Admission Prediction - Ipynb

{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# Importing essential libraries\n",
"import numpy as np\n",
"import pandas as pd\n",
"from matplotlib import pyplot as plt\n",
"%matplotlib inline"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# Loading the dataset\n",
"df = pd.read_csv('admission_predict.csv')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Exploring the dataset"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"(500, 9)"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"# Returns number of rows and columns of the dataset\n",
"df.shape"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
"<style scoped>\n",
" .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
" vertical-align: middle;\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
" vertical-align: top;\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" .dataframe thead th {\n",
" text-align: right;\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
"<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>Serial No.</th>\n",
" <th>GRE Score</th>\n",
" <th>TOEFL Score</th>\n",
" <th>University Rating</th>\n",
" <th>SOP</th>\n",
" <th>LOR</th>\n",
" <th>CGPA</th>\n",
" <th>Research</th>\n",
" <th>Chance of Admit</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>337</td>\n",
" <td>118</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>9.65</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.92</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>324</td>\n",
" <td>107</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>4.0</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.87</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.76</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>316</td>\n",
" <td>104</td>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>3.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.00</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.72</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>322</td>\n",
" <td>110</td>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>3.5</td>\n",
" <td>2.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.67</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.80</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>5</td>\n",
" <td>314</td>\n",
" <td>103</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>2.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.0</td>\n",
" <td>8.21</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>0.65</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" Serial No. GRE Score TOEFL Score University Rating SOP LOR
CGPA \\\n",
"0 1 337 118 4 4.5 4.5 9.65
\n",
"1 2 324 107 4 4.0 4.5 8.87
\n",
"2 3 316 104 3 3.0 3.5 8.00
\n",
"3 4 322 110 3 3.5 2.5 8.67
\n",
"4 5 314 103 2 2.0 3.0 8.21
\n",
"\n",
" Research Chance of Admit \n",
"0 1 0.92 \n",
"1 1 0.76 \n",
"2 1 0.72 \n",
"3 1 0.80 \n",
"4 0 0.65 "
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Returns the first x number of rows when head(num). Without a number it
returns 5\n",
"df.head()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
"<style scoped>\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>GRE Score</th>\n",
" <th>TOEFL Score</th>\n",
" <th>SOP</th>\n",
" <th>LOR</th>\n",
" <th>CGPA</th>\n",
" <th>Chance of Admit</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>495</td>\n",
" <td>496</td>\n",
" <td>332</td>\n",
" <td>108</td>\n",
" <td>5</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>4.0</td>\n",
" <td>9.02</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.87</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>496</td>\n",
" <td>497</td>\n",
" <td>337</td>\n",
" <td>117</td>\n",
" <td>5</td>\n",
" <td>5.0</td>\n",
" <td>5.0</td>\n",
" <td>9.87</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.96</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>497</td>\n",
" <td>498</td>\n",
" <td>330</td>\n",
" <td>120</td>\n",
" <td>5</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>5.0</td>\n",
" <td>9.56</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.93</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>498</td>\n",
" <td>499</td>\n",
" <td>312</td>\n",
" <td>103</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>4.0</td>\n",
" <td>5.0</td>\n",
" <td>8.43</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>0.73</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>499</td>\n",
" <td>500</td>\n",
" <td>327</td>\n",
" <td>113</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>9.04</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>0.84</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" Serial No. GRE Score TOEFL Score University Rating SOP LOR CGPA
\\\n",
"495 496 332 108 5 4.5 4.0 9.02
\n",
"496 497 337 117 5 5.0 5.0 9.87
\n",
"497 498 330 120 5 4.5 5.0 9.56
\n",
"498 499 312 103 4 4.0 5.0 8.43
\n",
"499 500 327 113 4 4.5 4.5 9.04
\n",
"\n",
" Research Chance of Admit \n",
"495 1 0.87 \n",
"496 1 0.96 \n",
"497 1 0.93 \n",
"498 0 0.73 \n",
"499 0 0.84 "
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Returns the first x number of rows when tail(num). Without a number it
returns 5\n",
"df.tail()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"Index(['Serial No.', 'GRE Score', 'TOEFL Score', 'University Rating',
'SOP',\n",
" 'LOR ', 'CGPA', 'Research', 'Chance of Admit '],\n",
" dtype='object')"
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Returns an object with all of the column headers\n",
"df.columns"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
"RangeIndex: 500 entries, 0 to 499\n",
"Data columns (total 9 columns):\n",
"Serial No. 500 non-null int64\n",
"GRE Score 500 non-null int64\n",
"TOEFL Score 500 non-null int64\n",
"University Rating 500 non-null int64\n",
"SOP 500 non-null float64\n",
"LOR 500 non-null float64\n",
"CGPA 500 non-null float64\n",
"Research 500 non-null int64\n",
"Chance of Admit 500 non-null float64\n",
"dtypes: float64(4), int64(5)\n",
"memory usage: 35.3 KB\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Returns basic information on all columns\n",
"df.info()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
"<style scoped>\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>count</th>\n",
" <th>mean</th>\n",
" <th>std</th>\n",
" <th>min</th>\n",
" <th>25%</th>\n",
" <th>50%</th>\n",
" <th>75%</th>\n",
" <th>max</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>Serial No.</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>250.50000</td>\n",
" <td>144.481833</td>\n",
" <td>1.00</td>\n",
" <td>125.7500</td>\n",
" <td>250.50</td>\n",
" <td>375.25</td>\n",
" <td>500.00</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>GRE Score</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>316.47200</td>\n",
" <td>11.295148</td>\n",
" <td>290.00</td>\n",
" <td>308.0000</td>\n",
" <td>317.00</td>\n",
" <td>325.00</td>\n",
" <td>340.00</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>TOEFL Score</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>107.19200</td>\n",
" <td>6.081868</td>\n",
" <td>92.00</td>\n",
" <td>103.0000</td>\n",
" <td>107.00</td>\n",
" <td>112.00</td>\n",
" <td>120.00</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>University Rating</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.11400</td>\n",
" <td>1.143512</td>\n",
" <td>1.00</td>\n",
" <td>2.0000</td>\n",
" <td>3.00</td>\n",
" <td>4.00</td>\n",
" <td>5.00</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>SOP</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.37400</td>\n",
" <td>0.991004</td>\n",
" <td>1.00</td>\n",
" <td>2.5000</td>\n",
" <td>3.50</td>\n",
" <td>4.00</td>\n",
" <td>5.00</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>LOR</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.48400</td>\n",
" <td>0.925450</td>\n",
" <td>1.00</td>\n",
" <td>3.0000</td>\n",
" <td>3.50</td>\n",
" <td>4.00</td>\n",
" <td>5.00</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>CGPA</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>8.57644</td>\n",
" <td>0.604813</td>\n",
" <td>6.80</td>\n",
" <td>8.1275</td>\n",
" <td>8.56</td>\n",
" <td>9.04</td>\n",
" <td>9.92</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>Research</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>0.56000</td>\n",
" <td>0.496884</td>\n",
" <td>0.00</td>\n",
" <td>0.0000</td>\n",
" <td>1.00</td>\n",
" <td>1.00</td>\n",
" <td>1.00</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>Chance of Admit</td>\n",
" <td>500.0</td>\n",
" <td>0.72174</td>\n",
" <td>0.141140</td>\n",
" <td>0.34</td>\n",
" <td>0.6300</td>\n",
" <td>0.72</td>\n",
" <td>0.82</td>\n",
" <td>0.97</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" count mean std min 25%
50% \\\n",
"Serial No. 500.0 250.50000 144.481833 1.00 125.7500 250.50
\n",
"GRE Score 500.0 316.47200 11.295148 290.00 308.0000 317.00
\n",
"TOEFL Score 500.0 107.19200 6.081868 92.00 103.0000 107.00
\n",
"University Rating 500.0 3.11400 1.143512 1.00 2.0000 3.00
\n",
"SOP 500.0 3.37400 0.991004 1.00 2.5000 3.50
\n",
"LOR 500.0 3.48400 0.925450 1.00 3.0000 3.50
\n",
"CGPA 500.0 8.57644 0.604813 6.80 8.1275 8.56
\n",
"Research 500.0 0.56000 0.496884 0.00 0.0000 1.00
\n",
"Chance of Admit 500.0 0.72174 0.141140 0.34 0.6300 0.72
\n",
"\n",
" 75% max \n",
"Serial No. 375.25 500.00 \n",
"GRE Score 325.00 340.00 \n",
"TOEFL Score 112.00 120.00 \n",
"University Rating 4.00 5.00 \n",
"SOP 4.00 5.00 \n",
"LOR 4.00 5.00 \n",
"CGPA 9.04 9.92 \n",
"Research 1.00 1.00 \n",
"Chance of Admit 0.82 0.97 "
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Returns basic statistics on numeric columns\n",
"df.describe().T"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"Serial No. int64\n",
"GRE Score int64\n",
"TOEFL Score int64\n",
"University Rating int64\n",
"SOP float64\n",
"LOR float64\n",
"CGPA float64\n",
"Research int64\n",
"Chance of Admit float64\n",
"dtype: object"
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Returns different datatypes for each columns (float, int, string, bool,
etc.)\n",
"df.dtypes"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"Serial No. False\n",
"GRE Score False\n",
"TOEFL Score False\n",
"University Rating False\n",
"SOP False\n",
"LOR False\n",
"CGPA False\n",
"Research False\n",
"Chance of Admit False\n",
"dtype: bool"
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Returns true for a column having null values, else false\n",
"df.isnull().any()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {
"scrolled": true
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
"<style scoped>\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>GRE</th>\n",
" <th>TOEFL</th>\n",
" <th>SOP</th>\n",
" <th>LOR</th>\n",
" <th>CGPA</th>\n",
" <th>Probability</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>337</td>\n",
" <td>118</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>9.65</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.92</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>324</td>\n",
" <td>107</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>4.0</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.87</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.76</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>316</td>\n",
" <td>104</td>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>3.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.00</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.72</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>322</td>\n",
" <td>110</td>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>3.5</td>\n",
" <td>2.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.67</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.80</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>5</td>\n",
" <td>314</td>\n",
" <td>103</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>2.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.0</td>\n",
" <td>8.21</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>0.65</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" Serial No. GRE TOEFL University Rating SOP LOR CGPA Research \\\
n",
"0 1 337 118 4 4.5 4.5 9.65 1 \
n",
"1 2 324 107 4 4.0 4.5 8.87 1 \
n",
"2 3 316 104 3 3.0 3.5 8.00 1 \
n",
"3 4 322 110 3 3.5 2.5 8.67 1 \
n",
"4 5 314 103 2 2.0 3.0 8.21 0 \
n",
"\n",
" Probability \n",
"0 0.92 \n",
"1 0.76 \n",
"2 0.72 \n",
"3 0.80 \n",
"4 0.65 "
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Renaming the columns with appropriate names\n",
"df = df.rename(columns={'GRE Score': 'GRE', 'TOEFL Score': 'TOEFL', 'LOR ':
'LOR', 'Chance of Admit ': 'Probability'})\n",
"df.head()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Data Visualization"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
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"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
]
},
"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"# Visualizing the feature GRE\n",
"fig = plt.hist(df['GRE'], rwidth=0.7)\n",
"plt.title(\"Distribution of GRE Scores\")\n",
"plt.xlabel('GRE Scores')\n",
"plt.ylabel('Count')\n",
"plt.show()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {
"scrolled": true
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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"text/plain": [
]
},
"metadata": {
},
}
],
"source": [
"# Visualizing the feature TOEFL\n",
"fig = plt.hist(df['TOEFL'], rwidth=0.7)\n",
"plt.title('Distribution of TOEFL Scores')\n",
"plt.xlabel('TOEFL Scores')\n",
"plt.show()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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"text/plain": [
]
},
"metadata": {
},
}
],
"source": [
"fig = plt.hist(df['University Rating'], rwidth=0.7)\n",
"plt.title('Distribution of University Rating')\n",
"plt.xlabel('University Rating')\n",
"plt.show()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {
"scrolled": true
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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"text/plain": [
]
},
"metadata": {
},
}
],
"source": [
"fig = plt.hist(df['SOP'], rwidth=0.7)\n",
"plt.title('Distribution of SOP')\n",
"plt.xlabel('SOP Rating')\n",
"plt.show()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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"text/plain": [
]
},
"metadata": {
},
}
],
"source": [
"fig = plt.hist(df['LOR'], rwidth=0.7)\n",
"plt.title('Distribution of LOR Rating')\n",
"plt.xlabel('LOR Rating')\n",
"plt.show()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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SUVORK5CYII=\n",
"text/plain": [
]
},
"metadata": {
},
}
],
"source": [
"fig = plt.hist(df['CGPA'], rwidth=0.7)\n",
"plt.title('Distribution of CGPA')\n",
"plt.xlabel('CGPA')\n",
"plt.show()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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"text/plain": [
]
},
"metadata": {
},
}
],
"source": [
"fig = plt.hist(df['Research'], rwidth=0.7)\n",
"plt.title('Distribution of Research Papers')\n",
"plt.xlabel('Research')\n",
"plt.show()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Data Cleaning"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
"<style scoped>\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>GRE</th>\n",
" <th>TOEFL</th>\n",
" <th>SOP</th>\n",
" <th>LOR</th>\n",
" <th>CGPA</th>\n",
" <th>Probability</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>337</td>\n",
" <td>118</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>9.65</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.92</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>324</td>\n",
" <td>107</td>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>4.0</td>\n",
" <td>4.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.87</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.76</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>316</td>\n",
" <td>104</td>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>3.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.00</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.72</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>322</td>\n",
" <td>110</td>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>3.5</td>\n",
" <td>2.5</td>\n",
" <td>8.67</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>0.80</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>314</td>\n",
" <td>103</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>2.0</td>\n",
" <td>3.0</td>\n",
" <td>8.21</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>0.65</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" GRE TOEFL University Rating SOP LOR CGPA Research Probability\n",
"0 337 118 4 4.5 4.5 9.65 1 0.92\n",
"1 324 107 4 4.0 4.5 8.87 1 0.76\n",
"2 316 104 3 3.0 3.5 8.00 1 0.72\n",
"3 322 110 3 3.5 2.5 8.67 1 0.80\n",
"4 314 103 2 2.0 3.0 8.21 0 0.65"
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Removing the serial no, column\n",
"df.drop('Serial No.', axis='columns', inplace=True)\n",
"df.head()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"GRE 0\n",
"TOEFL 0\n",
"University Rating 0\n",
"SOP 0\n",
"LOR 0\n",
"CGPA 0\n",
"Research 0\n",
"Probability 0\n",
"dtype: int64"
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Replacing the 0 values from ['GRE','TOEFL','University
Rating','SOP','LOR','CGPA'] by NaN\n",
"df_copy = df.copy(deep=True)\n",
"df_copy[['GRE','TOEFL','University Rating','SOP','LOR','CGPA']] =
df_copy[['GRE','TOEFL','University Rating','SOP','LOR','CGPA']].replace(0, np.NaN)\
n",
"df_copy.isnull().sum()"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Model Building"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# Splitting the dataset in features and label\n",
"X = df_copy.drop('Probability', axis='columns')\n",
"y = df_copy['Probability']"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# Using GridSearchCV to find the best algorithm for this problem\n",
"from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV\n",
"from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression\n",
"from sklearn.linear_model import Lasso\n",
"from sklearn.svm import SVR\n",
"from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeRegressor\n",
"from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestRegressor\n",
"from sklearn.neighbors import KNeighborsRegressor"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
"<style scoped>\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>model</th>\n",
" <th>best_parameters</th>\n",
" <th>score</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" <td>linear_regression</td>\n",
" <td>{'normalize': True}</td>\n",
" <td>0.810802</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" <td>lasso</td>\n",
" <td>{'alpha': 1, 'selection': 'random'}</td>\n",
" <td>0.215088</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" <td>svr</td>\n",
" <td>{'gamma': 'scale'}</td>\n",
" <td>0.654099</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>3</td>\n",
" <td>decision_tree</td>\n",
" <td>{'criterion': 'mse', 'splitter': 'random'}</td>\n",
" <td>0.586808</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>4</td>\n",
" <td>random_forest</td>\n",
" <td>{'n_estimators': 15}</td>\n",
" <td>0.768831</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <td>5</td>\n",
" <td>knn</td>\n",
" <td>{'n_neighbors': 20}</td>\n",
" <td>0.722961</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" model best_parameters score\
n",
"0 linear_regression {'normalize': True} 0.810802\
n",
"1 lasso {'alpha': 1, 'selection': 'random'} 0.215088\
n",
"2 svr {'gamma': 'scale'} 0.654099\
n",
"3 decision_tree {'criterion': 'mse', 'splitter': 'random'} 0.586808\
n",
"4 random_forest {'n_estimators': 15} 0.768831\
n",
"5 knn {'n_neighbors': 20} 0.722961"
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Creating a function to calculate best model for this problem\n",
"def find_best_model(X, y):\n",
" models = {\n",
" 'linear_regression': {\n",
" 'model': LinearRegression(),\n",
" 'parameters': {\n",
" 'normalize': [True,False]\n",
" }\n",
" },\n",
" \n",
" 'lasso': {\n",
" 'model': Lasso(),\n",
" 'alpha': [1,2],\n",
" 'selection': ['random', 'cyclic']\n",
" }\n",
" },\n",
" \n",
" 'svr': {\n",
" 'model': SVR(),\n",
" 'gamma': ['auto','scale']\n",
" }\n",
" },\n",
" \n",
" 'decision_tree': {\n",
" 'model': DecisionTreeRegressor(),\n",
" 'criterion': ['mse', 'friedman_mse'],\n",
" 'splitter': ['best', 'random']\n",
" }\n",
" },\n",
" \n",
" 'random_forest': {\n",
" 'model': RandomForestRegressor(criterion='mse'),\n",
" 'n_estimators': [5,10,15,20]\n",
" }\n",
" },\n",
" \n",
" 'knn': {\n",
" 'model': KNeighborsRegressor(algorithm='auto'),\n",
" 'n_neighbors': [2,5,10,20]\n",
" }\n",
" }\n",
" }\n",
" \n",
" scores = []\n",
" for model_name, model_params in models.items():\n",
" gs = GridSearchCV(model_params['model'], model_params['parameters'],
cv=5, return_train_score=False)\n",
" gs.fit(X, y)\n",
" scores.append({\n",
" 'model': model_name,\n",
" 'best_parameters': gs.best_params_,\n",
" 'score': gs.best_score_\n",
" })\n",
" \n",
" return pd.DataFrame(scores, columns=['model','best_parameters','score'])\
n",
" \n",
"find_best_model(X, y)"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"#### Since the Linear Regression algorithm has the highest accuracy, the model
selected for this problem is Linear Regression."
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"Highest Accuracy : 81.0%\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Using cross_val_score for gaining highest accuracy\n",
"from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score\n",
"scores = cross_val_score(LinearRegression(normalize=True), X, y, cv=5)\n",
"print('Highest Accuracy : {}%'.format(round(sum(scores)*100/len(scores)), 3))"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"400 100\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Splitting the dataset into train and test samples\n",
"from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split\n",
"X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.20,
random_state=5)\n",
"print(len(X_train), len(X_test))"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"0.821478736588966"
]
},
"metadata": {},
}
],
"source": [
"# Creating Linear Regression Model\n",
"model = LinearRegression(normalize=True)\n",
"model.fit(X_train, y_train)\n",
"model.score(X_test, y_test)"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"#### Predicting the values using our trained model"
]
},
{
"metadata": {
"scrolled": true
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"Chance of getting into UCLA is 92.855%\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Prediction 1\n",
"# Input in the form : GRE, TOEFL, University Rating, SOP, LOR, CGPA, Research\
n",
"print('Chance of getting into UCLA is {}%'.format(round(model.predict([[337,
118, 4, 4.5, 4.5, 9.65, 0]])[0]*100, 3)))"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"Chance of getting into UCLA is 73.627%\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Prediction 2\n",
"# Input in the form : GRE, TOEFL, University Rating, SOP, LOR, CGPA, Research\
n",
"print('Chance of getting into UCLA is {}%'.format(round(model.predict([[320,
113, 2, 2.0, 2.5, 8.64, 1]])[0]*100, 3)))"
]
}
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 3",
"language": "python",
"name": "python3"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
"version": 3
},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.7.4"
}
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 2
}

Admission Prediction - Ipynb

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