LEARNING

MODULE
in
Mathematics 7

Algebra
Q2 | Weeks 3&4

LEARNER’S INFORMATION
NAME:_____________________________________________________________________________________
GRADE AND SECTION:__________________________________SCHOOL YEAR:________________
TEACHER: MS.LYRA LYN R. VIVAR, LPT/ MR. KIM BRIAN O. JOCOY, LPT

CONTACT DETAILS:

MS. VIVAR: Lyra Razonable Vivar 09071915956 vivarlyralyn@gmail.com

MR. JOCOY: Kim Brian Jocoy 09485255118 kimbrianjocoy@gmail.com

Contact us from 8:00am-5:00pm

 Module 2: Algebra
 INTRODUCTION AND FOCUS QUESTIONS:
Arithmetic, in its purest form, deals with all the different kinds of real numbers, their
properties and the skills needed for calculating, manipulating, and utilizing them in practical
situations. Algebra extends the range and power of elementary arithmetic to include not just
the constant quantities involved in ordinary arithmetical operations, but also the unknown
and unspecified quantities called variables. This module begins with an investigation into
such algebraic expressions. As you go through to this module, think of this question: How
powerful are the key concepts of algebraic expressions?

 MODULE LESSONS AND COVERAGE

In this module, you will examine the above questions when you take the following lessons:

Lesson 1– ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION

 Algebraic Symbols
 Evaluating Algebraic Expression
 Laws of Exponent

Lesson 2– OPERATION OF POLYNOMIALS

In this lesson, you will learn the following:

Lesson No. Title You’ll learn to……

Lesson 1 ALGEBRAIC Translates English phrases to mathematical

EXPRESSION phrases and English sentences to
 Algebraic mathematics sentences, and vice versa.
Symbols
 Evaluating Illustrates and differentiates related terms in
Algebraic algebra:
Expression a. 𝑎𝑛 where n is a positive integer b.
 Laws of constants and variables
Exponent c. literal coefficients and numerical
coefficients
d. algebraic expressions and terms

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 MODULE MAP:
Algebraic Symbols

Evaluating Algberaic
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION Expression

Translating English Phrases

to Mathematical Expressions

Laws of Exponent

 EXPECTED SKILLS
To do well in this module, you need to remember and do the following:
1. Read and understand the concepts of the topic.
2. Answer the activities with honesty.
3. Follow the direction carefully.
4. Solve with understanding and accuracy.

LESSON 1: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

A variable, a number, or a collection of variables and numbers related by at least a
fundamental operation or grouping symbol is called and ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS. Some
examples are:

5𝑥𝑦 2
7, 2𝑥, −3𝑦 + 4, 4𝑏 2 , + (𝑥𝑦 − 1)
𝑧3

Lesson 1.1: ALGEBRAIC SYMBOLS

A symbol that represents an unknown number is referred to as a VARIABLE. Symbols like 𝑥,

𝑦,∝, 𝛽 can be used as variables.

A term without a variable and is a one fixed value is called CONSTANT.

Any algebraic expressions separated from one another algebraic expression by a plus (+) or
minus (−) sign is called TERM.

The numerical factor of a term is called NUMERICAL COEFFICIENT. In the term −3𝑦, −3 is the
numerical coefficient.

Example 1:

5𝑥𝑦 2
+ 𝑥𝑦 − 1 + 1
𝑧3
5 is the coefficient since it has a fixed value.
𝑥, 𝑦 are 𝑧 are the variables since they are representing unknown numbers.
5𝑥𝑦 2
This example has 3 terms, the first term is , the second term is (𝑥𝑦 − 1) and the third term
𝑧3
is 1 which is also the constant value.

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Example 2: Count the number of terms in each algebraic expression.

a. 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 c. 2 𝑥 + 1 − 4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3
2𝑥 + 1 1
b. d. − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 −3 + 1
4 𝑥+1

Solution:

a. There are three terms: 3𝑥 2 , −4𝑥, and 1 because they are separated by minus
and plus signs.
2𝑥 + 1
b. There is only one term: 4 , even though 2𝑥 and 1 are separated by a plus sign
it is still considered as one term because it is in a fraction form.
c. There are two terms: 2 𝑥 + 1 and 4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 and they are separated by a minus sign.
1
d. There are four terms: 𝑥+1, 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 −3 and 1.

Example 3: Identify the numerical coefficient in each of the following terms:

5 7−𝑚
a. − 4 𝑧 2 c.
2
b. −𝑥 5 𝑦 2 d. 3𝑥 (−2𝑥 2 )

Solution:
𝟓
a. The numerical coefficient is − 𝟒.
b. The numerical coefficient is −1, since 𝑥 has automatically 1 as its coefficient.
7−𝑚 1
c. is equivalent to 2 (7 − 𝑚), just multiply (7 − 𝑚) to 1. Since the
2
1 1
value is 2 (7 − 𝑚) the coefficient is 2.
d. Simplify first to find the coefficient, multiply 3𝑥 (−2𝑥 2 ).
3𝑥 −2𝑥 2 = −6𝑥 3
Hence, the coefficient is −6.

Lesson 1.2: EVALUATING ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

To evaluate an algebraic expression means to substitute the given specific values

for the variables and then simplify the resulting numerical expression.

Example 1: Evaluate 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4 if 𝑥 = −2 and 𝑦 = −4.

What we are going to is to substitute the values of 𝑥 and 𝑦 to the corresponding
variables of the given equation.

3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4 Given
= 3(−2) − 2(−4) + 4 Substitute the value of 𝑥 and 𝑦.
= (−6 − −8 ) + 4 Multiply 3 and −2, 2 and −4.
= −6 + 8 + 4
=2+4
=𝟔

Example 2: Evaluate | 𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑏 − 3𝑏2 | if 𝑎 = 2 and 𝑏 = 5.

= | 𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑏 − 3𝑏2 |
= | 2 2 − 2(2)(5) − 3(5)2 |
= | 4 − 20 − 3(25)|
= | 4 − 20 − 75|
= | − 16 − 75|
= | − 91| Look for the absolute value of −91.
= 𝟗𝟏

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 1
Example 3: Evaluate the formula 𝐴 𝑇 = 2 𝑏ℎ, 𝑏 = 8 and ℎ = 13.

Solution:

1
𝐴 𝑇 = 𝑏ℎ
2
1
= 2 8 (13) Multiply 8 and 13
1 1
= 2 (104) Multiply 2 and 104
= 𝟓𝟐

Lesson 1.3: TRANSLATING ENGLISH PHRASES TO MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSIONS

In translating an English phrase to a mathematical phrase, assign a variable to one

unknown quantity. Then, write an expression for any other unknown quantities involved
in terms of that variable.

Example 1: If 𝑥 stands for a real number, write a mathematical phrase that represents
the following:

a. Three more than the number

b. Twice the number less than two
c. Square of thrice the number
d. Half the cube of the number
e. Third of a number decreased by itself

Solution:

a. Three more than the number is 𝒙 + 𝟑

b. Twice the number less than two is 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟐
c. Square of thrice the number is (𝟑𝒙)𝟐
𝒙𝟑
d. Half the cube of the number is
𝟐
𝒙
e. Third of a number decreased by itself is 𝟑 − 𝒙

Example 2: Let 𝑛 be the age of Nuel.

a. How old was he five years ago?

b. How old will he be ten years from now?
c. How old will he be in two decades?

Solution:

a. Since we are talking about five years ago, so it is negative so we need to subtract 5 to
the number.
(𝒏 − 𝟓)
b. Since we are talking ten year from now so it is positive so we need to add 10 to
the number.
(𝒏 + 𝟏𝟎)
c. One decade is 10 years, since we are talking about two decades so it is 20
years. It means that we need to add 20 years to the number.
(𝒏 + 𝟐𝟎)

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Example 3: Write two English phrases for each algebraic expression:

a. 5𝑥 + 7
b. 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
c. 2𝑦 − 𝑦

Solution:

a. Seven more than five times a number.

Five times a number increased by seven.

b. The product of a number and one more than the number.

The product of two consecutive numbers.

c. A number less than twice itself.

Twice a number diminished by the number.

REMEMBER!
If the phrase uses MORE THAN or LESS than, the given number must be after the operation sign.

Ex.: Nine more than a number is 𝒙+𝟗

If the phrase uses INCREASED or DIMINISHED, the given number must be before the operation
sign.

Ex.: Nine increased by a number is 𝟗+𝒙

Lesson 1.4: LAWS OF EXPONENT

Mathematics is much easier when notation is concise and convenient. The exponent is
an excellent example of good mathematical notation. The exponent tells the number of times
the base to be used as a factor.

𝑛𝑒 , where 𝑛 is the base and 𝑒 is the exponent.

Example: 𝟓𝟑

The base is 5 and the exponent is 3. Since the exponent tells how many times the base
to be used as a factor, therefore,
𝟓 × 𝟓 × 𝟓 = 15
It means that the base 5 is multiplied three times.

THE FOUR LAWS OF EXPONENT

1. FIRST LAW OF EXPONENT

If 𝑎, 𝑚 and 𝑛 are real number,
𝒂𝒎 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝒎+𝒏

According to the first law of exponent, if you multiply two real numbers, just copy the
base and add its exponent.

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 Example:

a. 37 × 38
= 37+8
= 𝟑𝟏𝟓
b. 𝑥 × 𝑥 × 𝑥 2
9 4

= 𝑥 9+4+2
= 𝒙𝟏𝟓
3+𝑎 3𝑎−1
c. 𝑥 × 𝑥
= 𝑥 3+𝑎+3𝑎 −1 Add 3𝑎 and 𝑎, 3 and −1
= 𝒙𝟒𝒂+𝟐

2. SECOND LAW OF EXPONENT

If 𝑎, 𝑚 and 𝑛 are real number,
(𝒂𝒎 )𝒏 = 𝒂𝒎𝒏

In this second law of exponent, we will copy the base and multiply the exponents.

Example:

a. (54 )2
= 5 4 (2)
= 𝟓𝟖
7 9
b. (𝑥 )
= 𝑥 7 (9)
= 𝒙𝟔𝟑
c. (𝑥 × 𝑥 4 )2
3

= (𝑥 3+4 )2
= (𝑥 7 )2
= 𝑥 7 (2)
= 𝒙𝟏𝟒

3. THIRD LAW OF EXPONENTS

If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑚 𝑥 and 𝑦 are real numbers, then
(𝒂𝒙 𝒃𝒚 )𝒎 = 𝒂𝒎𝒙 𝒃𝒎𝒚

Example:

a. (𝑥 4 𝑦 7 )3
= 𝑥 4(3) 𝑥 7(3)
= 𝒙𝟏𝟐 𝒚𝟐𝟏
b. (2𝑥 6 𝑦 2 𝑧)5
= 2𝑥 6(5) 𝑦 2(5) 𝑧 5
= 25 𝑥 30 𝑦 10 𝑧 5
= 2 2 2 2 (2)𝑥 30 𝑦 10 𝑧 5
= 𝟑𝟐𝒙𝟑𝟎 𝒚𝟏𝟎 𝒛𝟓

4. FOURTH LAW OF EXPONENTS

If 𝑎 ≠ 0 and 𝑎, 𝑚 and 𝑛 are real numbers, then
𝑎𝑚
𝑎𝑛
where,

𝑎𝑚 −𝑛 , if 𝑚 > 𝑛 If 𝑚 is greater than 𝑛, use this formula

1
𝑎𝑛 −𝑚 , if 𝑚 < 𝑛 If 𝑚 is less than 𝑛, use this formula
𝑎0 = 1, if 𝑚 = 𝑛 If 𝑚 is equal to 𝑛, use this formula

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Example:

𝑥 12
a. = since 𝑚 is greater than 𝑛, use the first formula.
𝑥7
𝑥 12
= 7
𝑥
= 𝑥 12−7
= 𝒙𝟓

(𝑦+3)5
b. = since 𝑚 is less than 𝑛, use the second formula.
(𝑦+3)6
(𝑦+3)5
= (𝑦+3)6
1
=
(𝑦 + 3)6−5
1 𝟏
= 1 or
(𝒚+𝟑)
(𝑦+3)
18𝑥 7
c. [ 7 ]2 = since 𝑚 is equal to 𝑛, use the third formula.
18𝑥
18𝑥 7
= [ 7 ]2
18𝑥
= [1]2
=𝟏

For your activity worksheets.

Kindly detach your worksheets from this module and staple it.
Don’t forget to write your name and section.
During the retrieval of your modules, the only thing you need to pass is your WORKSHEET.
No need to pass the 1st page until this page of your module.

Things to be submitted during the deadline:

WORKSHEETS ONLY.

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NAME: ________________________________________________________
SECTION: ___________________________ SCORE: ____________

MATHEMATICS 7
WORKSHEET 1
Algebraic Symbols

GENERAL INSTRUCTION. DON’T FORGET TO WRITE YOUR NAME AND SECTION.

A. Identify the number of terms in each algebraic expression. Write the correct answer on the
space provided before each number. (5pts)

___________1. 3𝑥 2
___________2. −42 + 𝑥
___________3. 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
___________4. 3𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2
___________5. 𝑥 + 1

B. List the variables and constant terms in each equation. (10pts)

EXPRESSION VARIABLE(S) CONSTANT

𝟒𝒙𝟐
𝟑𝒚 + 𝟕
𝒎𝟐 + 𝟑𝒎 − 𝟓
𝟐𝒔𝟐 − 𝟑𝒕 + 𝟏
(𝟓𝒌 − 𝟔)𝟐

C. List the coefficient, base and exponent of the following expressions. (15pts)

TERM COEFFICIENT BASE EXPONENT

𝟖𝒚𝟐
−𝟗𝒛𝟐
−𝒙𝟐
𝒕𝟐
(𝒌)𝟐

D. In your own words, define algebraic expression, variable, constant, base, exponent and
coefficient. (10pts)

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NAME: ________________________________________________________
SECTION: ___________________________ SCORE: ____________

MATHEMATICS 7
WORKSHEET 2
Evaluating Algebraic Expressions

GENERAL INSTRUCTION. DON’T FORGET TO WRITE YOUR NAME AND SECTION.

A. Evaluate the expressions if 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −1, 𝑐 = 3, and 𝑑 = −5. Encircle your final answer
(30pts)

1. 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑑 6. 𝑏 𝑐 − 𝑑 𝑎

𝑏 𝑎
2. – 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑐 + 𝑑 7. +
𝑑 𝑐

𝑑 𝑏
3. 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑐𝑑 8. −
𝑎 𝑎

𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
4. 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐 9.
𝑑

𝑏+𝑑
5. 𝑏 2 + 𝑑 𝑐 10.
𝑎𝑐

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NAME: ________________________________________________________
SECTION: ___________________________ SCORE: ____________

MATHEMATICS 7
WORKSHEET 3
Evaluating Algebraic Expressions

GENERAL INSTRUCTION. DON’T FORGET TO WRITE YOUR NAME AND SECTION.

A. State a mathematical phrase for each English phrase. Write the correct answer on the space
provided before each number. (5pts)

___________1. Three more than a number

___________2. The sum of a number and ten
___________3. Seven less than a number
___________4. Cube of a number increased by nine
___________5. Square of the sum of a number and two

B. Translate each mathematical phrase to an English phrase. (10pts)

1. 𝑥 − 7

___________________________________________________________________________

2. 7 − 𝑥

___________________________________________________________________________

3. 𝑦 + 9

___________________________________________________________________________

4. 3𝑦 + 5

___________________________________________________________________________

5. 2(𝑥 + 7)

___________________________________________________________________________

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NAME: ________________________________________________________
SECTION: ___________________________ SCORE: ____________

MATHEMATICS 7
WORKSHEET 4
Law of Exponent

GENERAL INSTRUCTION. DON’T FORGET TO WRITE YOUR NAME AND SECTION.

A. Simplify the following. Encircle your final answer. (15pts)

1. 𝑚4 𝑛3

2. 𝑛 𝑛9

3. 𝑥 3 𝑥 4 𝑥

4. 𝑥 3 𝑦 (𝑥𝑦 2 )

𝑛 −4
5. 𝑛 −2

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 REFERENCE

Manalo, C.B., Suzara,J.L., & Mercado J.P., “Next Century Mathematics” (2017).
Phoenix Pubishing House., Quezon City.

Nivera G.C “Patterns and Practicalities 7” (2018). Don Bosco

Press Inc., Makati City, Philippines.

Orines, F. B. “Next Century Mathematics”. (2012). Phoenix Pubishing House., Quezon City.

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