Professional Documents
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PhilSCA R&D Agenda
PhilSCA R&D Agenda
PhilSCA R&D Agenda
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Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
R&D Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
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Preface
The Philippine State College of Aeronautics (PhilSCA) is a premier Higher Education Institution
(HEI) in aviation sciences in the country. PhilSCA aims to produce world-class professionals in the
aviation industry through quality instruction, research, extension, resource management, and industry
partnership. To achieve its goals and objectives to a center for research and advanced studies, PhilSCA
strives to implement programs and projects that (i) transmit and disseminate knowledge and skills
relevant to the manpower needs of the country and (ii) discover and disseminate new
knowledge/technology needed for the development of the country. PhilSCA has also enumerated
several research programs in the key result areas (KRAs) of its Strategic Plan for 2019- 2023. The
research-related KRAS are innovative research agenda, industry revolutionizing research, productive
publication service program, knowledge generation/incubation/commercialization, and enabled
condition for research dissemination and publication. An innovative research agenda is one of the
KRAs of the PhilSCA Strategic Plan for 2019-2023. The Office of Research and Development has
been tasked to formulate a Research and Development (R&D) Agenda for 2021-2025. The Board of
Trustees (BOT) of PhilSCA has given the following recommendations on the R&D Agenda: (1) look
into gaps of knowledge to determine research agenda; (2) present the landscape with researchable
areas identified to ensure it provides the opportunity to prioritize projects, solve problems, and
contribute new knowledge; (3) know if existing laws and programs were still relevant; (4) determine
some models to contribute to the efficiency of services. Besides this, the R&D agenda is also anchored
on instruction, extension, and productivity of PhilSCA.
The formulation of the PhilSCA R&D Agenda for 2021-2025 have undergone two phases. Phase 1
aimed to identify the key research aread and domain through content analysis of the PhilSCA Strategic
Plan for 2019-2023, Ambisyon 2040: Philippine Development Plan, and United Nations (UN)
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and consultations from the Commission on Higher
Education (CHED), Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP), and Philippine Air Force
(PAF). Phase 2 aimed to identify the research targets, specific research areas, and general research
priorities thru the utilization of the participatory foresight approach with the faculty members and
academic officials of PhilSCA. One common method for research agenda setting for scientific
organizations and agencies is the participatory foresight approach. This approach includes literature
review from expert documents and consensus building from an expert panel. For the R&D agenda of
PhilSCA, content and thematic analyses were performed on recent aviation technical papers, research
agenda of funding agencies, and strategic plans of aviation organizations for the formulation of an
initial program research agenda (PRA). The draft PRA was then subjected to two rounds of online
Delphi survey from the faculty and academic officials of PhilSCA. After which, an institute research
agenda (IRA) and college research agenda (CRA) were formulated from the results of the Delphi
survey. The proposed CRA was then classified according to the idenfied key research areas and
domains from Phase 1 of the research agenda setting process. The proposed CRA with its PRA and
IRA will be subjected to the review of the PhilSCA Research Council before its submission to the
BOT for final revisions and approval. The PhilSCA R&D agenda for 2021-2025 summarizes the
research targets of the R&D agenda of the different programs, specific research areas of the R&D
agenda of the different institutes, and the general research priorities of the college.
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Research and Development (R&D) Framework
The Research and Development (R&D) Framework describes the process of the research agenda
setting from the participation of internal and external stakeholders of PhilSCA or the PhilSCA
ecosystem. The needs on instruction, extension, and productivity of the stakeholders are the basis of
the research priority areas of the PhilSCA R&D Agenda for 2021-2025. Then, the R&D Agenda will
be used as the guide to implement a Research Management Program for 2021-2023 with research-
related key result areas (KRAs) from the PhilSCA Strategic Plan for 2019-2023.
FIGURE 1. Key Research Areas and Domains of the PhilSCA R&D Agenda for 2021-2025.
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Research Agenda Setting for Phase 1:
Identification of Key Research Areas and Domains thru
External Stakeholder Participation
Phase 1 aimed to identify the key research aread and domain through content analysis of the PhilSCA
Strategic Plan for 2019-2023, Ambisyon 2040: Philippine Development Plan, and United Nations
(UN) Sustainable Development Goals and consultations from the Commission on Higher Education
(CHED), Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP), and Philippine Air Force (PAF). The
content analysis was performed by key officials of PhilSCA during an internal consultative meeting
held in January 13, 2021. The consultations from CHED, CAAP, and PAF was performed during the
stakeholders meeting held in March 8-9, 2021. The four key research areas identified were (1) aviation
policy and leadership, (2) engineering and technology, (3) liberal arts and sciences, and (4) environment
and industry (see Figure 2).
FIGURE 2. Key Research Areas and Domains of the PhilSCA R&D Agenda for 2021-2025.
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Research Agenda Setting for Phase 2:
Participatory Foresight Approach from Internal Stakeholders:
Faculty Members and Academic Officials
Research agenda-setting utilizes commissioned researches, literature reviews, convening workshops,
etc. [1, 3]. Inputs from subject experts and various stakeholders are collected to build consensus for a
common research agenda [1, 3]. One popular approach in research agenda-setting in science,
technology, and innovation is the participatory foresight approach [4-7]. Participatory foresight offers
various tools in shaping a responsive and relevant research agenda [8]. Literature review and expert
panels are the most widely used participatory foresight approach for research agenda setting [9]. The
PhilSCA R&D agenda for 2021-2025 has been developed using the participatory foresight approach.
The R&D has a program research agenda (PRA) for the research targets of the R&D agenda of the
different programs, an institute research agenda (IRA) for the specific research areas of the R&D
agenda of the different institutes, and a college research agenda (CRA) for the general research
priorities of the college. A sample formulation of PRA, IRA, and CRA is shown in Figure 3.
Phase 2 of the research agenda setting process starts with the formulation of the program research
agenda (PRA) and ends with the college research agenda (CRA) (see Figure 4). Draft PRAs were
formulated by employing content and thematic analyses on representative publications on aviation
[10-18] and the current status of the Philippine air transport ecosystem [19- 21], research agenda of
the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) [22], Department of Science and Technology [23],
and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) [24], strategic plans and road maps of
aviation organizations such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) [25], International
Air Transport Association (IATA) [26, 27], and PhilSCA [28] (see Figure 5). Content and thematic
analyses are two prominent methods used to examine a message's content [29]. For this study, content
and thematic analyses were both utilized to formulate codes that represent the relevant content in the
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relevant aviation-related literature. Content analysis was used to identify the research priorities and
gaps in the chosen literature for review. On the other hand, thematic analysis was used to consolidate
the different research priorities and gaps into several common categories in the first draft of the PRA.
The PRA enumerates specific research targets that can be pursued by the IGS faculty and students in
their research activities.
FIGURE 4. Research Agenda Setting based on the Participatory Foresight Approach used
for the formulation of the PhilSCA R&D Agenda for 2021-2025.
FIGURE 5. Content and thematic Analyses on representative publications on aviation [10-18] and the current
status of the Philippine air transport ecosystem [19- 21], research agenda of the Commission on Higher
Education (CHED) [22], Department of Science and Technology [23], and the European Union Aviation Safety
Agency (EASA) [24], strategic plans and road maps of aviation organizations such as the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) [25], International Air Transport Association (IATA) [26, 27], and PhilSCA [28].
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The first draft of the PRA was subjected to an online Delphi survey method, which consisted of an
online survey and focused group discussion (FGD). The Delphi method is an iterative questioning
process that builds consensus on a group of selected respondents [30]. For round 1 of the Delphi
method, an online 4-point Likert survey based on the draft PRA was be distributed to faculty members
in October 18-24, 2021. There were 132 responses from the faculty members collected for the survey
result. The online survey questionnaire explored the intervening factors in implementing the draft
PRA regarding the levels of personal interest and competence of faculty members and students and
the sufficiency of school resources. Results showed that faculty members perceived a high to moderate
levels of interest in the proposed PRA (see Figure 6). Despite this, there were identified PRA that
showed partial levels of personal competence and sufficiency of school resources. These identified
competence and resources gaps can serve as a basis for the research capability building of the faculty
and applications for external research grants.
FIGURE 6. Summary Verbal Interpretation of the Online Survey Data on the Proposed
Program Research Agenda (PRA).
The draft PRA was then revised according to the online survey results in terms of the acceptability
and recommendations of the respondents. For round 2 of the Delphi method, the second draft of the
PRA was then subjected to an online FGD, which was held in October 29, 2021 with 110 faculty
members in attendance. The FGD allowed the removal or reconstruction of the proposed PRA or
the addition of new PRAs. Again, the second draft of the PRA was revised according to the results of
the FGD. Finally, an IRA was formulated from the consolidation of the PRAs using thematic analysis.
The IRA enumerates the specific research areas of priority for the various institutes. After which, the
third draft of the PRA and the formulated IRA was then reviewed by the Deans and Campus Directors
for final revisions in November 22-26, 2021. The consolidated CRA with the IRAs and PRAs will
undergo review and presentation to the Research Council and Board of Trustees of PhilSCA.
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FIGURE 7. Picture of the participants of a full-day Online Workshop on the Research Agenda
Setting held on October 29, 2020.
FIGURE 8. Picture of the Seminar on Research Agenda Setting by Dr. Custer Deocaris from
the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI).
FIGURE 9. Pictures of the Actual Focused Group Discussion (FGD) facilitated by invited
experts: Dr. Christian Lorenz Mahinay from Ateneo de Manila University (ADMU), Dr.
Robert Kerwin Billones from De La Salle University (DLSU), and Dr. Henry Adorna from
University of the Philippines, Diliman (UPD).
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College R&D Agenda
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Key Research Area 2: Engineering and Technology
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Key Research Area 3: Liberals Arts and Sciences
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R&D Agenda of the
Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences (ILAS)
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6. Innovative General Education Program
Improvement of Service Course Delivery of General Education to Aviation
Students thru Studies on Innovative Pedagogies
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Program R&D Agenda of the
Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences (ILAS)
Program Program Research Agenda
Bachelor of 1. Enhancement of Aviation Communication Program in terms of
Science in Program Outcomes, Curriculum Development, Policy Engagement,
Quality Assurance, Graduate Employment, Pedagogical
Aviation
Development, and Educational Technology Utilization
Communication
2. Investigation of Language-Related Pilot-Controller
Miscommunication in terms of Utilization of Modal Verbs and
Politeness Markers, Cultural Factors, and Readback Errors
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Aviation Assurance, Graduate Employment, Pedagogical Development, and
Logistics Educational Technology Utilization
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4. Impact Assessment of Air Transport Condition and Feasibility
Studies on Regional Low-Cost Carrier Terminals for Philippine
Tourism Development
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7. Mainstreaming Gender and Development (GAD) in Aviation
Education, Training, and Industry
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R&D Agenda of the
Institute of Engineering and Technology (InET)
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7. Ab Initio Flight Training
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Ab Initio Flight Training in terms of Flight
Simulator Specifications, Training Facilitation, and Competency-Based
Assessment
9. Aerodrome Operations
Enhancement of Aerodrome Operations thru Studies on Standard
Communication System, Runway Microtexture Assessment, and Runway Visual
Range Estimation
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13. Advanced Avionics System Design
Design of Advanced Integrated Communication, Navigation, and Surveillance and
Avionics (CNS+A) Systems for Air Traffic Management
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Program R&D Agenda of the
Institute of Engineering and Technology (InET)
Program Program Research Agenda
Bachelor of 1. Enhancement of Aeronautical Engineering Program in terms of
Science in Program Outcomes, Curriculum Development, Policy Engagement,
Quality Assurance, Graduate Employment, Pedagogical
Aeronautical
Development, and Educational Technology Utilization
Engineering
2. Design and Simulation of Commercial Aircraft Technologies for
Surface Drag and Fuel Consumption Reduction using Aerodynamic
Technologies (e.g., Natural and Hybrid Laminar Flow Controls),
New Aircraft Engine Architectures with High By-Pass Ratio,
Advanced Aircraft Systems (e.g., Electric Taxiing, Auto Transformer
Rectifier Unit, and Fuel Cell Technology), Novel Airframe
Configurations (e.g., Strut-braced Wing, Blended Wing Body, Double
Bubble, and Box-/Joined-Wing), New Composite and Alloy
Structures (e.g., Shape Memory Alloy and Morphing Wing), and New
Propulsion Technologies (e.g., Open-Rotor Design, Boundary-Layer
Ingestion, and Electric Propulsion)
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2. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Ab Initio Flight Training in terms
of Flight Simulator Specifications, Training Facilitation, and
Competency-Based Assessment
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7. Evaluation on the Compliance on the Safety Management System of
PhilSCA
Bachelor of 1. Enhancement of Aviation Electronics Technology Program in terms
Science in of Program Outcomes, Curriculum Updating for Outdated Courses
and Subjects, Policy Engagement, Quality Assurance, Graduate
Aviation
Employment, Pedagogical Development, and Educational
Electronics Technology Utilization
Technology
2. Design of Advanced Integrated Communication, Navigation, and
Surveillance and Avionics (CNS+A) Systems for Air Traffic
Management (ATM)
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R&D Agenda of the
Institute of Computer Studies (ICS)
2. Augmented Reality
Development of Augmented Reality Technologies for Aviation Education and
Maintenance and Repair Operations (MROs)
5. Artificial Intelligence
Development of Artificial Intelligence Software for Aviation-Centric Services,
Training, and Certification with Quality Management Systems (QMS)
7. Data Analytics
Development of Data Analytics System for Real-Time Flight and Airport
Information
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Program R&D Agenda of the
Institute of Computer Studies (ICS)
Program Program Research Agenda
Bachelor of In terms of order of priority for research implementation
Science in
1. Enhancement of Aviation Information Technology Program in terms
Aviation
of Program Outcomes, Curriculum Development, Policy Engagement,
Information Quality Assurance, Graduate Employment, Pedagogical Development,
Technology and Educational Technology Utilization
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3. Development of Real-time Data Analytics System of Flight
Information in terms of Aircraft Operation, Air Traffic, External
Environment, and Cabin Passenger Service for Improved Flight
Management
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R&D Agenda of the
Institute of Graduate Studies (IGS)
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6. Aviation Security Management System
Development of Aviation Security Management Systems
8. Airport Administration
Enhancement of Airport Administration Operations and Policies
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Program R&D Agenda of the
Institute of Graduate Studies (IGS)
Program Program Research Agenda
Master of 1. Enhancement of Aeronautical Management Program in terms of
Education in Program Outcomes, Curriculum Development, Policy Engagement,
Quality Assurance, Pedagogical Development, and Educational
Aeronautical
Technology Utilization
Management
2. Review of Issues in Aviation Education and Recurrence Training in
Adopting in the New Normal
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2. Impact Assessment of Domestic and International Air Laws and
Regulation as a Basis for Policy Formulation and Modification
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References
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Appendix A:
Content and Thematic Analyses of Expert Documents
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Appendix B:
Online Survey from October 18 to 24, 2021
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B. Summary Quantitave Data of the Online Survey
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Appendix C:
Online Workshop held on October 29, 2021
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B. Sample FGD Results: Presentation by the IGS Dean, Dr. Roderick Santiago
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Appendix D:
Correspondence Review by Deans and Campus Directors held on
November 22-26, 2021
A. Sample Correspondence Review: Inputs from the ILAS Dean, Dr. Rene Bersoto
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