj lkgc ds pj.kksa esa >qd x;k vkSj
{kek&;kpuk djus yxk vkSj dgus yxk fd eSaus vkids jgL; dks ugha igpkuk A
vkius efUnj rks cuus fn;k fdUrq ;g Hkh lR; gS fd vR;kpkjh dks mldh ltk
vo'; feyrh gSA iwoZ esa Jhjke th us lhrk&izkfIr gsrq lsr&
q ca/ku ds le; esjs
cgqr ls tho&tUrqvksa dks ekjk FkkA vki ijekRek dk Lo:i gks vkSj eSaus vkidks
igpku fy;k gSA bl efUnj dks rksM+us ds fy;s eSaus Hkjld iz; Ru fd;k fdUrq
vkids dkj.k ;g lEHko u gks ldkA vki rks vy[k :i gks] Lo;a ijekRek gks vr%
eSa vkils izkFkZuk djrk gw¡ fd vki eq>s bldk cnyk ysus nhft;sA
dhUgsm xou yad j?kqohjkA mnf/k ck¡/k mrjs j.k/khjkAA
tks dksbZ djS tksjkofj vk;hA vy[k fujatu cksby fn[kkbZAA
eks ij n;k djgq rqe LokehA ysm vksby lquq vUrj;kehAA88
rc dchj lkgc us Qjek;k fd & gs iafMr ! eSaus rqEgkjh iwjh ckr lqu yh
gS vkSj rqEgsa cnyk vo'; fnyokšxk vr% gs iafMr thA gs leqnz ! vki txUukFk
ds efUnj dks NksM+ nks vkSj }kfjdk iqjh esa tkdj ogk¡ ds efUnj dks u"V dj nksA
vksby rqEgkj mnf/k ge phUgkA cksjgq uxj }kjdk nhUgkAA89
;g lqudj leqnz 'kkUr gks x;kA leqnz :i iafMr us dchj lkgc ds pj.kksa
esa ueu fd;k vkSj vR;Ur izlUu gqvkA mlh le; iafMr leqnz :i esa yhu gks
x;k vkSj rR{k.k ogk¡ ,d Hk;kud ygj mBh mlus tkdj }kjdkiqjh dks u"V dj
fn;kA
;g lqfu mnf/k /kjs rc ikabZA pj.k Vsfdds pys gj"kkbZAA
~ ks uxj }kjdk tkbZAA90
mnf/k meax ygj rc /kk;hA cksj;
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 134

efUnj&fuekZ.k iw.kZ gks tkus ij mlesa Hkxoku~ dh ewfrZ dks LFkkfir dj fn;k
x;kA ,d jkr gfj ¼txUukFk th½ us i.Mksa ¼if.Mrks½a ls LoIu esa dgk fd dchj
nkl us eq>s ;gk¡ LFkkfir dj fn;k gS & ßmBks vkdj ns[kks] txUukFk dk efUnj
rS;kj gks x;k gSA foiz LoIu esa ;g Hkh ns[krk gS fd efUnj rS;kj gks x;k gS rFkk
,d ygj vkrh gS vkSj efUnj ds Åij ls fudy tkrh gSA dchj lkgc tks leqnz
ds fdukjs ,d ^pkSjk* esa fojkteku gSa] mudk n'kZu djds ykSV tkrh gSA efUnj dk
dqN ugha fcxM+rk] og rnor~ jgrk gSA
e.Mi dke iwj rc Hk;ÅA gfj dks Fkkiu rg¡ok fd;ÅAA
rc gfj i.Mu Loiu tukokA nkl dchj eksfg ig¡ vkokAA
vklu lkxj rhj cuk;hA mnf/k meax uhj rg¡ vk;hAA
nj'k dchj mnf/k gVtkbZA ;g fof/k e.Mi eksj cpkbZAA91
lHkh if.Mr feydj leqnz ds ikl vkrs gSa vkSj Luku ds i'pkr~ efUnj esa
izos'k djrs gSaA lkeus mUgsa dchj lkgc ¼EysPN½ fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa ftls os v'kqHk ekurs
gSaA dchj lkgc us viuk ,d pfj= ¼:i½ jpk vkSj [ksy fn[kk;kA iafMrksa us ns[kk
fd tgk¡ Hkxoku~ dh ewfrZ Fkh] ogk¡ vc dchj lkgc dh ewfrZ gSA lHkh foiz
vleatl esa iM+ tkrs gSaA muds gkFkksa esa v{kr&iq"i ekyk lc dqN Fkh fdUrq
Hkxoku~ dh ewfr fn[kkbZ ugha ns jgh Fkh ftlls os iwtk dj ldrsA vUr esa os
dchj lkgc ds pj.kksa esa ekFkk Vsdus yxsA
eaMi iwtu tc i.Mk x;ÅA rg¡ok ,d pfjr vl Hk;ÅAA
tg¡ yx ewjfr e.Mi ekghaA Hk;s dchj :i /kj rkghaAA
gjewjfr dg¡ i.Mk ns[kkA Hk;s dchj :i /kj Hks[kkAA
v{kr iqgqi ys foiz HkqykbZA ufga Bkdqj dg¡ iwtgq¡ HkkbZAA
nsf[k pfj= foiz flj uk;kA gs Lokeh rqe eeZ u ik;kAA92
dchj lkgc mu iafMrksa ls dgus yxs fd ijekRek ,d gS] loZO;kid gS
rFkk loZ'kfDreku gS vr% rqe vleatl esa u iM+dj iwtk djksA tks tho
Å¡p&uhp] x+jhc&vehj rFkk Nwvk&Nwr esa fo'okl djrk gS og vxys tUe esa
vaxghu gks tkrk gS rFkk vLi`';rk ds fo'oklh dk flj myV tkrk gS vFkkZr mls
efrHkze gks tkrk gS vkSj og ikxy gks tkrk gSA
135 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

opu ,d eSa dgksa rkslks]a foiz lquq rq dku nsAA

iwt Bkdqj nhUg vk;lq] Hkko nqfo/kk NksM+ nsAA
Hkze Hkkstu djs tks fto] vaxghu gks rkfg dksAA
djs Hkkstu Nwr jk[ks] lhl myVs rkfg dksAA93
ije'kfDr dh vkKk ls dchj lkgc leqnz rV ij ^pkSjk* cukdj txUukFk
iqjh ds efUnj&fuekZ.kkFkZ ogk¡ fojkts FksA izkjEHk ls gh txUukFk iqjh ds efUnj ds
iV gj /keZ] gj tkfr ,oa gj oxZ ds vuq;k;h ds fy, [kqys gSaA
pkSjk dfj O;ogkj] Hkze foekspu Kku n`<+AA
rg¡rs fd;ks ilkj] /keZnkl lquq dku nsAA94
fljtugkj dh bl l`f"V esa lHkh tM+ ,oa psru inkFkksaZ dk ,d fu;Urk gSA
vxk/k leqnz ds vuUr&tho tc Jhjke ds }kjk lsr&
q cU/ku ds le; ekjs x;s rc
mlds vf/k"Bkrk leqnz us foiz os"k /kkj.k dj fujhg tho&tUrqvksa dh e`R;q dk
cnyk ysus rFkk U;k; djus dh izkFkZuk dh vkSj dchj lkgc dh vkKkuqlkj }kfjdk
dks Mqckdj ;g cnyk rFkk U;k; fd;k x;kA
iqjk.kkfn izkphu lkfgR; esa txUukFk iqjh ;k iq#"kksÙke rhFkZ dk dFku gSA
czã iqjk.k95 esa dgk gS fd mRdy ns'k esa iq#"kksÙke rhFkZ uke ls ,d rhFkZ vfr
fo[;kr~ gS D;ksafd bl ij foHkq txUukFk dk vuqxgz gSA czã iqjk.k ds v/;k; 43
,oa 44 esa jktk bUnz|qEu ¼bUnzneu½ dh xkFkk gS ftlus ekyok esa voUrh
¼mTtf;uh½ ij jkT; fd;k FkkA iqjkus le; esa ml leqnz rV ij ,d oV o`{k Fkk
ftlds ikl iq#"kksÙke ;k txUukFk dh bUnzuhye;h izfrek Fkh tks ckyqdko`r gks
x;h Fkh vkSj yrk&xqYeksa ls f?kjh gqbZ FkhA jktk us LoIu esa oklqnso dks ns[kk
ftUgksua s muls izkr%dky leqnz rV tkus dks rFkk mlds ikl [kM+s oV o`{k dks
dqYgkM+h ls dkVus dks dgkA jktk us izkr%dky oSlk gh fd;k vkSj rc nks czkã.k
¼tks okLro esa fo".kq ,oa fo'odekZ Fks½ izdV gq,A fo".kq us jktk ls dgk fd muds
lkFkh fo'odekZ nso izfrek cuk;sx
a As Ñ".k] cyjke vkSj lqHknzk dh rhu izfrek,a
cuk;h x;ha vkSj jktk dks nh xbZA Hkkjr ds lHkh efUnjksa esa izk;% ;qxy ¼nEifr½
ewfrZ;k¡ gSaA dsoy ;gh ,slk efUnj gS tgk¡ HkkbZ&cfgu dh ewfr;k¡ gSaA ;s ewfrZ;k¡ bl
ckr dh izrhd gSa fd lHkh vkil esa HkkbZ&cfgu gSa] u dksbZ mPp gS u fuEuA
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 136

txUukFk ;k iq#"kksÙke rhFkZ dks izkphu dky esa uhykpy dgk tkrk Fkk rFkk
Ñ".k iwtk ;gk¡ ij mÙkj Hkkjr ls ykbZ x;h FkhA txUukFk egkefUnj dh dqN
fof'k"V ifjikfV;k¡ gSA izFke txUukFk&izkax.k ,oa flag}kj ds ckgj dksbZ tkfr
fu"ks/k ugha gSa] txUukFk lHkh ds nsork gSaA f}rh; fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd txUukFk ds
Hkksx ds :i esa idk gqvk iquhr pkoy bruk ifo= ekuk tkrk gS fd bls izlkn
:i esa xzg.k djus esa tkfr&cU/ku VwV tkrs gSaA Hkkouk ;g gS fd idk gqvk pkoy
,d ckj txUukFk ds le{k j[ks tkus ij viuh iquhrrk dHkh ugha R;kxrkA vk"kk<+
ds 'kqDy i{k dh f}rh;k dh jFk;k=k dk mRlo iqjh ds 24 egksRloksa esa ,d gSA
jFk;k=k esa izFke txUukFk dk] f}rh; lqHknzk dk rFkk r`rh; jFk cyjke dk
gksrk gSA ;s jFk ;kf=;ksa ,oa Jfedksa }kjk efUnj ls yxHkx nks ehy nwj txUukFk ds
xzkeh.k Hkou rd [khapdj ys tk;s tkrs gSA [khaprs le; lgL=ksa ;k=h Hkkokdqy gks
laxhr ,oa t;dkjksa dk izn'kZu djrs gSA
ih-oh- dk.ks us /keZ'kkL= ds bfrgkl Hkkx pkj esa dgk gS fd nku&lkxj
¼cYyklsu Ñr½ xzUFk esa nks czãiqjk.kksa dh ppkZ gSA izdkf'kr czãiqjk.k esa dks.kkfnR;]
,dkez voUrh rFkk iq#"kksÙke rhFkZ tSls rhFkksaZ dk o.kZu gSA bl czãiqjk.k ds 176osa
v/;k; ls oklqnso ekgkRE; dk izkjEHk gksrk gS tks 213osa v/;k; rd pyk tkrk gSA
;gk¡ o.kZudÙkkZ O;kl gSa u fd czãk tks fd izFke v/;k; ls ysdj 175osa v/;k;
rd o.kZudÙkkZ jgs gSaA 42osa rFkk mlds vkxs v/;k;ksa ls cgqr ls 'yksd
rhFkZfpUrkef.k ¼okpLifr feJ Ñr½ mn~/k`r fd;s x;s gSA okpLifr feJ 15oha
'krkCnh ds mÙkjk)Z esa gq;s FksA vr% vkt ds ¼izdkf'kr½ czãiqjk.k dk le; rsjgoha
'krkCnh ds i'pkr~ ugha j[kk tk ldrkA
oLrqr% ftl czãiqjk.k esa iq#"kksÙke ¼txUukFk½ rhFkZ dk mYys[k gS( og 15oha
'krkCnh ds mÙkjk)Z esa gq, okpLifr feJ Ñr rhFkZ fpUrkef.k xzUFk ls iwoZ dh jpuk
gS vkSj lUr dchj lkgc dk fLFkfr dky Hkh blh ds vkl&ikl ekuk tkrk gSA
vLrq ! izkphu dky esa iqjk.kkfn fo"k;d o`ÙkkUrksa ds vuqlkj txUukFk iqjh esa igys
,d oV o`{k ds uhps ,d bUnzuhye;h izfrek Fkh tks ckyqdko`Ùk Fkh vkSj
yrk&xqYeksa ls f?kjh gqbZ FkhA jktk bUnz|qEu us LoIu ds vuqlkj ogk¡ efUnj&fuekZ.k
dk dk;Z izkjEHk djk;k fdUrq efUnj dks N% ckj leqnz dh ygjksa us u"V dj fn;k
137 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

x;k rc ogk¡ dchj lkgc ^pkSjk* esa fojkteku gq, vkSj efUnj&fuekZ.k dk dk;Z iw.kZ
gqvkA bl izdkj txUukFk iqjh efUnj fuekZ.k esa pkSjk dh egrh Hkwfedk gSA
mi;qZä o`ÙkkUr ls Li"V gS fd gj tho ,d psru rÙo ds laj{k.k esa iksf"kr
gks jgk gSA leqnzh thoksa dk laj{kd Hkh psru leqnz gS tks foiz :i /kkj.k dj dchj
lkgc( ls Hkxoku~ jke }kjk yadk rd tkus esa ekjs x;s tho&tUrqvksa ds fy, U;k;
ek¡xrk gS vkSj }kjdk dks Mqck nsrk gSA ;g psruk izHkq ds lHkh :iksa esa gSA dchj
lkgc ds EysPN :i dks foiz ueu djrs gSa ,oa {kek&;kpuk djrs gSaA dchj lkgc
lryksd ls pydj txUukFk efUnj ds fuekZ.kkFkZ vk;s ftlesa gj tkfr] oxZ ,oa
/keZ ds vuq;k;h oUnuk vpZuk ,oa iwtk }kjk ml ,d psru 'kfDr dks ueu djrs
gSaA

PURI-JAGANNATH-TEMPLE
pkj xq#vksa dh LFkkiuk dk o`ÙkkUr
txUukFk efUnj dh LFkkiuk ds i'pkr~ lar dchj lkgc us vius iaFk&izlkj
ds fufeÙk( pkj xq#vksa dks tEcw }hi esa LoiaFk izpkj }kjk( tho eqfDr dk;Z :i
mÙkjnkf;Ro lksaikA
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 138

lqugq lUr ;g Kku vuwikA xt Fky nsl ijeks/;ks HkwikAA96

loZizFke mUgksua s jk; cadsth dks 'kCnksins'k fd;k vkSj mUgsa thoksa dks
Hkolkxj ls eqDr djkus dk Hkkj lkais kA
jk;cadst uke rsgh vkghA nhusm lkj 'kCn iqfu rkghAA
dhUg;ks rkfg thou dfMgkjkA lks thou dk djsa mckjkAA97
f'kyfeyh nhioklh ,d lar lgrsth tks lUr dchj lkgc ds ije HkDr Fks]
mudks ogk¡ ds yksxksa dh tho&psruk ,oa HkocU/ku ls eqDr djkus dk nkf;Ro
lksia kA
f'kyfeyh nhi rgk¡ pfy vk;sA lgrsth ,d lUr fprk;sA
rkgw dks dfMgkjh nhUgkA tc mu eksdg¡ futdj phUgkAA98
ogk¡ ls pydj os njHkaxk ¼fcgkj izkUr½ igq¡ps vkSj ogk¡ jk; prqjHkqt dks Hkh
;gh nkf;Ro lksia kA
rgk¡ rs pfy vk;s /keZnklkA jk; prqjHkqt ifr tg¡ cklkAA
rkdj ns'k vkfg njHkaxkA ijf[kfl eksfg lrij laxkAA
x x x x x
ek;keksg u rfudks dhUgkA vej uke rc rkfg nhUgkAA
rkgw¡ dg¡ dfMgkjh nhUgkA prqjHkqt 'kCn gsr dfj yhUgkAA
lUr dchj lkgc dgrs gSa fd tEcw }hi ds thoksa ds m)kj ;k eqfDr ds
fy;s bu pkj xq#vksa dks ¼tks Lo;a Hkh tEcw}hi ds gS½ eSaus viuk dj mUgsa ;g
nkf;Ro lkSaik gS vkSj gs /keZnkl th bu pkj xq#vksa esa pkSFks vki gSaA
gal fujey Kku jguh] xguh uke mtkxjkAA
dqy dkfu lcS fclkfj fo"k;k] tkSgjh xq.k ukxjkAA
prqHkqZt cadst vkS lgrst] rqe pkSFk lgh
pkfjgSa dfMgkj fto ds] fxjk fu'py ge dghAA
tEcwhi ds tho] rqEgjh ck¡g eksdg¡ feyAA
xgs opu n`<+ tho] rkfg dky ikos ughaAA99
HkDr lqip lqn'kZu ds ekrk&firk ds pkj tUeksa dk o`ÙkkUr izFke v/;k; esa
fn;k tk pqdk gS rnuqlkj muds ekrk&firk us izFke tUe esa dqyifr vkSj egs'ojh
foiz ds :i esa tUe fy;kA f}rh; tUe esa pUnu lkgw vkSj Ånk ds :i esa tUesAa
139 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

r`rh; tUe esa mUgksua s uh:&uhek ds :i esa tUe fy;k rFkk prqFkZ tUe eFkqjk esa
gqvk vkSj ;gha ls ln~xfr izkIr dj os lR;yksd i/kkjsA
iqu% f'k"; /keZnkl ds }kjk vius fo"k; esa ftKklk djus ij dchj lkgc
dgrs gSa &
bPNk dj tks iwNk eksghA vc eSa xksb u jk[kksa rksghA
/keZfu lqugq ikNyh ckrkA rksfg le>k; dgksa fo[;krkAA100
lUr dchj lkgc /keZnkl ls dgrs gS fd rqe fiNys tUe esa uh: tqykgk
FksA
/keZnkl rqe uh: vkSrkjkA vkfeu uhe izxV fopkjkAA
rqe rks vkgw fiz; ee valkA tkdkju ge dhUgk cgq lalkAA101
dchj lkgc dgrs gSa fd prqFkZ tUe ¼eFkqjk½ esa( rqEgkjh mRÑ"V HkfDr ds
dkj.k rqEgsa eSaus fut yksd igq¡pk;kA
jruk HkfDr djs fprykbZA ukfj iq#"k ijokuk ikbZAA
rkdg¡ nhUgsm yksd fuoklkA vadwjh iB;s fut nklkAA
iq#"k pj.k HksVs mj ykbZA 'kksHkk nsg galdj ikbZAA
ns[kr gal iq#"k gj"kkusA lqÑfr va'k dgh eu ekusAA102
lalkj esa dky }kjk thoksa dks lrk;s tkus ij ije iq#"k us lqÑr ¼/keZnkl½
dks lalkj esa tkdj iq#"k&lan's k & lalkj dh fu%lkjrk ,oa Hkolkxj ls eqfDr ds
mik; lqukus dks dgkA lqÑr ¼/keZnkl½ dks ns[kdj dky eqLdjkus yxk fd bldks
rks eSa vius tky esa Q¡lk yw¡xkA dky us vius Hkze&tky esa Q¡lkdj mUgsa ty esa
Mky fn;kA
lqÑr nsf[k dky gj"kkbZA bu dg¡ rks ge yso Q¡lkbZAA
dfj miko cgqr rc dkykA lqÑr Qalk; ty eg¡ MkykAA103
cgqr le; chrus ij iq#"k us dchj lkgc dks /keZnkl th dks fprkus ds
fy, i`fFkoh yksd ij HkstkA
iq#"k vokt+ mBh frfgokjkA Kkuh osfx tkgq lalkjkAA
thou dkt va'k iBok;hA lqÑr va'k tx izxVs tk;hAA
nhUg vkKk rsfg dks HkkbZA 'kCn Hksn okgh le>kbZAA
ykogq thou uke v/kkjkA thou [ksb mrkjks ikjkAA
lqur vkKk ofg dhu i;kukA cgqfj us vk;s ns'k vekukAA104
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 140

/keZnkl ¼lqÑr½ dky&tky ds dkj.k viuk mís'; Hkwy x;s Fks vr% mudks
pSrU; dj( fuokZ.k iaFk pykus ds fy, gh dchj lkgc vorfjr gq,A dchj lkgc
iqu% dgrs gSa fd vkxs pydj gekjs va'k Lo:i c;kyhl oa'k /keZnkl ds dqy esa
gh vorkj yax
s s tks bl dchj iaFk dk tho&fuokZ.k gsrq izpkj&izlkj djsx
a As
lqÑr Hkolkxj pfy x;ÅA dky tky rs lqf/k fclj;ÅAA
fru dg¡ tk; fprkogq KkuhA ts fgrs iaFk pys fujokuhAA
oal O;kfyl val gekjkA lqÑr x`g ySgsa vkSrkjkAA105
;g luqdj /keZnkl dchj lkgc ds pj.kksa esa iM+ x;s vkSj foyki djus
yxsA os ckj&ckj le>k;s tkus ij mlh izdkj /kS;Zghu gksdj jksus yxs tSls dksbZ
ckyd ekrk ls fcNqM+dj foyki djus yxrk gS vkSj dgus yxs fd gs izHkq ! ,slh
n;k dfj;s fd eSa dHkh Hkh vkils u fcNMw¡A iqu% dchj lkgc dgrs gS fd rqe esjs
va'k gksA eq>esa vkSj rqeesa dksbZ vUrj ugha gSA pkjksa xq#vksa esa rqEgha lcls vf/kd
fiz; gks &
iaFk lqiaFk xq# le>kosA f'k"; vpsr u ân; lekosAA
rqe rks va'k gekjs vkgwA cgqrd tho yksd ys tkgwAA
pkj ekfg rqe vf/kd fi;kjsA fdfg dkj.k rqe 'kksp fopkjsAA
ge rqe lksa dNq vUrj ukghA ijd 'kCn ns[kks fg; ekghaAA106
rqe rkS gkS /keZnkl] tEcw nhi dfM+gkj ftoA
ikos yksd fuokl] rqfg lesr lqfejs eq>sAA107
blds ckn dchj lkgc /keZnkl dks uke&nku djrs gSaA
prqHkqZt cadst lgrst] vkSj pkSFks rqe vgkSAA
pkj xq# dfMgkj tx ds] opu ;g fu'p; xgkSAA
;gh pkj va'k lalkj es]a tho dkt izxVkb;kAA
Lolaosn lks bu lax fn;ks] tsfg lqfu dky Hkxkb;kAA
pjksa esa /keZnkl] tEcw nhi ds xq# lfgAA
O;kfyl oa'k foykl rjSa tho rsfg 'kj.k xfgAA108
bu C;kyhl oa'kksa dk o.kZu iape v/;k; esa fd;k tk;sxkA
141 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

¼M-½ tEcw}hi dk psruk oSf'k"V~;

}hi i`fFkoh dk og Hkkx gksrk gS tks pkjksa vksj leqnz ls ifjosf"Vr jgrk gSA
}hi dk foLr`r :i egk}hi gksrk gSA izkphu Hkkjr esa tEcw] Iy{k] 'kkYey] dq'k]
ØkSap 'kkd rFkk iq"dj lkr }hiksa ds ukeksa dk mYys[k izkIr gksrk gSA orZeku esa
leLr fo'o lkr egk}hiksa esa foHkkftr gS & 1- ,f'k;k egk}hi] 2- ;wjksi] 3-
vÝhdk] 4- mÙkjh vesfjdk] 5- nf{k.kh vesfjdk] 6- vkLVªsfy;k] 7- vaVkdZfVdkA
Hkkjr tks vkt ,f'k;k egk}hi esa gS] izkphu dky esa tEcw}hi ds vUrxZr vkrk FkkA
dfo Jh g"kZÑr uS"k/k egkdkO;109 esa of.kZr gS fd tEcw}hi lqes# ioZr ds
dud n.M tSls N= okyk rFkk dSykl fdj.k lewg :i pkejksa ds lewg ds fpg~u
okyk vU; }hiksa ds jktkvksa ds leku lq'kksfHkr gksrk FkkA tEcw}hi esa izokfgr gksus
okyh tEcw unh dh mitkÅ feV~Vh fo'o izfl) FkhA
czãk.M iqjk.k110 rFkk Hkkxor iqjk.k111 ds vuqlkj tEcw unh es# efUnj
f'k[kj ds <+ky ij fLFkr pUnzizHkk >hy ls fudyh gqbZ unh FkhA tEcw unh ds rV
ij tkequ o`{k i;kZIr ek=k esa Fks vr% ,slk izrhr gksrk Fkk ekuks ;g tkequ ds Qyksa
ds jl ds cgus ls mRiUu gqbZ gSA bl tEcw unh dk ty ve`r rqY; e/kqj FkkA112
tEcw}hi ds mÙkj esa Øe'k% uhy] 'osr vkSj Jaxoku~ uke ds rhu o"kZ ioZr
vkSj jE;d~] fgj.;e; rFkk mÙkj dq# ns'k FksA nf{k.k esa fu"k/k] gsedwV vkSj fgeoku~
uked rhu o"kZ ioZr Fks rFkk gfjo"kZ] fdaiq#"k rFkk Hkkjr ;s rhu o"kZ Fks
f'k'kqikyo/k113 esa Hkkjr uked o"kZ dk mYys[k gSA
tSu /keZ esa tEcw}hi dks fl) gksus dk {ks=&deZHkwfe dgk gSA vU; /keksaZ esa
tho dks lnk ds fy, Å/oZxeu okyk ekurs gSa mlds fujkdj.kkFkZ tSu /keZ esa
^yksdkxzfLFkrk%* ;g fo'ks"k.k gSA yksdkdk'k ds vxzHkkx ij fl)f'kyk fo|eku gSA
ogk¡ ij eqDr tho lnk fojkteku jgrs gSaA fl) gksus dk {ks= deZHkwfe gksus ls
tEcw}hi yo.kksn~ leqnz] ?kkrdh [k.M & dkyksn leqnz vkSj iq"djk)Z }hi & bu
<kbZ }hiksa esa ls gh tho fl) gksrs gSaA fl) f'k{kk dk {ks= iSarkyhl yk[k ;kstu
gSA eqDr thoksa dk vewrZ vkdkj gksus ls ,d gh LFkku ls fl) gksus okys tho
ijLij ,d {ks=koxkg :i gksdj jgrs gSaA fl) tho ftl vkdk'k izn's k ls mudh
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 142

eqfDr gksrh gS] mlh izn's k iafDr ls lh/ks Å/oZxeu dj yksdkdk'k ds vxzHkkx esa
fLFkr fl) f'kyk ij fojkteku gksrs gSaA114
dchj lkgc /keZnkl ls dgrs gSa fd rqe tEcw}hi ds jgus okys gksA ijekRek
ds }hi ds jgus okys rqe ;gk¡ eR;Zyksd esa vkdj Hkwy x;s gks vr% ge rqEgsa ;gk¡ ls
fudkydj ml ns'k esa ys tk;sx
a s tks dky dh igq¡p ls ijs gSA
tEcw}hi ds tho] rqEgjh ck¡g eksdg¡ feyA
xgs opu n`<+ iho] rkfg dky ikos ughaAA115
iqu% dchj lkgc dgrs gSa & gs /keZnkl ! rqe tEcw}hi ds yksxksa dks
Hkolkxj ls eqDr djkus okys gksA
rqe rks /keZnkl] tacqnhi dfM+gkj ftoA
ikos yksd fuokl] rqfg lesr lqfejs eq>sAA116
dchj lkgc /keZnkl dks Js"B lsod ,oa tEcw}hi dk xq# ¼pkj xq#vksa esa
,d½ crkrs gSa rFkk dgrs gS fd muds c;kyhl oa'k ¼ftudk o.kZu vkxs fd;k
tk;sxk½ lalkj ds thoksa ds m)kjkFkZ gksx
a s&
pjksa esa /keZnkl] tEcw}hi ds xq# lfgA
O;kfyloa'k foykl rjS] tho rsfg 'kj.k xgAA117
vLrq ! tSu /keZ esa tEcw}hi dks fl) gksus dk {ks= deZHkwfe dgk gS rFkk
lUr dchj lkgc us tEcw }hi dks ijekRek dk }hi dgk gSA ije'kfDr us tho
dY;k.kkFkZ] le;&le; ij vius fofo/k vorkjksa ls bl }hi dks ifo= fd;k gSA
,sls tEcw}hi dks psruk }hi dgk tk; rks vR;qfDr u gksxhA
lanHkZ xzUFk lwph
1- vuqjkx i`- 69
2- vuqjkx i`- 69
3- vuqjkx i`- 72
4- vuqjkx i`- 73
5- vuqjkx] i`- 69
6- vuqjkx i`- 69
143 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

7- vuqjkx i`- 69
8- vuqjkx i`- 69&70
9- vuqjkx i`- 70
10- vuqjkx i`- 70
11- vuqjkx i`- 70
12- vuqjkx lkxj] i`-71
13- vuqjkx lkxj i`- 71
14- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 73
15- vuqjkx lkxj- 73
16- vuqjkx lkxj- 74
17- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 73
18- vuqjkx i`- 74
19- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 74
20- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 74
21- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 74
22- vuqjkx lkxj i`- 74] NUn 54
23- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 75
24- vuqjkx i`- 75
25- vuqjkx i`- 75
26- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 76
27- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 76
28- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 76
29- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 76
30- vuqjkx i`- 76
31- vuqjkx lkxj i`- 76
32- vuqjkx i`- 77
33- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 76
34- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 77
35- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 77
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 144

36- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 77] ikn fVIi.kh

37- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 78
38- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 78
39- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 78
40- vuqjkx i`- 79
41- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 79] 80
42- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 80
43- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 81
44- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 82
45- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 82
46- vuqjkx i`- 83
47- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 83
48- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 85
49- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 85
50- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 86
51- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 86&87
52- vuqjkx i`- 87
53- vuqjkx i`- 88
54- vuqjkx i`- 88
55- vuqjkx i`- 88
56- vuqjkx i`- 88&89
57- vuqjkx i`- 89
58- vuqjkx i`- 89
59- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 89
60- vuqjkx i`- 89
61- vuqjkx i`- 90
62- vuqjkx i`- 90
63- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 91
64- vuqjkx i`- 91
145 A psruk dk lkxj % vuqjkxlkxj

65- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 91] NUn 63

66- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 91] lksjBk 66
67- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 92
68- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 91
69- vuqjkx i`- 92
70- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 93
71- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 93
72- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 94
73- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 94
74- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 94
75- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 94
76- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 98
77- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 98
78- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 99
79- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 99
80- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 100
81- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 101
82- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 101
83- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 101
84- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 101] 102
85- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 102
86- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 102
87- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 102
88- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 103
89- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 103
90- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 103
91- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 103
92- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 103
93- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 104] NUn 70
94- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 104] lksjBk 74
 psruk & fofo/k ;qxksa esAa 146

95- czã iqjk.k 42@35&37

96- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 104
97- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 104
98- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 104
99- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 105 lksjBk] 75
100- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 105
101- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 110
102- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 109
103- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 110
104- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 110
105- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 110
106- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 111
107- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 112 lks- 77
108- vuqjkx lkxj] i`- 113] lksjBk – 78
109- uS"k/k egkdkO; lxZ 11
110- czãk.M iqjk.k 2@18@68&69
111- Hkkxor iqjk.k 5@16@19
112- uS"k/k egkdkO; 11@86
113- f'k'kqiky o/k 14@5
114- dY;k.k lk/kkukad tSu lEiznk; ds lk/ku ys[kd Jh ujsUnz tSu] i`-
652&654 ds vk/kkj ij
115- vuqjkx lkxj] lksjBk&75] i`- 105
116- vuqjkx lkxj] lksjBk&77] i`-112
117- vuqjkx lkxj] lksjBk&78] i`-113