MCA 1 st SEMESTER - 2022

Assignment – 5

DOA: 07/03/2022 DOS: 16/03/2022

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Part (A)- create a file with name Example.txt which contains following content

Welcome to Linux !

Linux is a free and open source Operating system that is mostly used by developers and in
production
servers for hosting crucial components such as web and database servers. Linux has also made a
name
for itself in PCs. Beginners looking to experiment with Linux can get started with friendlier linux
distributions such as Ubuntu, Mint, Fedora and Elementary OS.

Write commands for the following-

Q1- print the lines Which contain the string “linux”?

Sol:- $grep “linux” Example.txt
Output Screenshot

Q2- print total number of occurrences of string “linux”?

Sol:- $grep -c “linux” Example.txt
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Q3- display the lines that don’t contain the string “Linux”?
Sol:- $grep -v “Linux” Example.txt
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Q4- search “linux” in same directory and other sub-directories?
Sol:-

$grep -nr “Linux” /home/kalilinux/project

OR
$grep -nr ‘Linux*’ /home/kalilinux/project
OR
$grep -R “Linux” /home/kalilinux/project

• -n Show relative line number in the file

• -r Recursively search subdirectories listed
• -R for "recursive", which means the program searches in all
subfolders,and their subfolders, and their subfolder's
subfolders,etc.
• /home/kalilinux/project Directory for search (current directory)
Output Screenshot

Q5- Number the lines where the string “linux” is matched ?

Sol:- $grep -n “linux” Example.txt
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Q6- Display the lines start with “Linux”?

Sol :- $grep “^Linux” Example.txt
OR
$grep ^Linux Example.txt
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Q7- Find the empty lines in Example.txt?
Sol:-
• $grep -ne “^$” Example.txt OR $grep -ne ^$ Example.txt /* Best output */
• $grep -e “^$” Example.txt OR $grep -e ^$ Example.txt
• $grep “$” Example.txt OR $grep $ Example.txt

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Part (B) Write suitable commands for the following-

Q1- List all the directories in directory?

Sol :-
$ ls -d */*/
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Q2- List all the text files in a directory ?

Sol :- $ls *.txt
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Q3- Display all the files which have a word twt,twet, tweet etc in the file name?
Sol :- $ls tw*t.*
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Q4- display the files which contains any single character between t and t?
Sol:- $ls t*t.*
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Q5- Display all the files which starts with ‘a’ and wnds with ‘e’?
Sol:- $ls a*e.*
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Q6- Display all the files which starts with a vowel?

Sol:- $ls [aeiou][AEIOU]*
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Q7- Display all the files which contains digit at last in its name?
Sol:- $ls *[0-9]*[0-9]*

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Q8- Display all the files which don’t contain digit in its name?
Sol:- $ls [!0-9]*[!0-9]*[!0-9].*
OR
$ ls [\!0-9]*[\!0-9]*[\!0-9].*
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Q9- Display all the the files whose name starts with a capital letter?
Sol:- $ls *[A-Z]*

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Q10- Display all the files whose name contains only three letters?
Sol:- $ls ???.*

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